Program Based Learning

Soil Exploration Program

Soil Mechanics – I

-M.HAIDER KARRAR
22- CE- 165
DESK STUDY

The area of study is the colony located near

tLGS International Public School,

The map of the colony is shown in the right

figure. This is the present map of the colony .

Current Map of
Colony

Historic Image of 2010 of the Historic Image of 2000 of the

site site
 DESK STUDY (CONT.)
A fully satellite image of the work site
RECONNAISSANCE
SURVEY

The reconnaissance survey is an

extensive study of an entire area that
might be used for a road or airfield. Its
purpose is to eliminate those routes or
sites which are impractical or unfeasible
and to identify the more promising
routes or sites. Existing maps and aerial
photographs may be of great help.
RECONNAISSANCE
SURVEY (CONT.)

Elevation Map of City (Gujrat)

Average elevation: 203 m
Minimum elevation: 190 m
Maximum elevation: 216 m
SAMPLE COLLECTION

TOOLS USED TO EXCAVATETHE SITE

ACCORDING TO ASTM D6907-22
I USED THE TROWELTO
EXCAVATETHE SITE FOR THE
SAMPLE COLLECTION.
SITE LOCATION:
Latitude:31.128091 N
Longitude: 74.440344 E
SAMPLE COLLECTION (CONT.)

ALSO USE THE TROWEL TO

COLLECT THE SAMPLE
PLACE THE SAMPLE INTO THE
PLASTIC BAG.
SAMPLE COLLECTION (CONT.)

Nearby Places:
LGS International Public School
Coordinates:
31.26907462096261 , 74.45657845522207
LGS International Public School
Coordinates:
31.12968621153232, 74.44277024346691
SAMPLE
PREERVATION&
TRANSPORTATION
SAMPLE PREERVATION&
TRANSPORTATION (CONT.)

I USED THE ASTM D4220 FOR THE

SAMPLE PRESERVATION AND
TRANSPORTATION
ACCORDING TO THIS ASTM, WE
USE THE PLASTIC BAG OF
THICKNESS 0.08MM [3MIL].
 PRESERVATION (CONT.)

SO, I HAVE USED THE PLASTIC BAG OF THICKNESS RANGES FROM

THE 0.008mm to 1mm FOR ITS PRESERVATION.
SO, WE USE THE PLASTIC BAG AND ACCORDING TO ASTM
SQUEEZOUT THE AIR AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE.
PRESERVATION (CONT.)

AFTER THE PRESERVATION OF THE

SOIL SAMPLE, NOW SHIPPED IT FOR
THE TRANSPORTATION.
•ACCORDING TO ASTM, I HAVE USED
THE PLASTIC CONTANIER FOR THE
SHIPMENT OF THE SAMPLE.
SHIPMENT &
TRANSPORTATION
AFTER COMPLETE THE PACKING OF THE
SAMPLE, TRANSPORT IT TO THE LAB OF THE UET
TAXILA THROUGH BUS.
•ALSO, LABE LIT WITH COMPLETE INFORMATION
WHICH IS NECESSARYFOR ITS IDENTIFICATION E.G
GIVE I.D TO THE SAMPLE.
 Laboratory Testing Program
MOISTURE CONTENT TEST
SPECIFIC GRAVITY
SOIL CLASSIFICATION
HYDROMETER ANALYSIS
STANDARD PROCTOR
MODIFIED PROCTOR
CONSTANT HEAD
FALLING HEAD
ATTER BERG'S LIMIT
INDEX PROPERTIES
 Laboratory Testing Program (CONT.)

A laboratory testing program of soil involves assessing various properties such as classification, shear
strength, compressibility, and permeability to guide construction and engineering projects. These tests help
determine the soil's suitability for foundations, roadways, and other infrastructure by evaluating its
behavior under different conditions, such as compaction, moisture, and load-bearing capacity.
Additionally, chemical and mineralogical analyses can identify potential contamination or expansive clays
that could affect project stability. Overall, the program provides critical data for designing safe and stable
structures.
 Moisture Content ( ASTM D2216)

Significance
WATER CONTENT IS ONE THE MOST SIGNIFICANT INDEX PROPERTIES USED IN
ESTABLISHING A CORRELATION BETWEEN SOIL BEHAVIOR AND ITS INDEX
PROPERTIES

Results
THE MOISTURE CONTENT OF THE SAMPLE IS 30.468G
 SPECIFIC GRAVITY (ASTM D854)

SIGNIFICANCE
SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF A SOIL SOLIDS IS USED IN CALCULATING THE DENSITY
OF THE SOIL SOLIDS THE PHASE RELATIONSHIPS OF SOILS SUCH AS VOID RATIO
AND DEGREE OF SATURATION

RESULTS
THE SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF SAMPLE IS 2.6785
 SIEVE ANALYSIS (ASTM D6913)

SIGNIFICANCE
THE GRADATION OF SOIL IS USED FOR CLASSIFICATION AND IS USED TO CALCULATE
THE COFFICIENT OF UNIFORMLY AND THE COFFICIENT OF CURVATURE SELECTION
AND ACCEPTENCE OF FILL MATERIALS ARE OFTEN BASED ON GRADATION
 HYDROMETER ANALYSIS (ASTM D7928)

SIGNIFICANCE
DETERMINATION OF THE CLAY SIZE FRACTION WHICH IS MATERIAL FINER THAN 2
UHAM METER IS USED IN COMBINATION WITH THE PLASTICITY INDEX ( TEST
METHODS D4318) TO COMPUTE THE ACTIVITY WHICH PROVIDES THE INDICATION OF
THE MINERALOGY OF THE CLAY FRACTION 5.3 IN DETERMINING THE SUSCEPTIBILITY
OF FINEGRAINED SOILS TO FROST ACTION

RESULTS
THE SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF THE SAMPLE IS 2.6785