Date: 26-11-2022

Subject- AP Economy
Syllabus- Major Scientific institutes for science and technology in AP and India. Major
Scientific Institutes for Research and Development in AP and India.,
Number of questions- Mains: 02, Prelims – 10
Mains Questions of the day:
1. Write a brief note about Satish Dhawan Space Centre
Introduction:
Satish Dhawan Space Centre - SDSC is a rocket launch centre operated by Indian Space
Research Organisation. It is located in Sriharikota in Andhra Pradesh. Sriharikota Range was
renamed in 2002 after ISRO's former chairman Satish Dhawan.
Also, the Satish Dhawan Space Centre SHAR (SDSC SHAR), Sriharikota, the Spaceport of
India, is one of the lead centres of Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), Department
of Space (DOS), Government of India.

Body:
Describe in detail about Satish Dhawan Space Centre
Conclusion:

The Centre provides world class launch base infrastructure for national and international
customers in accomplishing diverse launch vehicle/satellite missions for remote sensing,
communication, navigation & scientific purposes and is one among the best known names of
the Spaceports of the world today.
Content:

 Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC) SHAR, Sriharikota, the Spaceport of India, is
responsible for providing Launch Base Infrastructure for the Indian Space
Programme.
 This Centre has the facilities for solid propellant processing, static testing of solid
motors, launch vehicle integration and launch operations, range operations comprising
telemetry, tracking and command network and mission control centre.
 The Centre has two launch pads from where the rocket launching operations of PSLV
and GSLV are carried out. The mandate for the centre is
o to produce solid propellant boosters for the launch vehicle programmes of
ISRO
o to provide the infrastructure for qualifying various subsystems and solid rocket
motors and carrying out the necessary tests
o to provide launch base infrastructure for satellites and launch vehicles.
o SDSC SHAR has a separate launch pad for launching sounding rockets.
 o The centre also provides the necessary launch base infrastructure for sounding
rockets of ISRO and for assembly, integration and launch of sounding rockets
and payloads.

2. Write a brief note on Central Tobacco Research Institute

Introduction:
Government of India constituted Indian Central Tobacco Committee (ICTC) in 1945 keeping
in view the important role played by tobacco in national economy and employment
generation. The Central Tobacco Research Institute was established in 1947 at Rajahmundry
under the aegis of ICTC, Madras
Body:
Describe in detail about Central Tobacco Research Institute

Conclusion:
Today, tobacco trade provides employment directly and indirectly to 45.7 million people and
contributed as much as Rs.22, 737 crore as excise duty and Rs. 5,969 crore in terms of
foreign exchange to the national exchequer. Thus, Central Tobacco Research Institute’s role
in such progress is vital in both social and economic aspects.

Content:

1. The function of CTRI was taken over by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research
(ICAR) in 1965. CTRI has six regional Research Stations located at Guntur,
Kandukur, Jeelugumilli, Hunsur, Vedasandur, Dinhata and two Krishi Vigyan
Kendras located at Kalavacharla and Kandukur in Andhra Pradesh.
2. All India network project on tobacco was sanctioned in 1971 has 3 main centres, 7
sub centres and 4 voluntary centres to carry out the multi-locational trials on various
types of tobacco. Tobacco is one of the important high value commercial crops grown
in an area of 0.45 million hectares over 15 states in India.
3. Presently, India stands second in production of tobacco (760 million kg) in the world
after China.
4. Following are the major objectives of Central Tobacco Research Institute

 Basic and strategic research on domestic and exportable types of tobacco,

improvement in quality and value added products.
 Coordination of tobacco research and developing alternate usage of tobacco.
 Identification of alternative crops/ cropping systems for tobacco growing
regions of the country.
 Dissemination of technologies and capacity building.
5. Central Tobacco Research Institute (CTRI) provides basic and strategic research on
domestic and exportable types of tobacco, improvement in quality, value-added
products and also the development of alternate usage of tobacco.
6. The Institute is the biggest of its kind in Asia, well equipped with the most
sophisticated instruments for carrying out basic and applied research, especially in the
frontier areas like Biotechnology, Biochemistry and Smoke Research at
Rajahmundry.