APPENDIX E — NONMANDATORY

CONSTRUCTION DETAILS

E-100 INTEGRAL HEADS (Blind Ends)

The thickness and proportions of blind ends of cylin-
drical vessels may conform to the recommendations
given in this Appendix without detailed stress analysis.

A99 E-110 THICK WALL PROPORTIONS

(a) If the DO /DI ratio of the vessel is 1.5 or more,
the proportions of blind pressure vessel ends shall be
kept within the following limits (see Fig. E-110).
(1) The minimum inside corner radius Rc shall be
25% of the design thickness of the vessel wall.
(2) The thickness of the blind end at the tangent
of the inside corner (tb in Fig. E-110) shall be no less
than the design thickness of the vessel wall and no
greater than twice the design thickness tw of the ves-
sel wall.
(3) The maximum angle ␣ from the tangent of
the inside corner to the vessel centerline shall be 10
deg. from the plane perpendicular to the vessel axes
(see Fig. E-110).
(4) The diameter Dop of any opening in the blind
end shall not exceed 15% of the vessel inside diameter
and shall be located on the vessel centerline.
(b) The maximum inside surface meridianal stress
used to perform the fatigue evaluation in accordance FIG. E-110 THICK WALL BLIND END A99
with KD-141 shall be calculated by the following PROPORTIONS NOT REQUIRING
equation: DETAILED ANALYSIS

␴1 p 1.045(Dc /tc)2 P

tb p DI (1.5CP/Sy)0.5 (1)

E-120 THIN WALL PROPORTIONS

(a) If the DO /DI ratio of the vessel is less than 1.5,
the minimum thickness of blind ends (as shown in Fig. (b) The minimum multiplier to be used with the C
E-120) shall be calculated by the following equation: values below when performing fatigue and fracture

301

ASME B&PVC sec83$u285 05-14-99 16:48:13 pd: sec83 Rev 14.04

 E-120 1998 SECTION VIII — DIVISION 3 E-210

FIG. E-120 THIN WALL BLIND END PROPORTIONS NOT REQUIRING DETAILED ANALYSIS

mechanics evaluations using Articles KD-3 and KD-4, generally the largest portion of the load. The following
respectively, is 1.8. The stress intensity is: method may be used to determine the load distribution.
The threads are numbered from the undercut.
S p 1.8C(DI /tb)2 P (2)

(c) The value of C to be used in Eqs. (1) and (2)

shall be based on the following.
(1) C p 0.22 if the inside corner radius is at E-210 NOMENCLATURE (See Figs.
least three times the minimum required end thickness. E-210.1, E-210.2, and E-210.3)
(2) C p 0.44 if the inside corner radius is less
than three times the minimum required end thickness. ABp cross-sectional area of the vessel normal to the
The inside corner radius shall be greater than or equal vessel axis through the internal threads
to 25% of the design thickness of the vessel wall tw. ␲ 2
(d) There is no special requirement with regard to p (Do − D2p)
4
cylinder lengths in the case of dissimilar cylindrical
thicknesses; however, the taper between such thick- ACp cross-sectional area of the closure normal to the
nesses shall be a minimum of 3:1. vessel axis through the external threads
␲ 2
p Dp
4
E-200 THREADED END CLOSURES
CMp combined flexibility factor of the body and
Specific requirements for threads and threaded clo- closure
sures are given in Article KD-6. In the following, one
thread is understood to mean one 360 deg. turn of a
single start thread with a full cross section. The number
p 冢A1 + A1 冣 P
B c
T

of threads should be less than 20 but at least 4. The CTp flexibility factor of the threads
helix angle of the thread should not exceed 2 deg. The
2
internal thread should have a generous undercut. The p
axial length of the external threaded portion should be Dp
at least one thread pitch longer than the mating internal DOp outside diameter of the vessel
threaded portion to ensure full engagement of all internal Dpp pitch diameter of the threads
threads. F1p load on the first thread
The threads do not carry the axial load uniformly. F2p load on the second thread
The internal thread closest to the undercut carries Fip load on the ith thread

302

ASME B&PVC sec83$u285 05-14-99 16:48:13 pd: sec83 Rev 14.04

 APPENDIX E — NONMANDATORY Fig. E-210.1

FIG. E-210.1 TYPICAL THREADED END CLOSURE

303
Fig. E-210.2 1998 SECTION VIII — DIVISION 3 Fig. E-210.3

FIG. E-210.2 THREAD LOADING DISTRIBUTION

FIG. E-210.3 DETAIL OF FIRST THREAD

304
E-210 APPENDIX E — NONMANDATORY E-222

TABLE E-222.1
CONTINUOUS THREAD EXAMPLE

Fi
Thread [Note (1)] Fsum CM /CT × Fsum Fi , %
10 1.000 1.000 0.065 4.1
9 1.065 2.065 0.135 4.3
8 1.200 3.265 0.213 4.9
7 1.413 4.679 0.305 5.7
6 1.719 6.398 0.418 7.0

5 2.137 8.534 0.557 8.7

4 2.694 11.228 0.733 10.9
3 3.427 14.655 0.957 13.9
2 4.384 19.039 1.243 17.8
1 5.627 24.666 1.611 22.8
NOTE:
(1) FT p 24.666 (obtained by adding the ten Fi values).

Fnp load on the last thread PVP-Vol. 148, pp. 43–53, June 1988.) Starting with
FTp total load on all threads the last thread Fn, calculate the load on the previous
PTp thread pitch thread Fn−1 and the load on Fn−2, and so on.
Sp number of loaded segments in one pitch
Sip segment load
SMp combined flexibility factor of the body and the
closure
CM E-222 Interrupted (Breech) Thread
p
S A similar equation for segments to those for full
STp flexibility factor of the threads threads is:

p CT2S

np total number of threads SM

Si p Si+1 + (Ssum)
ST

E-220 THREAD LOAD DISTRIBUTION

E-221 Continuous Threads (a) Example for Continuous Thread. Assuming the
load on the last thread is unity, given the values below,
The thread load distribution may be obtained by: we obtain the values in Table E-222.1.
DOp 26
CM Dpp 13
Fi p Fi+1 + (Fsum)
CT PTp 1
np 10
where ABp 398.197
ACp 132.732
n CMp 0.01
Fsum p
oF
jpi+1
j
CTp 0.154
(b) Example for Interrupted Thread. For S p 4
(one-eighth turn to open), we obtain the values in Table
(See Crum, A. S. D.; High Pressure Technology, ASME E-222.2.

305
Table E-222.2 1998 SECTION VIII — DIVISION 3

TABLE E-222.2
INTERRUPTED THREAD EXAMPLE

Thread No. Segment No. Si Ssum SM /ST × Ssum S, % Thread, %

10 40 1.000 1.000 0.002 1.52 6.12

10 39 1.002 2.002 0.004 1.53 ...
10 38 1.006 3.008 0.006 1.53 ...
10 37 1.012 4.020 0.008 1.54 ...

9 36 1.020 5.041 0.010 1.56 6.33

9 35 1.031 6.072 0.012 1.57 ...
9 34 1.043 7.115 0.015 1.59 ...
9 33 1.058 8.172 0.017 1.61 ...

8 32 1.074 9.247 0.019 1.64 6.74

8 31 1.093 10.340 0.021 1.67 ...
8 30 1.114 11.454 0.023 1.70 ...
8 29 1.138 12.592 0.026 1.74 ...

7 28 1.163 13.755 0.028 1.77 7.36

7 27 1.191 14.947 0.030 1.82 ...
7 26 1.222 16.169 0.033 1.86 ...
7 25 1.255 17.424 0.036 1.91 ...

6 24 1.290 18.714 0.038 1.97 8.24

6 23 1.329 20.043 0.041 2.03 ...
6 22 1.370 21.412 0.044 2.09 ...
6 21 1.413 22.826 0.047 2.15 ...

5 20 1.460 24.285 0.050 2.23 9.38

5 19 1.509 25.795 0.053 2.30 ...
5 18 1.562 27.357 0.056 2.38 ...
5 17 1.618 28.975 0.059 2.47 ...

4 16 1.677 30.652 0.063 2.56 10.82

4 15 1.739 32.391 0.066 2.65 ...
4 14 1.806 34.197 0.070 2.75 ...
4 13 1.875 36.072 0.074 2.86 ...

3 12 1.949 38.021 0.078 2.97 12.62

3 11 2.027 40.047 0.082 3.09 ...
3 10 2.108 42.156 0.086 3.21 ...
3 9 2.194 44.350 0.090 3.35 ...

2 8 2.285 46.635 0.095 3.48 14.83

2 7 2.380 49.015 0.100 3.63 ...
2 6 2.480 51.495 0.105 3.78 ...
2 5 2.585 54.080 0.110 3.94 ...

1 4 2.695 56.775 0.116 4.11 17.54

1 3 2.811 59.586 0.122 4.29 ...
1 2 2.933 62.519 0.128 4.47 ...
1 1 3.060 65.579 0.134 4.67 ...

306