PVSYST 7.0.17 SHUANGDENG GROUP CO.LTD.

AFGHANISTAN BRANCH 24/11/20 Page 1/6

Grid-Connected System: Simulation parameters

Project : DESIGN, SUPPLY AND INSTALLATION OF 5.5 MW HYBRID SOLAR
PV POWER PLANT AT DAYKUNDI PROVINCE
Geographical Site SOKHTOK-NILI Country Afghanistan
Situation Latitude 33.75° N Longitude 66.23° E
Time defined as Legal Time Time zone UT+4.5 Altitude 2213 m
Albedo 0.20
Meteo data: SOKHTOK-NILI Meteonorm 7.2, Sat=100% - Synthetic

Simulation variant : New simulation variant

Simulation date 24/11/20 15h26

Simulation parameters System type No 3D scene defined, no shadings

Collector Plane Orientation Tilt 31° Azimuth 0°
Models used Transposition Perez Diffuse Perez, Meteonorm
Circumsolar separate
Horizon Free Horizon
Near Shadings No Shadings
User's needs : Unlimited load (grid)

PV Arrays Characteristics (2 kinds of array defined)

PV module Si-poly Model 325W-72P
Custom parameters definition Manufacturer AIDUO
Sub-arrays

#1 - PV Array
Number of PV modules In series 18 modules In parallel 185 strings
Total number of PV modules nb. modules 3330 Unit Nom. Power 325 Wp
Array global power Nominal (STC) 1082 kWp At operating cond. 959 kWp (50°C)
Array operating characteristics (50°C) U mpp 605 V I mpp 1585 A
#2 - Sub-array #2
Number of PV modules In series 18 modules In parallel 55 strings
Total number of PV modules nb. modules 990 Unit Nom. Power 325 Wp
Array global power Nominal (STC) 322 kWp At operating cond. 285 kWp (50°C)
Array operating characteristics (50°C) U mpp 605 V I mpp 471 A
Total Arrays global power Nominal (STC) 1404 kWp Total 4320 modules
Module area 8399 m²

Sub-arrays - Inverters

#1 - PV Array Model BCS500K-A

Original PVsyst database Manufacturer KEHUA
Characteristics Unit Nom. Power 500 kWac Oper. Voltage 450-825 V
Max. power (=>25°C) 600 kWac
Inverter pack Total power 1000 kWac Pnom ratio 1.08
Nb. of inverters 2 units
#2 - Sub-array #2 Model BCS100K-A
Custom parameters definition Manufacturer KEHUA
Characteristics Unit Nom. Power 100 kWac Oper. Voltage 360-1150 V
Inverter pack Total power 300 kWac Pnom ratio 1.07
Nb. of inverters 3 units

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 PVSYST 7.0.17 SHUANGDENG GROUP CO.LTD. AFGHANISTAN BRANCH 24/11/20 Page 2/6

Grid-Connected System: Simulation parameters

PV Array loss factors

Array Soiling Losses Loss Fraction 3.0 %
Thermal Loss factor Uc (const) 29.0 W/m²K Uv (wind) 0.0 W/m²K / m/s
Wiring Ohmic Loss Array #1 6.5 mΩ Loss Fraction 1.5 % at STC
Array #2 22 mΩ Loss Fraction 1.5 % at STC
Global Loss Fraction 1.5 % at STC
Serie Diode Loss Voltage drop 0.7 V Loss Fraction 0.1 % at STC
LID - Light Induced Degradation Loss Fraction 2.0 %
Module Quality Loss Loss Fraction 2.5 %
Module mismatch losses Loss Fraction 1.0 % at MPP
Strings Mismatch loss Loss Fraction 0.10 %
#1 - PV Array
Incidence effect, ASHRAE parametrization IAM = 1 - bo (1/cos i - 1) bo Param. 0.05
#2 - Sub-array #2
Incidence effect, ASHRAE parametrization IAM = 1 - bo (1/cos i - 1) bo Param. 0.05
Unavailability of the system 7.3 days, 3 periods Time fraction 2.0 %

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 PVSYST 7.0.17 SHUANGDENG GROUP CO.LTD. AFGHANISTAN BRANCH 24/11/20 Page 3/6

Grid-Connected System: Main results

Project : DESIGN, SUPPLY AND INSTALLATION OF 5.5 MW HYBRID SOLAR
PV POWER PLANT AT DAYKUNDI PROVINCE
Simulation variant : New simulation variant
Main system parameters System type No 3D scene defined, no shadings
PV Field Orientation tilt 31° azimuth 0°
PV modules Model 325W-72P Pnom 325 Wp
PV Array Nb. of modules 4320 Pnom total 1404 kWp
Inverter Model BCS500K-A Pnom 500 kW ac
Inverter Model BCS100K-A Pnom 100 kW ac
Inverter pack Nb. of units 5.0 Pnom total 1300 kW ac
User's needs Unlimited load (grid)

Main simulation results

System Production Produced Energy 2495622 kWh/year Specific prod. 1778 kWh/kWp/year
Performance Ratio PR 78.66 %
Investment Global 8'611'715.65 INR Specific 6.13 INR/Wp
Yearly cost Annuities 0.00 INR/yr Running Costs 1'473'240.04 INR/yr
LCOE 0.67 INR/kWh Payback period 0.8 years

Normalized productions (per installed kWp): Nominal power 1404 kWp Performance Ratio PR

10 1.1
Lc: Collection Loss (PV-array losses) 1.14 kWh/kWp/day PR: Performance Ratio (Yf / Yr) : 0.787
1.0
Ls: System Loss (inverter, ...) 0.19 kWh/kWp/day
Yf: Produced useful energy (inverter output) 4.87 kWh/kWp/day 0.9
8
[kWh/kWp/day]

0.8
Performance Ratio PR

0.7
6
0.6
Energy

0.5
4
0.4
Normalized

0.3

2 0.2

0.1

0 0.0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

New simulation variant

Balances and main results

GlobHor DiffHor T_Amb GlobInc GlobEff EArray E_Grid PR

kWh/m² kWh/m² °C kWh/m² kWh/m² kWh kWh ratio

January 84.7 31.94 -0.06 129.0 122.3 158943 142761 0.788

February 105.1 39.23 2.03 142.2 135.0 173570 152876 0.766
March 139.9 55.40 7.38 164.8 156.0 194069 189997 0.821
April 171.3 63.76 11.64 179.9 169.7 205795 189294 0.749
May 218.4 63.46 15.62 205.6 193.4 229254 224528 0.778
June 242.5 57.80 18.79 217.6 204.5 239426 234632 0.768
July 250.0 53.02 20.91 229.7 216.0 249065 244056 0.757
August 220.0 56.05 20.21 222.3 209.8 242554 237826 0.762
September 201.2 39.53 16.02 233.2 220.7 260119 255050 0.779
October 160.5 36.14 10.79 215.6 205.1 248680 243722 0.805
November 107.7 27.15 4.41 166.8 158.4 200502 196359 0.838
December 93.3 27.59 0.75 152.9 145.3 188632 184521 0.860

Year 1994.7 551.05 10.76 2259.7 2136.3 2590608 2495622 0.787

Legends: GlobHor Global horizontal irradiation GlobEff Effective Global, corr. for IAM and shadings
DiffHor Horizontal diffuse irradiation EArray Effective energy at the output of the array
T_Amb T amb. E_Grid Energy injected into grid
GlobInc Global incident in coll. plane PR Performance Ratio

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 PVSYST 7.0.17 SHUANGDENG GROUP CO.LTD. AFGHANISTAN BRANCH 24/11/20 Page 4/6

Grid-Connected System: Loss diagram

Project : DESIGN, SUPPLY AND INSTALLATION OF 5.5 MW HYBRID SOLAR
PV POWER PLANT AT DAYKUNDI PROVINCE
Simulation variant : New simulation variant
Main system parameters System type No 3D scene defined, no shadings
PV Field Orientation tilt 31° azimuth 0°
PV modules Model 325W-72P Pnom 325 Wp
PV Array Nb. of modules 4320 Pnom total 1404 kWp
Inverter Model BCS500K-A Pnom 500 kW ac
Inverter Model BCS100K-A Pnom 100 kW ac
Inverter pack Nb. of units 5.0 Pnom total 1300 kW ac
User's needs Unlimited load (grid)

Loss diagram over the whole year

1995 kWh/m² Global horizontal irradiation

+13.3% Global incident in coll. plane

-2.54% IAM factor on global

-3.00% Soiling loss factor

2136 kWh/m² * 8399 m² coll. Effective irradiation on collectors

efficiency at STC = 16.79% PV conversion

3011901 kWh Array nominal energy (at STC effic.)

-2.79% PV loss due to irradiance level

-5.12% PV loss due to temperature

-2.50% Module quality loss

-2.00% LID - Light induced degradation
-1.10% Mismatch loss, modules and strings
-1.30% Ohmic wiring loss
2590885 kWh Array virtual energy at MPP
-2.01% Inverter Loss during operation (efficiency)
-0.01% Inverter Loss over nominal inv. power
0.00% Inverter Loss due to max. input current
0.00% Inverter Loss over nominal inv. voltage
-0.01% Inverter Loss due to power threshold
0.00% Inverter Loss due to voltage threshold
-0.02% Night consumption
2537689 kWh Available Energy at Inverter Output

-1.66% System unavailability

2495622 kWh Energy injected into grid

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 PVSYST 7.0.17 SHUANGDENG GROUP CO.LTD. AFGHANISTAN BRANCH 24/11/20 Page 5/6

Grid-Connected System: P50 - P90 evaluation

Project : DESIGN, SUPPLY AND INSTALLATION OF 5.5 MW HYBRID SOLAR
PV POWER PLANT AT DAYKUNDI PROVINCE
Simulation variant : New simulation variant
Main system parameters System type No 3D scene defined, no shadings
PV Field Orientation tilt 31° azimuth 0°
PV modules Model 325W-72P Pnom 325 Wp
PV Array Nb. of modules 4320 Pnom total 1404 kWp
Inverter Model BCS500K-A Pnom 500 kW ac
Inverter Model BCS100K-A Pnom 100 kW ac
Inverter pack Nb. of units 5.0 Pnom total 1300 kW ac
User's needs Unlimited load (grid)

Evaluation of the Production probability forecast

The probability distribution of the system production forecast for different years is mainly dependent
on the meteo data used for the simulation, and depends on the following choices:
Meteo data source Meteonorm 7.2, Sat=100%
Meteo data Kind TMY, multi-year
Specified Deviation Climate change 0.0 %
Year-to-year variability Variance 2.5 %

The probability distribution variance is also depending on some system parameters uncertainties
Specified Deviation PV module modelling/parameters 1.0 %
Inverter efficiency uncertainty 0.5 %
Soiling and mismatch uncertainties 1.0 %
Degradation uncertainty 1.0 %
Global variability (meteo + system) Variance 3.1 % (quadratic sum)

Annual production probability Variability 76920 kWh

P50 2495622 kWh
P90 2396988 kWh

Probability distribution

0.50

0.45
P50 = 2495622 kWh
0.40 E_Grid simul = 2495622 kWh

0.35
P75 = 2443765 kWh
0.30
Probability

0.25

0.20
P90 = 2396988 kWh
0.15

0.10

0.05

0.00
2200000 2300000 2400000 2500000 2600000 2700000 2800000
E_Grid system production kWh

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Grid-Connected System: CO2 Balance

Project : DESIGN, SUPPLY AND INSTALLATION OF 5.5 MW HYBRID SOLAR
PV POWER PLANT AT DAYKUNDI PROVINCE
Simulation variant : New simulation variant
Main system parameters System type No 3D scene defined, no shadings
PV Field Orientation tilt 31° azimuth 0°
PV modules Model 325W-72P Pnom 325 Wp
PV Array Nb. of modules 4320 Pnom total 1404 kWp
Inverter Model BCS500K-A Pnom 500 kW ac
Inverter Model BCS100K-A Pnom 100 kW ac
Inverter pack Nb. of units 5.0 Pnom total 1300 kW ac
User's needs Unlimited load (grid)

Generated emissions Total: 1065.37 tCO₂

Source: Detailed calculation from table below:
Replaced Emissions Total: 70077.1 tCO₂
System production: 2495.62 MWh/yr Lifetime: 30 years
Annual degradation: 1.0%
Grid Lifecycle Emissions: 936 gCO₂/kWh
Source: IEA List Country: India
CO₂ Emission Balance Total: 59738.1 tCO₂

System Lifecycle Emissions Details:

Item Modules Supports
LCE 2345 kgCO2/kWp 6.24 kgCO2/kg
Quantity 420 kWp 12920 kg
Subtotal [kgCO₂] 984711 80661

Saved CO₂ Emission vs. Time

60000
50000
[tCO₂]

40000
30000
:

20000
Balance

10000
0
-10000
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Year

PVsyst Licensed to heaven designs pvt ltd (India)