ENGINEER HUNTER

Beam Design per ACI 318M-19

Beam Property ‾‾‾‾‾
⎛ ⎞ f'c
Width b ≔ 500 mm sqrt ⎝f'c⎠ ≔ ――MPa
Depth h ≔ 700 mm MPa

Concrete f'c ≔ 30 MPa Ec ≔ 4700 ⋅ sqrt ⎛⎝f'c⎞⎠ = 25742.96 MPa

Main bar fy ≔ 400 MPa Es ≔ 200000 MPa

ntop ≔ 4 Dtop ≔ 20 mm Dtorsion ≔ Dtop
nbottom ≔ 4 Dbottom ≔ Dtop ntorsion_total ≔ 6

Stirrup bar fyt ≔ 400 MPa

nleg ≔ 2 Dt ≔ 10 mm s ≔ 200 mm

Cover c ≔ 45 mm (for torsion only, from edge to center of stirrup)

Dtop
Effective Depth dtop ≔ h - c - Dt - ―― = 635 mm dtop ≔ h - 60 mm = 640 mm
2
Dbottom
dbottom ≔ h - c - Dt - ――― = 635 mm dbottom ≔ h - 60 mm = 640 mm
2
Internal Forces
Bending moment Mu.top ≔ 135.5 kN ⋅ m
Mu.bottom ≔ 261.48 kN ⋅ m
Shear force Vu ≔ 262.68 kN
Torsion Tu ≔ 21.82 kN ⋅ m

Calculations
Flexural reinforcement
⎛ ⎛ ⎛ ⎛⎝f'c - 28 MPa⎞⎠ ⎞ ⎞ ⎞
ϕ ≔ 0.9 β1 ≔ min ⎜max ⎜0.85 - ⎜0.05 ⋅ ―――――⎟ , 0.65⎟ , 0.85⎟ = 0.836
⎝ ⎝ ⎝ 7 MPa ⎠ ⎠ ⎠
fy
εc.max ≔ 0.003 εty ≔ ―= 0.002 εs.min ≔ εty + 0.003 = 0.005
Es
Top rebar εc.max
cmax.top ≔ ――――― ⋅ dtop = 240 mm
εc.max + εs.min
amax.top ≔ β1 ⋅ cmax.top = 200.57 mm
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 Mu.top
atop ≔ dtop - dtop - 2 ⋅ ――――― = 18.72 mm
0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ ϕ ⋅ b
Top_rebar ≔ if atop < amax.top | = “Single reinforcement”
‖ “Single reinforcement” |
‖ |
else |
‖ “Double reinforcement” |
‖ |

Mu.top 2
As.top ≔ ――――――= 596.84 mm
⎛ atop ⎞
ϕ ⋅ fy ⋅ ⎜dtop - ―― ⎟
⎝ 2 ⎠
⎛4 ⎛ sqrt ⎛⎝f'c⎞⎠ ⎞⎞ Page 1 of 5
1.4 MPa 2
As.min.top ≔ min ⎜―⋅ As.top , max ⎜0.25 ⋅ ―――⋅ b ⋅ dtop , ―――― ⋅ b ⋅ dtop⎟⎟ = 795.78 mm
 u.top 2
As.top ≔ ――――――= 596.84 mm
ENGINEER HUNTER ⎛ atop ⎞
ϕ ⋅ fy ⋅ ⎜dtop - ―― ⎟
⎝ 2 ⎠
⎛4 ⎛ sqrt ⎛⎝f'c⎞⎠ 1.4 MPa ⎞⎞ 2
As.min.top ≔ min ⎜―⋅ As.top , max ⎜0.25 ⋅ ―――⋅ b ⋅ dtop , ―――― ⋅ b ⋅ dtop⎟⎟ = 795.78 mm
⎝3 ⎝ fy fy ⎠⎠
2
⎛ ⎞
As.req.top ≔ max ⎝As.top , As.min.top⎠ = 795.78 mm
2
Dtop 2 As.req.top
As.pro.top ≔ ntop ⋅ π ⋅ ――= 1256.64 mm DC_Mtop ≔ ―――= 0.63
4 As.pro.top
Bottom rebar εc.max
cmax.bottom ≔ ――――― ⋅ dbottom = 240 mm
εc.max + εs.min
amax.bottom ≔ β1 ⋅ cmax.bottom = 200.57 mm
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 Mu.bottom
abottom ≔ dbottom - dbottom - 2 ⋅ ――――― = 36.65 mm
0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ ϕ ⋅ b
Bottom_rebar ≔ if abottom < amax.bottom | = “Single reinforcement”
‖ “Single reinforcement” |
‖ |
else |
‖ “Double reinforcement” |
‖ |

Mu.bottom 2
As.bottom ≔ ――――――――= 1168.35 mm
⎛ abottom ⎞
ϕ ⋅ fy ⋅ ⎜dbottom - ――― ⎟
⎝ 2 ⎠
⎛4 ⎛ sqrt ⎛⎝f'c⎞⎠ 1.4 MPa ⎞⎞ 2
As.min.bottom ≔ min ⎜―⋅ As.bottom , max ⎜0.25 ⋅ ―――⋅ b ⋅ dbottom , ―――― ⋅ b ⋅ dbottom⎟⎟ = 1120 mm
⎝3 ⎝ fy fy ⎠⎠
2
As.req.bottom ≔ max ⎛⎝As.bottom , As.min.bottom⎞⎠ = 1168.35 mm
2
Dtop 2 As.req.bottom
As.pro.bottom ≔ nbottom ⋅ π ⋅ ――= 1256.64 mm DC_Mbottom ≔ ――――= 0.93
4 As.pro.bottom
Shear reinforcement
ϕv ≔ 0.75

2
Acv ≔ b ⋅ min ⎛⎝dtop , dbottom⎞⎠ = 320000 mm

Vc ≔ min ⎛⎝0.17 ⋅ sqrt ⎛⎝f'c⎞⎠ , 0.42 ⋅ sqrt ⎛⎝f'c⎞⎠⎞⎠ ⋅ Acv = 297.96 kN

Vmax ≔ Vc + 0.66 ⋅ sqrt ⎛⎝f'c⎞⎠ ⋅ Acv = 1454.75 kN

Shear_con ≔ if Vu ≤ 0.083 ⋅ ϕ ⋅ sqrt ⎛⎝f'c⎞⎠ ⋅ Acv | = “Min. shear reinforcement is required”

‖ “Min. shear reinforcement is not required” |
‖ |
else if Vu > ϕv ⋅ Vmax |
‖ “Section size is needed to be increased” |
‖ |
else |
‖ “Min. shear reinforcement is required” |
‖ |
⎛ Vu - ϕ v ⋅ Vc ⎞ mm
2
Avs ≔ max ⎜――――――――, 0⎟ = 204.21 ――
⎝ ϕv ⋅ fy ⋅ min ⎛⎝dtop , dbottom⎞⎠ ⎠ m

⎛ ⎞ 2 Page 2 of 5
⎛ ⎞ b b mm
Avs.min ≔ max ⎜0.062 ⋅ sqrt ⎝f'c⎠ ⋅ ―, 0.35 ⋅ ―⋅ MPa⎟ = 437.5 ――
ENGINEER HUNTER

2
⎛ b b ⎞ mm
⎛ ⎞
Avs.min ≔ max ⎜0.062 ⋅ sqrt ⎝f'c⎠ ⋅ ―, 0.35 ⋅ ―⋅ MPa⎟ = 437.5 ――
⎝ fy fy ⎠ m
2
mm
Avs.req ≔ max ⎛⎝Avs , Avs.min⎞⎠ = 437.5 ――
m
2 2
Dt mm
Avs.pro ≔ nleg ⋅ π ⋅ ―― = 785.4 ――
4⋅s m
Vu |
sv.max ≔ if ― - Vc ≤ 0.33 ⋅ sqrt ⎛⎝f'c⎞⎠ ⋅ Acv | = 320 mm
ϕv |
‖ ⎛ min ⎛⎝dtop , dbottom⎞⎠ ⎞|
‖ min ⎜――――――, 600 mm⎟ |
‖‖ ⎝ 2 ⎠|
else |
|
‖ ⎛ min ⎛⎝dtop , dbottom⎞⎠ ⎞|
‖ min ⎜――――――, 300 mm⎟ | Avs.req
DC_V ≔ ――― = 0.56
‖‖ ⎝ 4 ⎠| Avs.pro

Torsion reinforcement
ϕT ≔ 0.75
2
Acp ≔ b ⋅ h = 350000 mm pcp ≔ 2 ⋅ (b + h) = 2400 mm
2
A0 ≔ 0.85 ⋅ (b - 2 ⋅ c) ⋅ (h - 2 ⋅ c) = 212585 mm ph ≔ 2 ⋅ ((b - 2 ⋅ c) + (h - 2 ⋅ c)) = 2040 mm
⎛A 2 ⎞
cp
ϕTth ≔ ϕT ⋅ 0.083 ⋅ sqrt ⎛⎝f'c⎞⎠ ⋅ ⎜―― ⎟ = 17.4 kN ⋅ m
⎜⎝ pcp ⎟⎠
⎛A 2 ⎞
cp
ϕTcr ≔ ϕT ⋅ 0.33 ⋅ sqrt ⎛⎝f'c⎞⎠ ⋅ ⎜―― ⎟ = 69.19 kN ⋅ m
⎜⎝ pcp ⎟⎠
Torsion_reduction ≔ if Tu ≥ ϕTcr | = “Torsion cannot be reduced”
‖ “Torsion can be reduced” |
‖ |
else |
‖ “Torsion cannot be reduced” |
‖ |
Torsion_con ≔ if Tu < ϕTth | = “Torsion cannot be neglected”
‖ “Torsion can be neglected” |
‖ |
else |
‖ “Torsion cannot be neglected” |
‖ |
Transversal reinforcement
2
Tu mm
Ats.req ≔ ――――― = 171.07 ――
ϕT ⋅ 2 ⋅ A0 ⋅ fyt m
2 2
Dt mm
Ats.pro ≔ π ⋅ ―― = 392.7 ――
4⋅s m Ats.req
DC_Ttransversal ≔ ――― = 0.44
Longitudinal reinforcement Ats.pro

Tu ⋅ ph 2
Al ≔ ――――= 348.98 mm
ϕ T ⋅ 2 ⋅ A 0 ⋅ fy

0.42 ⋅ sqrt ⎛⎝f'c⎞⎠ ⋅ Acp fyt Page 3 of 5 |

Al.min ≔ if ――――――― - ⎛⎝Ats.req⎞⎠ ⋅ ph ⋅ ―< 0 |
ENGINEER HUNTER

0.42 ⋅ sqrt ⎛⎝f'c⎞⎠ ⋅ Acp fyt |

Al.min ≔ if ――――――― - ⎛⎝Ats.req⎞⎠ ⋅ ph ⋅ ―< 0 |
fy fy |
‖ 0.42 ⋅ sqrt ⎛f' ⎞ ⋅ A f |
‖ ――――――― ⎝ c⎠ cp ⎛ 0.175 ⋅ b ⎞ yt |
- ⎜――― ⋅ MPa⎟ ⋅ ph ⋅ ―
‖ f ⎝ f ⎠ f |
‖ y yt y
|
else |
‖ ⎛ 0.42 ⋅ sqrt ⎛⎝f'c⎞⎠ ⋅ Acp fyt 0.42 ⋅ sqrt ⎛⎝f'c⎞⎠ ⋅ Acp ⎛ 0.175 ⋅ b ⎞ f ⎞ |
‖ min ⎜――――――― yt
- ⎛⎝Ats.req⎞⎠ ⋅ ph ⋅ ―, ――――――― - ⎜――― ⋅ MPa⎟ ⋅ ph ⋅ ―⎟ |
‖ ⎝ fy fy fy ⎝ fyt ⎠ fy ⎠ ||
‖
2
Al.req ≔ max ⎛⎝Al , Al.min⎞⎠ = 1566.63 mm
2
Dtorsion 2 Al.req
Al.pro ≔ ntorsion_total ⋅ π ⋅ ―――= 1884.96 mm DC_Tlongitudinal ≔ ――= 0.83
4 Al.pro
Shear plus torsion reinforcement
2
mm
Avts ≔ Avs + 2 ⋅ Ats.req = 546.35 ――
m
2
⎛ b b ⎞ mm
Avts.min ≔ max ⎜0.062 ⋅ sqrt ⎛⎝f'c⎞⎠ ⋅ ―, 0.35 ⋅ ―⋅ MPa⎟ = 437.5 ――
⎝ fyt fyt ⎠ m
2
mm
Avts.req ≔ max ⎛⎝Avts , Avts.min⎞⎠ = 546.35 ――
2
m
2
Dt mm
Avts.pro ≔ 2 ⋅ π ⋅ ―― = 785.4 ――
4⋅s m
⎛ ph ⎞ Avts.req
st.max ≔ min ⎜― , 300 mm⎟ = 255 mm DC_VT ≔ ――― = 0.7
⎝8 ⎠ Avts.pro
Results
Total longitudinal reinforcement
Top n
Bottom ntorsion_total
torsion_total
ntop_total ≔ ntop + ―――― =7 nbottom_total ≔ nbottom + ―――― =7
2
2 2 2
Dtop 2 Dbottom 2
As.pro.top_total ≔ ntop_total ⋅ π ⋅ ――= 2199.11 mm As.pro.bot_total ≔ nbottom_total ⋅ π ⋅ ―――= 2199.11 mm
4 4
⎡ “Flexural longitudinal reinforcement (top)” DC_Mtop ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎢ “Flexural longitudinal reinforcement (bottom)” DC_Mbottom ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ “Torsional longitudinal reinforcement” DC_Tlongitudinal ⎥
DemandCapacity ≔ ⎢ ⎥
⎢ “Shear reinforcement” DC_V ⎥
⎢ “Torsion reinforcement” DC_Ttransversal ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢⎣ “Shear plus torsion reinforcement” DC_VT ⎥⎦
Summary
Total longitudinal reinforcement
Flexural
Top_rebar = “Single reinforcement”
2 2
ntop = 4 Dtop = 20 mm As.pro.top = 1256.64 mm As.req.top = 795.78 mm

Bottom_rebar = “Single reinforcement” Page 4 of 5

ENGINEER HUNTER

Bottom_rebar = “Single reinforcement”

2 2
nbottom = 4 Dbottom = 20 mm As.pro.bottom = 1256.64 mm As.req.bottom = 1168.35 mm

Torsion
Torsion_con = “Torsion cannot be neglected”
2 2
ntorsion_total = 6 Dtorsion = 20 mm Al.pro = 1884.96 mm Al.req = 1566.63 mm

Total longitudinal reinforcement

Top
2
ntop_total = 7 Dtop = 20 mm As.pro.top_total = 2199.11 mm

Bottom
2
nbottom_total = 7 Dbottom = 20 mm As.pro.bot_total = 2199.11 mm

Stirrup reinforcement
nleg = 2 Dt = 10 mm s = 200 mm
Shear
Shear_con = “Min. shear reinforcement is required”
2 2
mm mm
sv.max = 320 mm Avs.pro = 785.4 ―― Avs.req = 437.5 ――
m m
Torsion
Torsion_con = “Torsion cannot be neglected”
2 2
mm mm
st.max = 255 mm Ats.pro = 392.7 ―― Ats.req = 171.07 ――
m m
Torsion_reduction = “Torsion cannot be reduced”
ϕTcr
ϕTcr = 69.19 kN ⋅ m J ≔ ―― = 3.17
Tu
Shear plus torsion
2 2
mm mm
Avts.pro = 785.4 ―― Avts.req = 546.35 ――
m m

⎡ “Flexural longitudinal reinforcement (top)” 0.63 ⎤

⎢ ⎥
⎢ “Flexural longitudinal reinforcement (bottom)” 0.93 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ “Torsional longitudinal reinforcement” 0.83 ⎥
DemandCapacity = ⎢
“Shear reinforcement” 0.56 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ “Torsion reinforcement” 0.44 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢⎣ “Shear plus torsion reinforcement” 0.7 ⎥⎦

Page 5 of 5