MULTISTAGE AMPLIFIER MCQs

1. **What is a cascaded amplifier?**

- A) An amplifier with multiple stages connected in series
- B) An amplifier with a single stage
- C) An amplifier with stages connected in parallel
- D) An amplifier with negative feedback

**Answer:** A

2. **Why are amplifiers cascaded?**

- A) To increase input impedance
- B) To increase voltage gain
- C) To decrease power consumption
- D) To increase frequency response

**Answer:** B

3. **What is the overall gain of a cascaded amplifier with stage gains A1, A2, and A3?**
- A) A1 + A2 + A3
- B) A1 - A2 - A3
- C) A1 * A2 * A3
- D) A1 / (A2 * A3)

**Answer:** C

4. **If each stage of a cascaded amplifier has a gain of 10, what is the total gain for three stages?**
- A) 10
- B) 30
- C) 100
- D) 1000

**Answer:** D

5. **What is the effect of cascading amplifiers on bandwidth?**

- A) Increases bandwidth
- B) Decreases bandwidth
- C) No effect on bandwidth
- D) Bandwidth becomes infinite

**Answer:** B

6. **Which component is often used to couple stages in a cascaded amplifier?**

- A) Resistor
- B) Inductor
- C) Capacitor
- D) Transformer

**Answer:** C

7. **What is the typical configuration of a two-stage cascaded amplifier?**

- A) Common-emitter followed by common-collector
- B) Common-base followed by common-emitter
- C) Common-emitter followed by common-emitter
- D) Common-collector followed by common-emitter
 **Answer:** C

8. **How does the noise level change with cascading stages in an amplifier?**
- A) Noise decreases
- B) Noise remains the same
- C) Noise increases
- D) Noise is eliminated

**Answer:** C

9. **What is the advantage of using negative feedback in a cascaded amplifier?**

- A) Increase in gain
- B) Decrease in bandwidth
- C) Stabilization of gain
- D) Increase in distortion

**Answer:** C

10. **Which parameter is primarily affected by cascading more amplifier stages?**

- A) Input impedance
- B) Output impedance
- C) Gain
- D) Noise figure

**Answer:** C

11. **In a cascaded amplifier, if one stage has a gain of 5 and the next stage has a gain of 10, what is
the overall gain?**
- A) 15
- B) 50
- C) 5
- D) 10

**Answer:** B

12. **What does the term "loading effect" refer to in cascaded amplifiers?**
- A) Increase in power consumption
- B) Decrease in voltage gain due to interaction between stages
- C) Increase in noise levels
- D) Stability issues in the amplifier

**Answer:** B

13. **Which type of coupling is most commonly used in audio frequency amplifiers?**
- A) Capacitive coupling
- B) Inductive coupling
- C) Direct coupling
- D) Optical coupling

**Answer:** A

14. **What is the main disadvantage of direct coupling in cascaded amplifiers?**

- A) High cost
- B) Reduced bandwidth
- C) DC drift and instability
- D) Increased noise
 **Answer:** C

15. **What happens to the input impedance of the overall amplifier when stages are cascaded?**
- A) Increases
- B) Decreases
- C) Remains the same
- D) Becomes infinite

**Answer:** B

16. **What is a common use of cascaded amplifiers in electronic circuits?**

- A) Signal attenuation
- B) Signal amplification
- C) Signal modulation
- D) Signal filtering

**Answer:** B

17. **Which amplifier configuration typically has the highest voltage gain when cascaded?**
- A) Common-collector
- B) Common-emitter
- C) Common-base
- D) Differential amplifier

**Answer:** B

18. **How does cascading affect the phase shift in an amplifier circuit?**
- A) Phase shift remains constant
- B) Phase shift increases
- C) Phase shift decreases
- D) Phase shift becomes zero

**Answer:** B

19. **Which of the following is NOT a characteristic affected by cascading amplifier stages?**
- A) Total gain
- B) Bandwidth
- C) Output impedance
- D) Power supply voltage

**Answer:** D

20. **What type of feedback is used to improve the stability of a cascaded amplifier?**
- A) Positive feedback
- B) Negative feedback
- C) Neutral feedback
- D) No feedback

**Answer:** B

21. **What is the role of bypass capacitors in cascaded amplifiers?**

- A) Increase DC voltage
- B) Block AC signals
- C) Reduce noise
- D) Maintain AC signal gain

**Answer:** D
22. **In a cascaded amplifier, what is the purpose of the emitter follower stage?**
- A) Increase voltage gain
- B) Decrease input impedance
- C) Increase current gain
- D) Decrease output impedance

**Answer:** D

23. **What is the typical impact of cascading stages on the output signal distortion?**
- A) Decreases distortion
- B) Increases distortion
- C) No impact on distortion
- D) Eliminates distortion

**Answer:** B

24. **Which parameter is most likely to cause instability in a cascaded amplifier?**

- A) High input impedance
- B) High gain
- C) Low output impedance
- D) Low noise figure

**Answer:** B

25. **How is the overall frequency response of a cascaded amplifier determined?**

- A) By the sum of individual stages' frequency responses
- B) By the product of individual stages' frequency responses
- C) By the worst-performing stage
- D) By the best-performing stage

**Answer:** C

26. **What is the function of a decoupling capacitor in a cascaded amplifier?**

- A) Pass AC signals between stages
- B) Stabilize the DC operating point
- C) Block AC signals
- D) Increase signal gain

**Answer:** B

27. **Which stage configuration is best suited for high-frequency amplification in cascaded
amplifiers?**
- A) Common-emitter
- B) Common-base
- C) Common-collector
- D) Differential pair

**Answer:** B

28. **What is the effect of cascading amplifiers on input signal sensitivity?**

- A) Decreases sensitivity
- B) Increases sensitivity
- C) No effect on sensitivity
- D) Sensitivity becomes infinite

**Answer:** B
29. **Why is impedance matching important in cascaded amplifiers?**
- A) To increase power consumption
- B) To maximize power transfer and minimize reflections
- C) To decrease signal gain
- D) To reduce bandwidth

**Answer:** B

30. **What is the main benefit of using an emitter follower as the last stage in a cascaded
amplifier?**
- A) High voltage gain
- B) High input impedance
- C) Low output impedance
- D) Low noise figure

**Answer:** C

31. **What is a typical application of cascaded amplifiers in communication systems?**

- A) Signal modulation
- B) Signal demodulation
- C) Signal amplification
- D) Signal attenuation

**Answer:** C

32. **What is the impact of cascading amplifiers on phase margin?**

- A) Increases phase margin
- B) Decreases phase margin
- C) No impact on phase margin
- D) Phase margin becomes infinite

**Answer:** B

33. **Which of the following can cause oscillations in a cascaded amplifier?**

- A) Proper impedance matching
- B) Excessive gain
- C) Low power supply voltage
- D) High bandwidth

**Answer:** B

34. **What is the primary challenge in designing cascaded amplifiers for high-frequency
applications?**
- A) Managing power consumption
- B) Ensuring thermal stability
- C) Maintaining high gain
- D) Controlling parasitic capacitances

**Answer:** D

35. **In a cascaded amplifier, what is the purpose of using a common-base stage

after a common-emitter stage?**

- A) Increase input impedance
- B) Increase voltage gain
- C) Improve high-frequency response
 - D) Decrease output impedance

**Answer:** C

36. **What type of coupling is typically used to pass both AC and DC signals between stages?**
- A) Capacitive coupling
- B) Inductive coupling
- C) Direct coupling
- D) Optical coupling

**Answer:** C

37. **How does the gain-bandwidth product change with cascading stages in an amplifier?**
- A) Increases
- B) Decreases
- C) Remains the same
- D) Becomes infinite

**Answer:** B

38. **What is the main effect of interstage matching in cascaded amplifiers?**

- A) Increased gain
- B) Increased noise
- C) Reduced distortion
- D) Improved power transfer

**Answer:** D

39. **Which of the following configurations is least likely to be used in the first stage of a cascaded
amplifier?**
- A) Common-emitter
- B) Common-collector
- C) Common-base
- D) Differential pair

**Answer:** B

40. **What is the primary purpose of a differential amplifier stage in a cascaded amplifier?**
- A) Increase voltage gain
- B) Improve common-mode rejection
- C) Decrease output impedance
- D) Increase input impedance

**Answer:** B

41. **How does cascading affect the dynamic range of an amplifier?**

- A) Increases dynamic range
- B) Decreases dynamic range
- C) No effect on dynamic range
- D) Dynamic range becomes infinite

**Answer:** B

42. **What is the typical use of a buffer stage in a cascaded amplifier?**

- A) Increase voltage gain
- B) Decrease noise figure
- C) Prevent loading effects
 - D) Increase output impedance

**Answer:** C

43. **What is the primary disadvantage of capacitive coupling in cascaded amplifiers?**

- A) Increased noise
- B) Decreased gain
- C) Limited low-frequency response
- D) DC offset issues

**Answer:** C

44. **In a cascaded amplifier, what is the primary purpose of using an active load?**
- A) Increase voltage gain
- B) Decrease noise
- C) Increase input impedance
- D) Improve linearity

**Answer:** A

45. **Which stage in a cascaded amplifier typically has the highest power dissipation?**
- A) First stage
- B) Middle stage
- C) Last stage
- D) All stages have equal power dissipation

**Answer:** C

46. **What is the main reason for using an emitter follower stage between high-gain stages?**
- A) Increase overall gain
- B) Reduce interstage loading
- C) Improve phase response
- D) Increase bandwidth

**Answer:** B

47. **How does the stability of a cascaded amplifier change with the addition of more stages?**
- A) Stability increases
- B) Stability decreases
- C) Stability remains the same
- D) Stability becomes infinite

**Answer:** B

48. **What is the primary role of a voltage regulator in a cascaded amplifier circuit?**
- A) Increase signal gain
- B) Provide a stable power supply
- C) Reduce noise
- D) Improve bandwidth

**Answer:** B

49. **Which type of distortion is most likely to increase in a cascaded amplifier?**

- A) Harmonic distortion
- B) Intermodulation distortion
- C) Phase distortion
- D) Amplitude distortion
 **Answer:** A

50. **What is the impact of cascading amplifiers on the input signal-to-noise ratio?**
- A) Increases signal-to-noise ratio
- B) Decreases signal-to-noise ratio
- C) No effect on signal-to-noise ratio
- D) Signal-to-noise ratio becomes infinite

**Answer:** B

51. **What type of coupling is least affected by temperature variations?**

- A) Capacitive coupling
- B) Inductive coupling
- C) Direct coupling
- D) Optical coupling

**Answer:** C

52. **What is the primary benefit of using a differential stage in the input of a cascaded amplifier?**
- A) High gain
- B) Low noise
- C) Common-mode noise rejection
- D) Low power consumption

**Answer:** C

53. **How does the overall gain change if one stage in a cascaded amplifier is bypassed?**
- A) Overall gain increases
- B) Overall gain decreases
- C) Overall gain remains the same
- D) Overall gain becomes infinite

**Answer:** B

54. **Which of the following is a common method to stabilize a cascaded amplifier?**

- A) Increase the number of stages
- B) Add positive feedback
- C) Use bypass capacitors
- D) Add negative feedback

**Answer:** D

55. **What type of noise is most commonly encountered in cascaded amplifiers?**

- A) Thermal noise
- B) Shot noise
- C) Flicker noise
- D) Quantization noise

**Answer:** A

56. **In a cascaded amplifier, what is the purpose of an interstage matching network?**
- A) Increase gain
- B) Decrease noise
- C) Match impedance between stages
- D) Reduce power consumption
 **Answer:** C

57. **What is the effect of cascading on the overall input impedance of an amplifier?**
- A) Increases input impedance
- B) Decreases input impedance
- C) No effect on input impedance
- D) Input impedance becomes infinite

**Answer:** B

58. **Which configuration is often used as the first stage in a high-impedance signal source
amplifier?**
- A) Common-emitter
- B) Common-collector
- C) Common-base
- D) Differential pair

**Answer:** B

59. **What is the main challenge when designing cascaded amplifiers for low-frequency
applications?**
- A) Managing power consumption
- B) Ensuring thermal stability
- C) Maintaining high gain
- D) Avoiding low-frequency roll-off

**Answer:** D

60. **Which type of coupling can introduce phase shift issues in cascaded amplifiers?**
- A) Capacitive coupling
- B) Inductive coupling
- C) Direct coupling
- D) Optical coupling

**Answer:** A

61. **How does cascading affect the power gain of an amplifier?**

- A) Power gain increases
- B) Power gain decreases
- C) No effect on power gain
- D) Power gain becomes zero

**Answer:** A

62. **What is the role of the base bias resistor in a cascaded amplifier stage?**
- A) Increase gain
- B) Provide stability
- C) Reduce noise
- D) Set operating point

**Answer:** D

63. **In a cascaded amplifier, what is the benefit of using a low-noise amplifier (LNA) as the first
stage?**
- A) Increase overall gain
- B) Reduce overall noise figure
- C) Increase output impedance
 - D) Improve linearity

**Answer:** B

64. **What is a common way to achieve higher overall gain in cascaded amplifiers?**
- A) Increase power supply voltage
- B) Increase number of stages
- C) Decrease load resistance
- D) Decrease input impedance

**Answer:** B

65. **Which type of amplifier is often used in the final stage of a cascaded amplifier to drive a low-
impedance load?**
- A) Common-emitter
- B) Common-collector
- C) Common-base
- D) Differential pair

**Answer:** B

66. **What is the primary consideration when designing cascaded amplifiers for RF applications?**
- A) Power consumption
- B) Gain stability
- C) Linearity
- D) Bandwidth

**Answer:** D

67. **What is the main disadvantage of using inductive coupling in cascaded amplifiers?**
- A) High cost
- B) Complex design
- C) Limited high-frequency response
- D) Increased noise

**Answer:** B

68. **How does cascading affect the overall voltage gain of an amplifier?**
- A) Voltage gain increases
- B) Voltage gain decreases
- C) No effect on voltage gain
- D) Voltage gain becomes zero

**Answer:** A

69. **What is the typical impact of cascading stages on the linearity of an amplifier?**
- A) Increases linearity
- B) Decreases linearity
- C) No effect on linearity
- D) Linearity becomes perfect

**Answer:** B

70. **Which configuration is least likely to be affected by parasitic capacitances in high-frequency

cascaded amplifiers?**
 - A) Common-emitter
- B) Common-collector
- C) Common-base
- D) Differential pair

**Answer:** C

71. **What is the role of an active load in a cascaded amplifier stage?**

- A) Increase voltage gain
- B) Decrease noise
- C) Increase input impedance
- D) Improve stability

**Answer:** A

72. **What is the effect of cascading amplifiers on the output signal-to-noise ratio?**
- A) Increases signal-to-noise ratio
- B) Decreases signal-to-noise ratio
- C) No effect on signal-to-noise ratio
- D) Signal-to-noise ratio becomes infinite

**Answer:** B

73. **Which type of coupling is preferred for low-frequency applications in cascaded amplifiers?**
- A) Capacitive coupling
- B) Inductive coupling
- C) Direct coupling
- D) Optical coupling

**Answer:** C

74. **What is the purpose of using a cascode configuration in cascaded amplifiers?**

- A) Increase gain
- B) Improve bandwidth and stability
- C) Decrease power consumption
- D) Increase noise

**Answer:** B

75. **Which type of feedback is commonly used to enhance the performance of cascaded
amplifiers?**
- A) Positive feedback
- B) Negative feedback
- C) Neutral feedback
- D) No feedback

**Answer:** B

76. **What is the primary advantage of using a differential amplifier stage in cascaded amplifiers?**
- A) High gain
- B) Low noise
- C) Common-mode noise rejection
- D) High input impedance

**Answer:** C

77. **How does cascading amplifiers affect the overall power consumption?**
 - A) Increases power consumption
- B) Decreases power consumption
- C) No effect on power consumption
- D) Power consumption becomes zero

**Answer:** A

78. **What is the purpose of using a common-collector stage in a cascaded amplifier?**

- A) Increase voltage gain
- B) Decrease input impedance
- C) Increase current gain
- D) Decrease output impedance

**Answer:** D

79. **How does cascading stages in an amplifier affect the overall bandwidth?**
- A) Increases bandwidth
- B) Decreases bandwidth
- C) No effect on bandwidth
- D) Bandwidth becomes infinite

**Answer:** B

80. **What is the primary function of a decoupling capacitor in a cascaded amplifier?**

- A) Increase DC voltage
- B) Block AC signals
- C) Maintain AC signal gain
- D) Stabilize the DC operating point

**Answer:** D

81. **What is the main benefit of using an emitter follower as the first stage in a cascaded
amplifier?**
- A) High voltage gain
- B) Low input impedance
- C) High current gain
- D) Low noise

**Answer:** C

82. **What type of noise is typically minimized by using a low-noise amplifier (LNA) as the first stage
in a cascaded amplifier?**
- A) Thermal noise
- B) Shot noise
- C) Flicker noise
- D) Quantization noise

**Answer:** A

83. **What is the effect of cascading on the phase margin of an amplifier?**

- A) Increases phase margin
- B) Decreases phase margin
- C) No effect on phase margin
- D) Phase margin becomes infinite

**Answer:** B
84. **Which type of distortion is most likely to be increased by cascading amplifiers?**
- A) Harmonic distortion
- B) Intermodulation distortion
- C) Phase distortion
- D) Amplitude distortion

**Answer:** A

85. **What is the primary function of an emitter follower stage in a cascaded amplifier?**
- A) Increase voltage gain
- B) Decrease input impedance
- C) Increase current gain
- D) Decrease output impedance

**Answer:** D

86. **What is the effect of cascading on the overall input impedance of an amplifier?**
- A) Increases input impedance
- B) Decreases input impedance
- C) No effect on input impedance
- D) Input impedance becomes infinite

**Answer:** B

87. **Which type of coupling is most effective for high-frequency applications in cascaded
amplifiers?**
- A) Capacitive coupling
- B) Inductive coupling
- C) Direct coupling
- D) Optical coupling

**Answer:** B

88. **What is the primary challenge when designing cascaded amplifiers for RF applications?**
- A) Managing power consumption
- B) Ensuring thermal stability
- C) Maintaining high gain
- D) Controlling parasitic capacitances

**Answer:** D

89. **What is the impact of cascading amplifiers on output signal distortion?**

- A) Decreases distortion
- B) Increases distortion
- C) No impact on distortion
- D) Eliminates distortion

**Answer:** B

90. **What type of feedback is used to improve the stability of a cascaded amplifier?**
- A) Positive feedback
- B) Negative feedback
- C) Neutral feedback
- D) No feedback

**Answer:** B
91. **What is the main advantage of using an emitter follower stage in a cascaded amplifier?**
- A) High voltage gain
- B) Low noise
- C) Low output impedance
- D) High input impedance

**Answer:** C

92. **How does cascading affect the overall frequency response of an amplifier?**
- A) Increases frequency response
- B) Decreases frequency response
- C) No effect on frequency response
- D) Frequency response becomes infinite

**Answer:** B

93. **What is the primary function of a bypass capacitor in a cascaded amplifier stage?**
- A) Pass AC signals
- B) Stabilize DC voltage
- C) Reduce noise
- D) Increase signal gain

**Answer:** A

94. **What is the main benefit of using a differential amplifier stage in a cascaded amplifier?**
- A) High gain
- B) Low noise
- C) Common-mode noise rejection
- D) High input impedance

**Answer:** C

95. **How does cascading amplifiers affect the dynamic range?**

- A) Increases dynamic range
- B) Decreases dynamic range
- C) No effect on dynamic range
- D) Dynamic range becomes infinite

**Answer:** B

96. **What is the purpose of using an active load in a cascaded amplifier stage?**
- A) Increase voltage gain
- B) Decrease noise
- C) Increase input impedance
- D) Improve stability

**Answer:** A

97. **Which type of coupling is least suitable for low-frequency applications in cascaded
amplifiers?**
- A) Capacitive coupling
- B) Inductive coupling
- C) Direct coupling
- D) Optical coupling

**Answer:** A
98. **What is the effect of cascading amplifiers on the input signal-to-noise ratio?**
- A) Increases signal-to-noise ratio
- B) Decreases signal-to-noise ratio
- C) No effect on signal-to-noise ratio
- D) Signal-to-noise ratio becomes infinite

**Answer:** B

99. **Which stage configuration is most likely to be used as the final stage in a cascaded amplifier?**
- A) Common-emitter
- B) Common-collector
- C) Common-base
- D) Differential pair

**Answer:** B

100. **How does cascading stages in an amplifier affect the overall phase shift?**
- A) Increases phase shift
- B) Decreases phase shift
- C) No effect on phase shift
- D) Phase shift becomes zero

**Answer:** A

101. **What is the primary role of a buffer stage in a cascaded amplifier?**

- A) Increase voltage gain
- B) Decrease noise figure
- C) Prevent loading effects
- D) Increase output impedance

**Answer:** C

102. **What type of distortion is most commonly encountered in cascaded amplifiers?**

- A) Harmonic distortion
- B) Intermodulation distortion
- C) Phase distortion
- D) Amplitude distortion

**Answer:** A

103. **What is the main benefit of using an emitter follower as the last stage in a cascaded
amplifier?**
- A) High voltage gain
- B) High input impedance
- C) Low output impedance
- D) Low noise figure

**Answer:** C

104. **What is the primary function of a voltage

regulator in a cascaded amplifier circuit?**

- A) Increase signal gain
- B) Provide a stable power supply
- C) Reduce noise
- D) Improve bandwidth
 **Answer:** B

105. **How does cascading amplifiers affect the overall output impedance?**
- A) Increases output impedance
- B) Decreases output impedance
- C) No effect on output impedance
- D) Output impedance becomes infinite

**Answer:** A

106. **Which type of coupling is most commonly used in high-frequency cascaded amplifiers?**
- A) Capacitive coupling
- B) Inductive coupling
- C) Direct coupling
- D) Optical coupling

**Answer:** A

107. **What is the primary consideration when designing cascaded amplifiers for audio
applications?**
- A) Power consumption
- B) Gain stability
- C) Linearity
- D) Bandwidth

**Answer:** C

108. **What is the effect of cascading amplifiers on the overall power gain?**
- A) Increases power gain
- B) Decreases power gain
- C) No effect on power gain
- D) Power gain becomes zero

**Answer:** A

109. **What type of feedback is used to improve linearity in cascaded amplifiers?**

- A) Positive feedback
- B) Negative feedback
- C) Neutral feedback
- D) No feedback

**Answer:** B

110. **Which stage in a cascaded amplifier typically has the highest power dissipation?**
- A) First stage
- B) Middle stage
- C) Last stage
- D) All stages have equal power dissipation

**Answer:** C

111. **What is the main disadvantage of using inductive coupling in cascaded amplifiers?**
- A) High cost
- B) Complex design
- C) Limited high-frequency response
- D) Increased noise
 **Answer:** B

112. **How does cascading affect the overall voltage gain of an amplifier?**
- A) Voltage gain increases
- B) Voltage gain decreases
- C) No effect on voltage gain
- D) Voltage gain becomes zero

**Answer:** A

113. **What is the primary benefit of using a differential stage in the input of a cascaded amplifier?**
- A) High gain
- B) Low noise
- C) Common-mode noise rejection
- D) Low power consumption

**Answer:** C

114. **What type of noise is typically minimized by using a low-noise amplifier (LNA) as the first stage
in a cascaded amplifier?**
- A) Thermal noise
- B) Shot noise
- C) Flicker noise
- D) Quantization noise

**Answer:** A

115. **What is the effect of cascading on the phase margin of an amplifier?**

- A) Increases phase margin
- B) Decreases phase margin
- C) No effect on phase margin
- D) Phase margin becomes infinite

**Answer:** B

116. **Which type of distortion is most likely to be increased by cascading amplifiers?**

- A) Harmonic distortion
- B) Intermodulation distortion
- C) Phase distortion
- D) Amplitude distortion

**Answer:** A

117. **What is the primary function of an emitter follower stage in a cascaded amplifier?**
- A) Increase voltage gain
- B) Decrease input impedance
- C) Increase current gain
- D) Decrease output impedance

**Answer:** D

118. **What is the effect of cascading on the overall input impedance of an amplifier?**
- A) Increases input impedance
- B) Decreases input impedance
- C) No effect on input impedance
- D) Input impedance becomes infinite
 **Answer:** B

119. **Which type of coupling is most effective for high-frequency applications in cascaded
amplifiers?**
- A) Capacitive coupling
- B) Inductive coupling
- C) Direct coupling
- D) Optical coupling

**Answer:** B

120. **What is the primary challenge when designing cascaded amplifiers for RF applications?**
- A) Managing power consumption
- B) Ensuring thermal stability
- C) Maintaining high gain
- D) Controlling parasitic capacitances

**Answer:** D

121. **What is the impact of cascading amplifiers on output signal distortion?**

- A) Decreases distortion
- B) Increases distortion
- C) No impact on distortion
- D) Eliminates distortion

**Answer:** B

122. **What type of feedback is used to improve the stability of a cascaded amplifier?**
- A) Positive feedback
- B) Negative feedback
- C) Neutral feedback
- D) No feedback

**Answer:** B

123. **What is the main advantage of using an emitter follower stage in a cascaded amplifier?**
- A) High voltage gain
- B) Low noise
- C) Low output impedance
- D) High input impedance

**Answer:** C

124. **How does cascading affect the overall frequency response of an amplifier?**
- A) Increases frequency response
- B) Decreases frequency response
- C) No effect on frequency response
- D) Frequency response becomes infinite

**Answer:** B

125. **What is the primary function of a bypass capacitor in a cascaded amplifier stage?**
- A) Pass AC signals
- B) Stabilize DC voltage
- C) Reduce noise
- D) Increase signal gain
**Answer:** A

126. **The typical input impedance of a Darlington amplifier is:**

- a) High
- b) Low
- c) Moderate
- d) Zero

**Answer: a) High**

127. **The saturation voltage of a Darlington transistor is generally:**

- a) Lower than a single transistor
- b) Higher than a single transistor
- c) The same as a single transistor
- d) Zero

**Answer: b) Higher than a single transistor**

128. **The overall current gain of a Darlington pair is:**

- a) The sum of the individual transistors' gains
- b) The product of the individual transistors' gains
- c) The average of the individual transistors' gains
- d) The difference of the individual transistors' gains

**Answer: b) The product of the individual transistors' gains**

129. **A Darlington pair is useful in applications requiring:**

- a) Low voltage gain
- b) High current gain
- c) High frequency gain
- d) Low input impedance

**Answer: b) High current gain**

130. **The voltage drop across the base-emitter junctions of a Darlington pair is:**
- a) 0.7V
- b) 1.4V
- c) 2.1V
- d) 2.8V

**Answer: b) 1.4V**

131. **Darlington transistors are often used in:**

- a) Low-current applications
- b) High-current applications
- c) High-frequency applications
- d) Low-voltage applications

**Answer: b) High-current applications**

132. **Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a Darlington transistor?**

- a) High current gain
- b) Low base-emitter voltage drop
- c) High input impedance
- d) High saturation voltage
 **Answer: b) Low base-emitter voltage drop**

133. **In a Darlington pair, the emitter of the first transistor is connected to:**
- a) The base of the second transistor
- b) The collector of the second transistor
- c) The emitter of the second transistor
- d) The collector of the first transistor

**Answer: a) The base of the second transistor**

134. **Darlington transistors are NOT typically used in:**

- a) Power amplification
- b) Signal switching
- c) Frequency modulation
- d) Voltage regulation

**Answer: c) Frequency modulation**

135. **The collector current in a Darlington pair is:**

- a) The sum of the collector currents of the individual transistors
- b) The product of the collector currents of the individual transistors
- c) Equal to the collector current of the second transistor
- d) Equal to the collector current of the first transistor

**Answer: c) Equal to the collector current of the second transistor**

136. **A primary limitation of Darlington transistors is:**

- a) Low current gain
- b) High power dissipation
- c) High base-emitter voltage drop
- d) Low input impedance

**Answer: c) High base-emitter voltage drop**

137. **Which type of circuit commonly uses Darlington transistors?**

- a) Oscillator circuits
- b) Switching circuits
- c) Filter circuits
- d) Mixer circuits

**Answer: b) Switching circuits**

138. **The overall gain of a Darlington pair is the product of the gains of:**
- a) The individual transistors
- b) The individual resistors
- c) The individual capacitors
- d) None of the above

**Answer: a) The individual transistors**

139. **What is the typical base-emitter voltage drop of a Darlington transistor pair?**
- a) 0.7V
- b) 1.4V
- c) 2.1V
- d) 2.8V

**Answer: b) 1.4V**
140. **In a Darlington configuration, the base of the first transistor is typically connected to:**
- a) The input signal
- b) The output signal
- c) Ground
- d) The power supply

**Answer: a) The input signal**

141. **The current gain of a Darlington pair compared to a single transistor is:**
- a) Lower
- b) Higher
- c) The same
- d) Unpredictable

**Answer: b) Higher**

142. **Which component can be added to a Darlington pair to improve thermal stability?**
- a) Resistor
- b) Capacitor
- c) Diode
- d) Inductor

**Answer: c) Diode**

143. **A typical disadvantage of using a Darlington pair in a circuit is:**

- a) High noise
- b) High base-emitter voltage drop
- c) Low current gain
- d) Low input impedance

**Answer: b) High base-emitter voltage drop**

144. **Which of the following is true about the Darlington pair?**

- a) It has low input impedance
- b) It has high output impedance
- c) It has high input impedance
- d) It has low current gain

**Answer: c) It has high input impedance**

145. **The voltage drop across the base-emitter junctions in a Darlington pair is typically:**
- a) 0.7V
- b) 1.4V
- c) 2.1V
- d) 2.8V

**Answer: b) 1.4V**

146. **Which characteristic of Darlington pairs makes them useful for switching high currents?**
- a) High voltage gain
- b) High current gain
- c) Low input impedance
- d) High output impedance

**Answer: b) High current gain**

 147. **Darlington transistors are primarily used for:**
- a) Signal modulation
- b) Power switching
- c) Noise reduction
- d) Frequency multiplication

**Answer: b) Power switching**

148. **The overall gain of a Darlington pair is:**

- a) The sum of the individual gains
- b) The product of the individual gains
- c) The average of the individual gains
- d) None of the above

**Answer: b) The product of the individual gains**

149. **The current gain of a Darlington transistor is approximately the product of the current gains
of:**
- a) The individual transistors
- b) The individual resistors
- c) The individual capacitors
- d) None of the above

**Answer: a) The individual transistors**

150. **Darlington transistors are ideal for applications requiring:**

- a) Low current gain
- b) High current gain
- c) High voltage gain
- d) Low voltage gain

**Answer: b) High current gain**

151. **The main limitation of a Darlington pair is:**

- a) Low current gain
- b) High base-emitter voltage drop
- c) Low output impedance
- d) High input impedance

**Answer: b) High base-emitter voltage drop**

152. **Which of the following is a common characteristic of Darlington pairs?**

- a) High noise figure
- b) Low noise figure
- c) High input impedance
- d) Low output impedance

**Answer: c) High input impedance**

153. **The output stage of a Darlington amplifier typically consists of:**

- a) A single transistor
- b) Two transistors in cascade
- c) Two transistors in parallel
- d) A transistor and a resistor

**Answer: b) Two transistors in cascade**

154. **In a Darlington pair, the base-emitter voltage drop is typically:**
- a) 0.7V
- b) 1.4V
- c) 2.1V
- d) 2.8V

**Answer: b) 1.4V**

155. **The voltage gain of a Darlington amplifier is:**

- a) Very high
- b) Very low
- c) Moderate
- d) Zero

**Answer: b) Very low**

156. **The base-emitter voltage of a Darlington pair is higher because:**

- a) There are two base-emitter junctions
- b) The current gain is high
- c) The input impedance is low
- d) The output impedance is high

**Answer: a) There are two base-emitter junctions**

157. **The input impedance of a Darlington pair is:**

- a) Very high
- b) Very low
- c) Moderate
- d) Zero

**Answer:

a) Very high**

158. **Darlington transistors are often used in:**

- a) Low-frequency applications
- b) High-frequency applications
- c) Both low and high-frequency applications
- d) Neither low nor high-frequency applications

**Answer: a) Low-frequency applications**

159. **Which of the following best describes the current gain of a Darlington pair?**
- a) The sum of the individual gains
- b) The product of the individual gains
- c) The difference of the individual gains
- d) The average of the individual gains

**Answer: b) The product of the individual gains**

160. **The typical voltage drop across the base-emitter junctions in a Darlington pair is:**
- a) 0.7V
- b) 1.4V
- c) 2.1V
- d) 2.8V

**Answer: b) 1.4V**
161. **The current gain of a Darlington pair is the product of:**
- a) The voltage gains of the transistors
- b) The power gains of the transistors
- c) The current gains of the transistors
- d) The frequency responses of the transistors

**Answer: c) The current gains of the transistors**

162. **Darlington transistors are often found in:**

- a) Digital logic circuits
- b) High-frequency circuits
- c) Low-power circuits
- d) High-power circuits

**Answer: d) High-power circuits**

163. **In a Darlington pair, the emitter of the first transistor is connected to:**
- a) The base of the second transistor
- b) The collector of the second transistor
- c) The emitter of the second transistor
- d) The collector of the first transistor

**Answer: a) The base of the second transistor**

164. **Which of the following is true about Darlington pairs?**

- a) They have low current gain
- b) They have high input impedance
- c) They have low input impedance
- d) They have low voltage gain

**Answer: b) They have high input impedance**

165. **Which characteristic of Darlington pairs makes them useful for switching high currents?**
- a) High voltage gain
- b) High current gain
- c) Low input impedance
- d) High output impedance

**Answer: b) High current gain**

166. **The typical voltage drop across the base-emitter junction of a Darlington pair is:**
- a) 0.7V
- b) 1.4V
- c) 2.1V
- d) 2.8V

**Answer: b) 1.4V**

167. **The input impedance of a Darlington amplifier is:**

- a) Very high
- b) Very low
- c) Moderate
- d) Zero

**Answer: a) Very high**

168. **The overall current gain in a Darlington pair is:**
- a) The sum of the individual gains
- b) The product of the individual gains
- c) The difference of the individual gains
- d) The average of the individual gains

**Answer: b) The product of the individual gains**

169. **The main advantage of using a Darlington pair in an amplifier circuit is:**
- a) High voltage gain
- b) High current gain
- c) Low power dissipation
- d) High frequency response

**Answer: b) High current gain**

170. **Darlington transistors are primarily used for:**

- a) Signal modulation
- b) Power switching
- c) Noise reduction
- d) Frequency multiplication

**Answer: b) Power switching**

171. **The base-emitter voltage drop of a Darlington transistor pair is typically:**

- a) 0.7V
- b) 1.4V
- c) 2.1V
- d) 2.8V

**Answer: b) 1.4V**

172. **A Darlington transistor pair consists of:**

- a) Two NPN transistors
- b) Two PNP transistors
- c) One NPN and one PNP transistor
- d) Either two NPN or two PNP transistors

**Answer: d) Either two NPN or two PNP transistors**

173. **The current gain of a Darlington pair compared to a single transistor is:**
- a) Lower
- b) Higher
- c) The same
- d) Unpredictable

**Answer: b) Higher**

174. **Which of the following is true about the base-emitter voltage drop in a Darlington pair?**
- a) It is lower than a single transistor
- b) It is higher than a single transistor
- c) It is the same as a single transistor
- d) It varies with the load current

**Answer: b) It is higher than a single transistor**

175. **The main advantage of using a Darlington pair is:**

 - a) High voltage gain
- b) High current gain
- c) Low input impedance
- d) High output impedance

**Answer: b) High current gain**

176. **Which of the following applications would typically use a Darlington transistor?**
- a) High-frequency oscillators
- b) Low-frequency power amplifiers
- c) Digital signal processors
- d) Analog signal modulators

**Answer: b) Low-frequency power amplifiers**

177. **Darlington transistors are ideal for applications requiring:**

- a) Low current gain
- b) High current gain
- c) High voltage gain
- d) Low voltage gain

**Answer: b) High current gain**

178. **A Darlington pair is useful in applications requiring:**

- a) Low voltage gain
- b) High current gain
- c) High frequency gain
- d) Low input impedance

**Answer: b) High current gain**

179. **Which of the following best describes the current gain of a Darlington pair?**
- a) The sum of the individual gains
- b) The product of the individual gains
- c) The difference of the individual gains
- d) The average of the individual gains

**Answer: b) The product of the individual gains**

180. **Darlington pairs are most commonly used in circuits requiring:**

- a) Low voltage gain
- b) High current gain
- c) Low input impedance
- d) High output impedance

**Answer: b) High current gain**

181. **What is the primary advantage of using multi-stage amplifiers?**

- a) Reduced power consumption
- b) Increased overall gain
- c) Simplified design
- d) Lower noise levels

**Answer: b) Increased overall gain**

182. **In a multi-stage amplifier, what is the purpose of coupling capacitors between stages?**
- a) To block AC signals
 - b) To block DC signals
- c) To increase voltage gain
- d) To increase current gain

**Answer: b) To block DC signals**

183. **What type of multi-stage amplifier configuration is commonly used to achieve high input
and output impedance?**
- a) Common-emitter followed by common-emitter
- b) Common-emitter followed by common-collector
- c) Common-collector followed by common-emitter
- d) Common-base followed by common-base

**Answer: b) Common-emitter followed by common-collector**

184. **In a multi-stage amplifier, which stage is typically responsible for providing the most voltage
gain?**
- a) The first stage
- b) The intermediate stage
- c) The final stage
- d) All stages equally contribute

**Answer: a) The first stage**

185. **Which of the following is a disadvantage of multi-stage amplifiers?**

- a) Increased bandwidth
- b) Increased complexity
- c) Decreased gain
- d) Reduced impedance

**Answer: b) Increased complexity**

186. **In a multi-stage amplifier, the overall voltage gain is:**

- a) The sum of the individual stage gains
- b) The product of the individual stage gains
- c) The average of the individual stage gains
- d) The difference between the individual stage gains

**Answer: b) The product of the individual stage gains**

187. **Which coupling method is typically used in multi-stage amplifiers to prevent signal
distortion?**
- a) Direct coupling
- b) Capacitive coupling
- c) Transformer coupling
- d) Inductive coupling

**Answer: b) Capacitive coupling**

188. **What is the primary purpose of the final stage in a multi-stage amplifier?**
- a) Voltage amplification
- b) Impedance matching
- c) Current amplification
- d) Signal filtering

**Answer: b) Impedance matching**

 189. **In a multi-stage amplifier, why is the common-emitter configuration often used in the first
stage?**
- a) To achieve high input impedance
- b) To achieve high voltage gain
- c) To achieve high current gain
- d) To achieve low output impedance

**Answer: b) To achieve high voltage gain**

190. **Which type of distortion is reduced by using multi-stage amplifiers?**

- a) Harmonic distortion
- b) Intermodulation distortion
- c) Phase distortion
- d) All of the above

**Answer: d) All of the above**

191. **In a multi-stage amplifier, the intermediate stages are typically designed to:**
- a) Maximize power output
- b) Maintain signal integrity
- c) Increase input impedance
- d) Decrease output impedance

**Answer: b) Maintain signal integrity**

192. **What is the main function of the emitter follower stage in a multi-stage amplifier?**
- a) Voltage amplification
- b) Current amplification
- c) Impedance matching
- d) Frequency filtering

**Answer: c) Impedance matching**

193. **Which multi-stage amplifier configuration is best suited for high-frequency applications?**
- a) Common-emitter followed by common-collector
- b) Common-base followed by common-emitter
- c) Common-emitter followed by common-base
- d) Common-collector followed by common-base

**Answer: c) Common-emitter followed by common-base**

194. **In a multi-stage amplifier, what is the primary role of the biasing network?**
- a) To amplify the signal
- b) To stabilize the operating point
- c) To filter unwanted frequencies
- d) To couple different stages

**Answer: b) To stabilize the operating point**

195. **Which stage in a multi-stage amplifier is typically used for signal conditioning?**
- a) The input stage
- b) The intermediate stage
- c) The output stage
- d) The biasing stage

**Answer: b) The intermediate stage**

 196. **In multi-stage amplifiers, the use of bypass capacitors helps to:**
- a) Increase DC gain
- b) Increase AC gain
- c) Reduce noise
- d) Decrease input impedance

**Answer: b) Increase AC gain**

197. **What type of feedback is commonly used in multi-stage amplifiers to enhance stability?**
- a) Positive feedback
- b) Negative feedback
- c) Direct feedback
- d) Neutral feedback

**Answer: b) Negative feedback**

198. **Which multi-stage amplifier configuration provides the best performance in terms of noise
reduction?**
- a) Common-emitter followed by common-emitter
- b) Common-base followed by common-collector
- c) Common-collector followed by common-emitter
- d) Common-emitter followed by common-collector

**Answer: d) Common-emitter followed by common-collector**

199. **In a multi-stage amplifier, the purpose of an inter-stage coupling capacitor is to:**
- a) Increase the DC bias
- b) Pass AC signals while blocking DC
- c) Reduce signal gain
- d) Increase the overall gain

**Answer: b) Pass AC signals while blocking DC**

200. **Which of the following is a key design consideration for multi-stage amplifiers?**
- a) Maximizing power consumption
- b) Minimizing signal distortion
- c) Reducing the number of stages
- d) Increasing the complexity of the circuit

**Answer: b) Minimizing signal distortion**