The nation - state, of course, has two basic components – “ nation ” and “ state.

” Nation “ refers to a
social group that is linked th[r]ough common descent, culture, language, or territorial contiguity ” (Cerny
2007 : 854).

national identity , the “ fluid and dynamic form of collective identity, founded upon a community ’ s
subjective belief that the members of the community share a set of characteristics that make them
different from other groups ”

“ nationalism , ” a doctrine and/or political movement that seeks to make the nation the basis of a
political structure, especially a state.

Nation: Social group linked through common descent, culture, language, or territorial contiguity.

National identity: A fluid and dynamic form of collective identity; members of the community believe
that they are different from other groups.

Nationalism is a doctrine and (or) political movement that seek to make the nation the basis of a
political structure, especially a state.

State: Organizational structure outside other socioeconomic hierarchies with relatively autonomous
office - holders.

Nation - state : Integrates sub - groups that define themselves as a nation with the organizational
structure of the state

3 Domains/Parts of Territory:

Continental Sates

Peninsular States-sorround by land and water

Archipelagic States-sorround by land

Maritime Domain- External Water

Fluvial Domain- Internal Water(bays, rivers, streams

Terrestrial Domain-refers to land, agricultural, residential and industrial lands.

Aerial Domains- directly above the states terrestrial and fluvial domain, all the way up to where the
outer space begin.

People- compose of man and woman for reproduction.

Then there are “ failed states ” (Boas and Jennings 2007 : 475 – 85) (e.g. Somalia), where there is, in
effect, no functioning national government, as well as states that are in the process of breaking down (Li
2002 : 1 – 20). Clearly, failed states, and states that are disintegrating, are in no position to maintain
their borders adequately.

International human rights-e “ entitlement of individuals to life, security, and well - being ” (Turner
1993 : 489 – 512; 2007 : 591), has emerged as a major global political issue.

On December 10, 1948, the UN General Assembly approved a Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
The creation of the International Criminal Court (ICC) in 2002 created a venue in which those accused of
human rights abuses could be tried and found guilty

Shadows of war are defined as “ the complex sets of cross - state economic and political linkages that
move outside formally recognized state - based channels ” (Nordstrom 2004 : 106).

These “ shadows of war ” are not restricted by or to the nation - state; it is these “ extra - state ”
processes (those that exist outside formal state channels; e.g. fl ows of black market goods)

The sheer power carried in extra - state systems – the power to shape global economic and political
realities – demonstrates the partial nature of state authority