Second Term Year 10 Business Enote

CALEB BRITISH INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, ABIJO GRA
2024/2025 ACADEMIC SESSION

SECOND TERM LESSON NOTE
SUBJECT: BUSINESS STUD CLASS: YEAR 10 BRITISH/INTEG DATE: JAN 8TH, 2024
SCHEME O F W O RK
WEEK TOPIC / THEME
1. MOTIVATING EMPLOYEES (BENEFITS OF A WELL MOTIVATED WORKFORCE THEORIES OF MOTIVATION)
2. MOTIVATING EMPLOYEES (FINANCIAL AND NON-FINANCIAL METHODS OF MOTIVATION)
3. REDUCING THE SIZE OF THE WORKFORCE
4. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT (ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE)
5. MID-TERM EXAMINATION
6. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT (TYPES OF LEADERSHIP STYLES AND EFFECTS OF TRADE UNIONS
ON EMPLOYEES)
7. MID-TERM BREAK
8. INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL COMMUNICATION
9. MARKETING COMPETITION AND CUSTOMERS
10. MARKET RESEARCH (PRIMARY AND SECONDARY RESEARCH)

11 REVISION
12 EXAMINATION
DESCRI PTI O N
TERM: SECOND TERM

WEEK: 1
TOPIC: MOTIVATING EMPLOYEES (BENEFITS OF A WELL MOTIVATED EMPLOYEES)
LESSO N O BJECTI VES: AT THE END O F THE STUDY, STUDENTS W I LL BE ABLE TO ;

i. Define motivation and explain reasons why people work.
ii. Discuss the different motivation theories.
CAUSES AND CO NSEQ UENCES O F PRI CE CHANGES
Motivation is defined as the factors that influence the behavior of workers towards achieving
set business goals.
MO TI VATI O N THEO RI ES
There are basically three motivation theories, however, we shall focus our attention on just one
which is the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.
BENEFI TS O F A W ELL-MO TI VATED W O RKFO RCE
Increased labour productivity: this will help a business to reduce average costs and increase
competitiveness resulting in higher output and profits.
Low absenteeism: this will reduce non-attendance at work without good reason.
Low labour turnover: this will reduce recruitment costs as workers are not leaving the
organization in large numbers.
EVALUATI O N:
DESCRI PTI O N
TERM: SECOND TERM

WEEK: 2
TOPIC: MOTIVATING EMPLOYEES (FINANCIAL AND NON-FINANCIAL METHODS OF MOTIVATION)

i. Distinguish between financial and non-financial rewards/motivators
O THER FI NANCI AL REW ARDS/MO TI VATO RS
NO N-FI NANCI AL REW ARDS/MO TI VATO RS
Non-financial rewards are methods used to retain or recruit workers and to recognize the
status of certain employees in a workplace. It does not involve cash payment. These are
sometimes called perks or fringe benefits. It includes the following
Other methods include:
EVALUATI O N:
1 Assume the price of a sack of rice falls from $25 to $24, resulting in an increase in quantity
demanded from 850 sacks to 875 sacks per month.
DESCRI PTI O N
TERM: SECOND TERM

WEEK: 3
TOPIC: REDUCING THE SIZE OF THE WORKFORCE

i. Define the workforce planning
ii. Explain reasons for downsizing the workforce
iii. Discuss legal controls over employment.
CONTENT
Workforce planning is establishing the workforce needed by the business for the foreseeable
future in terms of the number of and skills of employees required.
REASONS FOR REDUCING THE SIZE OF THE WORKFORCE
when an employee is made redundant, they may be given

money to compensate them for losing their jobs.
LEGAL CO NTRO LS O VER EMPLO YMENT I SSUES
The governments of most countries have passed laws aimed at protecting workers from being
exploited by employers and dismissed unfairly. The areas covered include;
i. Contract of employment
ii. Unfair dismissal
iii. Discrimination
iv. Health and safety
v. Legal minimum wage
EVALUATI O N:
1. State two features of contract of employment

2. Identify and explain two types of discrimination in the workplace
DESCRI PTI O N
TERM: SECOND TERM

WEEK: 4
TOPIC: ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT (ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE)

i. Define organizational structure.
ii. Draw a simple hierarchical structure
iii. Explain the roles of management
CONTENT
Below is a simple organization chart.

CHAI N O F CO MMAND AND SPAN O F CO NTRO L
The span of control is the total number of subordinates working directly under a manager.
A chain of command is the structure in an organization which allows information to be passed
down from senior management to lower levels of management.
DEFI NI TI O NS
THE RO LE O F MANAGEMENT
Planning
Organizing
Coordinating
Commanding
Controlling
Delegating
DELEGATI O N
This refers to giving a subordinate the authority to perform a particular task.

EVALUATI O N:
DESCRI PTI O N
TERM: SECOND TERM

WEEK: 6
TOPIC: ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT (TYPES OF LEADERSHIP STYLES AND EFFECTS OF TRADE UNIONS ON EMPLOYEES)
LESSO N O BJECTI VES: AT THE END O F THE STUDY, STUDENTS W I LL B E ABLE TO ;

i. define leadership styles
ii. explain the different leadership styles.
iii. discuss the advantages and disadvantages of these leadership styles .
iv. Define a trade union and explain its merits and demerits
CONTENT
Leadership styles are the different approaches to dealing with people when in a position of
authority.
LEADERSHI P STYLES
AUTO CRATI C LEADERSHI P STYLES
»
DEMO CRATI C LEADERSHI P STYLES
LAI SSEZ-FAI RE LEADERSHI P STYLES
TRADE UNI O N
BENEFI TS O F JO I NI NG A TRADE UNI O N
DRAW BACKS O F JO I NI NG A TRADE UNI O N
EVALUATI O N:
1 Give two advantages and disadvantages of each leadership styles

2 What are the advantages and disadvantages of joining a trade union?
DESCRI PTI O N
TERM: FIRST TERM

WEEK: 7
TOPIC: MID-TERM BREAK
DESCRI PTI O N
TERM: SECOND TERM

WEEK: 8
TOPIC: INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL COMMUNICATION

i. Define communication and state the importance of effective communication to business.
ii. Explain the difference between internal and external, formal and informal communication.
iii. Explain the different methods of communication.
iv. Discuss the barriers to effective communication and how it can be overcome.
CONTENT
Communication is the transfer of information or messages from a sender to a receiver who

understands the message.
Importance of effective communication to business
i. It prevents wastages
ii. It reduces costs
iii. It improves efficiency
I NTERNAL CO MMUNI CATI O N
This is the transfer of messages between workers in the same organization.

EXTERNAL CO MMUNI CATI O N
This is the transfer of messages between the organization and other organisations or individuals
outside of the business.
EVALUATI O N:
DESCRI PTI O N
TERM: SECOND TERM

WEEK: 9
TOPIC: MARKETING COMPETITION AND CUSTOMERS

i. Define government microeconomic policy measures: regulation; privatisation and nationalisation ; and direct provision of
goods to address market failure.
CONTENT
RULES AND REGULATI O NS
Governments can also impose rules and regulations in an attempt to solve market failure. For
example, imposing laws on the minimum age that people must be before they are legally
allowed to purchase cigarettes or alcohol may reduce the consumption of such demerit goods.
Laws can also restrict where people can smoke.
Other examples of laws and regulations imposed to correct market failures are:
» laws regulating where people can drive, cycle and gamble
» regulations imposed to make sure children are vaccinated against certain diseases
» laws making it illegal for people to eat or to talk on a mobile phone while driving
» motorcyclists being made to wear a helmet and car passengers having to wear seat belts
» airport authorities regulating the number of night flights.
follows:
» Consumption of the good or service may be reduced.
» Awareness of the negative impacts of demerit goods (such as drinking and driving) can help to
change the behaviour of people in the long term.
» Awareness of the positive impacts of consuming merit goods (such as education) is raised.
The disadvantages of imposing rules and regulations to correct market failures are as follows:
» Restrictions cause underground (illegal) markets to provide the good or service, often at a very high
price.
» The government has no control over the quality of the goods produced in underground markets,
which in some cases can be dangerous for consumption — for example, illegally distilled vodka or
tainted baby milk powder.
» People break the rules — for example, under-age smokers and alcohol drinkers can bypass the law by
obtaining false ID cards.
» The fine or punishment for ignoring the rules and regulations must be enforced and set sufficiently
high to discourage consumption of the good or service.
EDUCATI O N
The government can insist that schools educate students about the negative side-effects of
smoking and passive smoking. Another example is the government using informative
advertising and education to explain the benefits of eating at least five portions of fruits and
vegetables each day.
PRI VATI SATI O N AND NATI O NALI SATI O N
Privatisation refers to the transfer of the ownership of assets from the public sector to the
private sector.
Advantages of privatisation include the following:
» The ability to earn one-off privatisation proceeds from the sale of state-owned assets.
» Privatisation helps to reduce government debt in three ways: the government no longer has
to maintain the operation of state-owned enterprises, it earns revenue from the sale of the
privatised business, and the private sector firm pays corporate taxes.
» It also reduces costs to taxpayers, who no longer have to pay to finance the operations of the
business.
» Private sector businesses have the incentive to improve efficiency, which promotes a culture
of risk taking and innovation.
Disadvantages of privatisation include the following:
» The process creates a private sector monopolist, which makes customers to face higher
prices.
» To protect the public interest, privatisation may still require government regulation and
intervention.
» There is a trade-off (opportunity cost) as state-owned enterprises can provide social benefits,
such as education, housing, postal services and public transport.
Nationalisation is the purchase of private sector assets by the government, bringing them into
the ownership and control of the public sector.
DI RECT PRO VI SI ON
EVALUATI O N:
1 Why might a national minimum wage, set above the market equilibrium, cause unemployment?
2 How does indirect taxation work to correct certain market failures?
3 How might subsidies be used to correct certain market failures?
4 How might the use of rules and regulation help to correct certain market failures?
5 How might the use of education and advertising reduce the consumption of cigarettes?
6 What is the difference between privatisation and nationalisation with regard to the correction of
market failure?
DESCRI PTI O N
TERM: SECOND TERM

WEEK: 10
TOPIC: MARKETING RESEARCH (PRIMARY AND SECONDARY)

i. Define market research and state its importance to business
ii. Distinguish between primary and secondary research
iii.
CONTENT
Market research is the process of gathering, analyzing and interpreting information about a
market.
I MPO RTANCE O F MARKET RESEARCH
DEFI NI TI O N O F PRI MAR Y RESEARCH
It is the collection and collation of original data via direct contact with potential or existing
customers. Also, called field research.
METHO DS O F PRI MARY R ESEARCH
Questionnaires
Online surveys
Interviews
Samples
Focus group
Observation
DEFI NI TI O N O F SECO ND ARY RESEARCH
It is the collection and collation of information that has already been collected and available for
the use of other people or organisations. Also, called desk research.
METHO DS O F SECO NDARY RESEARCH
Government statistics
Internet
Newspapers
Magazines
Market research agencies
PRESENTATI O N O F DATA FRO M MARKET RESEARCH
EVALUATI O N:

Second Term Year 10 Business Enote

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Second Term Year 10 Business Enote

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CALEB BRITISH INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, ABIJO GRA

2024/2025 ACADEMIC SESSION

WEEK TOPIC / THEME

1. MOTIVATING EMPLOYEES (BENEFITS OF A WELL MOTIVATED WORKFORCE THEORIES OF MOTIVATION)

2. MOTIVATING EMPLOYEES (FINANCIAL AND NON-FINANCIAL METHODS OF MOTIVATION)

3. REDUCING THE SIZE OF THE WORKFORCE

4. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT (ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE)

8. INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL COMMUNICATION

9. MARKETING COMPETITION AND CUSTOMERS

10. MARKET RESEARCH (PRIMARY AND SECONDARY RESEARCH)

TERM: SECOND TERM

LESSO N O BJECTI VES: AT THE END O F THE STUDY, STUDENTS W I LL BE ABLE TO ;

CAUSES AND CO NSEQ UENCES O F PRI CE CHANGES

BENEFI TS O F A W ELL-MO TI VATED W O RKFO RCE

TERM: SECOND TERM

LESSO N O BJECTI VES: AT THE END O F THE STUDY, STUDENTS W I LL BE ABLE TO ;

O THER FI NANCI AL REW ARDS/MO TI VATO RS

NO N-FI NANCI AL REW ARDS/MO TI VATO RS

Other methods include:

TERM: SECOND TERM

LESSO N O BJECTI VES: AT THE END O F THE STUDY, STUDENTS W I LL BE ABLE TO ;

REASONS FOR REDUCING THE SIZE OF THE WORKFORCE

when an employee is made redundant, they may be given

LEGAL CO NTRO LS O VER EMPLO YMENT I SSUES

1. State two features of contract of employment

TERM: SECOND TERM

LESSO N O BJECTI VES: AT THE END O F THE STUDY, STUDENTS W I LL BE ABLE TO ;

Below is a simple organization chart.

CHAI N O F CO MMAND AND SPAN O F CO NTRO L

This refers to giving a subordinate the authority to perform a particular task.

TERM: SECOND TERM

LESSO N O BJECTI VES: AT THE END O F THE STUDY, STUDENTS W I LL B E ABLE TO ;

AUTO CRATI C LEADERSHI P STYLES

LAI SSEZ-FAI RE LEADERSHI P STYLES

BENEFI TS O F JO I NI NG A TRADE UNI O N

DRAW BACKS O F JO I NI NG A TRADE UNI O N

1 Give two advantages and disadvantages of each leadership styles

TERM: FIRST TERM

TERM: SECOND TERM

LESSO N O BJECTI VES: AT THE END O F THE STUDY, STUDENTS W I LL BE ABLE TO ;

Communication is the transfer of information or messages from a sender to a receiver who

I NTERNAL CO MMUNI CATI O N

This is the transfer of messages between workers in the same organization.

EXTERNAL CO MMUNI CATI O N

TERM: SECOND TERM

LESSO N O BJECTI VES: AT THE END O F THE STUDY, STUDENTS W I LL BE ABLE TO ;

RULES AND REGULATI O NS

PRI VATI SATI O N AND NATI O NALI SATI O N

TERM: SECOND TERM

LESSO N O BJECTI VES: AT THE END O F THE STUDY, STUDENTS W I LL BE ABLE TO ;

DEFI NI TI O N O F PRI MAR Y RESEARCH

METHO DS O F PRI MARY R ESEARCH

METHO DS O F SECO NDARY RESEARCH

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