Ficha de Exercícios

Vetores

ALGA-2024
 −→ −→
1. Calcular as coordenadas dos vectores AB e BA sabendo que:

(a) A(0, 2) e B(2, 0); (b) A(3, −1, 2) e B(−1, 2, 1)

2. Determinar o ponto B, sabendo que:

−→ −→
(a) AB = (2, 3) e A(0, 1); (b) AB = (3, −1, 4) e A(1, 2, −3).
−
→ → − → → −
→ 3−→ −→
3. Calcule −
→
a + b,− a − b , 2−
a + 3 b , −5−
→
a + b , se −
→
a = (2, −1) e b = (3, 4).
2
4. Determine a origem do segmento que representa o vector −→a = (2, 3, −1), sendo que a ex-
tremidade é o ponto B(0, 4, 2).

5. Se 3( x, y, z) + 5(−1, 2, 3) = (4, 1, 3), ache x, y e z.

−
→
6. Determinar os vectores − →
a e b , sendo
−
→ −→ −→
a = ( x + y, 3x − y), b = (2x, y − 2x ), −
→
a + b = (5, 1).
−
→ −→
7. Designando a e b os comprimentos dos vectores −
→
a e b , respectivamente, calcule −
→
a · b
nos seguintes casos:
−
→ −
→
(a) a = 2, b = 4, (−
→a , b ) = 45◦ ; (c) a = 3, b = 2, −
→
a e b têm sentidos opostos;
−
→ −→
(b) a = 1, 5, b = 4, (−
→a , b ) = 60◦ ; (d) a = 3, b = 2, −
→a e b têm mesmo sentido.
−
→
8. calcule (−
→
a ,−
→
a ) e (−
→
a , b ), se:
−→ −→
(a) −
→
a = (2, −1) e b = (3, 4); (b) −
→
a = (2, 2, 0) e b = (−1, 1, 0).

9. Dados os vértices do triângulo A(−1, −2, 4), B(−4, −2, −0) e C (3, −2, 1). Determine:

(a) O ângulo ABC; (b) O perímetro Do triângulo ABC.

−→
10. Calcule |−
→
a × b | se:
−
→ −
→ −
→ −→
(a) |−
→
a | = 1, | b | = 2 e (−
→
a , b ) = 120◦ ; (b) |−
→
a | = 10, | b | = 2 e −
→
a · b = 12.
−→ −→ −→
11. Ache as coordenadas do vector (−
→
a × b ) × b , se −
→
a = (3, −1, −2) e b = (1, 2, −1).
−→ −
→ −→
12. Calcule −
→
a · b , se |−
→
a | = 3, | b | = 26 e |−
→
a × b | = 72.
−→ −→
13. Sejam −
→
a = (3, −1, −2) e b = (1, 2, −1). Determine −
→
a × b.
−→
14. Sejam −
→
a = (2, −3, 1), b = (−3, 1, 2) e −
→
c = (−1, −2, 2). Determine:
−→ −
→ −→ −
→ → − →
(a) (−
→
a × b )×−
→
c; (b) b × (−
→
a × b ); (c) b · (−
a × b ).

15. Calcule a área do paralelogramo construido pelos vectores:

−
→ −
→ −
→ − → −
→ −
→ −
→ −→ − → −→ − →
(a) −
→
a = 6 i + 3 j − 2 k e b = 3 i − 2 j + 6 k ; (b) −
→
a = i e b = j − k.

1
16. Determine a área e as alturas do triângulo ABC, se:

(a) A(1, −1, 2), B(5, −6, 2) e C (1, 3, −1); (b) A(1, 2, 0), B(3, 0, −3) e C (5, 2, 6).
−→
17. sejam −
→
a = (1, −1, 3), b = (−2, 2, 1) e −
→
c = (3, −2, 5), calcule:
−
→ → −
→ → − −
→ →
(a) (−
→
a , b ,−
c ); (b) ( b , −
a ,→
c ); (c) (−
→
c , b ,−
a ).
−
→
18. Calcule o volume do paralelopípedo cujos lados são os vectores: −
→
a = (1, −3, 1), b =
(2, 1, −3) e −
→
c = (1, 2, 1).

19. calcule o volume do tetraedro ABCD onde:

(a) A(2, 3, 1), B(4, 1, −2), C (6, 3, 7), D (−5, −4, 8).

(b) A(2, −1, 1), B(5, 5, 4), C (3, 2, −1), D (4, 1, 1).

20. Verifique se são complanares os seguintes vectores:

−→
(a) −
→
a = (2, 3, −1), b = (1, −1, 3) e −
→
c = (1, 9, −11);
−→
(b) −
→
a = (3, −2, 1), b = (2, 1, 2) e −
→
c = (3, −2, −1);
−→
(c) −
→
a = (2, −1, 2), b = (1, 2, −3) e −
→
c = (3, −4, 7).

21. Determine o(s) valor(es) de x para que os pontos A(5, x, 2), B(3, 1, −1), C (9, 4, −4) e D (1, 5, 0)
sejam coplanares.