ENERGY BALANCE (SETK 2133)

Assignment 4
1. Acetaldehyde (CH3CHO) is produced by dehydrogenation of ethanol (C 2H5OH) (R1).
An undesired side reaction occurs which produces ethyl acetate (R2).

C2H5OH (g)  CH3CHO (g) + H2(g) (R1)

2CH3CHO (g)  CH3COOC2H5 (g) + 2H2(g) (R2)

90% of the ethanol fed to the reactor is converted to products, and there is a 65% yield
of acetaldehyde. The ethanol enters the reactor at 300 oC as vapour at a flow rate of
4.607 kg/h.
(a) Calculate the rate of (mol/s) of the outlet stream and determine the amount of heat
added or removed (kW) using the heat of formation method to maintain the reactor
outlet temperature at 300oC. (1.46 kW)
(b) Determine the new outlet temperature (increase or decrease) if an adiabatic reactor
is used. (661.87oC)
Cp, acetaldehyde (g) = 54.7 J/mol °C; Cp, hydrogen (g) = 29.1 J/mol °C ; Cp, ethyl
acetate (g) = 113.6 J/mol °C ; Cp, ethanol (g) = 65.5 J/mol °; Ĥf acetaldehyde(g) =
-166.2 kJ/mol, Ĥf ethyl acetate (g) = -444.5 kJ/mol; Ĥf ethanol(g) = -234.95
kJ/mol

2. 1 mol of methane (CH4) gas at 25oC and 1 atm is burned with 50% excess air that also
enters at 25oC and 1 atm in a steady-flow combustion chamber. The methane is
completely oxidised and the products leave at 1 atm. Determine the amount of oxygen
supplied, the extent of reaction, ε and the molar amount of the products. Calculate the
heat of combustion for this reaction where the water formed is in a vapor phase.
Determine the highest temperature (oC) of the product stream. State any assumptions
made. (3 mol oxygen, -802.34 kJ/mol. 1515oC)

3. Ammonia is produced by reacting hydrogen and nitrogen. 50% excess air and
hydrogen are fed at 25°C and the hydrogen completely reacted. Calculate the amount
of heat added to or removed (kJ) per kmol of hydrogen fed using the heat of
formation method if the products leave the reactor at 400°C. Use Table B.2 instead of
Table B.8. . (-17189.6 kJ)

4. Methane (CH4) gas is burned in a furnace where complete combustion of methane

takes place. The furnace is perfectly insulated and the pressure is 1 atm at steady
state. By using the heat of reaction method, compare the temperature of the outlet
stream if 1 mol of methane at 120oC is burned in stoichiometric ratio with
(i) pure oxygen at 25oC (7612 oC)
(ii) air at 25oC (2503oC)
 Cp, methane (g) = 35.9 J/mol °C; Cp, nitrogen (g) = 29.1 J/mol °C ; Cp, oxygen (g) =
29.3 J/mol °C ; Cp, carbon dioxide (g) = 39.0 J/mol °; Cp, carbon monoxide (g) =
29.1 J/mol °C; Cp, water (l) = 75.4 J/mol °C ; Cp, water (g) = 33.6 J/mol °C