nine 9

Three phase induction motors are one of the most widely used industrial machines.
This is mainly due to their simplicity, high reliability and robustness. Although
three phase induction motors have the same physical stator as a synchronous
machine, they do have different rotor constructions. In addition, three phase
induction motors are divided into two groups: squirrel-cage and wound rotor. The
magnitude of the flux in the quadrature axis in the stator diminishes, so that the
flux will be zero, but the speed is increased above the synchronous speed. The
rotor current comes from rotor voltage, so the resultant backward rotating for the
flux component provides the magnetomotive force (mmf) so the flux is positive in
the quadrature axis. So, the speed at which the magnetic field rotates can be
determined. If the motor is connected to rated frequency, the speed of the magnetic
field is called the synchronous speed (Ns).

The following table shows the relationship between number of poles and synchronous
speed when the frequency equals 50HZ.

Pole pairs

Number of poles

Synchronous speed

Table (3.1) relationship between number of poles and synchronous

The relationship between number of poles and synchronous speed is inversely

proportional.

3.2 Equivalent circuit of an induction motor.

The per phase equivalent circuit is very important for induction motors and can be
used to provide a great deal of understanding and prediction of performance of the
induction motor in a stable state. The induction motor needs to provide for
operation on the induction voltage and current in the rotor circuit from the stator
circuit (transformer action); this is because the voltage and current in the rotor
circuit of an induction motor is basically a transformer operation. So the
equivalent circuit of the induction motor is similar to the equivalent circuit of
the transformer. (In the transformer, primary like the stator in the induction
motor, secondary in the transformer like the rotor in the induction motor.