FWS General Risk Assessment

GENERAL RISK ASSESSMENTS
Prepared by Nick Brion

July 2017
Cypress Place
Waterford House
Long Furlong
Clapham
West Sussex
BN13 3UT
01903 871710
General Risk Assessments
Table of Contents
1 Introduction.......................................................................................................................................................4
2 Site Clearance....................................................................................................................................................5
3 Buried Services..................................................................................................................................................8
4 Excavations........................................................................................................................................................9
5 Concreting Operations.....................................................................................................................................12
6 Screeding.........................................................................................................................................................15
7 Lifting Operations...........................................................................................................................................17
8 Brickwork & Blockwork.................................................................................................................................19
9 Work at Height................................................................................................................................................21
10 Roof Work...................................................................................................................................................24
11 Placing of Roof Trusses..............................................................................................................................27
12 Installation of Dry Lining / Partitioning......................................................................................................29
13 Installation of Plasterboard / Suspended Ceilings.......................................................................................31
14 Carpentry & Joinery Work..........................................................................................................................33
15 Plastering & Rendering...............................................................................................................................35
16 Decorating...................................................................................................................................................37
17 Plumbing & Heating....................................................................................................................................39
18 Temporary Electrical Supplies....................................................................................................................42
19 Low Voltage Electrical Works....................................................................................................................43
20 Use of Portable Electrical Equipment.........................................................................................................44
21 Use of Hand Tools.......................................................................................................................................46
22 Use of Abrasive Wheels..............................................................................................................................47
23 Use of Circular Saws / Chop Saws..............................................................................................................49
24 Use of Cartridge Operated Tools.................................................................................................................51
25 Use of Hydraulic & Pneumatic Powered Equipment..................................................................................53
26 Use of Ladders.............................................................................................................................................56
27 Use of Step Ladders....................................................................................................................................58
28 Use of Mobile Scaffold Towers..................................................................................................................60
29 Use of Staging Systems...............................................................................................................................62
30 Use of Access Scaffolding...........................................................................................................................64
31 Use of Genie Lift.........................................................................................................................................66
32 Use of Forklift Truck / Telehandler.............................................................................................................68
33 Use of 360 degree Excavator.......................................................................................................................71
34 Use of Dumper Trucks................................................................................................................................75
35 Use of Ride-on-Rollers................................................................................................................................78
36 Use of Compactor / Wacker Plate...............................................................................................................80
3001/08/2017 Page 2
37 Use of Cement Mixers.................................................................................................................................82

38 Use of Vibrating Equipment (Risk of HAVS)............................................................................................84
39 General Manual Handling Assessments......................................................................................................85
40 Noise Assessments......................................................................................................................................88
3001/08/2017 Page 3
1 Introduction
These are the general risk assessments relating to the key activities carried out by the Company. They are to be
used as a general reference when undertaking site work to ensure that general hazards are documented, together
with risk ratings before and after controls have been implemented, and to ensure that the general control
measures are implemented. They are to be used in conjunction with the site specific risk assessment.
The management will ensure that employees and self employed sub-contractors are made aware of the
significant findings of the risk assessments and the general precautions to eliminate or reduce the level of risk to
the lowest possible level. A copy of the general risk assessments will be available in the vans for easy reference.
Definitions
Hazard is something with the potential to cause harm (eg electricity, working at height,
Hazard
chemicals, vehicles)
Combination of the likelihood and consequence of a specified hazardous event
Risk
occurring.
Control Measures The measures necessary to eliminate or reduce the level of risk
Risk Rating Without
Level of risk before any control measures are implemented
Controls
Risk Rating With
Level of risk after control measures have been implemented
Controls
Determining the Risk Rating (See Risk Assessment Tables)
Risk Rating = Likelihood (of the hazard occurring) x Potential Severity (of the loss)
The likelihood of harm occurring as result of the hazard:-

1 = Very unlikely
Likelihood (L) 2 = Unlikely
3 = Possible
4 = Very likely
5 = Certain
The potential severity of harm caused:-

1 = Injury, no time off
Potential Severity (S) 2 = Injury, time off
3 = More than three days off
4 = Long term absence
5 = Death
Low = less than 7

Risk Rating (R) Med = between 8 & 14 High
= greater than 15
3001/08/2017 Page 4
2 Site Clearance
Risk Rating Risk Rating
Who might be Without Controls With Controls
Hazard Control Measures
harmed and how
L S R L S R
 Site survey, investigation and analysis by competent body
 Establish exclusion zones
Operatives, potential for
General Health Hazards  Provide and wear suitable gloves and safety boots and safe systems of work
contact with diseases
( biological, waste materials, 3 4 Med  Enforce high standards of hygiene 1 4 Low
resulting in possible life
chemicals)  Use of waterproof plasters
threatening infections
 Provision of information on risks
 Appropriate precautions such as vaccinations
Operatives – possible  Training in safe manual handling techniques
musculo-skeletal
 Maintain clear access routes to work areas
injuries, particularly
Manual Handling 4 4 High  Provision of suitable mechanical handling equipment 1 4 Low
back injuries, sprains,
 Provision of wheel barrows for small components
strains, cuts, fractures
etc  Wear suitable gloves and safety boots
Operatives, General
Public - major injury or
 Traffic plan, signs, information at induction, lighting, suitable entrance/exit points
Collision with vehicles death by people being run 3 5 High 1 5 Low
 Physical separation between pedestrians and vehicles
over by
vehicles/plant
General public, children –
 Fences or barriers around site with appropriate signs and lighting
major injuries through
Unauthorised access 3 5 High  Cover with secured and robust plates 1 5 Low
falls, contact with
equipment etc  Backfill as necessary
General public, possible
Spread of contamination off  Wheel wash facilities on site if required and sheeting down of lorries
minor or major injury as a 2 5 Med 1 5 Low
site
result of falling over  Careful control of discharges of water
 Identify and remove all redundant gas or flammable liquid storage vessels after
Operatives, general public,
establishing “no naked flames” safety zone
Explosion potential major injury, 2 5 Med 1 5 Low
 Consult borehole information for details of gases and remove by ventilation or
burns or death
specialist techniques
Operatives, general
public– potential for  Natural rainfall or controlled wetting of the surfaces
Dust 4 2 Med 2 2 Low
respiratory problems  Wear suitable dust mask if high levels of dust observed
and eye injuries
Operatives, others in  Suitable safety footwear worn
Slips, trips and falls 4 3 High 1 3 Low
vicinity – possible minor  Regular cleaning and clearing of waste
01/08/2017 Page 5
2 Site Clearance
harmed and how
L S R L S R
or major injury as a  Provision of temporary paths
result of falling over  Suitable lighting
Operatives – potential falls  Suitable work equipment and edge protection
Falls from height leading to major injury or 3 5 High  Clearly identified safe routes for pedestrians 1 5 Low
death  Warning signs
Operatives, others in  Substitute machine digging instead of hand digging
vicinity – injury /death
Collapse of excavation sides or  Use trench supports or battering as required
through falling into
existing pits or underground 4 4 High  Work carried out and supervised by competent persons 1 4 Low
excavations or injury death
voids  Calculations by site engineer
through
excavation collapse  Daily inspection / close monitoring
Operatives, others in
vicinity – potential  Site noisy continuous running plant away from workers.
Noise 4 2 Med 2 2 Med
hearing loss in long  Enforce wearing of high quality ear defenders.
term, tinnitus etc
 Contact owner to arrange examination of locations of services including site survey
vicinity – risk of death
Contact with buried services 3 5 High using available drawings, and location devices (radar or CAT type). 1 5 Low
by electrocution or
explosion  Arrange for disconnection and where necessary purging/draining down.
Operatives, others in  Contact owner to establish if site in area bombed during WW2 or for army live fire
Contact with UXB vicinity- risk of death by 3 5 High testing training 1 5 Low
explosion  Risk profile site using data base if high risk undertake detailed survey
 Survey of electrical systems
Electricity 3 5 High  Isolation and lock off electrical supplies before starting work 1 5 Low
by electrocution or
explosion  Use qualified electricians
Relevant legislation and sources of information
• Environmental Protection Act 1990
• Control of Pollution Act 1974
• Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002
• Control of Lead at Work Regulations 1998
• Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 2015
• Special Waste Regulations 1996
• Control of Asbestos Regulations 2012
• EH40 Occupational exposure limits
01/08/2017 Page 6
2 Site Clearance
harmed and how
L S R L S R
• HSG 66 Protection of workers and the public during the development of contaminated land
Managerial / Supervisory
• It must not be assumed that the forecast level of contamination will be accurate, arrangements should be in place for examining the effectiveness of control methods and the level of contamination
being encountered.
• Reasonable enquiries should be made of local people and experts (industrial archaeologists) to obtain additional information on likely hazards.
• The emergency services should be contacted in all cases and appraised of/visit the site situation regarding types of emergency, route for access, programme of work, contact person.
Training
• Operatives to undertake Induction training, as required.
01/08/2017 Page 7
3 Buried Services
harmed and how
L S R L S R
vicinity – risk of death  Planning to avoid known services by obtaining plans from owners who may have
Contact with electricity 3 5 High 1 5 Low
by electrocution or services in the area.
explosion
Contact with sewerage
Operatives, potential for  Studying plans (sometimes with the owner) on site, tracing with cable and pipe locating
containing unknown chemicals
contact with diseases devices, marking the location of suspected routes of services in conjunction with a study
and biological hazards such as 3 5 High 1 5 Low
resulting in possible life of street furniture (manhole covers, meter housings) and disturbed surfaces
Weil's
Disease threatening infections (reinstatement). Personnel should not wear synthetic clothing.
Rupture of liquid or gas fuel
pipelines with risk of ignition,
fire and explosion Rupture of  Excavating for suspected location of services by trained persons using safe digging
vicinity – risk of death 3 5 High 1 5 Low
hazardous gas or liquid pipelines techniques and marking on the surface the true location.
by fire or explosion
(toxic, corrosive,
flammable)
Damage to telemetry (eg  Subsequent mechanical excavation or use of no-dig technology supervised by
telephone or fibre optic cables) experienced banksmen to identify further evidence of undiscovered services, finally
Operatives 3 2 Low 1 2 Low
(costly but unlikely to be exposing them safely by hand when within 500mm of the suspected
injurious) service.
• Management of Health & Safety at Work Regulations 1999
• Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992
• Ensure site survey undertaken before work commences to establish site specific risks
• Prepare safe system of work and risk assessment before work commences
• Ongoing liaison with person in control of premises and other contractors.
Training
• Operatives to undertake Induction training, as required.
01/08/2017 Page 8
4 Excavations
harmed and how
L S R L S R
Operatives, uninvited
 Remove water.
Drowning persons risk of death by 2 5 Med 1 5 Low
drowning  Provision of escape ladders.
Operatives, potential for
 Enforce high standards of personal hygiene including eating and smoking only after
contact with diseases
Biological 2 5 Med washing hands. 1 5 Low
resulting in possible life
threatening infections  Provide accurate and relevant information on risks.
Operatives – possible  Training in safe manual handling techniques.
musculo-skeletal
 Provide clear access routes to work areas.
Manual handling 3 4 Med  Provide points of attachment on all plant to facilitate mechanical handling. 1 4 Low
strains, cuts, fractures  Provide wheelbarrows for small components.
etc  Gloves and safety footwear worn
Operatives – major injury
or death by being run over
Collision with vehicles 3 5 High  Physical separation between pedestrians and vehicles. 1 5 Low
by vehicles operated by
others
 Minimise excavation by using no dig technology.
 Substitute machine digging instead of hand digging.
 Stabilise the ground using trench support remotely installed (ie from outside the
excavation) or by battering, grouting, chemical stabilisation or ground freezing.
vicinity – injury /death
 Supervision and carrying out of the work by suitable, experienced and competent
through falling into
Collapse of excavation sides 3 5 High persons. 1 5 Low
excavations or injury
death through  Calculations by site engineer following detailed site investigation.
excavation collapse  Planned sequence of operations and details of any temporary support, eg bog mats and
system for transfer of materials to minimise surcharges to the support system.
 Special support to any exposed structure or equipment.

major injuries through  Backfill cover with secured and robust plates.
Unauthorised access 3 5 High 1 5 Low
falls, contact with  Security fences or barriers with appropriate signs and lighting.
equipment etc
Spread of contamination off General public, possible  Limited access to site for vehicles
3 3 Med 1 3 Low
site minor or major injury as  Wheel wash facilities on site if required.
01/08/2017 Page 9
4 Excavations
harmed and how
L S R L S R
a result of falling over  Careful control of discharges of water.
 Reroute the excavation.
Collapse of adjacent structures vicinity – falling
3 5 High  Temporary support or other engineering solution. 1 5 Low
structure leading to
major or fatal injuries  Careful monitoring of structure and water/fines movement.
vicinity – potential for  Natural rainfall or controlled wetting of the exposed surfaces, provided run off is
respiratory problems drained and suitably cleaned before return to surface water drains.
and eye injuries
 Suitable footwear and regular cleaning and clearing of waste.
vicinity – possible minor
Slips, trips and falls 4 4 High  Provide stone paths. 1 4 Low
or major injury as a
result of falling over  Suitable lighting.
Operatives – potential falls
 Substantial edge protection and suitable crossing points.
Falls from height leading to major injury or 3 5 High 1 5 Low
 Edge protection removed only for the time needed to move materials.
death
 Provide system for monitoring health of operatives.
 Use modern well maintained equipment, keep hands warm, avoid smoking.
Operatives – potential
Use of vibrating equipment. 4 4 High  Operatives aware of the amount of vibration the appliance produces and the amount 1 4 Low
vibration white finger
of time they can use it for
 Operative to report any symptoms or problems
vicinity – potential  Position noisy, continuously running plant away from workers.
Noise 4 2 Med 2 2 Low
hearing loss in long  Enforce wearing of high quality ear defenders.
term, tinnitus etc
 Reroute to avoid overhead or underground services or isolate, locate and mark location
and use safe digging techniques.
Electrocution/explosion vicinity – potential major 3 5 High 1 5 Low
 Consult borehole information for details of contamination and remove by
injury, burns or death
ventilation or specialist techniques.
• Work at Height Regulations 2005
• HS(G) 47: Avoiding danger from underground services
• HS(G) 66: Protection of workers and the public during development of contaminated land
01/08/2017 Page 10
4 Excavations
harmed and how
L S R L S R
• HS(G) 185: Health and safety in excavations.
• BS 6031: Code of practice for earthworks.
• EH40 Occupational exposure limits.
• Construction Industry Research and Information Association (CIRIA) Report 97 Trenching practice.
• Minimum daily inspection of excavation and weekly report.
Training
• Excavation support.
01/08/2017 Page 11
5 Concreting Operations
harmed and how
L S R L S R
Operatives – possible  Training in safe manual handling techniques.
musculo-skeletal  Provision of clear access routes to work areas.
injuries, particularly  Provision of points of attachment on all plant to facilitate mechanical handling.
Manual handling 4 4 High 1 4 Low
back injuries, sprains,  Consider pumping or conveyors for placing concrete.
strains, cuts, fractures  Use of specialist levelling, compaction and finishing tools, screeders, eg long
etc handled aluminium floats and "vibra strike".
 Provision of drinking water, knowledge of and monitoring of heat stress
Operatives,- possible
Work in Hot and Wet symptoms.
heat stress and 3 3 Med 1 3 Low
weather conditions  Provision of shelter close to the work area with warming facilities, knowledge of and
hypothermia
monitoring for symptoms
 Suitably protected 110v supplies and frequent portable appliance testing. RCD
Contact with electricity whilst protection for 240v equipment.
operating machinery or leads  Consider combustion engine powered compaction (should be sited safely to avoid
by electrocution
ingress of fumes in confined spaces).
Operatives, others in  All machinery movements to be under the control of a qualified banksman/slinger.
Contact with moving vicinity – risk of  Wearing of high visibility clothing.
3 5 High 1 5 Low
machinery or vehicles entanglement resulting  Minimise reversing movements and follow site traffic arrangements in health and safety
in injury plan.
vicinity – for harm refer
Contact with cleaning swabs 3 4 Med  Controlled and restricted area for discharging pump cleaning swabs. 1 4 Low
to COSHH
assessments
 Training & information to employees about the risk.
Dermatitis and concrete burns  Provide suitable gloves and protective clothing and barrier cream.
and cement contact with eyes 4 4 High  Provide suitable washing facilities with warm water. 1 4 Low
to COSHH
assessments  Provide eye wash stations close to the work area.
 Consider eye protection.
 Specific site rules to identify where men are to take refuge during mechanical
Operatives –risk of handling operations.
Collision with plant during
major injury by being 3 5 High  Use qualified banksman/slinger. 1 5 Low
mechanical handling
struck  Provide toeboard or brickguard with edge protection.
 Minimise the number of people in the placing area.
01/08/2017 Page 12
harmed and how
L S R L S R
vicinity – potential  Careful siting and use of sound insulation for continuously running plant.
Noise 4 2 Med 2 2 Low
hearing loss in long  Provision and enforced wearing of high quality ear defenders.
term, tinnitus etc
General public, children
Unauthorised access until  Suitable fencing.
– major injuries through 3 5 High 1 5 Low
concrete has hardened
falls, drowning etc  Consider use of supervision at other times.
Operatives, General Public
 Plan that lifting shall not involve materials being moved over people.
– major injuries
Fall of materials, and plant
or fatalities as a result of
3 5 High  Tested equipment, inspected on the day, under the control and operation of 1 5 Low
falling material/plant competent people.
 Use modern well maintained equipment, keep hands warm, avoid smoking.
Use of vibrating equipment. 4 4 High  Operatives aware of the amount of vibration the appliance produces and the amount 1 4 Low
vibration white finger
of time they can use it for
 Operative to report any symptoms or problems
Operatives, others in  Provide safe access routes.
vicinity – possible minor  Good housekeeping.
Slips, trips and falls 3 4 Med 1 4 Low
or major injury as a result  Edge protection where there is a risk of falls at edges or openings.
of falling over  Good lighting, particularly during finishing operations.
 Accurate design calculations.
Operatives, others in  Check before pouring to be carried out by temporary works co-ordinator.
vicinity – falling  Concrete cube tests to be conducted
Collapse of structure 3 5 High 1 5 Low
structure leading to  Decision to strike to be carried out by temporary works co-ordinator.
major or fatal injuries  Supervision and carrying out of the work by suitable, experienced and competent people.

• Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations 1998
• Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 (as amended) (PUWER)
• Confined Spaces Regulations 1997
• HS(G) 32: Safety in falsework for in situ beams and slabs
• HS(G) 144: Safe use of vehicles in construction work
• HS(G) 46: A guide for small contractors: site safety and concrete construction
01/08/2017 Page 13
harmed and how
L S R L S R
• HSE construction information sheets No. 18 The provision of welfare facilities at fixed construction sites, No. 26 Cement.
• CITB, GE 700
• Strict monitoring of all temporary works and approvals to pour.
• Careful monitoring of the effects of the weather on fatigue/heat stress.
• Environmental or waste management constraints should be considered (disposal of waste materials).
Training
• Banksman/slinger.
• Plant operators.
01/08/2017 Page 14
6 Screeding
Hazard Those At Risk Without Controls Control Measures With Controls
L S R L S R
 Site specific risk assessment to assess risks and identify the most appropriate
Operatives – potential falls equipment for working at height
Falling from height Falling or falling materials leading 3 4 Med  Use safe system of work for use of equipment for working at height (ie mobile 1 4 Low
material to major injury scaffold tower, MEWP)
 Use of well maintained equipment by competent operatives
Operatives / Other workers  Ensure work platforms have suitable protection against falling material.
Fall of material 4 3 Med 1 3 Low
in vicinity  Exclude persons from below work area.
 Maintenance of mixer guards.
Contact with moving vicinity – risk of
3 5 High  Training in acting as a banksman for Forklift Operations. 1 4 Low
machinery or vehicles entanglement resulting
in injury or death  Wearing of high visibility clothing.
 Use chemical methods to encourage adhesion during surface preparation ie PVA,
Dust/Particles in Eyes 3 2 Low  Availability of safety glasses for overhead work. 1 2 Low
to COSHH
assessments
 Provide natural ventilation.
Inhalation of Dust 3 2 Low  Use vacuum cleaner instead of sweeping, wear suitable P3 masks if sweeping. 1 2 Low
to COSHH
assessments  Operative to be clean shaved and face fit tested
Operatives – possible
musculo-skeletal
 Utilise mechanical handling where possible.
Manual handling 3 3 Med  Provide training, deliver close to the work area, provide assistance and trolleys. 2 3 Low
strains, cuts, fractures  Wear suitable gloves and safety boots/steel toe capped wellingtons
etc
 Use of barrier cream and monitoring of skin condition or wear suitable gloves.
 Consider eye protection,
Contact with cement / Dermatitis vicinity – for harm refer
2 2 Low  Ensure eye wash in first aid kit on site, 1 2 Low
to COSHH
 Provide suitable washing facilities
assessments
 Wear suitable gloves and safety boots/steel toe capped wellingtons
Operatives, others in  Inspection and maintenance of site electrical distribution and tools.
Electricity vicinity – risk of death 3 5 High  User inspection of tools, careful siting of leads. 1 5 Low
by electrocution  Use of 110 volt equipment, preference given to battery tools.
01/08/2017 Page 15
6 Screeding
L S R L S R
 Obtain information on services buried in the wall.
 Provide safe access routes.
Slips, trips and falls 4 3 Med  Good lighting. 2 3 Low
result of falling over  Procedure for waste removal and responsibility for daily cleaning.

• Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998
• Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992 (As amended 2002)
• Personal Protective Equipment at Work Regulations 1992 (As amended 2002)
• HSG150: Health and safety in construction
• L5: General COSHH ACOP
• Manufacturer's safety data sheets supplied with material.
Training
• Manual handling
Management
• Plasterers are likely to adapt access equipment/take unnecessary risks at height/use substandard access equipment, particularly step ladders. Daily supervision is essential
01/08/2017 Page 16
7 Lifting Operations
harmed and how
L S R L S R
 Use of contract lift for crane works
 Use of telehandler for general lifting operations
 The organisation and control of all lifting operations to be under the responsibility of a
competent and experienced person.
 Matters to be considered will include access for the lifting equipment, ground conditions,
weather restrictions, overhead restrictions, proximity of lifting equipment to loading
position, loads to be within safe working load of lifting equipment, thorough examination
certificate for lifting equipment to be up to date, test certificates for slinging equipment to
Operatives, General be up to date, competency of lifting equipment operators and signaller/slinger to be
Public – major injuries approved.
Equipment overturning/failing or fatalities as a result 3 5 High  Monitor lifting equipment operations whilst lifting. 1 5 Low
of being struck by  Competent person to organise and take responsibility for the lifting operation.
falling equipment  Lift plan developed for contract lift by contract lift company
 Lift plan to be developed by site manager for general lifting operations using
telehandler
 Site survey to highlight presence of overhead electrical cables which could be
rerouted/removed/insulated. Otherwise lifting equipment not to operate within
distance decided by controller of lifting operations in liaison with electricity supplier
(7 metre minimum).
 Site survey to highlight other obstructions like buildings/trees and suitable
precautions taken to avoid striking.
 Loads to be slung by competent slingers who will ensure stability and security of loads.
All lifting gear to be examined before use and to hold six monthly test certificate.
 Slinger/signaller to have clear communication with the lifting equipment operator at all
times using signals or radio contact.
Operatives, General  As far as practicable prevent people from entering area below a suspended or moving
Public – major injuries load.
Materials falling during lifting
or fatalities as a result 3 5 High  lifting equipment and lifting gear must be examined and tested as prescribed by the 1 5 Low
operations
of being struck by Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations 1998 (LOLER Regulations).
falling load/materials  The equipment must be maintained in an efficient state, working order and good repair.
 As far as the construction of the lifting equipment permits it should be inspected
01/08/2017 Page 17
7 Lifting Operations
harmed and how
L S R L S R
regularly and at least once a week by the operator or other competent person in accordance
with manufacturers' instructions.
 All loads to be lifted to be within the safe working load of the lifting equipment and its
accessories.
• Health and Safety (Safety, Signs and Signals) Regulations 1996
• Electricity at Work Regulations 1989
• BS 7121 Code of Practice for safe use of cranes: Part 1
• GS6 Avoidance of danger from overhead electrical lines
• PM16 Eyebolts
• Organisation and control prior to and during all lifting operations.
• Method statements to include details of how all lifting operations are organised/controlled on site.
Training
• Operation of lifting equipment and slinging of loads.
• Signalling.
01/08/2017 Page 18
8 Brickwork & Blockwork

harmed and how
L S R L S R
 Training in safe manual handling techniques.
 Provide well maintained wheelbarrows, minimise distance from material
Manual handling; slips, trips and vicinity – possible minor
3 4 Med offloading areas. 1 4 Low
falls or major injury as a result
of falling over
 Use blocks weighting less than 25 kg
Operatives-Possible  Provision of drinking water, knowledge of and monitoring of heat stress
Wearing PPE in hot weather 3 4 Med 1 4 Low
Heat stress symptoms
Ill effects from wind chill, wet
Operatives- possible  Provision of shelter close to the work area with warming facilities, knowledge of and
conditions and static nature of 3 4 Med 1 4 Low
hypothermia monitoring for hypothermia symptoms.
work
Dermatitis and concrete burns
vicinity – for harm refer  Provide suitable gloves and barrier cream. Provide suitable washing facilities with warm
and cement contact with eyes 3 4 Med 1 4 Low
to COSHH water.
assessments
Operatives and others in  Use of running water to suppress dust whilst cutting bricks/blocks
the immediate vicinity-  Wear FFP 3 mask
Silica dust 3 4 Med 1 4 Low
for risk refer to COSHH  Operative to be clean shaved and face fit tested
assessments  If not use of air fed mask
vicinity – falling
Collapse of unset masonry or
structure/materials leading 3 5 High  Monitor heights of fresh walling and storage of materials. 1 5 Low
stacks of bricks or blocks
to major or fatal
injuries
Contact with electricity whilst  Suitably protected 110v supplies and frequent Portable Appliance Testing.
operating machinery or leads by electrocution  Substitution with non-electric mixers.
 Maintenance of mixer guards.
Contact with moving vicinity – risk of
3 5 High  Training in acting as a banksman for Forklift Operations. 1 5 Low
machinery or vehicles entanglement resulting
in injury  Wearing of high visibility clothing.
 Arrange for scaffolders to erect trestles and provide level or suitably stepped area to erect
Falls from small trestles, hop ups vicinity – possible minor
3 5 High trestles. 1 5 Low
etc injury as a result of
falling off  Use of additional guard rails
01/08/2017 Page 19
8 Brickwork & Blockwork

harmed and how
L S R L S R
 Use of bean bags

• Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999.
• Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 2015.
• Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992 (As amended 2002).
• Construction (Head Protection) Regulations 1989.
• HS(G)149 Backs for the future: Safe manual handling in construction
• L5 General COSHH ACOP
• Environmental or waste management constraints should be considered (disposal of waste materials and handling of fuels and oils).
• Regular inspection of working platforms.
Training
• The manual handling assessments and COSHH assessments should be given to site management and the information in them passed on to bricklayers and labourers.
• All workers should be instructed on the safe systems of work.
• Manual handling training — safe lifting techniques for large blocks and bags of cement, even though ideally lighter blocks and smaller bags of cement should be used.
01/08/2017 Page 20
9 Work at Height
harmed and how
L S R L S R
 Work off suitable guarded platform ie scaffolding, scaffold towers,
 Provision of fully boarded scaffold to roof edges.
 Provide safety nets or crash decks or, if not feasible, use safety harnesses securely
anchored with rescue provision.
Operatives – potential falls  Installation of temporary guard rails on open edges.
leading to major injury or  Suspend work in inclement weather
Falls from height death 3 5 High  Use of suitable secure roof ladders, along with edge protection – see risk 1 5 Low
assessment for roof ladders
 Only use ladders for access – see risk assessment for ladders
 Only use step ladders for shot duration, light work and when it is not practicable to use
towers etc – see risk assessment for step ladders
 See risk assessments for Towers
 See risk assessments for work on fragile roofs
Operatives, General  Prohibit work below using barriers etc.
Public – falling objects  Use of brick guards, etc on scaffolding, particular over busy areas of the site
Falling materials leading to major injuries 4 5 High 1 5 Low
 Use of double height brick guards on plot 9 as close to site boundary
or fatalities  Hard hats to be worn by all persons working at ground level
major injuries through  Ideally remove ladders to scaffolding, otherwise board up
falls, contact with  In high risk areas, ensure scaffolding is alarmed with suitable warning signs
equipment etc
musculo-skeletal
 Use mechanical handling where possible (ie use of hoist)
Manual handling 3 4 Med  Deliver close to the work area and provide assistance. 2 3 Low
strains, cuts, fractures  Wear suitable gloves and safety boots
etc
vicinity – possible minor  Provision of waste skips and responsibility for daily cleaning.
or major injury as a  Suspend work in inclement weather.
result of falling over
Operatives, other
 Removal of protruding nails.
Nails workers- possible minor 3 4 Med 1 4 Low
injuries due to stepping  Safety footwear with midsoles to be worn.
01/08/2017 Page 21
9 Work at Height
harmed and how
L S R L S R
on protruding nails
Operatives-possible
Contact with sharp material minor injury due to
4 3 Med  Suitable gloves to be worn 1 3 Low
during stripping work contact with sharp materials
Operatives, others in  Operatives warned about hazards with cement

Contact with wet cement – vicinity – for harm refer  Suitable gloves worn
3 4 Med 1 4 Low
possible dermatitis to COSHH  Barrier cream to be available
assessments  Eye protection to be worn if there is a risk of splashing wet cement
 Encourage workers to cover up exposed parts of their body and head as much as possible
Operatives,- possible  Provision of suncream
Sunburn & Dehydration heat stress, sunburn 4 4 High  Adequate supply of drinking water on site 2 3 Low
and skin cancers  Rest breaks out of the sun
Operatives,- possible  Supply of suitable clothing and gloves for cold, wet conditions
Cold weather 4 4 High 2 3 Low
hypothermia  Rest breaks in warm, dry area
 Worker to cease work and come down from roof if there is an electrical storm in the
Lightning Strike vicinity – risk of death 3 5 High 0 0 Nil
vicinity
by electrocution
Operatives, General
Public – falling
Excessive Wind persons/objects leading to 3 5 High  Worker to cease work and come down from roof if the wind is excessive 0 0 Nil
major injuries or
fatalities
• Manual Handling Regulations 1992 (As amended 2002)
• HSG 33 Health and safety in roofwork
• Risk assessments by management/fitters.
01/08/2017 Page 22
9 Work at Height
harmed and how
L S R L S R
Training
• General working at height requirements / roof work.
01/08/2017 Page 23
10 Roof Work
harmed and how
L S R L S R
 Work off suitable guarded platform ie scaffolding, scaffold towers,
 Provision of fully boarded scaffold to roof edges.
anchored with rescue provision.
Operatives – potential falls  Installation of temporary guard rails on open edges.
leading to major injury or  Suspend work in inclement weather
Falls from height death 3 5 High 1 5 Low
 Use of suitable secure roof ladders, along with edge protection – see risk
assessment for roof ladders
 Only use ladders for access – see risk assessment for ladders
 Only use step ladders for short duration, light work and when it is not practicable to use
towers etc – see risk assessment for step ladders
 See risk assessments for Towers
 Survey site and undertake site specific risk assessment
Operatives – potential falls  If necessary, obtain report from structural engineer
Falls through fragile surfaces leading to major injury or 3 5 High  Fragile surfaces or roof lights – either cover with suitable material or install 1 5 Low
death temporary barriers to prevent workers from stepping on fragile surfaces
 Warn workers about the hazard
Operatives, General  Prohibit work below using barriers etc.
Public – falling objects  Use of brick guards, fans, netting etc on scaffolding, particular over busy areas of the site
Falling materials 4 5 High 1 5 Low
leading to major injuries  Hard hats to be worn by all persons working at ground level
or fatalities
major injuries through  Ideally remove ladders to scaffolding, otherwise board up
falls, contact with  In high risk areas, ensure scaffolding is alarmed with suitable warning signs
equipment etc
musculo-skeletal
injuries, particularly  Use mechanical handling where possible (ie use of hoist)
Manual handling 3 4 Med 2 3 Low
back injuries, sprains,  Deliver close to the work area and provide assistance.
etc
Operatives, others in  Provision of waste skips and responsibility for daily cleaning.
Slips, trips and falls vicinity – possible minor 3 4 Med 1 4 Low
 Suspend work in inclement weather.
01/08/2017 Page 24
10 Roof Work
harmed and how
L S R L S R
Operatives, other
workers- possible minor  Removal of protruding nails.
Nails 3 4 Med 1 4 Low
on protruding nails
Contact with lead 3 3 Med  See risk assessment for lead work 3 1 Low
to COSHH
assessments
Operatives-possible
Contact with sharp material minor injury due to
4 3 Med  Suitable gloves to be worn 1 3 Low
during stripping work contact with sharp
materials
Operatives, others in  Operatives warned about hazards with cement
Contact with wet cement – vicinity – for harm refer  Suitable gloves worn
3 4 Med 1 4 Low
possible dermatitis to COSHH  Barrier cream to be available
assessments  Eye protection to be worn if there is a risk of splashing wet cement
 Encourage workers to cover up exposed parts of their body and head as much as possible
Operatives,- possible  Provision of sun cream
Sunburn & Dehydration heat stress, sunburn 4 4 High  Adequate supply of drinking water on site 2 3 Low
and skin cancers  Rest breaks out of the sun
Operatives,- possible  Supply of suitable clothing and gloves for cold, wet conditions
Cold weather 4 4 High 2 3 Low
hypothermia  Rest breaks in warm, dry area
 Worker to cease work and come down from roof if there is an electrical storm in the
Lightning Strike vicinity – risk of death 3 5 High 0 0 Nil
vicinity
by electrocution
Operatives, General
Public – falling
Excessive Wind persons/objects leading to 3 5 High  Worker to cease work and come down from roof if the wind is excessive 0 0 Nil
major injuries or
fatalities
01/08/2017 Page 25
10 Roof Work
harmed and how
L S R L S R
• HSG 33 Health and safety in roof work
• Manual handling of trusses not to proceed if weight exceeds 25kg per worker.
Training
• Manual handling.
01/08/2017 Page 26
11 Placing of Roof Trusses

L S R L S R
 Assemble roof on the floor slab and crane into position using manufacturer's
approved scheme for lifting and suitable lifting equipment.
Operatives – potential falls anchored with rescue provision.
Falls from height leading to major injury or 3 5 High 1 5 Low
 Installation of temporary guard rails.
death  Provision of fully boarded scaffold to roof edges.
 Plank out truss where bracings are to be fixed if trusses are spaced at more that 600
centres and potential fall is over 2m.
 Prohibit work below using barriers etc.
Falling materials falls leading to major 4 5 High 1 5 Low
injury or death  Hard hats to be worn by all persons working at ground level
Fall of gable walls leading to major 3 5 High  Build after trusses are fixed. 1 5 Low
injury or death
 Use mechanical handling where possible and always if work is over two storeys high.
musculo-skeletal
 Provide training, adapt scaffold to suit manual handling of trusses (see figure 20(b)
Manual handling 3 4 Med in HSG 33). 1 4 Low
strains, cuts, fractures  Deliver close to the work area and provide assistance.
etc
Operatives, other
workers, general
 Sequence of erection and temporary bracings in accordance with truss
Fall of trusses public– potential falls 4 5 High 1 5 Low
manufacturer's written procedure.
leading to major injury
or death
 Provision of waste skips and responsibility for daily cleaning.
Slips, trips and falls 3 4 Med  Use of purpose made hop-ups or access equipment. 1 4 Low
result of falling over  Suspend work in inclement weather.
Operatives, other
workers- possible minor  Removal of protruding nails.
on protruding nails
01/08/2017 Page 27
11 Placing of Roof Trusses

L S R L S R
• HSG 33 Health and safety in roof work
• Manual handling of trusses not to proceed if weight exceeds 25kg per worker.
Training
01/08/2017 Page 28
12 Installation of Dry Lining / Partitioning

harmed and how
L S R L S R
Dust/Particles in Eyes vicinity – potential for 3 2 Low  Availability of safety glasses for overhead work. 1 2 Low
eye injuries
Operatives, others in  Using cutting techniques to minimise dust.
vicinity – potential for  Provide natural ventilation.
Inhalation of Dust/fibres 3 2 Low 1 2 Low
respiratory problems  Wear gloves when handling insulation.
 Use vacuum cleaner instead of sweeping, wear suitable masks if sweeping.
musculo-skeletal
 Utilise mechanical handling where possible.
Manual handling 3 3 Med  Provide training, install stairs early, deliver close to the work area, provide 2 3 Low
assistance and trolleys.
etc
Use of hazardous skin irritation and
2 2 Low  Use of barrier cream and monitoring of skin condition. 1 2 Low
substances development of
dermatitis
 Inspection and maintenance of site electrical distribution and tools.
Contact with electrical vicinity – risk of death
3 5 High  User inspection of tools, careful siting of leads, preference given to battery tools. 1 5 Low
supplies by electrocution or
explosion  Information on services buried in the wall.
• Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992(As amended 2002)
• EH (46): Man-made mineral fibres
• Construction Industry Training Board (CITB) GE700 Series, Modules 6, 7, 9, 29, 33 and 35.
01/08/2017 Page 29
12 Installation of Dry Lining / Partitioning

harmed and how
L S R L S R
Training
• Use of cartridge tools.
01/08/2017 Page 30
13 Installation of Plasterboard / Suspended Ceilings

harmed and how
L S R L S R
Operatives, General  Site specific risk assessment to assess risks and identify the most appropriate
Public – falling equipment for working at height
Falling from height Falling people/objects leading to 3 5 High  Use safe system of work for use of equipment for working at height (ie mobile 1 5 Low
material major injuries or scaffold tower, MEWP)
fatalities  Use of well maintained equipment by competent operatives
eye injuries
Operatives, others in  Using cutting techniques to minimise dust.
vicinity – potential for  Provide natural ventilation.
Inhalation of Dust/fibres 3 2 Low 1 2 Low
respiratory problems  Wear gloves when handling insulation.
musculo-skeletal
injuries, particularly  Utilise mechanical handling where possible.
back injuries, sprains,  Provide training, deliver close to the work area, provide assistance and trolleys.
etc
Use of hazardous skin irritation and
2 2 Low  Use of barrier cream and monitoring of skin condition. 1 2 Low
substances development of
dermatitis
 Inspection and maintenance of site electrical distribution and tools.
Contact with electrical vicinity – risk of death
3 5 High  User inspection of tools, careful siting of leads, preference given to battery tools. 1 5 Low
supplies by electrocution or
 Information on services buried in the wall.
explosion
Operatives, others in  Procedure for waste removal and responsibility for daily cleaning.
vicinity – possible minor  Careful siting of cables.
or major injury as a result  Use of purpose made hop ups or access equipment.
of falling over  Provision of suitable lighting, eg fluorescent tubes (non-glare).
Operatives-possible
 Remove waste material regularly taking care not to expose sharp edges to others
minor injury due to
Sharp Edges 3 2 Low (ie in skips) 2 2 Low
contact with sharp
 Use gloves
materials
01/08/2017 Page 31
13 Installation of Plasterboard / Suspended Ceilings

harmed and how
L S R L S R
Operatives, other
workers- possible minor  Removal of protruding nails.
Nails 2 3 Low 1 3 Low
injuries due to stepping  Safety footwear with midsoles to be worn.
on protruding nails
• EH (46): Man-made mineral fibres
• Construction Industry Training Board (CITB) GE700 Series, Modules 6, 7, 9, 29, 33 and 35.
Training
• Manual handling
• Work at Height
Management
• Requires monitoring to ensure safe systems of work are adhered to.
01/08/2017 Page 32
14 Carpentry & Joinery Work

harmed and how
L S R L S R
Handling vibrating Operatives – potential
equipment vibration white finger  Provide a system for monitoring the health of Operatives.
4 3 Med 2 3 Low
List significant vibration  Use modern well-maintained equipment, keep hands warm, avoid smoking.
tasks:
 Use a vacuum cleaner instead of sweeping, provide hoses and extraction units to
vicinity – potential for
Dust 4 3 Med woodworking machinery, wear masks and goggles in accordance with any assessment 2 3 Low
respiratory problems
carried out under COSHH.
and eye injuries
Manual Handling Significant Operatives – possible
manual handling tasks: musculo-skeletal
injuries, particularly  Use mechanical handling where possible, provide training, install stairs early, deliver
4 3 Med 2 3 Low
back injuries, sprains, close to the work area, provide assistance and trolleys or wheelbarrows.
etc
vicinity – potential  Job rotation for noisy operations and provision of suitable hearing protection.
Noise induced hearing loss 3 1 Low 2 1 Low
hearing loss in long  Carry out work in a separate area to other workers.
term, tinnitus etc
 Inspection and maintenance of site electrical distribution.
Electricity 3 5 High  User inspection of tools, careful siting of leads, use of 110 Vac tools, preference given 1 5 Low
by electrocution or
to battery tools.
explosion
vicinity – possible minor  Regular waste removal and responsibility for daily cleaning.
or major injury as a  Use of purpose made hop ups or access equipment.
Operatives, other
workers- possible minor  Removal of protruding nails.
injuries due to stepping  Safety footwear with midsoles to be worn.
on protruding nails
musculo-skeletal  Careful design of task and selection of PPE, eg bump caps.
Ergonomics 3 3 Med 2 3 Low
injuries, particularly  Provision of suitable tooling, eg electric planers.
01/08/2017 Page 33
14 Carpentry & Joinery Work

harmed and how
L S R L S R
etc
• L114: Safe use of woodworking machinery
• HS(G) 83: Training woodworking machinists
• HS(G) 88: Hand–arm vibration
• CRR73: Dust and noise in the construction process
• WIS1: Wood dust: hazards and precautions
• WIS13: Noise at woodworking machines
• WIS15: Safe working at woodworking machines
• British Woodworking Federation Health and Safety Guide, Construction Industry Press.
Training
• Manual handling
• Safe use and inspection of machinery (see L114 referred to above).
Management
• Regular monitoring of housekeeping and fall prevention measures, imported or DIY woodworking machinery, eg circular bench saws without a riving knife used for ripping.
Recommendations
• If fine dust is produced, details of ventilation and PPE are required. Prevention of unauthorised use of bench machines.
01/08/2017 Page 34
15 Plastering & Rendering

harmed and how
L S R L S R
Operatives, General
equipment for working at height
Falling from height Public – falling people
3 5 High  Use safe system of work for use of equipment for working at height (ie mobile 1 5 Low
leading to major injuries
scaffold tower, MEWP)
or fatalities
Operatives, General
Public – falling
 Ensure work platforms have suitable protection against falling material.
Fall of material people/material leading 4 3 Med 1 3 Low
 Exclude persons from below work area.
to major injuries or
fatalities
Operatives, others in  Use chemical methods to encourage adhesion during surface preparation ie PVA,
eye injuries
 Provide natural ventilation.
Inhalation of Dust vicinity – potential for 3 2 Low 1 2 Low
musculo-skeletal
injuries, particularly  Utilise mechanical handling where possible.
back injuries, sprains,  Provide training, deliver close to the work area, provide assistance and trolleys.
etc
Operatives, others in  Use of barrier cream and monitoring of skin condition or wear suitable gloves.
Contact with cement / Dermatitis vicinity – for harm refer  Consider eye protection,
2 2 Low 1 2 Low
to COSHH  Ensure eye wash in first aid kit on site,
assessments  Provide suitable washing facilities
Operatives, others in  Inspection and maintenance of site electrical distribution and tools.
vicinity – risk of death  User inspection of tools, careful siting of leads.
Electricity 3 5 High 1 5 Low
by electrocution or  Useof 110 voltequipment, preference given to battery tools.
explosion  Obtain information on services buried in the wall.
Operatives, others in  Provide safe acess routes.
Slips, trips and falls vicinity – possible minor 4 3 Med  Good lighting. 2 3 Low
or major injury as a  Procedure for waste removal and responsibility for daily cleaning.
01/08/2017 Page 35
15 Plastering & Rendering

harmed and how
L S R L S R
 Ensure survey already carried out under Asbestos Regulations 2002.
Asbestos on external vicinity – potential for
3 5 High  Stop work immediately if contact made with material that could be asbestos and inform 1 5 Low
surfaces lung disease if exposed to
the management
asbestos dust

Training
• Manual handling
Management
• Plasterers are likely to adapt access equipment/take unnecessary risks at height/use substandard access equipment, particularly step ladders. Daily supervision is essential
01/08/2017 Page 36
16 Decorating
harmed and how
L S R L S R
Operatives, General
equipment for working at height
Public – falling people
Falling from height 3 5 High  Use safe system of work for use of equipment for working at height (ie mobile 1 5 Low
leading to major injuries
scaffold tower, MEWP)
or fatalities
Operatives, General  Use of suitable work equipment with edge protection where required
Public – falling  Use trained and experienced operatives
Falling Objects people/objects leading to 3 2 Low  Operatives to wear hard hats and safety footwear 1 2 Low
major injuries or  Other site users kept clear – fence off areas where persons are likely to walk beneath
fatalities work area
 Ensure adequate ventilation
Paint / Solvent Fumes 3 2 Low  Undertake COSHH assessment to determine suitable controls 2 2 Low
to COSHH
assessments  Wear suitable Respiratory Protective Equipment, if necessary
Operatives – for harm refer  Undertake COSHH assessment to determine suitable controls
Paint / Solvent / Adhesive in
to COSHH 4 2 Med  Wear gloves 2 2 Low
contact with body assessments  Washing facilities with warm water & soap
 Ensure adequate ventilation
Dust 4 3 Med  Clean up dust using vacuum cleaner 2 3 Low
and eye injuries  Wear respiratory mask
Operatives-possible minor
injuries i.e. grazes and  Wear suitable gloves
Grazes from use of sandpaper
burns due to contact with 4 1 Low  Use suitable sanding block 2 1 Low
abrasive
materials
• HSG150 Health and Safety in Construction
• CIS40 General Access Scaffolds and Ladders
01/08/2017 Page 37
16 Decorating
harmed and how
L S R L S R
• BS1129: Specification for portable timber ladders, steps, trestles and lightweight staging
• BS2037: Specification for portable aluminium ladders, steps, trestles and lightweight staging•
Training
• All users (correct method of climbing, inspection, erection, lowering and working from).
Management
• Daily monitoring by site manager.
01/08/2017 Page 38
17 Plumbing & Heating

harmed and how
L S R L S R
 Training in safe manual handling techniques.
musculo-skeletal
Manual handling 3 4 Med  Provide mechanical handling and positioning, eg genie lifts. 1 4 Low
 Provide sack trucks or assistance for moving bottles or have smaller bottles.
 Supply pipes in shorter lengths, eg 3m long.
etc
Operatives-possible ,
Contact with machinery cuts, grazes, fractures etc 3 4 Med  Guarding for pipe threading machines 1 4 Low
and entanglement
Operatives / Other
 Provide eye wash stations close to the work area. Low
Flying swarf workers in vicinity- 3 4 Med 1 4
 Use eye protection.
possible eye injuries
Operatives / Other workers
 Safe storage of gas. Low
Explosion in vicinity-risk 3 5 High 1 5
 Flash-back and blow-back arrestors.
of major burns or fire
 Work in the open air.
Operatives, others in  Provide portable local exhaust ventilation.
vicinity – potential for  Consider prefabrication. Low
Dust/fumes 3 3 Low 1 3
respiratory problems  Choose safe types of solder.
and eye injuries  Provide suitable face mask.
 Prohibit eating, drinking or smoking in the work area.
Operatives, General
Public – falling  Scaffolding, crash decks or nets.
Fall of material/fall from Low
people/objects leading to 3 5 High  Young-man stagings secured with handrails. 1 5
height
major injuries or  Establish exclusion zones below work area.
fatalities
Operatives, others in  Choose safe cutting fluid.
Use of hazardous substances vicinity – for harm refer  Information and awareness of the risk. Low
2 3 Low 1 3
List:: to COSHH  Provide suitable gloves and protective clothing and barrier cream.
assessments  Provide suitable washing facilities with warm water.
 Safe storage of gas.
in vicinity-risk Low
Fire / Burns 3 5 High  Operation of a hot works permit. 1 5
of major injuries or
 Use compression fittings instead of soldered joints.
death
01/08/2017 Page 39

harmed and how
L S R L S R
vicinity – potential  Job rotation for noisy operations and provision of suitable hearing protection. Low
Noise induced hearing loss 2 3 Low 1 5
hearing loss in long  Carry out work in a separate area to other workers.
term, tinnitus etc
Contact with electrical vicinity – risk of death  Inspection and maintenance of site electrical distribution. Low
3 5 High 1 5
supplies by electrocution or  User inspection of tools, careful siting of leads, preference given to battery tools.
explosion
 Provision of waste skips and responsibility for daily cleaning.
Slips, trips and falls 3 4 Med  Use of purpose-made hop-ups or access equipment. 1 4 Low
or major injury as a result
 Good lighting.
of falling over
musculo-skeletal
injuries, particularly  Careful design of task and selection of PPE, eg bump caps.
Ergonomics 4 4 High 1 4 Low
back injuries, sprains,  Provision of suitable tooling, eg side angle drills.
etc
Heat stress from wearing
Operatives,- possible  Provision of drinking water, knowledge of and monitoring of heat stress
protective equipment in hot 3 4 Med 1 5 Low
heat stress symptoms.
weather.
Hypothermia from wind chill,
Operatives,- possible  Provision of shelter close to the work area with warming facilities, knowledge of and
wet conditions and static 3 4 Med 1 5 Low
nature of work. hypothermia monitoring for symptoms.
Operatives – potential  Provide system for monitoring health of operatives.
Vibration white finger vibration white finger 2 4 Low 1 4 Low
 Use modern well-maintained equipment, keep hands warm, avoid smoking.
Pipes freezing - contact with cold
surfaces Operatives-potential for  Hazard awareness including confined spaces.
2 5 Med 1 5 Low
Exposure to CO2 gas (confined burns to exposed skin  Equipment checks before use.
space hazards)
 Safety signs.
 Appropriately sized equipment.
Exposure to high pressure water in vicinity - potential for
2 5 Med  Isolation of electrical services adjacent. 1 5 Low
burns to exposed skin
 Protective gloves (not PVC) and other PPE.
 Gas monitors.
01/08/2017 Page 40

harmed and how
L S R L S R
 Adequate ventilation.
 Specialist training.
• Personal Protective Equipment at Work Regulations 1992(As amended 2002)
• HSG168: Fire safety in construction
Training
• Manual handling
Management
• Method Statements may be required.
01/08/2017 Page 41
18 Temporary Electrical Supplies

harmed and how
L S R L S R
 Design in accordance with British Standards and other Regulations
 Use 110 volt transformers
 Supply and distribution units will be lockable and keys controlled
Operatives, others in  Suitable warning signs on supply units
vicinity – risk of death  Safe System of Work – limit extent of live working – Permit to work system if
Contact with electricity by electrocution or 3 5 High 1 5 Low
necessary
explosion  Installation and test by Competent operatives
 Use of rubber gloves where necessary
 Cables routed so as to prevent damage
 Certificates to be issued after installation and test
Operatives, others in  Check supply not overloaded
Fire / Explosion vicinity – risk of death  Suitable fuses or other protective devices fitted
by asphyxiation, burns 3 4 Med 1 4 Low
 CO2 Fire Extinguisher in vicinity
or collapse of property  Only work in non-explosive atmosphere
Operatives – risk of
Damaging equipment or  Correct voltage for equipment
Damage to equipment 2 4 Med 1 4 Low
major injury due to use of  Correct fuse or protective device fitted
damaged equipment
Operatives, other in vicinity
- risk of tripping over
Trips / Falls 2 4 Med  Cables and equipment routed so as to prevent trip hazards 1 4 Low
trailing cables
resulting in major injury
Training
• Qualified electricians or technicians trained in specific electrical installations
Management
• Electrical permits may be required by some clients.
01/08/2017 Page 42
19 Low Voltage Electrical Works

harmed and how
L S R L S R
 Only qualified electricians / technicians allowed to work with electricity
 Isolation of electrical supply, with system in place to ensure that other persons are
unable to switch supply on
Operatives, others in  No live working
vicinity – risk of death  Use of cable detection equipment
Contact with electricity 3 5 High 1 4 Low
by electrocution or  No electrical work in wet / damp environments
explosion  Use of insulated tools
 Installation work to be undertaken in accordance with BS7671 and other
electrical standards and regulations
 Close liaison with other trades
 Check system not overloaded
Operatives / Other
 Awareness of fire risks (ie presence of gas)
Fire / Explosion workers in vicinity-risk 2 5 Med Low
 Ensure adequate ventilation, either natural or forced 1 5
of major injuries or
 Fire extinguisher close to hand
death
 Emergency procedures in place
Operatives – risk of
Damaging equipment or  Correct voltage for equipment
Damage to equipment 3 2 Low 1 2 Low
major injury due to use of  Correct fuse or protective device fitted
damaged equipment
Training
• Qualified electricians or technicians trained in specific electrical installations
Management
• Electrical permits may be required by some clients.
01/08/2017 Page 43
20 Use of Portable Electrical Equipment

harmed and how
L S R L S R
Operatives, others in  Use well maintained equipment.
vicinity – potential  Use correct equipment for the job.
Noise hearing loss in long 3 2 Low  Enforce wearing of carefully selected ear defenders. 2 2 Low
term, tinnitus etc  Separate other workers and post ear protection zone signage
Operatives / Other  Use the appropriate tool for the job

workers in vicinity-  Ensure appropriate guarding is fitted on certain tools.
Injury from the toolbit potential injury from 3 4 Med  Ensure regular maintenance and cleaning undertaken 2 4 Med
being struck by flying  Wear eye protection.
object  Disconnection from the supply when changing or adjusting the toolbit.
Operatives-possible  Ergonomic design of task, eg preassembly to avoid repetitious fixing with poor
Work related upper limb possible musculo- skeletal posture.
3 2 Low 2 2 Low
disorders injuries, nerve  Good lighting.
or muscle damage  Good quality access equipment.
 Use battery powered tools.
Operatives, others in  Use 110v equipment.
vicinity – risk of death by  Regular maintenance and connection to a suitably protected supply.
Fire/explosion/ inhalation of smoke, fire,  Prohibit use in explosive or flammable atmosphere.
electrocution or explosion 2 5 Med 1 5 Low
electrocution  Scheme of test and inspection (ie PAT Test), including user inspection of tools, leads
and any transformers or distribution boxes.
 Tools to be earthed or double insulated.
 Procedure for reporting damage and obtaining replacement tools.
musculo-skeletal
Unauthorised use injuries, sprains, strains, 3 5 High  Restrict use to persons with sufficient maturity and never leave them unattended. 1 5 Low
cuts, fractures
electrocution etc
Handling vibrating Operatives – potential
equipment vibration white finger  Provide system for monitoring health of Operatives.
3 4 Med 1 4 Low
List significant vibration  Use modern well maintained equipment, keep hands warm, avoid smoking.
tasks:
Operatives, others in  Damp down or use a vacuum cleaner instead of sweeping, wear masks and goggles
Dust vicinity – potential for 4 3 Med 2 3 Low
in accordance with any assessment carried out under COSHH.
01/08/2017 Page 44
20 Use of Portable Electrical Equipment

harmed and how
L S R L S R
and eye injuries
Trips and Falls 3 4 Med  Leads and extension cables to be routed so as to minimise likelihood of trips. 1 4 Low
Physical
• All equipment found to be defective will be switched off and reported immediately
• Visual inspection of equipment before use
• Only moulded socket holders are to be used
• Monitoring of maintenance and use of equipment
Training
• Operatives will be trained in the precautions and safe use of electrical equipment
01/08/2017 Page 45
21 Use of Hand Tools

harmed and how
L S R L S R
Operatives / Other  Use correct tool for the job.

Injury from the tool or material
workers in vicinity /  Wear eye protection and gloves as required.
displaced by the use of the tool, 3 3 Med 1 3 Low
General Public-  Use Rubber sleeved chisels.
potential injury from  Training on use of equipment.
flying objects
Operatives / Other Low
Cuts from sharp tools, such as
workers in vicinity /
knives, screwdrivers or other 3 3 Med  Carried, used and stored safely 1 3
General Public- potential
sharp tools
for sever cuts
Operatives-possible  Ergonomic design of task, eg special tools, or use of power tools, eg electric nut runner. Low
Work related upper limb possible musculo-  Good lighting.
2 3 Low 1 3
disorders skeletal injuries, nerve or  Good quality access equipment.
muscle damage
Operatives, others in Low
 Wear masks and goggles in accordance with any assessment carried out under COSHH.
Dust 3 2 Low  Damp down or use vacuum cleaner instead of sweeping 2 2
and eye injuries
Operatives – potential falls Low
 Only permit work at height from a suitable working platform (not a ladder unless of
Falls while using the tool leading to major 3 4 Med 1 4
injury or death short duration).
Operatives – possible Low
musculo-skeletal
Unauthorised use injuries, sprains, strains, 3 5 High  Lock away hand tools when not in use. 1 5
cuts, fractures
etc
• HS(G) 60: Work related upper limb disorders
Supervisory / Management
• Monitoring of equipment that can deteriorate with use, to ensure they are sharpened or replaced as necessary. Monitoring to ensure equipment is used correctly.
Training
• Operatives are to be instructed in the correct method and use and in maintenance requirements at start of employment if not part of craft training.
01/08/2017 Page 46
22 Use of Abrasive Wheels

harmed and how
L S R L S R
Impact injury caused by ejected  Maintenance of machine guard, wearing suitable goggles or helmet visor, gloves (in
particles or sparks, loss of or some circumstances) and safety footwear.
in vicinity- possible major
bursting of wheel including eye 2 5 Med  Inspection of wheel before use. 1 5 Low
or even fatal injuries
injury or contact with the wheel  Selection and inspection of the correct wheel and speed
 Only trained Operatives to use abrasive wheels.
Fire through ignition of Operatives, others in  Good housekeeping, wearing fire resistant clothing (heavy duty cotton overalls, never
flammable vapours, oils, etc or vicinity – potential major use polyester), regular laundering of overalls.
2 5 Med 1 5 Low
sparks during cutting and injury, burns or death  Do not use in potentially explosive or flammable atmospheres.
grinding operations  Suitable fire extinguisher in vicinity
Operatives-possible major  Loose clothing and ties not worn
Entanglement with rotating disc
injuries i.e. burns, cuts or 2 5 Med  Long hair tied back 1 5 Low
amputation
Operatives/ other workers  Only use while standing on firm, level ground
Dropping equipment while in
in vicinity - possible  Wear suitable safety footwear, goggles etc
major injuries 2 5 Med 1 5 Low
operation
i.e. burns, cuts or
amputation
 If possible, select equipment with integral dust suppression or local exhaust
Inhalation of dust 4 2 Med ventilation. 1 2 Low
and eye injuries  Wear suitable face masks
 Use 110 Vac Equipment
Operatives, others in  Regular maintenance and connection to a suitably protected supply.
Working with electrical vicinity – risk of death  Prohibit use in explosive or flammable atmosphere.
equipment by electrocution or 2 5 Med  Scheme of test and inspection (ie PAT Test), including user inspection of tools, leads 1 5 Low
explosion and any transformers or distribution boxes.
 Tools to be earthed or double insulated.
 Procedure for reporting damage and obtaining replacement tools.
Contact with hazardous Operatives, others in  As identified by COSHH Assessment.
substances being cut List vicinity – for harm refer
1 2 Low 1 2 Low
unusual substances: to COSHH
assessments
01/08/2017 Page 47
22 Use of Abrasive Wheels

harmed and how
L S R L S R
Operatives, others in  Wearing appropriate hearing protection and, where possible, siting the work area away
vicinity – potential from others.
Noise induced hearing loss 3 1 Low 1 1 Low
hearing loss in long
term, tinnitus etc
 Provide system for monitoring health of Operatives.
Vibration White Finger Operatives – potential 3 3 Med  Use modern well maintained equipment, keep hands warm, avoid smoking. 2 3 Low
vibration white finger  Reduced periods for operating equipment.
Operatives – potential  Only permit work from a suitable access platform (not a ladder).
Falls while operating the tool falls leading to major 3 5 High 1 5 Low
injury or death
• HSG 17 Safety in the use of abrasive wheels
Supervisory / Management
• Monitoring of wearing of eye protection and suitable use of work platforms.
• Suitable storage facilities to be provided.
• Records of training to be available for perusal.
• This type of work lends itself to a generic method statement provided issues of how the work affects others are addressed in a site specific way
Training
• Training required by the Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998
01/08/2017 Page 48
23 Use of Circular Saws / Chop Saws

L S R L S R
Operatives, others in  Use well maintained equipment.
vicinity – potential  Use correct equipment for the job.
Noise induced hearing loss hearing loss in long 3 2 Low 2 2 Low
 Enforce wearing of carefully selected ear defenders.
term, tinnitus etc  Separate other workers and post ear protection zone signage
Operatives / Other workers  Ensure appropriate guarding is well maintained and used.
Injury from the rotating saw in vicinity- possible major  Ensure regular maintenance and cleaning undertaken
3 5 High 1 5 Low
blade (ie contact, ejection) or even fatal injuries  Wear eye protection.
 Disconnection from the supply when changing the blade.
Operatives-possible
 No loose clothing worn
Entanglement major injuries i.e. burns, 3 4 Med 1 4 Low
cuts or amputation  Long hair tied back
vicinity – potential for  Damp down or use a vacuum cleaner instead of sweeping, wear masks and goggles
respiratory problems in accordance with any assessment carried out under COSHH.
and eye injuries
Operatives / Other
Trips and Falls general public-potential 3 4 Med  Leads and extension cables to be routed so as to minimise likelihood of trips. 1 4 Low
injury from cables resulting
in major injury
in vicinity- potential for
Inadvertent movement of
machine to move leading to 3 4 Med  Use on firm level surface with adequate space 1 4 Low
equipment possible major
 Ergonomic design of task, e.g. preassembly to avoid repetitious fixing with poor
Work related upper limb Operatives – potential posture.
vibration damage 3 2 Low 2 2 Low
disorders  Good lighting.
 Good quality access equipment.
 Use 110v equipment.
Fire/explosion/ Operatives, others in  Regular maintenance and connection to a suitably protected supply.
vicinity – potential major 2 5 Med 1 5 Low
electrocution  Prohibit use in explosive or flammable atmosphere.
injury, burns or death  Scheme of test and inspection (i.e. PAT Test), including user inspection of
01/08/2017 Page 49
23 Use of Circular Saws / Chop Saws

L S R L S R
equipment.

 Never permit taking up contact pressure with the hand.
 Restrict use to mature, trained people who are authorised in writing and are over 18
User/other person injury or fatal 3 5 High 1 5 Low
years old and never leave them unattended.
injuries from improper
use of tool  Unload when not in use.
Unauthorised use or fatal 3 5 High  Restrict use to persons with sufficient maturity and never leave them unattended. 1 5 Low
injuries from improper
use of tool
• Monitoring of maintenance and use of equipment
Training
• Operatives will be trained in the precautions and safe use of electrical equipment
01/08/2017 Page 50
24 Use of Cartridge Operated Tools

harmed and how
L S R L S R
vicinity – potential
Noise 4 2 Med  Separate other workers and display ear protection zone signage. 1 2 Low
term, tinnitus etc  Job rotation.
 Follow approved procedure for misfires.
Operatives / Other workers  Regular maintenance and cleaning at manufacturer recommended intervals.
Tool misfiring or jamming, in vicinity- possible major
 Use of cartridges and nails produced by the manufacturer of the tool.
Nails or other material (ie or fatal injuries due to
4 4 High  Wear suitable eye protection. 1 4 Low
splinters) deflecting at high being struck by high speed
speed during firing materials  Examine base material before fixing and carry out trial fix with low power setting.
 Do not fix into pre-stressed (eg floor beams) or hydraulically pressed concrete (eg
kerbs).
Falls while operating the tool falls leading to major 3 5 High  Only permit work at height from a suitable scaffold (not a ladder). 1 5 Low
injury or death
 Prohibit use in confined spaces and operate where appropriate under the control of a hot
Operatives, others in works permit.
vicinity – potential major  Do not permit use in the presence of flammable vapours.
injury, burns or death  Storage of tools in lockable steel lockers.
Fire, explosion, misuse 3 5 High  Strict accounting for issue of consumables and spent cartridges and gas cannisters. 1 5 Low
Spent or partly used cartridges are to be returned to the supplier.
 Note: large quantities must be licensed by the police in accordance with Class 6,
Division 1 of the Explosives Act 1875.

User/other person injury or fatal injuries from 3 5 High 1 5 Low
improper
• Confined Spaces Regulations 1997
• PM14 Safety in the use of cartridge tools, HSE (out of print).
01/08/2017 Page 51
24 Use of Cartridge Operated Tools

harmed and how
L S R L S R
Training
• Training required by the Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 can be provided by manufacturers or hire companies.
Management
• Require copies of training records and ensure they are relevant. Monitor the use of eye and noise protection and suitable use of work platforms. Strict control of consumables.
Recommendations
• This type of work lends itself to a generic method statement provided issues of how the work affects others are addressed in a site specific way.
01/08/2017 Page 52
25 Use of Hydraulic & Pneumatic Powered Equipment

harmed and how
L S R L S R
vicinity – potential
Noise 4 2 Med  Separate other workers and display ear protection zone signage. 1 2 Low
term, tinnitus etc  Job rotation.
 Use the appropriate equipment for the job
 Operatives trained in the correct use of the equipment
 Ensure appropriate guarding is fitted.
Operatives – potential for
 Ensure regular maintenance undertaken at manufacturer-recommended
Injury from the cutting tool major injury due to 3 4 Med 1 4 Low
intervals
contact with cutting tool
 Wear eye protection.
 Disconnection from the supply when changing or adjusting the cutting tool
 Store machine in appropriate case when not in use
in vicinity- possible
High pressure hydraulic fluid  Ensure equipment maintained in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions
injection of hydraulic fluid 2 5 Med 1 5 Low
/ air ejection  Operative to carry out before use checks for signs of leaks
or air into
persons
 Survey site before starting work
 Use detectors to detect hidden services
Contact with other services vicinity – risk of death 2 5 Med 1 5 Low
 Use earthed equipment
by electrocution or
explosion  Isolate services if risk of contact exists
Operatives, others in  Use equipment with integral dust extractor
vicinity – potential for  Wear P2 respirator and goggles
respiratory problems  Use a vacuum cleaner instead of sweeping
Dust and eye injuries 4 2 Med 1 2 Low
 Damping down of substrate with water mister as appropriate
 Where possible area to be closed to persons other than operative
 Area warning notices as required form site RA
Operatives / Other
Trip Hazards workers in vicinity / 3 4 Med  Leads and extension cables to be routed so as to minimise likelihood of trips. 1 4 Low
general public
 Vibration magnitude for this item is 5m/s2
HAVS from vibration Operatives – potential 3 3 Med 1 3 Low
 Using an exposure calculator - use for 4hrs within a 8hour period
01/08/2017 Page 53

harmed and how
L S R L S R
vibration white finger  Therefore each operative to be limited to 1hr continuous use and max 3hrs within
8hrs period to maximise exposure allowance.
 Ergonomic design of task ie pre-assembly to avoid repetitious fixing with poor
Operatives-potential for
posture
Work related whole body and work related upper limb
3 4 Med  Good lighting 1 4 Low
upper limb disorder and whole body vibration
 Job rotation
 Good quality access equipment
Operatives – potential falls  Site specific risk assessment to assess risks and identify the most appropriate
leading to major injury or equipment for working at height
death  Use safe system of work for use of equipment for working at height (ie mobile
Falls while operating the tool 3 5 High scaffold tower, MEWP) 1 5 Low
 Use of exclusion zones by barriers
 Hard hats to be worn
 Prohibit use in confined spaces and operate where appropriate under the control of a hot
Operatives, others in works permit.
vicinity – potential major  Do not permit use in the presence of flammable vapours.
injury, burns or death  Storage of tools in lockable steel lockers.
Fire, explosion, misuse 3 5 High  Strict accounting for issue of consumables and spent cartridges and gas cannisters. 1 5 Low
Spent or partly used cartridges are to be returned to the supplier.
 Note: large quantities must be licensed by the police in accordance with Class 6,
Division 1 of the Explosives Act 1875.

User/other person injury or fatal injuries from 3 5 High 1 5 Low
improper
 Remove keys when not in machine and lock up.
Unauthorised use Operatives 2 5 Med 1 5 Low
 Parking in compounds.
• Personal Protective Equipment Regulations 1992 (As amended 2002)
• Pressure Systems and Safety Regulations 2000
01/08/2017 Page 54

harmed and how
L S R L S R
• • Noise at Work Regulations 1989
• HS(G) 39 : Compressed air safety
Management
• Compressors and power packs may require test certificates (under Pressure Systems and Safety Regulations)
Training
• Training on work equipment as required by PUWER
• Information and instruction about HAVS and symptoms/preventative measures
01/08/2017 Page 55
26 Use of Ladders
harmed and how
L S R L S R
 Training in safe manual handling techniques.
musculo-skeletal
 Provide clear access routes where ladders are carried or accessed from.
Manual handling 3 3 Med  Provide assistance with heavy ladders. 1 3 Low
 Provide training in safe erection of ladders.
 Select lightweight ladders where appropriate.
etc
 Use correct ladder for job (roof ladder to have appropriate ridge hook and Low
Operatives / Other wheels).
Unauthorised movement of workers in vicinity /  Provide structure to secure ladder, or foot the ladder.
3 5 High 1 5
ladder General Public – potential  Provide rigid ladder.
falls leading to  Prohibit use in strong winds.
major injury or death  Provide level base or ladder-levelling device.
Operatives, others in Low
 Survey for overhead power lines.
Electrocution due to contact with vicinity – risk of death
3 5 High  Agree safe system of work. 1 5
services by electrocution or
 Use extension ladders to avoid contact and sheath or isolate power supplies.
explosion
Operatives, General Public  Establish and police exclusion zones beneath work at height. Low
– falling objects  Consider alternative to a ladder (ie scaffold, tower).
Fall of material 3 5 High 1 5
leading to major injuries  Provide hooks or tool belt to ensure one hand remains on ladder.
or fatalities  Wear helmet.
 Provide safe access routes. Low
Operatives / Other  Good housekeeping
workers in vicinity /  Good lighting.
General Public – potential  Suitable footwear.
falls leading to major  Ladder to extend at least 1m above step of point (also applicable when gaining access
Falls from height injury or death 3 5 High to roof ladders) 1 5
 Trained user, with no history of alcohol or substance abuse.
 Ladder of sufficient length to ensure no use of top four rungs.
 Prohibit use in inclement weather.
 Vertical ladders to have safety hoops to British Standard specification and
consider use of safety harnesses and continuous lines.
General public, children – Low
major injuries through
Unauthorised access 3 5 High  Remove ladder when not in use or affix plank to lower half. 1 5
falls, contact with
equipment etc
01/08/2017 Page 56
26 Use of Ladders
harmed and how
L S R L S R
Operatives / Other
 Regular form inspection and record (ie 6 monthly).
 User inspection.
Structural failure of ladder General Public – potential 2 5 Med 1 5 Low
 Prohibit any adaptation of a ladder to support a plank, eg ladder cripples.
falls leading to
major injury or death  Use Class 1 or EN131 Ladders
• BS2037: Specification for portable aluminium ladders, steps, trestles and lightweight staging
• BS EN131: Ladders
• INDG445: Safe use of ladders & stepladders: a brief guide
Training
Management
• Site specific risk assessment required for working at height
Recommendations
• All roofwork from a ladder requires a specific risk assessment. As a general principle, working from a ladder will therefore require a job-specific risk assessment.
• No ladder to exceed 9m.
01/08/2017 Page 57
27 Use of Step Ladders

harmed and how
L S R L S R
musculo-skeletal
 Training in safe manual handling techniques.
injuries, particularly Low
Manual handling 3 3 Med  Provide clear access routes 2 3
 Use lightweight step ladders where appropriate.
etc
Operatives / Other
 Use correct ladder for job.
Unauthorised movement of step  Put step ladder facing onto work area (not sideways) Low
General Public – potential 3 5 High 1 5
ladder  Ensure step ladder is maintained and rigid.
falls leading to
major injury or death  Provide level, firm base
vicinity – risk of death  Survey for power lines in the vicinity. Low
Electrocution 3 5 High 1 5
by electrocution or
explosion
Operatives, General Public  Establish and police exclusion zones.
– falling objects leading to  Consider alternative to a ladder. Ie hop ups Low
Fall of material 3 5 High 1 5
major injuries  Provide hooks or tool belt to ensure one hand remains on ladder.
or fatalities  Wear helmet.
Operatives, others in  Provide safe access routes.
vicinity – possible minor  Good housekeeping
or major injury as a result  Good lighting. Low
Slips, trips and falls 3 5 High 1 5
of falling over  Suitable footwear.
 Trained user, with no history of alcohol or substance abuse.
 Ladder of sufficient height so the hand can hold top of ladder.
major injuries through Low
Unauthorised access 3 5 High  Remove ladder when not in use 1 5
falls, contact with
equipment etc
Operatives / Other
workers in vicinity /  Regular inspection.
Structural failure of step ladder
General Public – potential 2 5 Med  User inspection. 1 5 Low
falls leading to  Use Class 1 or EN131 Ladders
major injury or death
01/08/2017 Page 58
27 Use of Step Ladders

harmed and how
L S R L S R
• BS2037: Specification for portable aluminium ladders, steps, trestles and lightweight staging
• BS EN131: Ladders
• INDG445: Safe use of ladders & stepladders: a brief guide
Training
Management
01/08/2017 Page 59
28 Use of Mobile Scaffold Towers

harmed and how
L S R L S R
 Safe Working Load (SWL) to be marked on equipment and adhered to.
 Safe system of work for erection, alteration, movement and dismantling based on the
erector having a copy of the manufacturer’s instruction manual.
 Use of top and mid guard rails on all platforms
 Use of toe boards on all working platforms
 Handover and in-service inspection (legally required if tower is static for more than a
Falls from height, fall of Operatives others in
week), erection and alteration by persons using only manufacturer’s approved
material, collapse of the vicinity – potential falls
4 5 High components. 1 5 Low
scaffold, overturn of the leading to major injury
 Bombing (throwing materials off the scaffold) to be prohibited. No use of chutes.
scaffold or death
 Monitoring of weather conditions (if outside) and dismantling where appropriate.
 Careful inspection of ground condition before erection and maintenance of good ground
conditions.
 Wear safety helmets.
 Access to tower by manufacturer’s ladders or stairs.
 Visitors & General Public to be excluded from area below scaffold.
Operatives others in
Unsafe movement of the tower vicinity – potential falls  Brakes to be applied, tools and persons removed before movement, dismantling in
3 5 High 1 5 Low
leading to major injury accordance with training.
or death
Persons or vehicles colliding with vicinity – potential falls Low
2 5 Med  Lighting, provision of cones or barriers around the scaffolding 1 5
the scaffold leading to major injury
or death
Children / General Public–
Unauthorised access to the tower potential falls leading to  Removal or boarding up of the first lift access ladder. Low
2 5 Med 1 5
major injury  Display warning notices.
or death
musculo-skeletal
Manual handling 3 3 Med  Use safe system of work for carrying and lifting components 2 3
etc
01/08/2017 Page 60
28 Use of Mobile Scaffold Towers

harmed and how
L S R L S R
Contact with overhead services vicinity – risk of death Low
3 5 High  Survey site before erection, agree with cable owner to remove power from cable 1 5
by electrocution or
explosion
• Prefabricated Aluminium Scaffolding Manufacturer’s Association (PASMA) Code of Practice
• Tower Manufacturers Instruction Leaflet
Training
• Erectors should be in possession of proof of training
• Users should have received basic instruction (ie a toolbox talk) on safe working practices based on CIS10 as a minimum
Management/Supervision
• Constant monitoring to ensure towers always comply with manufacturer’s instructions. Also wearing of hard hats needs regular monitoring.
Recommendations
• Deviations from manufacturer’s recommendations requires a specific risk assessment and method statement.
01/08/2017 Page 61
29 Use of Staging Systems

harmed and how
L S R L S R
 All working at height to be properly planned and supervised by trained and
competent persons
 Staging system to be erected, altered and dismantled by trained and competent
operatives only
 Use of purpose made staging boards, not timber boards
 Trestles / staging boards compliant with BS 2037 Class 1
Falls from height, fall of  Safe Working Load (SWL) to be marked on equipment and adhered to
vicinity – potential falls
material, collapse of the 4 5 High  Use of top and mid guard rails on open edge of staging board if above 0.5m high 1 5 Low
leading to major injury
staging system
or death  Width of staging to be adequate for job being undertaken
 Careful inspection of ground condition before erection and maintenance of good surface
conditions
 Wear safety helmets
 Visitors & General Public to be excluded from area below trestles
 No use of boxes or other means to increase the height on the trestles
Unsafe movement of the staging vicinity – potential falls
3 5 High  Trestles to be properly erected and used on firm level surface 1 5 Low
system leading to major injury
or death
Persons or vehicles colliding with vicinity – potential falls Low
2 5 Med  Lighting, provision of cones or barriers around the staging system 1 5
the staging system leading to major injury
or death
Children / General
Unauthorised access to the Public– potential falls Low
2 5 Med  Securing or dismantling of staging system when not in use. 1 5
staging system leading to major injury
or death
musculo-skeletal
Manual handling 3 3 Med  Use safe system of work for carrying and lifting components 2 3
etc
01/08/2017 Page 62
29 Use of Staging Systems

harmed and how
L S R L S R
• Specification for portable timber ladders, trestles and lightweight staging British Standard BS 2037:1990
Training
• Users should have received basic instruction (ie a toolbox talk) on safe working practices as a minimum
Management/Supervision
• Constant monitoring to ensure trestles are used correctly Also wearing of hard hats needs regular monitoring.
Recommendations
•.
01/08/2017 Page 63
30 Use of Access Scaffolding

harmed and how
L S R L S R
 Handover and in-service weekly inspection, erection by certificated scaffolders.
 Safe system of work for erection, including use of safety harnesses.
Operatives / Other workers  Bombing (throwing materials off the scaffold) to be prohibited.
Falls from height, fall of in vicinity– potential falls  Use of top rail, mid rail and toeboards in accordance with statutory requirements
4 5 High 1 5 Low
material leading to major injury or  Minimal gaps between boards
death  Monitoring of weather conditions and re-inspection where appropriate.
 Provision of fans, brickguards or sheeting.
 Visitors & General Public to be excluded from area below scaffold.
in vicinity– potential falls
Collapse of the scaffold. 3 5 High  Alteration by scaffolders only. 1 5 Low
leading to
Operatives / general public
Boards flying off in windy – major injury or death
2 5 Med  Boards to be secured as required 1 5 Low
weather caused by falling objects
 Careful inspection of ground condition before erection.

 Design of the scaffold if additional loads imposed, eg sheeting, hoist
Persons or vehicles colliding with in vicinity– potential falls Low
2 5 Med  Capping of exposed tube ends, taping of exposed nuts, lighting approved by the 1 5
the scaffold leading to major injury or
Local Authority, provision of cones, painted timber baulks and sleeved standards.
death
Children / General Public–
 Removal or boarding up of the first lift access ladder.
Unauthorised access to the potential falls Low
2 5 Med  The difficult access to the rear of the building will also prevent access. 1 5
scaffolding leading to major injury
or death  Possible alarming of system
musculo-skeletal
injuries, particularly  Use aluminium tubes or system scaffold components, provide lifting equipment to Low
Manual handling 3 3 Med 2 3
back injuries, sprains, raise materials for the scaffolder.
etc
• Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 2015.
• Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998.
01/08/2017 Page 64
30 Use of Access Scaffolding

harmed and how
L S R L S R
• HS(G)150 Health and safety in construction.
• HS(G) 168 Fire Safety in Construction Work
• BS 5973 Code of practice for access and working scaffolds and special scaffold structures in steel. (NOW REVOKED)
• NASC Guide to Good Practice for Scaffolding with Tubes and Fittings (TG20:13)
• BS EN 12811-1 : 2003 Scaffolds - performance requirements and general design
• Cradle Riggers and Users guide to safe suspended platforms (Construction Industry Press S81)
• CITB Guide to practical scaffolding (CE509)
• GE 700 notes 5 part 1 National Access and Scaffolding Confederation (NASC) The use of fall arrest equipment whilst erecting, altering and dismantling scaffolding SG4
Training
• Scaffolders should be in possession of proof of training (Basic Scaffolder, Advanced Scaffolder), including use of safety harnesses.
• Workers should be made aware that alteration of scaffolds or removal of ties can only be undertaken by competent scaffolders on receipt of specific authority.
• Supervisors should be fully trained in scaffold inspection.
• Basic training in the form of tool-box talks should be provided to all workers to enable them to identify scaffold components and defects in scaffolds.
Management
• A detailed specification is required for scaffolding to ensure it is erected in accordance with NASC guidelines and that it provides edge protection where required, working platforms positioned at
the correct height for the user, ladder access points intelligently positioned and suitable loading bays. Wearing of helmets needs regular monitoring.
Recommendations
• The method statement should detail sequence for dismantling as well as erection of scaffolding.
01/08/2017 Page 65
31 Use of Genie Lift

harmed and how
L S R L S R
 The planning, control and supervision of all lifting operations to be under the
responsibility of a competent and experienced person
 Matters to be considered will include access for the lifting equipment, surface
conditions, overhead restrictions, proximity of lifting equipment to loading position,
Operatives – major injuries loads to be within safe working load of lifting equipment, thorough examination
or fatalities as a result of certificate for lifting equipment to be up to date, test certificates for slinging
Equipment overturning/failing 3 5 High 1 5 Low
being struck by falling equipment to be up to date, competency of lifting equipment operators
equipment  Monitor lifting equipment operations whilst lifting
 Competent person to organise and take responsibility for the lifting operation
 Site survey to highlight pace issues and other obstructions in the building
 Follow equipment manufacturer’s leaflet
 Do not use damaged equipment and report any faults immediately
 Loads to be positioned so that centre of gravity is well with the forks / platform
 Prevent people from entering area below the load being lifted
 Work area to have adequate space such that load being lifted does not make contact
with another object/surface and falls as a result
 If load being supported at either end, then operatives to be positioned well away from
load in case of a fall
Operatives – major injuries  Lifting equipment must be examined and tested as prescribed by the Lifting
Materials falling during lifting or fatalities as a result of Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations 1998 (LOLER Regulations)
3 5 High 1 5 Low
operations being struck by falling  The equipment must be maintained in an efficient state, working order and good repair
load/materials  The lifting equipment should be inspected before use and formally at least once a week
by the operator or other competent person in accordance with manufacturers' instructions
 All loads to be lifted to be within the safe working load of the lifting equipment
 Do not move equipment with a raised load, except for minor positioning
 Never leave the equipment unattended with a supported load
 Team lifting onto genie lift

Operatives – major injuries
 Use of mechanisation to move load to as close as possible to front of lifting
Manual handling of loads onto as a result of being struck
3 4 Med equipment 1 4 Low
genie lifts by falling load/materials
 Limit weight to ideally 25kg per person (or limit at which the operative is
comfortable lifting
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31 Use of Genie Lift

harmed and how
L S R L S R
 Safety footwear worn
 Gloves worn as required to prevent slipping loads
• Reference to Equipment Instruction Leaflet
• Organisation and control prior to and during all lifting operations.
• Method statements to include details or on site briefing of how all lifting operations are organised/controlled on site.
Training
• Training / briefing in the use of the equipment
01/08/2017 Page 67
32 Use of Forklift Truck / Telehandler

harmed and how
L S R L S R
 Driver trained in safe driving techniques and instructed not to lift over people,
in vicinity / General Public-
 Driver in strengthened cab,
Fall of material from forks of major injury or death due
3 5 High  Safe Working Load (SWL) not exceeded, 1 5 Low
FLT to being struck by falling
 Trained, authorised drivers
object
 Check condition of surface as part of daily/weekly inspection
 Safe system of work (in accordance with FLT driver training),
 FLT suitable for work undertaken,
 Clean surfaces in good condition, and mostly on the level except for slope at rear
 Speed limit kept low - speed limiters installed
FLT overturning, particularly  FLT tyres in good condition,
major injury or death due 3 5 High 1 5 Low
on sloping ground  Safe Working Load not exceeded,
to being crushed
 Loads are not lifted high,
 Roll over protection system and seat belt worn when risk of toppling exists
 Trained, authorised drivers
 FLT fitted with horn, reversing alarm and flashing light – need daily checks to
confirm they are working
Operatives / Other workers  FLT Warning signs at site as required
in vicinity / General Public-  Limit traffic in FLT operations area,
Contact with moving vehicles major injury or death due  Limit number of pedestrians using area
3 5 High 1 5 Low
or pedestrians to contact with a moving  Optimise layout of site
vehicle  No unaccompanied visitors on site
 Adequate lighting in area
 Visitors enter premises through front entrance
 High-viz clothing worn by everyone on site
 Adequate lighting,
major injury or death due
Collision with structures 3 5 High  Staff training and awareness 1 5 Low
to collapse of the
structure  Protection installed in vulnerable areas as required
Operatives – potential  Provision of suitable non-slip footwear

Falls from machine falls leading to major injury 2 5 Med  Handholds fitted and non-slip materials used on FLT, 1 5 Low
or death  FLT kept clean,
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harmed and how
L S R L S R
 Seat belt fitted
 Passengers prohibited from riding on FLT
Potential failure of lifting  Ensure all “lifting accessories” and examined by a competent company every 6 months
shovels and cage when in use 2 5 Med in accordance with statutory requirements (speak to FLT maintenance company) 1 5 Low
to falling people or being
struck by falling object
Operatives, Other workers

in vicinity, General Public -
major injury or death by  Keys removed when FLT not in use
people being run over  FLT parked in safe area
by our vehicles/plant

in vicinity- possible
High pressure fluid ejection injection of hydraulic fluid 2 4 Med  Maintenance in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions 1 4 Low
into
persons
Operatives, Other
workers in vicinity,
General Public - major
Bad Weather 2 5 Med  Outside surfaces cleared of ice/snow before FLT is used 1 5 Low
injury or death by people
being run over
Operatives / Other
 Extent of maintenance undertaken by drivers is limited,
 All other maintenance, including tyre repair, is undertaken by specialist
General Public-possible
Maintenance 2 5 Med mechanics 1 5 Low
 Ensure daily checklist is fitted to FLTs in a prominent location
to failure of
machine  Ensure records of daily checks maintained
Operatives, Other workers  Drivers have full driving licence,
in vicinity,  Drivers have certificate of competence
Drivers 3 5 High 1 5 Low
General Public - major  Manager checks competence of FLT drives
injury or death by  Drivers medically fit,
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harmed and how
L S R L S R
people being run over  Drivers instructed to report any medical conditions/ medication that may affect their
by our vehicles/plant ability to operate the FLT safely
 Consider refresher training for FLT drivers at periodic intervals (i.e. every 3 to 5 years)

• Approved Code of Practice and Supplementary Guidance "Rider Operated Lift Trucks- operator training". ISBN 0 7176 2455 2 (HSE)
• Safety in Working with Lift trucks HSG(6)
Management
• Ensure suitable equipment hired for material and site conditions
• Ensure risk assessment undertaken and forklift truck operations planned before starting work on site – ensure drivers are fully briefed
Training
• Drivers must have up to date forklift truck licence and be medically fit
01/08/2017 Page 70
33 Use of 360 degree Excavator

harmed and how
L S R L S R
Operatives / Other workers  A induction provide awareness of any serious layout hazards and any speed limits.
in vicinity / General Public-  Provide stop blocks for machines approaching the edge of an excavation.
Overturn of machine major injury or death due 3 5 High  Provide bog mats for working on unstable surfaces. 1 5 Low
to being crushed  Wear seatbelts.
 Machinery movements to be under the control of a qualified banksman/slinger.

 Separation of traffic from pedestrian routes.
Operatives, Other  Wearing of high visibility clothing.
workers in vicinity,  Minimise reversing movements and follow site traffic arrangements in the health and
General Public - major safety plan including adequate temporary lighting.
injury or death by people  Exclude all people who are not directly involved in the work of the machine from the
Contact with moving machines being run over by our working area.
3 5 High 1 5 Low
or pedestrians vehicles/plant  Use flashing beacon and horn.
 Maintain as a minimum 600mm clearance between the machine and any fixed
structure.
 Ensure that all workers have an agreed system for attracting the driver's
attention before entering the danger zone.
 If driver's view of pedestrians is obscured display warning signs
 Reversing alarms.
 Inspection and tests required by LOLER*.
 Defects reporting book.
 No lifting over people or carriage of loads on the highway, drivers of vehicles being
Fall of material from bucket or in vicinity / General
High loaded to stay within strengthened cabs or away from work area.
forks/failure of lifting Public– falling objects 3 5 1 5 Low
equipment leading to major injuries or  Provision of automatic safe load indicator or marking maximum safe working load
fatalities (SWL) at maximum reach.
 Manufacturer's handbook in cab.
 Prohibit use of fork attachments (provide fork lift truck).
Operatives, Other
 Specific site rules to identify where men are to take refuge during some
Collision with plant or vehicles mechanical handling operations.
during mechanical handling 3 5 High  Use qualified banksman/slinger 1 5 Low
being run over  Purpose made attachment points and tested slings or chains or fork attachments used
by our vehicles/plant within SWL of machine.
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harmed and how
L S R L S R
vicinity – potential  Provision and enforced wearing of high quality ear defenders during hydraulic
Noise 3 2 Low 2 2 Low
hearing loss in long breaker duties.
term, tinnitus etc
vicinity – possible minor Low
Slips, trips and falls 2 3 Low  Good housekeeping. 1 3
result of falling over  Good lighting.
 Provide footwear with good grip.
 Install handholds and non-slip materials to all areas of the machine for which access Low
Falls from the machine leading to minor or major 3 4 Med 1 4
is required and clean regularly.
injury
 Prohibit passengers unless seats are provided.
Operatives / Other
workers in vicinity-
High Pressure hydraulic fluid Low
possible injection of 1 5 Low  Maintenance in accordance with manufacturers instructions. 1 5
ejection
hydraulic fluid into
persons
Operatives, Other
General Public - major Low
Weather 3 5 High  Suspend work during conditions causing poor visibility or loss of steering. 1 5
being run over
Contact with underground or vicinity – risk of death  Remove/disconnect/move services or work with them restricted with chains.
3 5 High 1 5 Low
overhead services by electrocution or  Carry out physical survey to identify locations of all buried services and limit dig.
explosion
Operatives-possible  Use and maintain ergonomic adjustable seating and ensure drivers are aware of how to
possible musculo- adjust and use it. Low
Whole body vibration 2 4 Med 1 4
skeletal injuries, nerve or  Maintain cab and chassis suspension and maintain main routes as free of bumps
muscle damage as possible.
 Allow time to travel at appropriate speed over rough ground.
Operatives, others in  Ensure fire extinguisher in cab Low
Fire vicinity – potential major 2 5 Med 1 5
 Ensure operatives have appropriate information & training.
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harmed and how
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injury, burns or death
vicinity – risk of death Low
Electrocution 2 5 Med  Provide instruction in methods of jump starting flat batteries. 1 5
by electrocution or
explosion
 Remove keys when not in machine and lock up.
major injury or death by
Unauthorised use 2 5 Med  Parking in compounds with security clamps or immobilisers. 1 5 Low
people being run over
by our vehicles/plant  Secure detachable cab covers.
musculo-skeletal
 Training in safe manual handling techniques
Manual Handling injuries, sprains, 3 4 Med 1 4 Low
strains, cuts, fractures  Provide points of attachment on all plant to facilitate mechanical handling
etc
Operatives / Other
General Public-possible  Driver maintenance restricted.
Maintenance 2 5 Med 1 5 Low
major injury or death due  All other maintenance including tyre repair only by specialist mechanics.
to failure of
machine
• Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999
• Road Vehicles (Construction and Use) Regulations 1986
• HS(G) 47: Avoiding danger from buried services
• HS(G) 144 Safe use of vehicles in construction work
• HS(G) 150: Health and safety in construction
• HS(G) 151: Protecting the public your next move
• BS 6913: Operation and maintenance of earthmoving machinery
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harmed and how
L S R L S R
• BS EN 474: Earthmoving machinery — safety
• GS 6: Avoidance of danger from overhead services.
01/08/2017 Page 74
34 Use of Dumper Trucks

harmed and how
L S R L S R
Operatives / Other workers  At induction provide awareness of any serious layout hazards and any speed limits.
in vicinity / General Public-  Provide stop blocks for machines approaching the edge of an excavation.
Overturn of machine major injury or death due 3 5 High  Wear seatbelts. 1 5 Low
to being crushed  Ensure ROPS (Roll over protection systems) fitted

 Wearing of high visibility clothing.
Operatives, Other  Minimise reversing movements and follow site traffic arrangements in the health and
workers in vicinity, safety plan including adequate temporary lighting.
Contact with moving machines General Public - major 3 5 High  Exclude all people who are not directly involved in the work of the machine from the 1 5 Low
or pedestrians injury or death by people working area.
being run over by our  Use flashing beacon and horn.
vehicles/plant  Do not overload bucket to impair visibility.
 Reversing alarms.
in vicinity / General  Do not overload bucket
Fall of material from bucket Public– falling 3 5 High  Exclude others from work area when loading or dumping– if in doubt use a 1 5 Low
objects leading to major banksman
injuries or fatalities
vicinity – potential  Provision and enforced wearing of high quality ear defenders during hydraulic
Noise 3 2 Low 2 2 Low
term, tinnitus etc
Slips, trips and falls 2 3 Low  Good housekeeping. 2 3 Low
result of falling over  Good lighting.
Falls from the machine leading to minor or 3 4 Med 1 4 Low
major injury  Prohibit passengers unless seats are provided.
Operatives / Other
High Pressure hydraulic fluid workers in vicinity-
2 5 Med  Maintenance in accordance with manufacturers instructions. 1 5 Low
ejection possible injection of
hydraulic fluid into
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harmed and how
L S R L S R
persons
Operatives, Other
Weather 3 5 High  Suspend work during conditions causing poor visibility or loss of steering. 1 5 Low
being run over
Operatives-possible  Use and maintain ergonomic adjustable seating and ensure drivers are aware of how to
possible musculo- adjust and use it. Low
Whole body vibration 3 4 Med 1 4
skeletal injuries, nerve or  Maintain cab and chassis suspension and maintain main routes as free of bumps
muscle damage as possible.
 Allow time to travel at appropriate speed over rough ground.
by electrocution or
explosion
Operatives, Other
General Public - major  Remove keys when not in machine and lock up. Low
Unauthorised use 2 5 Med 1 5
injury or death by people  Parking in compounds.
being run over
musculo-skeletal
Manual Handling injuries, sprains, strains, 1 4 Low  Training in safe manual handling techniques 1 4 Low
cuts, fractures
etc
Operatives / Other
General Public-possible  Driver maintenance restricted. Low
Maintenance 2 5 Med 1 5
major injury or death due  All other maintenance including tyre repair only by specialist mechanics.
to failure of
machine
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harmed and how
L S R L S R
• Control of Vibrations at Work Regulations 2005
• INDG242 Control of Vibrations at Work – employers guide
• BS 6913: Operation and maintenance of earthmoving machinery
• BS EN 474: Earthmoving machinery — safety
Management
• The possession of a valid training certificate is not a guarantee for safe working practices. Every driver should be monitored and the site manager regularly driver's licences.
Training
• Machine operator.
01/08/2017 Page 77
35 Use of Ride-on-Rollers
harmed and how
L S R L S R
Operatives / Other workers  At induction provide awareness of any serious layout hazards
 Provide stop blocks for machines approaching the edge of an excavation.
Overturn of machine major 3 5 High 1 5 Low
 Wear seatbelts.
injury or death due to being
crushed  Ensure ROPS (Roll over protection systems) fitted

Operatives, Other  Wearing of high visibility clothing on site.
Contact with moving machines workers in vicinity,  Exclude all people who are not directly involved in the work of the machine from the
3 5 High 1 5 Low
or pedestrians General Public - major working area.
injury or death by people  Use flashing beacon and horn.
being run over  Reversing alarms.
Slips, trips and falls 2 3 Low  Ensure access steps onto machine, handles etc are present and clean 2 3 Low
or major injury as a result
of falling over
Falls from the machine leading to minor or major 3 4 Med 1 4 Low
 Prohibit passengers.
injury
by electrocution or
explosion
major injury or death by  Remove keys when not in machine and lock up. Low
people being run over  Parking in compounds.
Operatives / Other
 Driver maintenance restricted. Low
Maintenance General Public-possible 2 5 Med 1 5
 All other maintenance including tyre repair only by specialist mechanics.
due to failure of
01/08/2017 Page 78
35 Use of Ride-on-Rollers
harmed and how
L S R L S R
machine

Management
• The possession of a valid training certificate is not a guarantee for safe working practices. Every driver should be monitored and the site manager regularly driver's licences.
Training
01/08/2017 Page 79
36 Use of Compactor / Wacker Plate

harmed and how
L S R L S R
Operatives / Other workers  At induction provide awareness of any serious layout hazards.
in vicinity / General Public-  Provide stop blocks for compactor used close to the edge of an excavation.
Overturn of machine major injury or death due 2 5 Med  Do not use on excessively sloping ground – refer to manufacturer’s instructions for 1 5 Low
to being crushed safe slope limits
 Opertate in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions
Operatives, Other
workers in vicinity,  Wearing of high visibility clothing.
Contact with moving machines General Public - major  Exclude all people who are not directly involved in the work of the machine from the
3 5 High 1 5 Low
or pedestrians injury or death by people working area.
being struck by  If in doubt, use banksman to keep a look out for others
our vehicles/plant
Operatives-possible
Roll over feet major crush injury to 3 4 Med  Wearing of safety boots 1 4 Low
feet
vicinity – potential  Provision and enforced wearing of high quality ear defenders during hydraulic Low
Noise 4 2 Med 2 2
term, tinnitus etc
vicinity – possible minor Low
Slips, trips and falls 3 3 Med  Good housekeeping. 1 3
 Good lighting.
Operatives-possible
 Use suitable well maintained equipment.
possible musculo-
Hand/Arm vibration 4 4 High  Use of low vibration equipment 1 4 Low
skeletal injuries, nerve or
 Obtain information on levels of vibration emitted by equipment, and ensure
muscle damage
operatives do not exceed the daily exposure.
Operatives, Other
General Public - major  Remove keys when not in machine and lock up. Low
injury or death by people  Parking in compounds.
being struck by
our plant
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36 Use of Compactor / Wacker Plate

harmed and how
L S R L S R
Operatives / Other
General Public-possible  Operator maintenance restricted. Low
Maintenance 2 5 Med 1 5
major injury or death due  All other maintenance by specialist mechanics.
to failure of
machine
Management
The possession of a valid training certificate is not a guarantee for safe working practices. Every operator should be monitored and the site manager should have sight of the operator’s certificate.
Training
01/08/2017 Page 81
37 Use of Cement Mixers

harmed and how
L S R L S R
vicinity – potential Low
Noise 4 2 Med  Wearing ear defenders if working close to machine 2 2
term, tinnitus etc
 Position on firm, level ground
Overturn of machine major 2 5 Med 1 5 Low
injury or death due to being  Operate in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions
crushed
major injury by people  Disconnect from supply when not in use Low
being struck or contacting  Keep inside secure compound
our
plant
 Use of 110v supply
Electrocution 2 5 Med  PAT test every three months 1 5
by electrocution or
explosion  If 240 volt equipment used, then ensure RCD used in circuit
in vicinity / General Public-  Operatives to be instructed in safe use of machine
major injury or death due to  No cleaning when machine is in operation Low
Entanglement 3 5 High 1 5
entanglement with  Do not allow shovel, arms etc. to enter drum.
machine  No loose clothing or jewellery to be worn when using machine
 COSHH assessment to be undertaken

 Operatives to wear appropriate clothing to minimise contact with cement (ie
Contact with cement 2 2 Low impervious gloves, full length trousers) 1 2 Low
to COSHH
 Washing facilities at site (including warm water and soap)
assessments
 Operatives to be encouraged to use barrier creams, moisturisers etc
Operatives / Other
 Operator maintenance restricted. Low
Maintenance General Public-possible 2 5 Med 1 5
 All other maintenance by specialist company
due to failure of
01/08/2017 Page 82
37 Use of Cement Mixers

harmed and how
L S R L S R
machine

• Construction (Design & Management) Regulations 2015
Management
• Monitoring use of equipment
Training
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38 Use of Vibrating Equipment (Risk of HAVS)

harmed and how
L S R L S R
 Use of suitable, well maintained equipment
 Selection of equipment with lowest levels of vibration – see manufacturers
details about the equipment
 Obtain information on levels of vibration emitted by equipment, and ensure
Operatives – potential operatives do not exceed the daily exposure value (5 ms-2) – Refer to HSE
Hand/Arm Vibration vibration white finger calculator website or manufacturer’s data
3 4 Med 1 4 Low
Syndrome  If necessary, use HSE’s vibration exposure calculator - available at
www.hse.gov.uk/vibration/vibcalc.xls
 Gloves and facilities available to keep hands warm
 Health surveillance
 Information and training to operatives about the condition, the causes and control
measures.
 Ergonomic design of task ie pre-assembly to avoid repetitious fixing with poor
Operatives-possible
posture
Work related upper limb disorder possible musculo-
3 4 Med  Good lighting 1 4 Low
skeletal injuries, nerve or
 Job rotation
muscle damage
 Good quality access equipment
• Control of Vibration at Work Regulations 2012
• HS(G) 88: Hand-arm vibration
Management
• Selection / procurement of equipment with lowest levels of vibration
• Implementation of Health Surveillance programme
Training
• Information and instruction about HAVS and symptoms/preventative measures
01/08/2017 Page 84
39 General Manual Handling Assessments

harmed and how
L S R L S R
Injuries can be caused by the Operatives, Third
Task, Individual, Load, parties, damage to load,  Eliminate Manual Handling activity completely
Environment or an damage to property  Use suitable and sufficient mechanical aids to transport load (ie trolley, barrow)
amalgamation of these hazards Injuries include;  Deliver close to work place
Abrasions, Cuts,  Reduce distance of travel
Injuries include; Abrasions, Cuts, Strains / Sprains, 3 4 Med  Reduce load overall size and weight 1 4 Low
Strains / Sprains, Crushes, Crushes, Muscular  Increase number of people to lift load (one person in charge)
Muscular skeletal, Fracture, skeletal, Fracture,
Hernias Hernias  Refer to site specific risk assessment for manual handling tasks with
significant risks
 Where possible heavy loads are to be kept to a minimum or reduced in overall weight
Operatives, Injuries
– HSE guidance on Max loads to be lifted per person:
include; Abrasions,
 Male = 25kg
Cuts, Strains /
 Female = 16kg
Sprains, Crushes,
Hazards associated with  Is the load bulky / unwieldy – Seek assistance if handler can not see route of travel
Muscular skeletal, 3 4 Med 1 4 Low
LOAD or load larger than 750mm square.
Fracture, Hernias
 Is the load difficult to grasp due to no handles, sharp, slippy, rounded – wear correct
also damage to load,
PPE gloves for type of load, use slings.
damage to property
 Ensure the load will not shift or move inside its packaging
 Is the load weight evenly distributed – Lift with heavier side to body
 Inspect route of travel, is it excessive, greater than 10m, if so incorporate rest break.
 Keep load close into the body – Move any restrictions that keep handler away from
the load.
include; Abrasions,
 Reduce stress to lower back - Do not twist while holding load.
Cuts, Strains /
 Do not stoop or bend - To lift load bend at knees.
Sprains, Crushes,
Hazards associated with  Reduce the height the load has to be lifted too – heavy items to be stacked near floor.
TASK  Keep pushing or pulling of load to a minimum - Keep extremities clear of
Fracture, Hernias
obstructions reducing entrapment.
 Precise positioning may require the operative to be in a more awkward position, use
damage to property
additional person to assist.
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include; Abrasions,
 Ensure that there is adequate room to manoeuvre load.
Cuts, Strains /
 Ensure floor is not slippery or uneven.
Sprains, Crushes,
Hazards associated with  Check that any change in height during transit route suitable for access with load.
ENVIRONMENT  Ensure weather conditions do not effect task ie high wind applying additional force
Fracture, Hernias
to load been carried or wet weather increasing slip hazard.
damage to property  Ensure that there is enough lighting in the area to undertake the task safely.
include; Abrasions,  Handler must have had Manual Handling Training – associated with the type of loads
Cuts, Strains / they will lift.
Sprains, Crushes,  Ensure that the task does not stretch the handlers physically capability.
Hazards associated with
Muscular skeletal, 3 4 Med  Do not lift load if: (Must be reported to supervisor) 1 4 Low
INDIVIDUAL
Fracture, Hernias  a. Handler a pregnant female.
also damage to load,  b. If handlers present state of health poor
damage to property  Wear the appropriate PPE: Including footwear, gloves, goggles, head protection
include; Abrasions,
Cuts, Strains /
 Ensure that manual handling task is not hindered by clothing or PPE worn.
Sprains, Crushes,
 Ensure that hazards are not increased due to tenant interaction
Other Factors Muscular skeletal, 3 4 Med 1 4 Low
 Ensure any outside influences such as other operatives / transport / area use does not
Fracture, Hernias
increase the danger to handler
damage to property
Operatives, Injuries  Adopt a good manual handling technique:-

include; Abrasions, a. Think before handling - Plan lift / access load
Cuts, Strains / b. Adopt a stable position as close as possible to load – feet apart shoulder width
Sprains, Crushes, with leading foot forward
Hazards associated with
Muscular skeletal, 3 4 Med c. Bend at knees – slight bend of back may be required 1 4 Low
poor lifting technique
Fracture, Hernias d. Test the load before lifting – is it within your capablility ?
also e. Take good hold of load
damage to load, damage f. Lift using leg muscles – keep back as straight as possible – do not jerk
to property g. Keep load close to body when moving load
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h. Avoid twisting and leaning
i. Keep head up
i. Move smoothly
j. Do not lift beyond personal means
k. Put load down using the above techniques in reverse
• HSE Leaflet – Getting to grips with manual handling INDG143
• HSE Guidance on Manual Handling Regulations L23
Management
• If possible, avoid manual handling tasks, otherwise
• Risk assessment of manual handling activity, and provide mechanisation, physical lifting and teamwork as a last resort•
Training
• Operatives to receive Information and instruction about manual handling
01/08/2017 Page 87
40 Noise Assessments
harmed and how
L S R L S R
General guide to noise exposure levels
Are employees exposed to noise which makes it necessary to shout to talk to someone 1 m
away, for more than about half an hour per day in total? The noise level here is probably
90 dB or more
 Undertake a formal Noise Assessment by a competent noise assessor using a class 2

meter
 Reduce noise level exposure to operative by means other than PPE (Mechanical controls)
 Operative must wear correctly selected hearing protection and must be able to reduce
levels of noise to below 87dB(A) at the ear
 A hearing protection zone should be instigated to restrict access to area
 Signage to be placed on all entrances to area
Are employees exposed to noise which makes it necessary to shout to talk to someone 2 m
Operatives / Other away, for more than about two hours per day in total? The noise level here is probably 85 dB
workers in vicinity / or more. (Upper Exposure Action Value)
Hearing damage due to exposure General Public-potential
3 4 Med 1 4 Low
to noise of temporary or  Undertake a formal Noise assessment by a competent noise assessor using a class 2
permanent hearing meter
damage  Reduce noise level exposure to operative by means other than PPE (Mechanical controls)
 Operative must wear correctly selected hearing protection
 A hearing protection zone should be instigated to restrict access
 Signage to be placed on all entrances to area
Is conversation at 2m possible, but noise is intrusive - comparable to a busy street, a typical

vacuum cleaner or a crowded restaurant - for more than about six hours per day in total?
The noise level here is probably 80 dB or more. (Lower Exposure Action Value)
 Supply operatives with hearing protection

 Operative decision to wear PPE
 Practical methods to reduce noise
01/08/2017 Page 88
harmed and how
L S R L S R
Tools
 Eliminate the noise, undertake the work process in a different way
 Use a different tool with a lower noise emission
 Use hand tools
 Ensure that tools bits are kept sharp
 Use tools in accordance with manufacturers guidance
 Ensure that work equipment is properly maintained
 Ensure that all guards and fixtures on work equipment are suitable for task
Task
 Is the task essential, does the task need to be done
 Ensure that material secured correctly to reduce noise from vibration
 Reduce the time allowed to undertake the task spread task over number of days
Environment
 If applicable enclose the task process in an acoustic booth
 If appropriate use barriers to reduce noise transmission – shut doors
 Undertake noisy operations away from other operatives
Personnel
 Reduce exposure time by reducing trigger time on task
 Use alternative operatives after a stated amount of time
 Restrict access to other operatives to area eliminating exposure to noise
 Once exposure levels have been reached no other noisy work tasks can be carried
out by that employee. Noise exposure is accumulative
 e. Inform all operatives of the risks to hearing and the procedures placed upon them
Operatives / Other
workers in vicinity-
Hearing damage due to working  Ensure that all non employees are restricted to the area
potential of temporary 3 4 Med 1 4 Low
environment  Shut all doors windows isolating people from noise source
or permanent hearing
damage
Tenant / Public-  Inform tenant of the process about to be started and for approx duration
Annoyed tenant / public due to
potential for annoyance and 4 2 Med  Do not undertake noisy tasks before 0900 or after 1600 allowing for tenant and 1 2 Low
amount of noise produced
possible neighbour comfort
01/08/2017 Page 89
harmed and how
L S R L S R
confrontation  Provide hearing protection to tenant if required. For comfort use only not because of any
exposure values reached
Operatives – potential long  Supply health surveillance for operatives in constantly noisy environments
term hearing damage due to  Ensure that all operatives are issued with their own PPE ear protection
Health hazard
inadequate hearing 3 3 Med  All operatives to be instructed in the use, fitting, cleaning, storage and 1 3 Low
Ear infection
protection replacement of hearing protection
 Special emphasis to be on disposable ear protection and cleanliness of hands
• Control of Noise at Work Regulations 2005
• HSE Guidance on Noise at Work Regulations L108
• HSE Leaflet – Guidance for employers on Control of Noise at Work Regulations 2005 INDG362
Management
• Management to assess noise levels and extent of exposure to noise – noise levels to be reduced by selection of appropriate equipment, duration of noise exposure
• Hearing defenders to be provided to all operatives – wearing of hearing defenders to be enforced when noise levels above 85 dB(A)
Training
• Operatives to receive Information and instruction about noise and noise exposure
01/08/2017 Page 90

FWS General Risk Assessment

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FWS General Risk Assessment

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GENERAL RISK ASSESSMENTS

Prepared by Nick Brion

37 Use of Cement Mixers.................................................................................................................................82

Determining the Risk Rating (See Risk Assessment Tables)

The likelihood of harm occurring as result of the hazard:-

The potential severity of harm caused:-

Low = less than 7

General public, children –

Relevant legislation and sources of information

Relevant legislation and sources of information

8 Brickwork & Blockwork

8 Brickwork & Blockwork

Relevant legislation and sources of information

Operatives, others in  Operatives warned about hazards with cement

11 Placing of Roof Trusses

11 Placing of Roof Trusses

12 Installation of Dry Lining / Partitioning

12 Installation of Dry Lining / Partitioning

13 Installation of Plasterboard / Suspended Ceilings

13 Installation of Plasterboard / Suspended Ceilings

14 Carpentry & Joinery Work

14 Carpentry & Joinery Work

15 Plastering & Rendering

15 Plastering & Rendering

Relevant legislation and sources of information

17 Plumbing & Heating

17 Plumbing & Heating

17 Plumbing & Heating

18 Temporary Electrical Supplies

19 Low Voltage Electrical Works

20 Use of Portable Electrical Equipment

Operatives / Other  Use the appropriate tool for the job

20 Use of Portable Electrical Equipment

21 Use of Hand Tools

Operatives / Other  Use correct tool for the job.

22 Use of Abrasive Wheels

22 Use of Abrasive Wheels

23 Use of Circular Saws / Chop Saws

23 Use of Circular Saws / Chop Saws

Operatives / Other workers

24 Use of Cartridge Operated Tools

Operatives / Other workers

24 Use of Cartridge Operated Tools

25 Use of Hydraulic & Pneumatic Powered Equipment

25 Use of Hydraulic & Pneumatic Powered Equipment

Operatives / Other workers

25 Use of Hydraulic & Pneumatic Powered Equipment

27 Use of Step Ladders

27 Use of Step Ladders

28 Use of Mobile Scaffold Towers

28 Use of Mobile Scaffold Towers

29 Use of Staging Systems

29 Use of Staging Systems

30 Use of Access Scaffolding

 Careful inspection of ground condition before erection.

30 Use of Access Scaffolding

31 Use of Genie Lift

 Team lifting onto genie lift

31 Use of Genie Lift

32 Use of Forklift Truck / Telehandler

Operatives – potential  Provision of suitable non-slip footwear

32 Use of Forklift Truck / Telehandler

Operatives, Other workers