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Cable Removed
Cable Removed
Cable Removed
SUSPENSION BRIDGE
The vertical distance between the chord and the cable at any cross section is
known as the dip.
The cable has a span L and the dip at a distance x from A is y .
General Cable Theory
For moment equilibrium about
support B for the cable:
Ay L + HL tanα = ΣMBP
ΣMBP
Ay = − H tanα .….(1)
L
ΣMAt x distance = 0
Ay x + Hz = ΣMxP
Ay x + H (x tanα – y) = ΣMxP ….....(2)
ΣMxP is the summation of moments due to external forces (P1, P2 and P3 to the left of x )
about section x.
General Cable Theory
Substituting the value of Ay from Eq. (1) to Eq. (2),
xΣMBP
− Hx tanα + Hx tanα – Hy = ΣMxP
L
x
Hy = ΣMBP – ΣMxP …………………………………..……………………….(3)
L
General Cable Theory
Now, let us consider the simply-supported beam.
ΣMAt B = 0
RAL – ΣMBP = 0
ΣMBP
RA = ………………………………………...……………………………(4)
L
General Cable Theory
ΣMAt x distance = RAx – ΣMxP
ΣMBP
= x – ΣMxP
L
= Hy
Hy = ΣMAt x distance for the simply-supported beam
which is the claim as per the general cable theorem.
Cable Shape: Uniform Load
𝐰𝐋𝐱 𝐰𝐱 𝟐
Hym = – ……………..(1)
𝟐 𝟐
At mid span ym = h called the cable sag.
L
X=
2
𝐰𝐋𝟐
Hh =
𝟖
𝐰𝐋𝟐
H=
𝟖𝐡
Cable Shape: Uniform Load
𝐰𝐋𝟐 𝐰𝐋𝐱 𝐰𝐱 𝟐 𝐰𝐱
y = – = (L-x)
𝟖𝐡 m 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
𝟒𝐡𝐱
ym = 𝟐 (L-x)
𝐋
This equation defines the shape of the
cable with respect to the cable chord.
Cable Shape: Uniform Load
If the origin o of the axes is taken at the
left end of the cable,
y = - (ym - x tanϒ)
(Negetive as m is below x axis)
= x tanϒ – ym
Substituting for ym
4hx
y = x tanϒ - 2 (L-x)
L
4hx
y = 2 (x-L) - x tanϒ ………….(2)
L
This equation defines the shape of the cable with respect to the horizontal axis with
origin at left end of cable.
Math 1
Question: A cable is loaded as shown in figure. Find yc, ye and cable tension at
various location.
Math 1 (Cont..)
Solution:
Ra + Rb = 1 + 2 + 0.5 a b
Ra = 2.33 kip
Ra Rb
Math 1 (Cont..)
1 kip 2 kip 0.5 kip
a b
c d e
Ra Rb
2.33 k
1.33 k
SFD
At point d H x 10 = 36.6 -0.67 k
H = 3.66 kip -1.17 k -1.17 k
36.6
At point c H x yc = 23.3 23.3 23.2
3.66 x yc = 23.3
BMD
yc = 6.37 ft
Math 1 (Cont..)
1 kip 2 kip 0.5 kip
a b
c d e
Ra Rb
2.33 k
1.33 k
SFD
-0.67 k
At point e H x ye = 23.2
3.66 x ye = 23.2 -1.17 k -1.17 k
36.6
ye = 6.34 ft 23.3 23.2
BMD
Math 1 (Cont..)
2.33 k
10
At point a: Tac x = 3.66
102 + 6.372 3.66 k a
6.37
Tac = 4.34 kip 10
Tac
10 Tdc
At point d: Tdc x = 3.66
102 + (10−6.37)2 10 – 6.37
Tdc = 3.89 kip 10 d
3.66 k
2k
Math 1 (Cont..)
Tde
20 10 – 6.34
At point d: Tde x = 3.66 d
202 +(10−6.34)2 3.66 k 20
2k
20
At point b: Tbe x = 3.66 1.17 k
2
20 + 6.34 2
Question: A cable is loaded as shown in figure. Find the cable length and
maximum tension. Given, maximum sag = 50 ft.
Math 2 (Cont..)
100 k 50 k 200 k 300 k
Solution:
a b
For the simply supported beam,
c d e f
ΣMa = 0
(100 x 200) + (50 x 400) + (200 x 600) + Ra Rb
250 150
(300 x 800) – 1000Rb = 0 100
Rb = 400 k SFD
-100
-400 -400
ΣV = 0 100 x 103
80 x 103 80 x 103
Ra + Rb = 100 + 50 + 200 + 300 50 x 103
Ra = 250 kip
BMD
Math 2 (Cont..)
yf
ye
yd
yc
80
60
40
20
Math 2 (Cont..)
100 k 50 k 200 k 300 k
BMD
Math 2 (Cont..)
40’
50’
40’ 40’
20’
10’
5’
At point b: b
2000 k
200 60
2000 = Tbf x
2002 + 602 200
Tbf
Tbf = Tmax = 2088.06 k
Math 3
At point C:
Math 3 (Cont..)
At point B: