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AIS 130 - ch1
AIS 130 - ch1
AIS 130 - ch1
Chapter 1 Objectives
Recognize the importance of Recognize the importance of computer literacy computer literacy Define the term, computer Define the term, computer Describe the categories of computers Describe the categories of computers Identify the components Identify the components of a computer of a computer Discuss the advantages and Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using computers disadvantages of using computers Identify the elements of Identify the elements of an information system an information system
Distinguish between system software Distinguish between system software and application software and application software
A World of Computers
Computers are everywhere: at work, at school and at home.
What Is a Computer?
How is a computer defined?
Electronic device operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory
Accepts data Unprocessed items, raw facts, figures, and symbols Processes data into information Data that is organized, meaningful, and useful
What Is a Computer?
What is the information processing cycle?
of The series of Input Process Output Storage Communication
p. 6 Fig. 1-2
microphone
digital camera
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 1, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Input Devices below Chapter 1 p. 7 Fig. 1-3
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 1, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Output Devices below Chapter 1 p. 8 Fig. 1-3
Memory
Consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed and data needed by those instructions
p. 8
Physical material on which data, Physical material on which data, instructions, and information are stored instructions, and information are stored
Storage device Storage device
Records and retrieves items to and from Records and retrieves items to and from a storage medium a storage medium
p. 8
CDs
Memory Cards
p. 7
DVDs
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 1, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Communications Devices below Chapter 1 p. 9
Data Data
To save To save Information time Information time and and money money
p. 8
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 1, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Internet below Chapter 1 p. 8 Fig. 1-6
Communications Information Shopping Banking and Investing Classes Entertainment Download Music Share Information
You can share You can share information on aasocial information on social networking Web site networking Web site
A podcast is A podcast is recorded audio recorded audio stored on aaWeb site stored on Web site that can be that can be downloaded downloaded
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 1, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Social Networking Web Site below Chapter 1 p. 10
A Web page contains A Web page contains text, graphics, audio, text, graphics, audio, video, and links to video, and links to other Web pages other Web pages
A blog consists of timeA blog consists of timestamped articles in stamped articles in aajournal format journal format
Speed
Reliability
Consistency
Storage
p. 10
Communications
Speed
Computer operations occur through electronic circuits. When data, instructions and information flow along these circuits, they travel at incredibly fast speeds
Reliability
Consistency
Given the same input and processes, a computer will produce the same results. Computer generate error free results, provided the input is correct and the instructions work (GIGO)
Storage
Communications
Health Risks
Impact on Environment
p. 5
Health Risks
Prolonged or improper computer use can lead to injures or disorders of the hands, wrists, elbows, eyes, neck and back
Impact on Environment
Computer Software
What is software?
Consists of a series Consists of a series of instructions that of instructions that tells the computer tells the computer what to do what to do
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 1, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Computer Programs below Chapter 1 p. 15
Computer Software
What is system software?
Programs that control or maintain the operations of the computer and its devices
Operating System (OS) Operating System (OS) is aaset of programs is set of programs that coordinates all that coordinates all activities among activities among computer hardware Utility Programs allow the user computer hardware Utility Programs allow the user devices and allows to perform maintenance-type tasks devices and allows to perform maintenance-type tasks users to run users to run usually related to managing aa usually related to managing application software computer, its devices or its programs application software computer, its devices or its programs
p. 15-16
Computer Software
What is application software?
Programs that perform specific tasks for users
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 1, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Application Software below Chapter 1 p. 16 Fig. 1-11
Computer Software
Javascript program
What is a programmer?
Someone who develops application or system software
Programmer writes instructions to direct computer to process data into information
p. 18 Fig. 1-13
Categories of Computers
What are the categories of computers?
Personal Computers (desktop) Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices Game Consoles Servers Mainframes Supercomputers Embedded Computers
p. 13
Personal Computers
What are the two most popular series of personal computers?
PC and compatibles use the Windows operating system Apple Macintosh uses the Macintosh operating system (Mac OS)
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 1, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Personal Computers below Chapter 1 p. 19 Figs. 1-151-16
Personal Computers
What is a desktop computer?
Designed so all of the components fit entirely on or under a desk or table
p. 21 Fig. 1-18
p. 21 Fig. 1-20
p. 21
p. 22 Fig. 1-20
A smart phone allows you to send and received email messages and access the Web
p. 22 Figs. 1-211-22
Game Consoles
What are game consoles?
Mobile computing device designed for single-player or multiplayer video games Use handheld controller as input device, a television screen as output device and hard disk, CDs, DVDs and memory cards for storage .
p. 16 Fig. 1-19
Servers
What types of servers are there?
A server controls access to network resources and provides centralized storage Mainframe Very powerful, expensive computer that supports thousands of computers Supercomputer The fastest, most powerful, most expensive computer. Used for applications requiring complex mathematical calculations
p. 23 Figs. 1-231-25
Embedded Computers
What is an embedded computer?
A special-purpose computer that functions as a component in a larger product
p. 24 Fig. 1-26
p. 25 Fig. 1-27
Chapter 1 Complete