10/11/2023

ME1304: ENGINEERING DRAWING

MANUAL DRAWING

LESSON 04
INTERSECTION OF SOLIDS

NILANI PATHINAYAKE
DEPT. OF MECHANICAL AND MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING

INTERSECTION OF SOLIDS
• When one solid penetrates another solid then their surfaces intersect
and at the junction of intersection a typical curve is formed, which
remains common to both solids.
• This curve is called curve of intersection and it is a result of
interpenetration of solids.
• Purpose of drawing these curves
• When two objects are to be joined together maximum surface contact
between both becomes a basic requirement for strongest & leak-proof joint.
• Curves of Intersections being common to both Intersecting solids,
shows exact & maximum surface contact of both solids.

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Intersection of two cylinders

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Intersection of a sphere and a cylinder

Sphere standing and cylinder penetrating

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Intersection of a sphere and a cone

Cone standing and sphere penetrating

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Intersection of a cylinder and a sq. prism

Cylinder standing and sq. prism penetrating

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Intersection of two sq. prisms

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Cone standing and Cylinder standing and

cylinder penetrating cone penetrating

Intersection of a cone and a cylinder

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Where we can find intersection of surfaces in real world

Smoke
stacks

Ducts Boilers Pipe

joints

• Usually, these objects are fabricated using sheet

metals.
Machine • It requires to develop the intersections of surfaces
castings of the joints in these objects with aid of
orthographic drawings.

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ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTION

First Angle
Projection

Symbol:

Third Angle
Projection

Symbol:

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Ex.1 : Intersection of two cylinders

∅60 mm Step 1:
Draw the plan (top view)

∅40
and front view of the
cylinders.

FRONT VIEW

∅40 mm

PLAN

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Step 2:
Draw the side view of the
arrangement following the
given projection type (First
angle/ Third angel).

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Step 3:
• Divide the circle in the right side
view into number of equal parts say
12.

• The generators of the horizontal

cylinder are numbered in both front
view and plan as shown.

• Mark point m1, where the generator

through 1 in the plan meets the circle
in the plan of the vertical cylinder.
Similarly mark m2,···,mI2.

• Project 1 to m1 on the front view

(m1’). Similarly project all the points
m2’,…, m7’.

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Step 4:
• Draw a smooth curve through
m1’ to m7’.

• This curve is the intersection

curve at the front. The curve at
the rear coincides with the
corresponding visible curve at the
front.

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Ex.2 : Intersection of two prisms

A square prism of base side 60 mm Step 1:

rests on one of its ends on the HP
Draw the plan (top view), front view and side view of the prisms in the
with the base sides equally inclined
given position.
to the VP. It is penetrated fully by
another square prism of base side 45
mm with the base side equally
inclined to the HP. The axes intersect
at right angles. The axis of the
penetrating prism is parallel to both
the HP and the VP. Draw the
projections of the prisms and show
the lines of intersection.

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Step 2:
• Locate the points of intersection of the
penetrating prism with the surfaces of the
vertical prism in the top view by inspection.

• Here, the edges 2-21' of the horizontal

prism intersects the edge point of the
vertical prism at m2 in the top view. n4
corresponds to the edge 4-41, and the
immediately below m2, ml and ~ relate to I-
II' and 3-31 respectively. Similarly locate
points n1, n2, n3 and n4.

• Project ml onto I’ –I’I in the front view as

m’1. Similarly project all other points. m’3
coincides with m’1 and n’3 coincides with
n’1.

• Join m’2 m’1 and m’1 m’4 by straight lines.

Join n’2 n’1 and n’1 n’4 also by straight lines.

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Ex.3 : Intersection of a cylinder and a cone

(Cone standing and cylinder penetrating)

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Ex.4 : Intersection of a cylinder and a cone

(Cylinder standing and cone penetrating)
∅80 mm

100 mm ∅80 mm

FRONT VIEW

120 mm
PLAN

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Ex.5 : Intersection of a sphere and a cone

(Cone standing and sphere penetrating)

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Ex.6 : Intersection of a cylinder and a triangular prism

(Cylinder standing and prism penetrating)

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Ex.7 : Intersection of a cone and a sq. prism

(Cone standing and prism penetrating )

100 mm

90 mm

R35 mm

40 mm

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