NACE SP01 81 -201 9

Item No. 21 025

Approved 201 9-08-06

Liquid-Applied Internal Protective Coatings

for Oi l f el d Prod u cti on Eq u i pm en t

Th i s N ACE I n tern ati on al stan d ard represen ts a con sen su s of th ose i n d i vi d u al m em - ABSTRACT
bers wh o h ave revi ewed th i s d ocu m en t, i ts scope, an d provi si on s. I ts acceptan ce This standard presents procedures for
d oes n ot i n an y respect precl u d e an yon e, wh eth er h e h as ad opted th e stan d ard or applying liquid coatings to the interior of
n ot, from m an u factu ri n g , m arketi n g , pu rch asi n g , or u si n g prod u cts, processes, or various types of oilfeld production equip-
proced u res n ot i n con form an ce wi th th i s stan d ard . N oth i n g con tai n ed i n th i s N ACE ment used primarily for the processing
I n tern ati on al stan d ard i s to be con stru ed as g ran ti n g an y ri g h t, by i m pl i cati on or oth - and storage of corrosive fuids in oilfeld
erwi se, to m an u factu re, sel l , or u se i n con n ection wi th an y m eth od , apparatu s, or
operations. It also details various factors
prod u ct covered by Letters Paten t, or as i n d em n i fyi n g or protecti n g an yon e ag ai n st
required to obtain a satisfactory coating,
-
including production equipment design
l i abi l ity for i n fri n g em en t of Letters Paten t. Th i s stan d ard represen ts m i n i m u m re
and fabrication considerations, surface
q u i rem en ts an d sh ou l d i n n o way be i n terpreted as a restri cti on on th e u se of better
preparation, coating application, and in-
proced u res or m ateri al s. N ei th er i s th i s stan d ard i n ten d ed to appl y i n al l cases rel at - spection. This standard is maintained by
in g to th e su bj ect. U n pred i ctabl e ci rcu m stan ces m ay n eg ate th e u sefu l n ess of th is
Task Group 506.
stan d ard i n speci f c i n stan ces. N ACE I n tern ati on al assu m es n o respon si bi l i ty for th e

interpretation or use of this standard by other parties and accepts responsibility for KEYWORDS
on l y th ose off ci al N ACE I n tern ati on al i n terpretati on s i ssu ed by N ACE I n tern ati on al
Nonmetallics, internal coatings
in accordance with its governing procedures and policies which preclude the issu-
an ce of i n terpretati on s by i n d i vi d u al vol u n teers.

U sers of th i s N ACE I n tern ati on al stan d ard are respon si bl e for revi ewi n g appropri ate

h eal th , safety, en vi ron m en tal , an d reg u l atory d ocu m en ts an d for d eterm i n i n g th ei r

appl i cabi l i ty i n rel ati on to th i s stan d ard pri or to its u se. Th i s N ACE I n tern ati on al stan -
d ard m ay n ot n ecessari l y ad d ress al l poten tial h eal th an d safety probl em s or en vi -
ron m en tal h azard s associ ated wi th th e u se of m ateri al s, eq u i pm en t, an d /or opera -

ti on s d etai l ed or referred to wi th i n th i s stan d ard . U sers of th i s N ACE I n tern ati on al

stan d ard are al so respon si bl e for establ i sh i n g appropri ate h eal th , safety, an d en vi -
ron m en tal protecti on practi ces, i n con su l tati on wi th appropri ate reg u l atory au th ori -
ti es i f n ecessary, to ach i eve com pl i an ce wi th an y exi sti n g appl i cabl e reg u l atory re -

q u i rem en ts pri or to th e u se of th i s stan d ard .

CAU TI ON ARY N OTI CE: N ACE I n tern ati on al stan d ard s are su bj ect to peri od i c re -
view, an d m ay be revi sed or wi th d rawn at an y ti m e wi th ou t pri or n oti ce. N ACE I n ter -
n ati on al req u i res th at acti on be taken to reaff rm , revi se, or wi th d raw th i s stan d ard n o

l ater th an f ve years from th e d ate of i n i ti al pu bl i cati on . Th e u ser i s cau ti on ed to ob -

tai n th e l atest ed i ti on . Pu rch asers of N ACE I n tern ati on al stan d ard s m ay recei ve cu r -
ren t i n form ati on on al l stan d ard s an d oth er N ACE I n tern ati on al pu bl i cati on s by con -

tacti n g th e N ACE I n tern ati on al Fi rstServi ce Departm en t, 1 5835 Park Ten Pl ace,

H ou ston , Texas 77084, tel eph on e +1 (281 ) 228-6223.

©201 9 NACE International, 1 5835 Park Ten Place, Suite 200, Houston TX 77084, USA. All rights reserved. Reproduction,
republication or redistribution of this standard in any form without the express written permission of the publisher is
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ISBN 1 -57590-040-8
(phone) 281 -228-6223 for reprints of this standard. ©201 9, NACE International
Foreword

Th i s s ta n d a rd p ra cti ce p ro vi d e s g u i d el i n es fo r o b ta i n i n g an e ffe cti ve i n te rn a l co a ti n g o r co rro s i o n b a rri e r to p ro te ct a g a i n s t g e n -

eral or pi tti n g corrosi on of prod u cti on eq u i pm en t com m on l y u sed i n oi l f el d operati on s at atmosph eri c an d el evated pressu res.

Th i s stan d ard i s n ot appl i cabl e to th e i n tern al or extern al coati n g of tu bi n g , casi n g , l i n e pi pe, or oth er tu bu l ar g ood s. Th i s stan -

d ard i s i n ten d ed for en d u sers, appl i cators, an d m an u factu rers.

Th i s stan d ard d etai l s vari ou s factors req u i red to obtai n a sati sfactory coati n g , i n cl u d in g prod u cti on eq u i pm en t d esi g n an d fabri -

cati on con si d erati on s, su rface preparati on , coati n g appl i cati on , an d i n specti on .

Determ i n ati on of th e n eed for coati n g , sel ection of porti on s of th e prod u cti on eq u ipm en t to be coated , an d sel ecti on of a coati n g

are ou tsi d e th e scope of th i s stan d ard . Th ese d eci si on s m u st be based on th e u ser’s experi en ce, kn owl ed g e of th e system

con d i ti on s, proj ect econ om i cs, an d en vi ron men tal an d safety con si d erati on s. Becau se n u m erou s excel l en t coati n g s are avail -

abl e, n o attem pt was m ad e to l i st al l of th e coati n g s su i tabl e for th i s servi ce.

Th i s stan d ard was ori g i n al l y prepared i n 1 981 by Task Grou p T-1 G-20, a com pon en t of form er U n i t Com m i ttee T-1 G on Protec-

ti ve Coati n g s an d N on m etal l i c M ateri al s for Oil f el d U se, to repl ace form er N ACE Stan d ard RP0372. I t was revi sed i n 1 994 by

T-1 G-20, an d i n 2006 by Task Grou p (TG) 087, “STG 33 Stan d ard s an d Tech n i cal Com m i ttee Reports: Revi si on , Reaff rm ati on ,

or Wi th d rawal . ” I t was revi sed i n 201 9 by TG 506, “Revi ew of N ACE SP01 81 -2006 (form erl y RP01 81 ). ” TG 506 is ad m i n i stered

by Speci f c Tech n ol og y Grou p (STG) 33, “Oi l an d Gas Prod u ction —N on m etal l i cs an d Wear Coati n g s (M etal l i c), ” an d spon sored

by STG 03, “Coati n g s an d Li n i n g s, Protecti ve: I m m ersi on an d Bu ri ed Servi ce. ” Th i s stan d ard i s i ssu ed by N ACE u n d er th e

au spi ces of STG 33.

I n N ACE stan d ard s, th e term s shall, must, should, may are u sed i n accord an ce wi th th e d e f n i ti on s of th ese term s i n
an d

th e N ACE Pu bl i cati on s Styl e M an u al . Th e term s shall must are u sed to state a req u i rem en t, an d are con si d ered
an d

m an d atory. Th e term should i s u sed to state som eth i n g g ood an d i s recom m en d ed , bu t i s n ot con si d ered m an d atory. Th e
term may i s u sed to state som eth i n g con si d ered opti on al .

2 SP01 81 -201 9 NACE International ©201 9 NACE International, 1 5835 Park Ten Place, Suite 200, Houston TX 77084, USA. All rights reserved.
Reproduction, republication or redistribution of this standard in any form without the express written per-
mission of the publisher is prohibited. Contact NACE International by means of our website www.nace.org,
email FirstService@nace.org, or (phone) 281 -228-6223 for reprints of this standard.
 NACE International Standard Practice (SP01 81 -201 9)

Liquid-Applied Internal Protective Coatings

for Oi l f el d Prod u cti on Eq u i pm en t
1. Gen eral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

2. De f n i ti on s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

3. Prod u cti on Eq u i pm en t Desi g n an d Fabri cati on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

4. Coati n g Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

5. Su rface Preparati on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

6. Appl i cati on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

7. I n specti on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

8. Cath od i c Protecti on (CP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 0

9. Laboratory an d Fi el d Testi n g . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 0

1 0. M on i tori n g , Record s, an d M ai n ten an ce . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1

11 . Safety Gu i d el i n es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1

Referen ces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2

Appen d i x A: Pl aci n g Cau l ki n g , Pu tty, or Fi l l er—M an d atory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 3

Appen d i x B: Speci al Su rface Preparati on for Bol ted Tan ks—M an d atory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 4

Appen d i x C: I n specti on Report on Prod u cti on Eq u i pm en t—M an d atory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 5

Appen d i x D: Rei n specti on Report: I n tern al Coati n g on Prod u cti on Eq u i pm en t (After Peri od of Servi ce)—M an d atory . . . . 1 7

©201 9 NACE International, 1 5835 Park Ten Place, Suite 200, Houston TX 77084, USA. All rights reserved.
Reproduction, republication or redistribution of this standard in any form without the express written permis-
NACE International SP01 81 -201 9 3
sion of the publisher is prohibited. Contact NACE International by means of our website www.nace.org, email
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Section 1 : General
1 .1 I n tro d u cti o n

1 .1 .1 Th i s stan d ard presen ts proced u res for appl yi n g l i q u i d coati n g s to th e i n teri or of vari ou s types of oi l f el d prod u c-
ti on eq u i pm en t u sed pri m ari l y for th e processi n g an d storag e of corrosi ve fuids i n oi l f el d operati on s.

1 .1 .2 Th e area of prod u cti on eq u i pm en t to be coated m ay ei th er be th e en ti re i n teri or su rface area or on l y th ose

areas wh ere corrosi on i s a con cern .

Section 2: Defnitions
Coati n g : (1 ) a l i q u i d , l i q u e f abl e, or m asti c com posi ti on th at, after appl i cati on to a su rface, i s con verted i n to a sol i d protecti ve,
d ecorati ve, or fu n cti on al ad h eren t flm. (2) (i n a m ore g en eral sen se) a th i n l ayer of sol i d m ateri al on a su rface th at provi d es
im proved protecti ve, d ecorati ve, or fu n cti on al properti es.

Prod u cti on Eq u i pm en t: Al l atm osph eri c an d pressu ri zed m etal tan ks an d vessel s u sed i n oi l f el d operation s, i n cl u d in g , bu t n ot
l i m i ted to, oi l an d water storag e tan ks, separators/treaters, an d d eaerati on towers. Th i s d oes n ot i n cl u d e tu bi n g , casi n g , pi pe -
l i n es, or oth er tu bu l ar g ood s.

Section 3: Production Equipment Design and Fabrication

3.1 Wel d ed tan ks are preferred over bol ted tan ks becau se com pl ete coati n g coverag e i s easi er to obtai n on wel d ed j oi n ts
th an on bol ted ch an n el s an d g asketed j oi n ts.

3.2 Prod u cti on eq u i pm en t sh ou l d be d esi g n ed an d fabri cated to al l ow easy access for su rface preparati on an d coati n g of
1 -5
in tern al su rfaces th at req u i re a coati n g for corrosi on protecti on . I t i s e s s e n ti a l th a t th e s e s u rfa ce s re ce i ve th e re q u i re d

su rface preparati on an d u n i form coati n g .

3.2.1 Th e sh el l of prod u cti on eq u i pm en t sh al l be d esi g n ed to faci l i tate g ri n d i n g , bl asti n g , an d coati n g . Al l i n l et d e f ec-

tor pl ates, ag i tators, an ti -swi rl baff es, g au g i n g d evi ces, n ozzl es, i n tern al pi pi n g , an d oth er i n tern al su rfaces as
speci f ed by th e pu rch aser sh al l be rem ovabl e an d /or d esi g n ed to faci l i tate g ri n d i n g , bl asti n g , an d coatin g . Al l
i n tern al carbon steel pipe sh ou l d be rem ovabl e an d d esi g n ed for ease of cl ean i n g an d coati n g . N ozzl es of
com bi n ed l en g th an d d i am eter wh ere i t i s n ot possi bl e to carry ou t n orm al appl i cati on an d i n specti on to th e
sam e q u al i ty as th e rem i n d er of th e vessel su rface sh al l be recon f g u red wh erever possi bl e or m an u factu red
from a su i tabl e corrosi on resi stan t al l oy. Gu i d an ce for term i n ati n g th e coati n g on to th e corrosi on resi stan t al -
l oy or overcoati n g of i t sh al l be provi d ed by th e coatin g ven d or.

3.2.2 M an ways sh al l be i n stal l ed to provi d e ad eq u ate ven ti l ati on an d access to al l in teri or areas for g ri n d i n g , bl ast-
i n g , an d coati n g . For easy access, m an ways sh ou l d be 500 m m (20 i n ) i n d i am eter or l arg er.

3.2.3 To preven t g al van i c corrosi on of carbon steel eq u i pm en t, an y corrosion -resi stan t al l oy (CRA) i n tern al s sh ou l d
as a preferen ce be el ectri cal l y i sol ated from th e carbon steel . Wh en th i s i s i m practi cal , coati n g of th e carbon
steel sh al l be exten d ed on to th e CRA to i sol ate th e i n terface from th e corrosi ve m ed i u m . Wh en practi cal , th is
sh ou l d be for a m i n i m u m d i stan ce of 50 m m (2 i n ).

3.2.4 Al l attach m en ts to th e i n tern al su rface of th e prod u cti on eq u i pm en t sh al l be con ti n u ou sl y wel d ed to preven t

an y voi d s or appen d ag es th at can n ot be properl y cl ean ed an d coated . Al l su rfaces to be coated m u st be ac-
cessi bl e by appl i cator an d eq u i pm en t.

3.2.5 For coati n g s wi th a th i ckn ess of 250 µ m (1 0 m i l ) or l ess, wel d s sh al l be g rou n d to a sm ooth con tou r with al l
d efects repai red or rem oved i n accord an ce wi th N ACE SP01 78 Wel d Preparati on Desi g n ati on C or better.
Sh arp wave crests, sl ag pi ts, an d sl ag sh al l be g rou n d away, l eavi n g a sm ooth , rou n d ed base for th e coati n g ;
th i s d oes n ot req u i re g ri n d i n g f u sh to th e pl ate.

3.2.6 For coati n g s wi th a th i ckn ess g reater th an 250 µ m (1 0 m i l ) bu t n ot exceed i n g 1 , 000 µ m (40 m i l ), wel d s sh al l
be g rou n d sm ooth an d bl en d ed i n accord an ce with N ACE SP01 78 Wel d Preparati on Desi g n ati on D or better.
Wel d spatter sh al l be rem oved an d wel d s sh al l be g rou n d sm ooth an d bl en d ed i n to th e pl ate su rfaces.

4 SP01 81 -201 9 NACE International ©201 9 NACE International, 1 5835 Park Ten Place, Suite 200, Houston TX 77084, USA. All rights reserved.
Reproduction, republication or redistribution of this standard in any form without the express written per-
mission of the publisher is prohibited. Contact NACE International by means of our website www.nace.org,
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 3.2.7 For coati n g s wi th a th i ckn ess g reater th an 1 , 000 µ m (40 m i l ), wel d s sh al l be m i n i m al l y g rou n d i n accord an ce
wi th N ACE SP01 78 Wel d Preparati on Desi g n ati on E or better. Sh arp proj ecti on s on th e wel d bead , sl ag , an d
wel d spatter sh al l be rem oved .

3.2.8 Al l sh arp ed g es th at are to be coated , i n cl u d i n g th ose on bol t h ol es, sh al l be rou n d ed by g ri n d i n g to a sm ooth

con tou r rad i u s. Ed g es or proj ecti on s sh al l n ot be h amm ered .

3.3 Wel d ed tan ks sh ou l d be i n spected to en su re th ey m eet th e d esi g n cri teri a of Parag raph 3. 2.

3.4 H yd rotesti n g an d stress rel i evi n g , i f req u i red , sh ou l d be d on e pri or to th e appl i cati on of an y coati n g .

Section 4: Coating Types

4.1 M an y coati n g s are cu rren tl y avai l abl e i n th e i n d u stry an d n ew coati n g s are con ti n u al l y bei n g i n trod u ced .
6
Sel ecti on of
a coati n g system for a speci f c appl i cati on i s beyon d th e scope of th i s stan d ard . H owever, for proper coatin g sel ecti on ,
th e fol l owi n g param eters sh ou l d be con si d ered by th e u ser:

a) Fl u id com posi ti on an d con cen trati on of g as, oi l , water, an d ad d i ti ves su ch as bi oci d es sh ou l d be con si d ered .

b) I n ten d ed servi ce l i fe an d servi ce operati n g con d i ti on s, i n cl u d i n g tem peratu re, pH , pressu re, an d vel oci ty
sh ou l d be con si d ered . M axi m u m , m i n i m u m , an d cycl i n g tem peratu res an d pressu res th e prod u cti on eq u i p -
m en t i s l i kel y to be su bj ected to d u ri n g servi ce l i fe sh ou l d be con si d ered . Th e abrasi on poten ti al an d ag i tati on
of carg o sh ou l d be con si d ered .

c) Cath od i c protecti on (CP) sh ou l d be con si d ered i n con j u n cti on wi th coati n g s. H owever, appl yi n g excessi ve
vol tag e can cau se l oss of coati n g ad h esi on to steel .

d) M etal l u rg y of th e prod u cti on eq u i pm en t or i n tern al com pon en ts su ch as g al van i zi n g , zi n c, or stai n l ess steel
sh ou l d be con si d ered .

e) Th e con d i ti on of th e tan k or vessel to be l i n ed sh ou l d be con si d ered . Th e d eg ree of corrosi on of an exi sti n g

tan k or vessel bei n g reh abil i tated n eed s to be con si d ered for proper coati n g sel ecti on .

f) Ambi en t tem peratu re an d h u m i d i ty at th e ti m e th e coati n g i s appl i ed sh ou l d be con si d ered .

g) Accessi bi l i ty of th e area, cost, l i fe cycl e cost, ti m e d u rati on , l ocati on , an d m ateri al avai l abi l i ty shou l d be con -
si d ered .

h) Th e sel ected pri m er sh ou l d be com pati bl e wi th su bseq u en t coats. Each coat of th e coati n g system sh ou l d be
com pati bl e wi th th e previ ou s coat.

i) Ph ysi cal abu se, e. g . , m an u al cl ean i n g or i n specti on of th e prod u cti on eq u i pm en t d u ri n g service l i fe, etc. ,
sh ou l d be con si d ered .

4.2 Fed eral , state, l ocal , an d faci l i ty h eal th an d safety i ssu es sh al l be con si d ered wh en sel ecti n g coati n g system s.

4.3 A parti al l i sti n g of coati n g s i n u se for corrosi on con trol i n oi l an d g as prod u cti on eq u i pm en t i s presen ted i n Tabl e 1 .
Becau se n o on e coati n g i s su i tabl e for al l en vi ron m en ts, an d becau se resi n s based on si m i l ar g en eri c types h ave been
proven to h ave d i fferen t perform an ce ch aracteri sti cs, coatin g sel ecti on sh ou l d be based on rel evan t l aboratory d ata an d
past f el d perform an ce.

4.4 Th ere are several sh op-appl i ed powd er coati n g s th at can al so be u sed i n prod u cti on eq u i pm en t.

©201 9 NACE International, 1 5835 Park Ten Place, Suite 200, Houston TX 77084, USA. All rights reserved.
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 Table 1 : Partial Listing o f Coatings Used in Oil and Gas Production Equipment
Coating Material Generic Type Total Dry Film Thickness Range
Zi n c Si l icates 50 to 75 µ m (2 to 3 m i l )

Fl u oropol ym ers 50 to 1 25 µ m (2 to 5 m i l )

Baked Epoxy-M od i f ed Ph en ol i cs 1 25 to 200 µ m (5 to 8 m i l )

Baked Th i n -Fi l m Ph en ol i cs 1 25 to 200 µ m (5 to 8 m i l )

Catal yzed /Baked U reth an es 1 25 to 225 µ m (5 to 9 m i l )

Epoxy Am i n es 250 to 375 µ m (1 0 to 1 5 m i l )

Catal yzed Epoxy-M od i f ed Ph en ol i cs 250 to 375 µ m (1 0 to 1 5 m i l )

Epoxy N ovol acs 250 to 375 µ m (1 0 to 1 5 m i l )

Epoxy Pol yam i d es 250 to 375 µ m (1 0 to 1 5 m i l )

Coal Tar Epoxi es 250 to 500 µ m (1 0 to 20 m i l )

Fl ake-Fil l ed Epoxi es 750 to 1 , 000 µ m (30 to 40 mi l )

Fl ake-Fil l ed Pol yesters 750 to 1 , 000 µ m (30 to 40 mi l )

Fl ake-Fil l ed Vi n yl Esters 750 to 1 , 000 µ m (30 to 40 mi l )

Pol ycycl am i d e Cu red N ovol ac Epoxi es 750 to 1 , 000 µ m (30 to 40 mi l )

Fi berg l ass-Rei n forced Epoxi es 1 , 000 to 3, 000 µ m (40 to 1 20 m i l )

Fi berg l ass-Rei n forced Pol yesters 1 , 000 to 3, 000 µ m (40 to 1 20 m i l )

Fi berg l ass-Rei n forced Vi n yl Esters 1 , 000 to 3, 000 µ m (40 to 1 20 m i l )

Pol yvi n yl i d en e Fl u orid es 500 to 1 , 500 µ m (20 to 60 mi l )

Section 5: Surface Preparation

5.1 Prior to su rface preparation an d i f d esi g n al l ows, n ewl y bol ted storag e tan ks th at are to be coated before bei n g pl aced
in servi ce sh ou l d be f l l ed wi th fresh water to ch eck for l eaks, an d al l ch i m es expan d ed (bottom -to-sh el l corn er) to f n al
posi ti on . N ecessary repai rs sh al l be compl eted an d th e tan k d ri ed before su rface preparati on beg i n s.

5.2 Wel d areas an d ed g es sh al l be treated as d escri bed i n Parag raph s 3. 2. 5, 3. 2. 6, an d 3. 2. 7 pri or to bl asti n g to provi d e a
su i tabl e su rface for coati n g . Su rfaces th at are n ot to be coated , su ch as th read s, m etal -to-m etal seal s, etc. , sh al l be
masked or oth erwi se appropri atel y protected .

5.3 Su rface i rreg u l ari ti es th at can n ot be ad eq u atel y g rou n d sh al l be corrected by ei th er wel d i n g or cau l ki n g . Wh en wel d i n g
can be u sed , i t i s preferred over cau l ki n g . Su ch su rface i rreg u l ari ti es i n cl u d e th e bottom-to-sh el l corn er (ch i m e), l arg e
proj ecti on s, th i ck pl ate ed g es, etc. Th e area to be cau l ked sh al l be f l l ed an d sh aped wi th com pati bl e cau l k, pu tty, or
f l l er th at bon d s to steel an d provi d es a su i tabl e su rface for th e coati n g . Th e pu tty sh al l be com pati bl e wi th th e coati n g
materi al , an d th e fuid th e prod u cti on eq u i pm en t i s to con tai n . Th e u se of cau l k, pu tty, or f l l er sh ou l d be kept to th e
mi n i m u m am ou n t req u i red to obtai n an acceptabl e con tou r, d epen d i n g on th e appl i ed coati n g th i ckn ess an d wel d con -
to u r (see Appendix A [mandatory]) . I f th e cau l k i s appl i ed too th i ck, i t can cau se th e coati n g to crack or spal l off th e

su bstrate. Cau l ki n g sh ou l d n ot be u sed wi th h i g h -bake coati n g system s.

5.4 Prod u cti on eq u i pm en t previ ou sl y u sed i n sal t water or bri n e servi ce m ay con tai n ch l ori d e con tam i n ati on . Coati n g over
ch l ori d e-con tam i n ated steel m ay cau se bl i steri n g an d su bseq u en t prem atu re fai l u re. Eval u ati on for ch l ori d es sh ou l d be
u n d ertaken before l i n i n g u sed prod u cti on eq u i pm en t. Wet abrasi ve bl asti n g rem oves sol u bl e ch l ori d es. I n sol u bl e ch l o -
ri d es u su al l y req u i re ch em i cal treatm en t for rem oval . A sod i u m bi carbon ate (N aH CO ) wash h as been u sed for ch l ori d e
3

removal , fol l owed by h i g h -pressu re waterj etti n g . Th ere are al so several propri etary speci al ty ch em i cal form u l ati on s
avai l abl e for ch l ori d e rem oval . After ch l ori d e rem oval , a f n al d ry bl asti n g i s req u i red pri or to th e coati n g appl i cati on . Th e
u se of ch em i cal s sh ou l d n ot l eave a flm on th e su bstrate an d sh ou l d be approved by th e coatin g s m an u factu rer.

5.5 Before bl astin g, oil, tar, grease, etc. , shal l be removed from the area to be coated. Any surface to be coated shoul d be
checked with u ltraviolet light to determine whether the oils, tars, and greases have been removed. Washin g with high-pres -
sure detergent water and steam clean ing are the most effective methods of accomplishing complete hydrocarbon removal
in the f eld. I n some cases, solvent cleaning in accordan ce with SSPC
(1 )
-SP 1
8
can be used effectively and safely.
9
P ri or

to appl ication of shop-applied coatin gs, baking at 400 ± 25 °C (750 ± 50 °F) for 4 to 8 h may be an effective method of
hydrocarbon removal. Some alloy steels are embrittl ed by this oil-removal techniq ue, incl udin g ferritic an d d uplex stainless
steels an d certain high-strength carbon or low-alloy steels, if used in the qu enched and tempered con dition.

(1 )
Th e Soci e ty for Protecti ve Coa ti n g s (S S PC) , 40 2 4th S treet, 6 th Fl oor, Pi ttsb u rg h , PA 1 5 2 2 2 -46 5 6 .

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Reproduction, republication or redistribution of this standard in any form without the express written per-
mission of the publisher is prohibited. Contact NACE International by means of our website www.nace.org,
email FirstService@nace.org, or (phone) 281 -228-6223 for reprints of this standard.
5.6 Su rfaces to be coated sh al l be d ry pri or to abrasi ve bl asti n g . Dry abrasi ve bl asti n g sh al l n ot be perform ed wh en th e
metal su rface temperatu re i s l ess th an 3 ° C (5 ° F) above th e d ew poi n t. Th e appl i cator sh al l m easu re th e m etal su rface
tem peratu re an d rel ative h u m i d i ty, an d d eterm i n e th e d ew poi n t a m i n i m u m of on ce every 4 h . Wh en th e rel ati ve h u m i d -
ity i n th e bl ast area i s g reater th an 85%, th e appl i cator sh al l m easu re th e m etal su rface tem peratu re an d rel ati ve h u m i d -
ity, an d d eterm in e th e d ew poi n t a m i n i m u m of on ce every h ou r. Du ri n g peri od s of h i g h h u m i d i ty or l ow am bi en t tem -
peratu re, th e en vi ron m en t i n si d e th e prod u cti on eq u i pm en t can be con trol l ed wi th h eaters an d d eh u m i d i f cati on
eq u i pm en t.

5.7 Th e su rfaces of bol ted tan ks sh ou l d be cl ean ed an d bl asted as speci f ed i n Appen d i x B (m an d atory).

5.8 Compressed ai r u sed for bl asti n g sh al l be free of water an d oi l con tam i n ati on . Th e appl i cator sh al l ch eck th e ai r system
(2) 1 0, 1 1
for con tam i n an ts wi th a cl ean wh i te cl oth or bl otter a m i n i m u m of on ce every 4 h in accord an ce wi th ASTM D4285.

5.9 Abrasi ves sh ou l d be ch ecked for oi l con tam i n ati on th rou g h a vi al test su ch as ASTM D7393.
1 2, 1 3

5.1 0 Th e coati n g m an u factu rer’s recom m en d ati on s for su rface preparati on an d su rface pro f l e sh al l be fol l owed . U n l ess
speci f ed oth erwi se, th e su rface sh al l be wh i te m etal bl ast cl ean ed i n accord an ce wi th N ACE N o. 1 /SSPC-SP 5. Appro -
priatel y g rad ed abrasi ve m aterial s th at prod u ce th e n ecessary su rface pro f l e for th e coati n g m ateri al to be appl i ed sh al l
be u sed . Th e su rface pro f l e req u ired for coati n g s g en eral l y i n creases wi th coati n g th ickn ess. Th e su rface pro f l e sh ou l d
be l ess th an th e d ry- f l m th i ckn ess of th e appl i ed pri m er. Tabl e 2 sh ou l d be u sed as a g u i d e for d eterm i n i n g th e su rface
pro f l e on m i l d steel i f i t i s n ot speci f ed by th e coati n g m an u factu rer. For h i g h -tem peratu re servi ce or wh en coati n g is
u sed i n con j u n cti on wi th CP, a h i g h er a su rface pro f l e m ay be ben e f ci al .

Table 2: Relationship Between Coating Thickness and Surface Profle

Dry Film Thickness of Coating Surface Profle
1 25 to 200 µ m (5 to 8 m i l ) 25 to 50 µ m (1 to 2 m i l )

200 to 500 µ m (8 to 20 m i l ) 50 to 75 µ m (2 to 3 m i l )

500 µ m or m ore (20 m i l or m ore) 75 to 1 25 µ m (3 to 5 m i l )

5.11 Wh en water cl ean i n g or wet abrasi ve bl asti n g i s u sed , i t sh al l be fol l owed by cl ean water ri n sin g . Water u sed sh ou l d be
cl ean an d free of con tam i n an ts th at m ay preven t th e su rface from ach i evi n g th e speci f ed d eg ree of cl ean l i n ess.

NOTE: Wet abrasi ve bl asti n g can repl ace d ry abrasi ve bl asti n g . I f water cl ean i n g or wet abrasi ve bl asti n g is u sed , th e
maxim u m perm i ssi bl e l evel of f ash ru st m ay be d e f n ed as per th e recom m en d ati on of th e l i n i n g system m an -
u factu rer or as fol l ows:

• No f ash ru st: A carbon steel su rface th at, wh en vi ewed wi th ou t m ag n i f cati on , exh i bi ts n o vi si bl e f ash ru st.

• Li g h t (L) f ash ru sted su rface: A carbon steel su rface th at, wh en vi ewed wi th ou t m ag n i f cati on , exh i bi ts sm al l
q u an ti ti es of a ru st l ayer th rou g h wh ich th e carbon steel su bstrate m ay be observed . Th e ru st or d i scol orati on
may be even l y d i stri bu ted or presen t i n patch es, bu t i t i s ti g h tl y ad h eren t an d n ot easi l y removed by l i g h tl y
wi pin g wi th a cl oth .

5.1 2 I f fu rth er d i scol orati on of th e m etal occu rs pri or to th e coati n g appl i cati on , th e su rface sh al l be rebl asted to ach i eve th e
speci f ed d eg ree of su rface preparati on .

5.1 3 Al l abrasi ves, d u st, etc. , sh al l be rem oved from su rfaces by bru sh in g , bl owi n g off wi th cl ean d ry ai r, or vacu u m i n g im -
med i atel y pri or to coati n g appl icati on . A cl oth sh ou l d n ot be u sed to wi pe bl asted su rfaces becau se of th e possi bi l i ty of
d eposi ti n g l i n t on an oth erwi se cl ean su rface.

5.1 4 I n specti on of th e Bl asted Su rface

5.1 4.1 Th e su rface to be coated sh al l be exam i n ed to en su re th at i t i s cl ean an d free of con tam i n ati on (forei g n m atter)
su ch as oi l , g rease, tar, bl ast abrasi ve, etc. Th e su rface sh ou l d be ch ecked by th e appl icator for sol u bl e sal ts
wi th an accepted test ki t. Th e n on -vi si bl e sal t con tam i n ati on l i m it sh al l be as per th e recom men d ati on of th e
l i n in g system m an u factu rer or sh al l be a maxim u m of 20 m g /m
2 2
(0. 5 µ oz/i n ). Th e test i s perform ed after f n al
abrasi ve bl ast an d pri or to coatin g appl i cation . Con tam i n an ts or sal t exceed i n g th e m axi m u m al l owabl e l i m i t
sh al l be rem oved i n accord an ce wi th Parag raph 5. 4 an d th e su rface rebl asted .

5.1 4.2 Th e su rface to be coated sh al l be i n spected by th e appl i cator to veri fy th at th e speci f ed su rface preparati on
l evel h as been ach i eved . Vi su al com parators, su ch as SSPC-VI S 1 , may be u sed to m ake th i s d eterm i n ati on .
Th e su rface pro f l e sh al l be veri f ed by th e appl i cator every 20 m
2 2
(200 ft ) u si n g appropri ate vi su al com para -
14
tors or by th e repl i ca tape m eth od i n accord an ce wi th N ACE SP0288.

(2 )
ASTM I n tern a ti on a l (ASTM ), 1 00 Ba rr H a rbor D r. , We st Con sh oh ocken , PA 1 9 42 8-2 9 5 9 .

©201 9 NACE International, 1 5835 Park Ten Place, Suite 200, Houston TX 77084, USA. All rights reserved.
Reproduction, republication or redistribution of this standard in any form without the express written permis-
NACE International SP01 81 -201 9 7
sion of the publisher is prohibited. Contact NACE International by means of our website www.nace.org, email
FirstService@nace.org, or (phone) 281 -228-6223 for reprints of this standard.
 5.1 4.3 Th e m etal su rface to be coated sh al l be vi su al l y i n spected by th e appl i cator to en su re th at al l d i scon ti n u i ti es,
in cl u d i n g m etal d efects (sl ivers, l aps, etc. ) d etri m en tal to coati n g perform an ce h ave been rem oved an d th at al l
su rface i rreg u l ari ti es h ave been g rou n d smooth or properl y cau l ked . Wel d s sh al l be i n spected by th e appl i ca -
tor to en su re th ey m eet th e d esi g n cri teri a of Parag raph s 3. 2. 5, 3. 2. 6, an d 3. 2. 7.

5.1 5 Safety Precau ti on s d u ri n g Bl asti n g

5.1 5.1 Wh en bl asti n g i n a con f n ed space, al l bl ast n ozzl es sh al l be eq u i pped wi th rem ote (“d ead m an ”) con trol s for
au tom ati c sh u toff in case th e operator d rops th e n ozzl e. Th e con trol s sh al l n ot be bypassed wi th tape or oth er
mean s.

5.1 5.2 Posi ti ve pressu re h el m ets an d g og g l es sh al l be worn by bl asters d u ri n g bl asti n g of prod u cti on eq u i pm en t.

5.1 5.3 Forced -ai r ven ti l ati on sh al l be provi d ed i n si d e th e prod u cti on eq u i pm en t to preven t oxyg en d epl eti on .

5.1 5.4 Al l appl i cabl e reg u l ati on s sh al l be fol l owed .

5.1 6 Prod u cti on eq u i pm en t previ ou sl y u sed i n h yd rog en su l f d e (H S) servi ce can be d i ff cu l t to coat becau se of su l f d e con -
2

tam i n ati on . Wet or d ry abrasi ve bl asti n g rem oves m ost corrosi on prod u cts, i n cl u d i n g su l f d es; h owever, su l f d e corro -
si on of carbon steel often occu rs as pi tti n g . Dry abrasi ve bl astin g m ay n ot rem ove al l of th e i ron su l f d e from th e bottom
of corrosi on pi ts. Wet abrasi ve bl asti n g i s m ore effecti ve th an d ry abrasi ve bl asti n g , bu t com pl ete rem oval of su l f d e m ay
n ot be ach i eved . After bl ast cl ean i n g , con tam i n ated su rfaces m ay be wash ed wi th d i l u te aci d to rem ove su l f d e. Aci d
treatm en t rem oves su l f d e from th e su rface by vol ati l i zati on of H S g as.
2
SAFETY NOTE: Fol l ow precau ti on s wh en H S
2

i s l i berated , as th e g as i s h i g h l y toxi c. Ven ti l ati on sh ou l d be reviewed , as H S g as i s h eavi er th an ai r an d th u s settl es at

2

th e bottom of en cl osed spaces. Su l f d e rem oval m eth od s th at h ave proved u sefu l i n cl u d e:

a) Dry abrasi ve bl ast cl ean in g i n accord an ce wi th N ACE N o. 1 /SSPC-SP 5 fol l owed by a 1 0 to 1 5% h yd roch l ori c
aci d wash , fresh water ri n se u n ti l n eu tral pH i s ach ieved , d ry, an d a f n al d ry abrasi ve bl ast cl ean i n g i n accor-
d an ce wi th N ACE N o. 1 /SSPC-SP 5. Oth er aci d s, su ch as aceti c, ci tri c, an d ph osph ori c aci d s, h ave been u sed
i n pl ace of h yd roch l ori c aci d .

b) Wet abrasi ve bl ast cl ean i n g (abrasi ve pl u s water), d ry, an d a f n al d ry abrasi ve bl ast cl ean i n g i n accord an ce
wi th N ACE N o. 1 /SSPC-SP 5.

c) Steam cl ean i n g (for u p to several d ays) wi th ven ti n g , fresh water wash , d ry, an d a f n al d ry abrasi ve bl ast
cl ean i n g i n accord an ce wi th N ACE N o. 1 /SSPC-SP 5.

Section 6: Application
6.1 Al l su rfaces to be coated m u st be free of moi stu re, oi l , or sol ven t resi d u es. I m m ed i atel y pri or to coati n g appl i cati on , th e
en ti re su rface sh al l com pl y wi th th e d eg ree of cl ean i n g speci f ed .

6.2 Proper storag e, m i xi n g , appl icati on , an d cu ri n g of th e coati n g are essen ti al proced u res. Th e coati n g m an u factu rer’s
recom men d ati on s sh al l be fol l owed .

6.3 Th e tem peratu re of th e steel su rface to be coated an d th e am bi en t con d i ti on s wh i l e coati n g th e steel su rface sh ou l d
con form to th e m an u factu rer’s appl i cati on an d cu ri n g tem peratu re recom m en d ati on s. Typi cal m i n i m u m con d i ti on s for
in tern al coati n g appl i cati on are as fol l ows: Th e steel tem peratu re m u st be m ore th an 3 ° C (5 ° F) above th e d ew poi n t
an d th e rel ati ve h u m i d i ty m u st be l ess th an 85% i m m ed i atel y fol l owi n g bl asti n g an d pri m i n g , d u ri n g l i n i n g appl i cati on ,
an d mu st al so rem ai n i n th i s con d i ti on d u ri n g cu ri n g of th e l i n i n g . H eati n g an d d eh u mi d i f cati on m ay be n ecessary.
Ad h eren ce to th e m an u factu rer’s overcoat ti m es i s i m portan t i n ord er to preven t en trapped sol ven ts i n th e coati n g .

6.4 Coati n g s sh al l be appl ied i n accord an ce wi th th e pai n t m an u factu rer’s recom m en d ati on s, i n cl u d i n g th e appl i cati on of
stri pe coats. Stri pe coats sh al l be appl i ed to areas wh ere i t i s d i ff cu l t to g et th e req u i red coati n g coverag e, i n cl u d i n g bu t
n ot l i m i ted to: pl ate ed g es, wel d s, pi pes, l ad d ers, n ozzl es, an d d i ff cu l t access.

6.5 Stri pe coati n g i s n ecessary to en su re th e speci f ed coati n g th i ckn ess i s ach i eved i n d i ff cu l t-to-reach areas to avoi d
possi bl e prem atu re coati n g fai l u re. Stri pe coati n g i s recom m en d ed i n al l cases. Stri pe coats are u su al l y appl i ed by
bru sh .

6.6 Repai r of d am ag ed or fau l ty coati n g s sh al l fol l ow th e coati n g m an u factu rer’s recom m en d ed repai r proced u res (see
Parag raph 1 0. 3).

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Reproduction, republication or redistribution of this standard in any form without the express written per-
mission of the publisher is prohibited. Contact NACE International by means of our website www.nace.org,
email FirstService@nace.org, or (phone) 281 -228-6223 for reprints of this standard.
Section 7: Inspection
7.1 I n specti on sh al l be con d u cted by th e appl i cator. A u ser or u ser’s represen tati ve h as th e ri g h t to i n spect an d rej ect work
in accord an ce wi th th e con tract or by pri or ag reem en t. Qu al i f ed or certi f ed coati n g i n spectors sh ou l d be u sed for coat-
in g i n specti on s.

7.2 I n specti on ch eck poi n ts sh ou l d be establ i sh ed as fol l ows:

a) Prior to bl ast cl ean i n g .

b) After bl ast cl ean i n g .

c) After each coat i s appl i ed .

d) After f n al coati n g cu re.

e) After th e scaffol d s h ave been rem oved ( f n al com pl eti on i n specti on , i n cl u d i n g d am ag e i n specti on ).

7.3 Th e i n specti on sh ou l d veri fy th at:

a) Prod u cti on eq u i pm en t cl ean i n g an d wel d ed g e g rin d i n g are i n accord an ce wi th N ACE SP0288.

b) Al l su rfaces of n on coated i tem s, su ch as th read s an d m etal -to-m etal seal s, were appropri atel y protected .

c) Req u i rem en ts of Parag raph 5. 1 4 h ave been m et after bl ast cl ean i n g .

d) Th e coati n g i s th e proper m ateri al an d wi th i n i ts expi rati on d ate prior to m i xi n g . Th e m an u factu rer can expl ai n
th e d ate cod e.

e) Th e m i xi n g operati on m eets th e m an u factu rer’s recom m en d ati on s.

f) Req u i rem en ts of Parag raph s 6. 1 , 6. 2, an d 6. 3 h ave been m et pri or to appl i cati on of th e coati n g .

g) Th e proper coati n g th i ckn ess ran g e for each coat i s obtai n ed . Th e appl i cator sh al l ch eck i t wi th wet an d d ry
flm th i ckn ess g au g es every 1 0 m
2 2
(1 00 ft ) or i n accord an ce wi th SSPC-PA 2
15
req u irem en ts.

h) Th ere i s ad eq u ate l i g h ti n g for bl asti n g , coati n g an d vi su al i n specti on operation s.

i) H ol i d ay d etecti on tests are d on e on th e cu red coati n g system to d etect d i scon ti n u i ti es.

j) I f req u i red by th e cu stom er, a cou pon sh al l accom pan y th e part bei n g coated an d ad h esi on tested after coat-
i n g cu re.

7.4 H ol i d ay Detecti on Tests

7.4.1 Th e e n ti re co a ti n g s u rfa ce s h a l l b e h o l i d a y te s te d wi th p a rti cu l a r fo cu s o n we l d s a n d e d g e s a s th e s e a re a s a re

m ore l i kel y to h ave d efects. H ol i d ay d etecti on m ay be com pl eted after i n stal l ation of i n tern al f xtu res as far as
i s reason abl y practi cal to d etect d am ag e cau sed after com pl eti on of coati n g acti vi ti es bu t before en teri n g i n to
service. Th e type of h ol i d ay d etecti on d evi ce u sed can vary based on cu stom er preferen ce, avai l abl e eq u i p -
m en t, total coati n g th i ckn ess, an d type of coati n g u sed . Th e type of h ol i d ay test an d vol tag e recom m en d ed by
th e coati n g m an u factu rer sh al l be u sed , or i f n ei th er i s speci f ed , i n accord an ce wi th N ACE SP01 88.
16
N ACE
SP01 88 provi d es d etai l s on m u l ti pl e m eth od s for perform i n g h ol i d ay testi n g . See Tabl e 3 for recom men d ed
vol tag es for h ig h -vol tag e spark testi n g i n accord an ce wi th N ACE SP01 88 i f th e coati n g m an u factu rer’s i n for-
mati on i s n ot avai l abl e.

7.4.2 Th ere are two com m on types of h ol i d ay d etecti on tests.

15

(a) Low-vol tag e wet-spon g e test.

(b) H i g h -vol tag e spark test—th e vol tag e speci f ed for wet or d ry h i g h -vol tag e spark tests i s g en eral l y
based on a spark l en g th capabl e of bri d g i n g an ai r g ap (at prevai l i n g h u m i d i ty con d i ti on s) of two ti m es
th e coati n g th i ckn ess.

NOTE: Excessi ve vol tag e m ay prod u ce a h ol i d ay i n th e coati n g flm. U n l ess carefu l l y cal i brated , som e h i g h -vol tag e
testers “bu rn th rou g h ” th e coati n g an d req u i re repai r. Al l h ol i d ay-testi n g eq u ipmen t sh ou l d be recal i brated ev-
ery 4 h .

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 7.4.3 Th e l ow-vol tag e h ol i d ay test sh ou l d be u sed on th i n - f l m coati n g s u p to 500 µ m (20 m i l ). A wetti n g ag en t i s
req u i red wh en testi n g in th e 250 to 500 µ m (1 0 to 20 m il ) ran g e. Coati n g sh al l be su ff ci en tl y d ri ed or cu red to
be tested . Spon g e i s u sed for th e test an d i t i s wetted wi th tap water (wh ich m ay con tai n a wetti n g ag en t at 1
fuid oz/g al ). Th e wetti n g ag en t sh ou l d n ot be u sed wh en testi n g between coats, as i t cou l d i n terfere wi th i n ter-
coat ad h esi on .

7.4.4 Th e h i g h vol tag e h ol i d ay test sh ou l d be u sed on coatin g s over 500 µ m (20 m i l ) u n l ess proh ibited by th e coati n g
man u factu rer. On e m eth od of cal i brati n g or ch eckin g a h i g h -vol tag e h ol i d ay d etector for “bu rn th rou g h ” on a
coati n g th at can be repai red i s as fol l ows:

a) A pi n h ol e sh ou l d be m ad e i n th e coati n g an d th e h i g h -vol tag e d etector sh ou l d be passed over th e

h ol i d ay starti n g at th e l owest acceptabl e vol tag e. Th e vol tag e sh ou l d be i n creased u n ti l th e d etector
ri n g s con si sten tl y over th e h ol i d ay.

CAUTION: Th i s type of cal i brati on sh ou l d n ot be u sed on a coati n g th at can n ot be repai red properl y for i m -
mersi on servi ce, i . e. , h i g h -baked coati n g or a fu l l y ch em i cal l y reacted coati n g .

7.5 A coati n g th at d oes n ot pass al l i n specti on s sh al l be repai red or recoated i n accord an ce wi th th i s stan d ard (see Para -
g raph 6. 5).

Table 3: Recommended Voltages for High-Voltage Spark Testing

Total Dry Film Thickness Recommended Inspection Voltage
(µm) (mil) (V)
500 to 1 , 000 20 to 40 3, 000

1 , 000 to 1 , 400 40 to 55 4, 000

1 , 400 to 2, 000 55 to 80 6, 000

2, 000 to 3, 200 80 to 1 25 1 0, 000

3, 200 to 3, 400 1 25 to 1 35 1 5, 000

Section 8: Cathodic Protection (CP)

8.1 CP can be em pl oyed to protect th e bare steel i n si d e prod u cti on eq u i pm en t th at i s con ti n u ou sl y i m m ersed i n an aq u eou s
ph ase. CP m ay be ach i eved wi th g al van i c an od es or wi th recti f er-d ri ven i m pressed cu rren t an od es. An od e type an d
1 7, 1 8
l ocati on i n prod u cti on eq u i pm en t are i m portan t con si d erati on s. CP i s n ot effecti ve i n vapor or bu l k h yd rocarbon
exposu res.

8.2 Wh en prod u cti on eq u i pm en t i s i n tern al l y coated , CP sh ou l d be con si d ered to su ppl em en t th e protecti on afford ed by th e
coati n g . CP can preven t corrosi on of an y steel th at i s exposed at h ol i d ays i n th e coati n g u n l ess th e h ol i d ays are
sh i el d ed i n som e m an n er. Wh en i n tern al CP i s to be em pl oyed , coati n g s th at are com pati bl e wi th CP sh al l be u sed .
Compati bi l i ty of a coatin g to CP can be eval u ated th rou g h cath od ic d i sbon d m en t testi n g su ch as speci f ed i n ASTM
19
G 8.

Section 9: Laboratory and Field Testing

9.1 Stan d ard screen i n g tests su ch as N ACE Stan d ard TM 01 74 m ay be u sed to eval u ate th e perform an ce of a l arg e n u m ber
20
of coati n g s.

9.2 Th e better-perform i n g coati n g s’ l aboratory resu l ts sh ou l d be veri f ed by com pari son wi th th e f el d test resu l ts.

9.3 Sel ecti on of coati n g m ateri al s for speci al i zed servi ce sh ou l d be based on l aboratory tests d u pl i cati n g th e servi ce en vi -
ron m en t as cl osel y as possi bl e.

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Section 1 0: Monitoring, Records, and Maintenance
1 0.1 Coati n g perform an ce sh ou l d be m on itored to d eterm i n e wh i ch coati n g s are g i vi n g th e m ost sati sfactory servi ce. Th is
mon i tori n g sh ou l d i n cl u d e (1 ) an i n i ti al i n specti on , (2) i n specti on s every ti me th e prod u cti on eq u i pm en t i s open ed , an d
(3) coati n g fai l u re h i story.

1 0.2 A d etai l ed record of th e coati n g u sed on al l prod u cti on eq u i pm en t sh ou l d be kept. I f th i s i s n ot feasi bl e, d etai l ed record s
of th e coati n g sh ou l d be kept on a represen tati ve sam pl i n g of prod u ction eq u i pm en t for eval u ati on of th e system s.

1 0.2.1 Th i s d etai l ed record sh ou l d i n cl u d e:

a. Prod u cti on eq u i pm en t l ocati on an d seri al n u m ber or oth er d esi g n ati on .

b. Descri pti on of f u i d s, vapors, an d sol i d s con tai n ed i n th e prod u cti on eq u i pm en t.

c. Worki n g tem peratu re an d pressu re, d epressu ri zati on cycl e, an d an y m od i f cati on to th e system or
prod u cti on eq u i pm en t.

d. Coati n g system u sed an d d ate appl i ed .

e. Coati n g appl i cator an d an y written g u aran tees.

f. Compl ete d etai l s of i n specti on reports, i n cl u d i n g observati on s on cl ean i n g , bl asti n g , coati n g appl i ca -
ti on (th i ckn ess of coati n g an d g en eral appearan ce), an d , i f possi bl e, appl i cator’s forem an or repre -
sen tati ve on th e coatin g j ob.

g. I n specti on form s (sam pl es i n cl u d ed as Appen d i xes C [m an d atory] an d D [m an d atory] ).

1 0.2.2 Wh en feasi bl e, th e fol l owi n g i d en ti f cati on sh al l be sten ci l ed on th e prod u cti on eq u i pm en t exteri or: (1 ) n o
wel d i n g or h ot work, i n tern al coati n g , (2) th e coati n g appl icati on d ate, (3) th e coati n g system u sed , an d (4) th e
appl i cati on con tractor. Th i s ai d s in prod u cti on eq u i pm en t mai n ten an ce.

1 0.3 To exten d th e coati n g an d prod u cti on eq u i pm en t servi ce l i fe, th e coati n g sh ou l d be i n spected , tou ch ed u p, or repai red
as n eed ed wh en th e prod u cti on eq u i pm en t is open ed for cl ean i n g .

1 0.3.1 Th e tou ch u p or repai r of th e coati n g sh al l be in accord an ce wi th th e coati n g m an u factu rer’s recom m en d ati on s
an d m u st be com pati bl e wi th th e ori g i n al coati n g .

1 0.3.2 To obtai n g ood ad h esi on between th e exi sti n g coat an d th e repai r coat, th e su rface of th e d am ag ed coati n g
sh al l be th orou g h l y cl ean ed pri or to tou ch u p or repai r. Th e m an u factu rer sh ou l d be con su l ted for an appropri -
ate repai r proced u re.

1 0.3.3 Repai red an d tou ch ed -u p coati n g areas sh al l be i n spected i n accord an ce wi th Secti on 7.

Section 11 : Safety Guidelines

1 1 .1 Th e i m portan ce of safe worki n g practi ces can n ot be overem ph asi zed . Th e appl i cator m u st be i n form ed abou t th e l i q -
u i d s an d vapors th at were con tai n ed i n th e prod u cti on eq u i pm en t to be coated . Th e appl i cator m u st u se th e cl ean i n g
an d coati n g eq u i pm en t properl y an d store an d h an d l e th e coati n g materi al s properl y.

1 1 .2 Al l n eed ed safety ch ecks sh al l be perform ed to en su re th e prod u cti on eq u i pm en t i s g as-free pri or to en try.

1 1 .3 Al l eq u i pm en t u sed i n si d e th e prod u cti on eq u i pm en t sh al l be spark-proof an d expl osi on -proof. Al l el ectri cal eq u i pm en t

sh al l be properl y g rou n d ed .

1 1 .4 Al l f am m abl e sol ven ts sh al l be rem oved from th e prod u cti on eq u i pm en t an d evaporated ou t of th e coati n g system
before h ol i d ay tests are con d u cted .

1 1 .5 Forced -ai r ven ti l ati on i s req u i red to preven t oxyg en d epl eti on i n si d e prod u cti on eq u i pm en t d u ri n g al l ph ases of i n tern al
protecti ve coati n g appl i cati on . Th e ai r su ppl y sh al l be su ff ci en t to keep th e vapor con ten ts i n si d e th e prod u cti on eq u i p -
men t bel ow 1 0% of th e l ower expl osi ve l i m i t (LEL).

1 1 .6 Ch apter 1 of N ACE Pu bl i cati on TPC 26 fu rn i sh es an excel l en t l i st of g u i d el i n es to fol l ow for th e safe appl i cati on an d
in specti on of coati n g s i n en cl osed eq u i pm en t. I t al so provi d es d etai l ed safety i n form ati on for coati n g appl i cati on .

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1 1 .7 For proper h an d l i n g proced u res, th e coati n g m an u factu rer’s g u i d an ce provi d ed on th e Safety Data Sh eet (SDS) sh al l
be fol l owed .

1 1 .8 Al l appl i cabl e com pan y an d oth er reg u l ati on s an d coati n g m an u factu rer’s recom m en d ati on s sh al l be fol l owed .

1 1 .9 Safety Referen ces

1 1 .9.1 SSPC-PA 3.
21

1 1 .9.2 U . S. Cod e of Fed eral Reg u l ati on s (CFR), Ti tl e 29, Ch apter XVI I , Occu pati on al Safety an d H eal th Ad m i n i stra -
(3)
ti on (OSH A) an d /or oth er eq u i val en t reg u l ati on s an d req u i rem en ts of l ocal g overn m en t an d reg u l atory bod -
22
i es.

1 1 .9.3 API
(4)
Pu bl i cati on 221 7A.
23

Re ferences
1. N ACE SP01 78 (l atest revi si on ), “Desi g n , Fabri cati on , an d Su rface Fi n i sh Practi ces for Tan ks an d Vessel s to Be Li n ed for I m m ersi on
Servi ce” (H ou ston , TX: N ACE).

2. API Speci f cati on 1 2B (l atest revi si on ), “Speci f cati on for Bol ted Tan ks for Storag e of Prod u cti on Li q u i d s” (Wash i n g ton , DC: API ).

3. API Stan d ard 620 (l atest revi si on ), “Desi g n an d Con stru cti on of Larg e, Wel d ed , Low-Pressu re Storag e Tan ks” (Wash i n g ton , DC: API ).

4. API Stan d ard 650 (l atest revi si on ), “Wel d ed Tan ks for Oi l Storag e” (Wash i n g ton , DC: API ).

5. API RP 652 (l atest revi si on ), “Li n i n g of Aboveg rou n d Petrol eu m Storag e Tan k Bottom s” (Wash i n g ton , DC: API ).

6. Coati n g s an d Li n i n g s for I m m ersi on Servi ce, TPC 2, Revi sed Ed i ti on (H ou ston , TX: N ACE, 1 998).

7. N ACE N o. 1 /SSPC-SP 5 (l atest revi si on ), “Wh i te M etal Bl ast Cl ean i n g ” (H ou ston , TX: N ACE, an d Pi ttsbu rg h , PA: SSPC).

8. SSPC-SP 1 (l atest revi si on ), “Sol ven t Cl ean i n g ” (Pi ttsbu rg h , PA: SSPC).

9. API Stan d ard 201 5 (l atest revi si on ), “Req u i rem en ts for Safe En try an d Cl ean i n g of Petrol eu m Storag e Tan ks” (Wash i n g ton , DC: API ).

1 0. SSPC-VI S 1 (l atest revi si on ), “G u i d e an d Referen ce Ph otograph s for Steel Su rfaces Prepared by Dry Abrasi ve Bl ast Cl ean i n g ”
(Pi ttsbu rg h , PA: SSPC).

11 . ASTM D4285 (l atest revi si on ), “Stan d ard Test M eth od for I n d i cati n g Oi l or Water i n Com pressed Ai r” (West Con sh oh ocken , PA: ASTM ).

1 2. N ACE Stan d ard RP0287 (l atest revi si on ), “Fi el d M easu rem en t of Su rface Pro f l e of Abrasi ve Bl ast-Cl ean ed Steel Su rfaces U si n g a
Repl i ca Tape” (H ou ston , TX: N ACE).

1 3. ASTM D7393 (l atest revi si on ) “Stan d ard Practi ce for I n d i cati n g Oi l i n Abrasi ves” (West Con sh oh ocken , PA: ASTM ).

1 4. N ACE SP0288 (l atest revi si on ), “I n specti on of Li n i n g Appl i cati on i n Steel an d Con crete Eq u i pm en t” (H ou ston , TX: N ACE).

1 5. SSPC-PA 2 (latest revision ), “Proced u re for Determi n i n g Con form an ce to Dry Coati n g Thi ckn ess Req u i rem en ts” (Pittsbu rgh, PA: SSPC).

1 6. NACE SP01 88 (latest revision), “Discontinuity (H oliday) Testing of New Protective Coatings on Conductive Substrates” (Houston, TX: NACE).

1 7. N ACE SP0575 (l atest revi si on ), “I n tern al Cath od i c Protecti on (CP) System s i n Oi l -Treati n g Vessel s” (H ou ston , TX: N ACE).

1 8. N ACE SP0388 (l atest revi si on ), “I m pressed Cu rren t Cath od i c Protecti on of I n tern al Su bm erg ed Su rfaces of Carbon Steel Water
Storag e Tan ks” (H ou ston , TX: N ACE).

1 9. ASTM G 8 (l atest revi si on ), “Stan d ard Test M eth od s for Cath od i c Di sbon d i n g of Pi pel i n e Coati n g s” (West Con sh oh ocken , PA: ASTM ).

20. N ACE Stan d ard TM 01 74 (l atest revi si on ), “Laboratory M eth od s for th e Eval u ati on of Protecti ve Coati n g s an d Li n i n g M ateri al s on
M etal l i c Su bstrates i n I m m ersi on Servi ce” (H ou ston , TX: N ACE).

21 . SSPC-PA Gu i d e 1 0 (l atest revi si on ), “G u i d e to Safety an d H eal th Req u i rem en ts” (Pi ttsbu rg h , PA: SSPC).

22. U . S. Cod e of Fed eral Reg u l ati on s (CFR) Ti tl e 29, Ch apter XVI I , “Occu pati on al Safety an d H eal th Stan d ard s, ” (Wash i n g ton , DC: Off ce
of th e Fed eral Reg i ster, 1 974).

23. API Pu bl i cati on 221 7A (l atest revi si on ), “G u i d el i n es for Safe Work i n I n ert Con f n ed Spaces i n th e Petrol eu m an d Petroch em i cal
I n d u stri es” (Wash i n g ton , DC: API ).

(3 )
O ccu p a ti on a l Sa fe ty & H ea l th Ad m i n i stra ti on (OS H A), U. S. D ep a rtm e n t of La bo r, 2 00 Con sti tu ti on Aven u e N W, Wa sh i n g ton , D C 2 02 1 0.
(4)
Am e ri ca n Petro l eu m I n sti tu te (AP I ), 1 2 2 0 L S t. N W, Wa sh i n g ton , D C 2 0005 -407 0.

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 Appendix A
Placing Caulking, Putty, or Filler
Mandatory

Figure A1 : Placing Caulk, Putty, or Filler

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 Appendix B
Special Surface Preparation for Bolted Tanks
Mandatory
B1 . Cl ean an d bl ast th e su rfaces of bol ted tan ks as speci f ed .

B2. U n d ercu t al l seam an d ch i m e g askets as sh own i n Fig u re B1 . After cu tti n g , abrasi ve bl ast th e seam s an d ch i m es to
cl ean th e n ew su rface exposed by u n d ercu tti n g .

B3. Cau l k al l ch i m es an d seam s after bl asti n g , as sh own i n Fi g u re B2, wi th a cau l ki n g com pou n d th at i s com pati bl e wi th th e
coati n g to be appl i ed .

Figure B1 : Undercutting Gaskets

CAU TI ON : Th e u se of cau l k sh ou l d be kept to a m i n i m u m

Fi g u re B2: Cau l ki n g Seam s an d Ch i m es

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 Appendix C
Inspection Report on Production Equipment
Mandatory
FILE : _______________________________________________________________________________________________
LEASE OR BATTERY: ____________________________ EQUIPMENT NO. : ____________________________________
SIZE : _______________________________________________________________________________________________
SERVICE
Former: ___________________________________________ N ew: ____________________________________________
Eq u i pm en t M fR. : ____________________________________ Year Bu i l t: ________________________________________
ORIGINAL THICKNESS
Bottom : ___________________________________ Sh el l : ______________________ Top: _______________________
REPAIRS BEFORE RECOATING : ________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
CORROSION : ________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Su rface Con tam i n ati on (su l f d es, oi l /g reases/tar, an d sol u bl e sal ts): ______________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
BLASTING :
M ateri al (si ze, bran d , etc. ) _______________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Date & Ti m e: ____________________________________ Date & Ti m e I n spected : ________________________________
Started : _______________________________________ Com pl eted : __________________________________________
By: _________________________________________________________________________________________________
Type of Fi n i sh : ________________________________________________________________________________________

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Pro f le: ______________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Chlorides: ___________________________________________________________________________________________

Remarks: ____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
COATING MFR: ____________________________________ APPLICATOR: ___________________________________
COATING APPLIED
APPLICATION
(BY COATS): ________________________________ DATE : ___________________ TEMPERATURE : _____________
WEATHER: __________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Tests: Final Thickness Range

Bottom: ______________________________ Shell: _________________________ Top: _________________________

Holidays: ____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Remarks: ____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
APPROXIMATE CURING TIME: __________________________________________________________________________

AVERAGE CURING TIME: ______________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________
DATE READY FOR SERVICE: ______________________ DATE PLACED IN SERVICE: __________________________

16 SP01 81 -201 9 NACE International ©201 9 NACE International, 1 5835 Park Ten Place, Suite 200, Houston TX 77084, USA. All rights reserved.
Reproduction, republication or redistribution of this standard in any form without the express written per-
mission of the publisher is prohibited. Contact NACE International by means of our website www.nace.org,
email FirstService@nace.org, or (phone) 281 -228-6223 for reprints of this standard.
 Appendix D
Reinspection Report:
Internal Coating on Production Equipment
(After Period of Service)
Mandatory
LEASE OR BATTERY: ____________________________ EQUIPMENT NO. : ____________________________________
EXPOSURE OF COATING
Type of Servi ce: _______________________________________________________________________________________
Len g th of Servi cce: ____________________________________________________________________________________
Oth er servi ce d u ri n g peri od of exposu re ____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
DATE OF COATI N G: ___________________________ TYPE OF AVG . COATI N G TH I CKN ESS: ______________________
CONDITION OF COATING AT TIME OF THIS INSPECTION
Cl ean i n g d on e before eq u i pm en t i n spected (type): ____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Type, l ocati on , an d exten t of fai l u re ________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________

©201 9 NACE International, 1 5835 Park Ten Place, Suite 200, Houston TX 77084, USA. All rights reserved.
Reproduction, republication or redistribution of this standard in any form without the express written permis-
NACE International SP01 81 -201 9 17
sion of the publisher is prohibited. Contact NACE International by means of our website www.nace.org, email
FirstService@nace.org, or (phone) 281 -228-6223 for reprints of this standard.
Fi l m th ickn ess ad j acen t to fai l ed areas at ti m e of i n specti on _____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________

APPARENT REASON FOR FAILURE

____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________

OTHER COMMENTS OR SUGGESTIONS THAT ARE APPARENT FROM THIS INSPECTION

____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________

COATING REPAIRS REQUIRED?

YES: _____________________________________________ N O: _____________________________________________
I n spected By: _______________________________________ Dept. : ___________________________________________
Date: _______________________________________________________________________________________________

18 SP01 81 -201 9 NACE International ©201 9 NACE International, 1 5835 Park Ten Place, Suite 200, Houston TX 77084, USA. All rights reserved.
Reproduction, republication or redistribution of this standard in any form without the express written per-
mission of the publisher is prohibited. Contact NACE International by means of our website www.nace.org,
email FirstService@nace.org, or (phone) 281 -228-6223 for reprints of this standard.
 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

©201 9 NACE International, 1 5835 Park Ten Place, Suite 200, Houston TX 77084, USA. All rights reserved.
Reproduction, republication or redistribution of this standard in any form without the express written permis-
NACE International SP01 81 -201 9 19
sion of the publisher is prohibited. Contact NACE International by means of our website www.nace.org, email
FirstService@nace.org, or (phone) 281 -228-6223 for reprints of this standard.
NACE SP01 81 -201 9 ©201 9 NACE International, 1 5835 Park Ten Place, Suite 200, Houston TX 77084, USA. All rights re- ISBN 1 -5790-205-2
served. Reproduction, republication or redistribution of this standard in any form without the express
Item #21 025 written permission of the publisher is prohibited. Contact NACE International by means of our website NACE International
www.nace.org, email FirstService@nace.org, or (phone) 281 -228-6223 for reprints of this standard.