Luo Bu Ma Formula

Luo Bu Ma Pian
Origins:Modern
formula

Luo Bu Ma Formula (Luo Bu Ma Pian) is a modern herbal formulation from China based on current clinical research.
General Signs/Symptoms
Luo Bu Ma Formula (Luo Bu Ma Pian) is used to treat excess-type hypertension and high cholesterol as well as associ-
ated signs and symptoms of a liver in excess such as headache, dizziness, vertigo, red eyes, pressure behind the eyes, irrita-
bility, restlessness, and insomnia.
Formula Actions
1. Calms and decongests liver 4. Extinguishes liver wind 7. Benefits the heart, liver, and
2. Clears liver heat and breaks up 5. Clears blazing ministerial fire eyes
clumping 6. Promotes urination to drain 8. Moistens intestines
3. Regulates liver blood dampness
Ingredients
Pinyin Latin English Percent of Formula
Luo Bu Ma (chief) Apocyni Veneti Folium Apocynum, Dogbane Leaf 45%
Xia Ku Cao (deputy) Prunellae Spica Prunella, Self-Heal Spike 10%
Gou Teng (deputy) Uncariae Ramulus cum Uncis Hook Vine, Gambir, Uncaria 10%
Jue Ming Zi (deputy) Cassiae Semen Cassia seed, Sickle-pod Senna 10%
Ju Hua (assistant) Chrysanthemi Flos Chrysanthemum 7%
Ze Xie (assistant) Alismatis Rhizoma Asian Water Plantain 6%
Chuan Niu Xi (assistant) Cyathulae Radix Cyathula Root 6%
Shan Zha (deputy) Crataegi Fructus Chinese Hawthorn Fruit 6%
General Indications / Modern Applications
• Atherosclerosis • Face, flushed • Irritability
• Cholesterol, elevated • Fatty liver • Palpitations
• Dizziness or vertigo • Glaucoma • Restlessness
• Edema • Headache, distending • Stool, dry
• Eyes, excessive tearing, painful, red, • Hypertension • Urination, inhibited
swollen, or pressure behind • Insomnia

Formula Discussion
Luo Bu Ma Formula (Luo Bu Ma Pian) is a modern formulation designed principally to address hypertension and secondarily to
reduce elevated cholesterol levels and fatty liver deposits. It also can alleviate chronic eye issues and other signs/symptoms of exu-
berant yang and blazing fire such as dizziness and vertigo, facial flushing, irritability, and fluid retention. The common denomina-
tor for all these conditions is a liver in excess. Luo Bu Ma Formula (Luo Bu Ma Pian) clears liver heat and drains ministerial fire,
extinguishes liver wind, subdues ascendant yang, unblocks urination, and benefits the blood vessels and heart.
Because Luo Bu Ma Formula (Luo Bu Ma Pian) clears blazing ministerial fire and benefits the liver, kidneys, and heart, it is also
used as an anti-aging formula. One common clinical perspective on the causes of age-related health issues is this: As we age, we
tend to accumulate stasis (of blood and phlegm) on the one hand, while on the other hand, we become increasingly susceptible
to damaging and diminishing our yin. Usually, before yin becomes deficient, there is persistent heat that consumes the yin. Stress
generates heat in two ways. One is simply that pressure itself increases heat, not unlike a pressure cooker. The other way involves
our “will” to keep producing and acting in order to meet the demands of modern life. The “will” resides in the body as kidney yang,
and when we habitually call upon our will power to meet deadlines and push ourselves beyond natural limits, we are fanning the
yang source to burn brighter. The result from doing this again and again—usually for many years—is a systemic exuberance of
yang, which can lead to the consumption of yin, if not settled and cleared.
Not everyone with hypertension has a significant deficiency of yin. In fact, in our 30s and 40s—the time of life when one is
most likely to first develop hypertension—many individuals still have plenty of yin, but the stressful lives we lead produce large
amounts of excess heat and tax the liver. In addition to and in combination with stress, dietary factors can tax the liver, especially
these three: processed foods, fried foods and refined sugar. These same kinds of foods also add to both the heat and the accumula-
tion factors. Luo Bu Ma Formula (Luo Bu Ma Pian) is designed to help those people whose yin may still be sufficient, but who
have excess yang factors, a stressed out liver, and mild to moderate phlegm and/or blood stasis, of which high cholesterol and fatty
liver are common examples. Rather than lowering blood pressure by nourishing yin, the correct strategy in the patterns described
here is to clear the excesses and strengthen the liver, heart and kidneys.
Luo Bu Ma Formula Monograph © 2020, Herbal Medicine Press

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 Formula Actions
2
• Calms and decongests
Luo Bu Ma Formula
liver
• Clears liver heat and
breaks up clumping
• Regulates liver blood
• Extinguishes liver wind
• Promotes urination to
drain dampness and
heat
• Subdues exuberant liver
yang
• Benefits heart, liver, and
eyes
• Moistens intestines
Tongue
May be normal, red, or dull red,
may be swollen, may have a thick,
yellow coating.
Pulse
Rapid, full, rising to the surface,
may be tense in liver position.
Contraindications/
Cautions
Do not use during pregnancy.
Do not use if patient has low
blood pressure, diarrhea from
spleen qi deficiency, or is taking
diuretic drugs. Do not take if
hypokalemic.
Cautionary Note: Herbs
and formulas that clear heat and
promote urination, if taken long-
term, run the risk of depleting
potassium. If your patient feels
that urination has become
excessive or if she/he begins to
develop palpitations or chronic
muscle cramping, have their
potassium levels checked by a
qualified lab.i
Dosage
Since this formula is only used
for excess patterns, the dosage is
often slightly higher compared
to deficiency patterns. Suggested
starting dose is 3 tablets two
or three times a day. Some
individuals may require up to 4
tabs three times a day for a brief
period of 1-6 months before a
smaller dose (2-3 tablets, three
times a day) will maintain a
healthy blood pressure.
LUO BU MA 2020 FINAL.indd 2
Synergy of Ingredients
The chief ingredient of this formula is the eponymous apocynum (luo bu ma), comprising nearly 50% of
the entire formula. So effective for lowering blood pressure, apocynum (luo bu ma) is often used by itself
and consumed as a tea to manage hypertension. On its own, it has nearly all the actions in the formula:
apocynum (luo bu ma) clears liver heat, subdues yang, extinguishes wind, benefits the heart, slightly moist-
ens the intestines, and is a gentle diuretic. Clearing away these specific excesses while supporting the liver,
heart, and kidney, relieves a burden on human physiology. Apocynum (luo bu ma) is therefore widely val-
ued as an “anti-aging” herb.
Sweetness is the taste ascribed to tonics. None of the herbs in this formula are categorized as “tonics,” yet
with a single exception, all the herbs in the formula have a “sweet” taste ascribed to them. This is no coin-
cidence. Hypertension is a condition requiring treatment for the long term, but Chinese medicine teaches
that constant clearing over a long period will inevitably lead to deficiency. And so, 7/8 of the ingredients
used in Luo Bu Ma Formula (Luo Bu Ma Pian) are present in the formula partly because Chinese medi-
cal history has ascribed to them a “sweet” taste, while each of these in modern times has been utilized
for its ability to lower blood pressure. The one ingredient in the formula that is not “sweet” is the deputy,
prunella (xia ku cao). Prunella (xia ku cao)ii drains liver fire and excels at dispersing clumps/dissipating
nodules and clearing excesses from the eyes.
Most of the ingredients of Luo Bu Ma Formula (Luo Bu Ma Pian) cool the liver and benefit the eyes.
Many of them also treat headache and extinguish wind. The deputy, uncaria (gou teng), strongly extin-
guishes wind and is one of the most common herbs used to treat headache caused by liver yang rising. It is
often combined with prunella (xia ku cao) to treat headache, dizziness, and hypertension. Liver wind can
sometimes cause muscle spasms, especially if triggered or aggravated by stress. Uncaria (gou teng) can help
calm spasms when too much yang is coming into the muscles from the (du) governing vessel.
Chrysanthemum (ju hua) is one of the assistant herbs. Like several of the others, chrysanthemum (ju
hua) cools the liver, brightens the eyes, and treats headache. Its action upon wind is more dispersing than
subduing. This means that it pushes excess wind out through the exterior because it enters the lung chan-
nel. Because it is cooling and also enters the liver channel, chrysanthemum (ju hua), when combined with
uncaria (gou teng), cassia seed (jue ming zi), and the chief herb, apocynum (luo bu ma)—all of which guide
its actions to the liver—can settle internal wind as well. Chrysanthemum (ju hua) is considered another
anti-aging herb because, taken over time, it helps to regulate qi and blood flow in order to prevent accumu-
lations without depleting the vital humors. In modern times, chrysanthemum (ju hua) is often combined
with hawthorn fruit (shan zha) and cassia seed (jue ming zi) to treat high cholesterol and hypertension.
Cassia seed (jue ming zi) is the most nourishing of the herbs in Luo Bu Ma Formula (Luo Bu Ma Pian),
yet its primary actions are to clear heat and extinguish blazing fire to benefit the eyes, and to settle rising
liver yang by nourishing, cooling and generally calming the liver. It is indicated for headache, red swollen
eyes, dizziness and vertigo. It nourishes the kidneys as well as the liver and, in modern times has been used
extensively to treat hypertension, fatty liver, and elevated cholesterol. The oils from the seed moisten the
intestines. It is often combined with prunella (xia ku cao) for symptoms affecting the head and eyes such as
dizziness/vertigo, red swollen eyes, and headache. It is also frequently combined with chrysanthemum (ju
hua) and/or uncaria (gou teng) for similar indications.
Hawthorn fruit (shan zha) is in the category of “herbs that relieve food stagnation,” yet that action is not
its primary reason for inclusion in Luo Bu Ma Formula (Luo Bu Ma Pian). Hawthorn fruit (shan zha)
not only has an affinity for the middle burner, it also goes to the liver channel to invigorate blood, trans-
form stasis, and disperse clumps. Hawthorn fruit (shan zha) effectively breaks up phlegm clumping as
well. Because of these actions it has become a popular herb for treating elevated cholesterol and fatty liver
as well as hypertension.
Cyathula root (chuan niu xi) is the only ingredient of Luo Bu Ma Formula (Luo Bu Ma Pian) from the
“regulate blood” category. It enters the liver and kidney to unblock stagnation and it drains dampness. It is
most often used in trauma formulas, formulas to treat menstrual blockage, or for wind-damp bi syndrome
affecting the lumbar or knees. In this formula it is being used to unblock the vessels and collaterals and to
ease the burden of the liver and kidneys. Another assistant, Asian water plantain (ze xie), is considered an
essential herb for settling ministerial fire. It unblocks urination and drains accumulated damp heat. Given
that poor dietary habits, which lead to the development of damp heat, are often a major part of the picture
in how this pattern develops, Asian water plantain (ze xie) provides a necessary compliment to the herbs
focused on heat building up in the liver.
Modern Applications
Hypertension—A study tested the effects of apocynum (luo bu ma) on spontaneous hypertension, renal
hypertension, and NaCl-induced hypertension in rats. In the spontaneous hypertension experiment, the
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 results showed apocynum (luo bu ma) to be effective at significantly
decreasing systolic blood pressure. It was noted that the effects were
weaker than that of the pharmaceutical medication captopril, an ACE
inhibitor. For renal hypertension, the study showed that apocynum
(luo bu ma) significantly decreased systolic blood pressure as well
as significantly increased urine volume and urinary Na+ and K+
excretions, and decreased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level. In the
NaCl-induced hypertension, apocynum (luo bu ma) was found to
decrease systolic blood pressure. There was no change in Na+ or K+
values, but the BUN level was lower than the control group. The anti-
hypertensive effect of apocynum (luo bu ma) is believed to be due to
the amelioration of kidney function.iii
A study was conducted to see the effects of prunella (xia ku cao), one
of the most commonly prescribed herbs for hypertension, on blood
pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats. In the study, the rats
were divided into two groups: a hypertensive control group and the
treatment group. The results showed the arterial systolic blood pres-
sure was significantly lower in the treatment group compared to that
of the control group.iv
Another study used uncaria (gou teng) and sickle-pod senna (jue ming
zi) for the treatment of hypertension due to liver yang hyperactivity
with liver and kidney yin deficiency. 96 patients were divided into a
trial group and a control group. Benazepril, a pharmaceutical drug
for hypertension, was given to both groups as a basic treatment. Un-
caria (gou teng) and sickle-pod senna (jue ming zi) were given to the
trial group once a day for eight weeks. The changes in blood pressure
and clinical symptoms were monitored in both groups. The results
showed a total efficacy rate of 89.36% in lowering blood pressure and
93.62% in improvement of clinical symptoms in the trial group. This
is compared to 68.89% and 66.67% respectively in the control group.
The study demonstrated that compared to anti-hypertensives alone,
uncaria (gou teng) plus sickle-pod senna (jue ming zi) are more effec-
tive in the treatment of patients with hypertension due to liver yang
hyperactivity with liver and kidney yin deficiency.v
In a recent study, chrysanthemum (ju hua) was shown to have hypo-
tensive effects. Rats with cardiac hypertrophy induced by renovascu-
lar hypertension were used. They were given the herbal extract once a
day for four weeks. The results showed that chrysanthemum (ju hua)
may alleviate hypertensive cardiac hypertrophy in rats—the mecha-
nisms being related to the reduction of blood pressure and ameliora-
tion of the myocardial energy metabolism.vi
Alismol—an active component of Asian water plantain (ze xie)—was
isolated in a recent study and used on various hypertensive rat mod-
els. The research showed that alismol caused a sustained antihyper-
tensive action in all the experimental models. It was noted, however,
that the anti-hypertensive effects were weak.vii, viii
Cyathula root (chuan niu xi) was used in a study to be evaluated for
its use as an alternate antihypertensive. Cyathula root (chuan niu xi)
was administered at low, medium, and high doses to hypertension
induced rats over a two-month period. The results showed cyathula
root (chuan niu xi) effected a marked decrease in the measured blood
pressure parameters. It was noted that the outcome of this study
potentially validated the use of cyathula root (chuan niu xi) as antihy-
pertensive.ix
Hyperlipidemia—An experimental study to observe the effect of
Chinese hawthorn fruit (shan zha) treating hypertension and hyper-
lipidemia in rats was conducted. Administration was done once a
day for eight weeks. Systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol (TC),
triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density
LUO BU MA 2020 FINAL.indd 3
lipoprotein (HDL) were measured. The results showed that com-
pared to the model group, the treatment groups at various dosages all
had significantly reduced TC, TG, LDL, an increase in HDL, and the
middle and high dosages of Chinese hawthorn fruit (shan zha) could
maintain systolic blood pressure.x
Research was conducted to determine the anti-hyperlipidemic effect
of gambir (gou teng). The research used ethyl acetate fraction of gam-
bir (gou teng) extract in a rat model. Rats were induced with a high
cholesterol and saturated fat feeds for 28 days. Rats were then given
treatment for 28 days. The results showed that low dosing of gambir
(gou teng) reduced total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein
(LDL) levels; mid dosing of gambir (gou teng) reduced TC, LDL as
well as triglycerides (TG); and high dosing of gambir (gou teng) re-
duced TC, LDL levels, TG, as well as increased the HDL levels.xi
Sickle-pod senna (jue ming zi) was investigated in an animal study for
its lipid metabolism effects. In the study, rats were divided into three
groups: a normal group, a control group that was fed a high choles-
terol diet, and a treatment group that was fed a high cholesterol diet
with sickle-pod senna (jue ming zi) for five weeks. The results showed
that total cholesterol (TC) levels and triglyceride (TG) levels were
reduced significantly in the treatment group. Additionally, compared
to the control group, serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was in-
creased in the treatment group. Fecal bile acid and lipid excretion was
also significantly increased in the treatment group.xii
The potential effects of essential oils from Asian water plantain (ze
xie) on lipid metabolism were studied in a murine research model.
It was shown that oral administration of Asian water plantain (ze
xie) for three weeks significantly reduced plasma total cholesterol
and triacylglycerols (TAGs)—the storage form of fatty acids in the
body—concentrations by 29% and 46% respectively, showing that the
essential oils from Asian water plantain (ze xie) may have hypocholes-
terolemic properties.xiii
Atherosclerosis—A study was conducted observing the anti-atheroscle-
rotic effects of apocynum (luo bu ma). The study used flavonoid ex-
tract from apocynum (luo bu ma) on rats that were fed high fat feed for
nine weeks. Treatment was then administered one time a day for four
weeks. The results showed significant decrease of serum total choles-
terol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and
malondialdehyde (MDA); and an increase of high-density lipoprotein
(HDL) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Additionally, increased
appetite and body weight were observed in the apocynum (luo bu ma)
groups compared to the control. Upon sample collection and examina-
tion, the apocynum (luo bu ma) groups revealed reduced areas of aorta
lipid deposition and reduced thickening of arterial wall. Additionally,
the aortic sub-endothelial foam cells (a type of cell that contains cho-
lesterol) and lipid vacuoles decreased. The research showed apocynum
(luo bu ma) has an obvious anti-atherosclerotic effect.xiv
Chrysanthemum (ju hua) was used in a study to evaluate the anti-ath-
erosclerotic activity of the herb against high fat diet induced rats. Rats
Luo Bu Ma Formula
were fed a high fat diet for 28 days. Glucose, high-density lipoprotein
(HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol (TC), and
triglycerides (TG), among other parameters were evaluated. The re-
sults showed chrysanthemum (ju hua) exhibited a significant decrease
in glucose, TG, TC, and LDL levels when compared to the control
group. Chrysanthemum (ju hua) showed anti-atherosclerotic activity
with significant reduction in lipid profile, glucose, and total protein.xv
Diabetes—A murine research study using prunella (xia ku cao) was
conducted to investigate anti-diabetic effects of the herb. Mice were
treated with a high fat, high cholesterol diet along with prunella (xia
3
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 ku cao) for 8 weeks. Prunella (xia ku cao) markedly lowered blood glu-
4
cose and systolic blood pressure. Additionally, total cholesterol (TC),
Luo Bu Ma Formula
triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were markedly
decreased, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was increased.xvi
In another study, cyathula root (chuan niu xi) was evaluated for its an-
tidiabetic effects. In the study diabetic induced rats showed increased
levels of aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT),
lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in
the liver, as well as elevated levels of glucose and cholesterol in serum.
The study showed that oral administration of cyathula root (chuan
niu xi) reversed this condition.xvii
Formula Comparisons
Gastrodia & Uncaria Formula
Gastrodia and Uncaria Formula (Tian Ma Guo Teng Yin) is the
most frequently prescribed Chinese herbal formula for hypertension
and has been shown to be effective for hyperlipidemia.xviii, xix As both
Gastrodia and Uncaria Formula (Tian Ma Guo Teng Yin) and Luo
Bu Ma Formula (Luo Bu Ma Pian) are effective to treat hypertension
and high cholesterol, differentiation is important. Gastrodia and Un-
caria Formula (Tian Ma Guo Teng Yin), like Luo Bu Ma Formula
(Luo Bu Ma Pian), has the function to calm the liver, clear heat, and
extinguish wind. However, it is more effective for these conditions
when caused by an underlying deficiency, specifically of liver yin. Luo
Bu Ma Formula (Luo Bu Ma Pian) is going to be used for conditions
like hypertension and high cholesterol, and their related symptoms,
when due to excess, especially liver fire, and will be stronger to clear
heat, calm the liver, subdue yang, and extinguish wind, when com-
pared to Gastrodia and Uncaria Formula (Tian Ma Guo Teng Yin).
Hematite & Scrophularia Combination
Hematite and Scrophularia Combination (Zhen Gan Xi Fang Teng)
is another classical formula used to treat hypertension. This formula,
like Gastrodia and Uncaria Formula (Tian Ma Guo Teng Yin) is de-
signed to treat both excess and deficiency, but pays more attention to
the treatment of the excess manifestations. In Hematite and Scroph-
ularia Combination (Zhen Gan Xi Fang Teng) there is a strong focus
on the descending function used to quell liver wind and subdue the
yang. This is done with minerals like hematite (dai zhe shi), fossilized
Useful Combinations
There can be multiple diagnoses for hypertension and its related symptoms in Chinese medicine. It is important to differentiate and treat ac-
cordingly. The following formulas can be used alone or together with Luo Bu Ma Formula (Luo Bu Ma Pian) as a root-branch treatment.
For yang deficiency
For both yin and yang deficiency
For yin deficiency
For yin and blood deficiency
For qi stagnation with phlegm-heat
For wind phlegm
For qi, yin, and blood deficiency
For blood stasis
For qi stagnation with heat
LUO BU MA 2020 FINAL.indd 4
bone (long gu), and oyster shell (mu li). Compared to the previous two
formulas, Luo Bu Ma Formula (Luo Bu Ma Pian) is the strongest
to clear excess, specifically clear liver fire and subdue liver yang. Fol-
lowed by Hematite and Scrophularia Combination (Zhen Gan Xi
Fang Teng), the action of which is anchoring. For long-term use, Luo
Bu Ma Formula (Luo Bu Ma Pian) is also more suitable to address
the excess conditions, as it does not contain heavy herbs, such as
minerals and shells, which can be difficult to digest. However, middle
burner and constitutional support may still be needed.
Endnotes
i
In the vast majority of cases this formula has a beneficial effect on the heart and liver. Though rare,
signs and symptoms of hypokalemia (sudden muscle cramping, palpitations, fatigue, tingling and
numbness, or chronic digestive problems) may develop if the patient is taking this formula regularly
for several months at a time.
ii
Though not “sweet” per se, Zhu Dan-xi claims (controversially) that it nevertheless has an ability to
nourish liver yin and blood.
iii
Kim DW, et al., “Effects of aqueous extracts of apocynum venetum leaves on spontaneously
hypertensive, renal hypertensive and NaCl-fed-hypertensive rats,” Journal of Ethnopharmacology,
2000;72:1.
iv
You SM, Zhu YT, “Effects of prunella vulgaris on blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats,”
Zhejiang Institute of Dermatology, Deqing (China) 2011;3.
v
Wang YK, et al., “Clinical efficacy of gambir plant and cassia obtusifolia L recipe for hypertension
patients with liver yang hyperactivity,” Chinese General Practice, 2011;19.
vi
Gao T, Zhu ZY, Zhou X, Xie ML “Chrysanthemum morifolium extract improves hypertension-
induced cardiac hypertrophy in rats by reduction of blood pressure and inhibition of myocardial
hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha expression,” Pharmaceutical Biology, 2016;54:12.
vii
Yamahara J, Kobayashi G, et al., “The effect of alismol isolated from alismatis rhizoma on
experimental hypertensive models in rats,” Phytotherapy Research, 1989;3:2.
viii
Chung MJ, Park KW, Kim KH, et al., “Asian plantain (plantago asiatica) essential oils suppress
3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-co-enzyme A reductase expression in vitro and in vivo and show
hypocholesterolemic properties in mice,” British Journal of Nutrition, 2008;99:1.
ix
Ojekale A, Lawal OA, Lasis M, “Cyathula prostrata: a potential herbal hope for hypertensives,
an animal model study and its secondary metabolites assessment via GC-MS,” European Journal of
Medicinal Plants, 2015;14:2.
x
Yuan Y, Zhao J, Gao, HJ, Wang JH, “Experimental study on the effect of hawthorn on compounding
hypertension and hyperlipidemia rats,” Journal of Xin Jiang Medical University, 2013;1.
xi
Yunarto N, Intan PR, Kurniatri AA, et al., “Potential of ethyl acetate fraction from gambir leaf
extract as antihyperlipidemia,” The Indonesian Pharmaceutical Journal, 2015;5:1.
xii
Cho IJ, Lee C, Ha TY, “Hypolipidemic effect of soluble fiber isolated from seeds of cassia tora linn.
in rats fed a high-cholesterol diet,” Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2007;55:4.
xiii
Chung MJ, Park KW, Kim KH, et al., op. cit.
xiv
Zhang Y, et al., “Anti-atherosclerotic effect of flavonoids in folium apocyni veneti,” Chinese Journal of
Public Health, 2016;12.
xv
Sravanthi P, et al., “Anti-atherosclerotic activity of ethanolic extract of chrysanthemum idicum
l. flowers against high fat diet induced atherosclerosis in male wistar rats,” Asian Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 2017;10:9.
xvi
Sun MH, et al., “Anti-diabetic effect of prunella vulgaris in db/db mice with type 2 diabetes,” The
American Journal of Chinese Medicine, 2012;40:5.
xvii
Kavitha M, et al., “Protective effect of cyathula prostrata extract on alloxan induced diabetes
mellitus in rats,” IUP Journal of Biotechnology, 2011;5:3.
xviii
Yang PR, Shih WT, Chu YH, et al., “Frequency and co-prescription pattern of Chinese herbal
products for hypertension in Taiwan: a cohort study,” BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine,
Combine with or use Essential Yang Formula.
Combine with or use Two Immortals Formula.
Combine with or use Rehmannia and Scrophularia or
Rehmannia Six Formula.
Combine with or use He Shou Wu Formula.
Combine with or use Bupleurum D Formula.
Combine with or use Pinellia and Gastrodia Combination.
Combine with or use Baked Licorice Formula.
Combine with or use Blood Palace Formula.
Combine with or use Free and Easy Wanderer Plus.
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