DISEÑO DE EJES - MATHCAD

DISEÑAR EL EJE

Pot ≔ 150 hp ω ≔ 150 rpm Material AISI1020 fs ≔ 2

Pot
Mtor ≔ ―― = 7.121 kN ⋅ m
ω

Mtor
FtB ≔ ――= 28.035 kN
10 in

FrB ≔ FtB ⋅ tan ((20 deg )) = 10.204 kN

Mtor
FtD ≔ ――― = 112.14 kN
2.5 in

Valores de prueba
FrD ≔ FtD ⋅ tan ((20 deg )) = 40.816 kN

RAz ≔ 1 N RCz ≔ 1 N
Solver Restricciones

RAz + FrB + RCz - FrD ＝ 0

Valores de prueba

RAx ≔ 1 N RCx ≔ 1 N RAz ⋅ 30 in + FrB ⋅ 15 in + FrD ⋅ 6 in ＝ 0

⎡ RAz ⎤
Solver Restricciones

RAx - FtB + RCx + FtD ＝ 0 ⎢ ⎥ ≔ find ⎛⎝RAz , RCz⎞⎠

⎣ RCz ⎦
RAx ⋅ 30 in - FtB ⋅ 15 in - FtD ⋅ 6 in ＝ 0
⎡ RAx ⎤ ⎡ RAx ⎤ ⎡ 36.446 ⎤
⎢ ⎥ ≔ find ⎛⎝RAx , RCx⎞⎠ ⎢ ⎥=⎢ ⎥ kN
⎣ RCx ⎦ ⎣ RCx ⎦ ⎣ -120.551 ⎦

⎡ RAz ⎤ ⎡ -13.265 ⎤
μ ((y , a)) ≔ ‖ if y < a| | ⎢ ⎥=⎢ ⎥ kN
‖ ‖ || ⎣ RCz ⎦ ⎣ 43.877 ⎦
‖ ‖0 ||
‖ else | |
‖ ‖ || y ≔ 0 , 0.1 in ‥ 36 in
‖‖ ‖ 1 | ||

Mzy ((y)) ≔ RAz ⋅ y + FrB ⋅ ((y - 15 in )) ⋅ μ ((y , 15 in )) + RCz ⋅ ((y - 30 in )) ⋅ μ ((y , 30 in ))

Mxy ((y)) ≔ -RAx ⋅ y + FtB ⋅ ((y - 15 in )) ⋅ μ ((y , 15 in )) - RCx ⋅ ((y - 30 in )) ⋅ μ ((y , 30 in ))

 0.7 2
0 0
-0.7 00.09
0.18
0.27
0.36
0.45
0.54
0.63
0.72
0.81
0.9
0.99 -2 00.09
0.18
0.27
0.36
0.45
0.54
0.63
0.72
0.810.90.99
-1.4 -4
-2.1 -6
-2.8 -8
-3.5 Mzy ((y)) ((kN ⋅ m)) -10
-12
Mxy ((y)) ((kN ⋅ m))
-4.2
-4.9 -14
-16
-5.6
-18
-6.3

y ((m)) y ((m))

‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 2
M ((y)) ≔ ⎛⎝Mzy ((y))⎞⎠ + ⎛⎝Mxy ((y))⎞⎠

1.65⋅10⁵
1.5⋅10⁵
1.35⋅10⁵
1.2⋅10⁵
1.05⋅10⁵
9⋅10⁴
7.5⋅10⁴
6⋅10⁴
M ((y)) ((lbf ⋅ in ))
4.5⋅10⁴
3⋅10⁴
1.5⋅10⁴
0
0 3.5 7 10.5 14 17.5 21 24.5 28 31.5 35 38.5

y ((in ))
Obtención de diámetros
3 ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
Mf
df ＝ ―――
0.1 ⋅ σadm

3 ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
Mf
dt ＝ ―――
0.2 ⋅ τadm

σadm ≔ 60 MPa

τadm ≔ 0.577 ⋅ σadm = 34.62 MPa

‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾ τadm ≔ 18 MPa
3 M ((20 mm ))
df1 ≔ ―――― df1 = 50.565 mm
0.1 ⋅ σadm
3 ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
Mtor
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾ dt ≔ ―――= 125.529 mm
3 M ((15 in )) 0.2 ⋅ τadm
df2 ≔ ―――― df2 = 135.045 mm
0.1 ⋅ σadm

‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾ d1n ≔ 55 mm d2n ≔ 140 mm

3 M ((30 in ))
df3 ≔ ―――― df3 = 144.723 mm
0.1 ⋅ σadm d3n ≔ 150 mm d4n ≔ 130 mm
3 ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
M ((36 in - 20 mm ))
df4 ≔ ――――――― df4 = 73.545 mm
0.1 ⋅ σadm

3 ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
Mf
dt ＝ ―――
0.2 ⋅ τadm
 St42

σy1020 ≔ 196 MPa

Cálculo a fatiga

tensión_equivalente σv ＝ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
σ0 2 + 3 ⋅ α0 2 ⋅ τ 2 ≤ σadm

a=1 si hay flexión alternativa y torsión permanente

σ0 ＝ σt + σf a=2 si hay flexión alternativa y torsión pulsatoria
a=3 si hay flexión alternativa y torsión alternativa
a≔2
α0 ≔ ‖ if a ＝ 1 | |
‖ ‖ ||
‖ ‖ ‾‾‾‾0.48 | |
‖ ‖ ―― |
‖ ‖ 3 || |
‖ if a ＝ 2 | |
‖ ‖ ||
‖ ‖ ‾‾‾‾1.47 | |
‖ ‖ ―― 3 || |
‖ ‖ |
‖ if a ＝ 3| |
‖ ‖ ‾‾| |
‖ ‖ ― 3| |
‖ ‖ 3 | |
‖ ‖ | |
α0 = 0.7

‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2
⎛ M ((30 in )) ⎞ 2
⎛ Mtor ⎞ 2
σv3 ≔ ⎜―――― ⎟ + 3 ⋅ α0 ⋅ ⎜――― ⎟
0.1 ⋅ d 3 ⎜ 0.2 ⋅ d
3
⎟
 ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2
⎛ M ((30 in )) ⎞ 2
⎛ Mtor ⎞ 2
σv3 ≔ ⎜―――― 3 ⎟
+ 3 ⋅ α 0 ⋅ ⎜――― 3
⎟ σv3 = 55.385 MPa
⎝ 0.1 ⋅ d3n ⎠ ⎜⎝ 0.2 ⋅ d3n ⎟⎠

σw ≔ 210 MPa
σw ⋅ b0
σG ＝ ――――≤ k ⋅ σw σG ≤ σw
βkb ⋅ ((1 - R))
σu σu42 ≔ 420 MPa

σy σw ≔ 0.5 ⋅ σu42

σw = 210 MPa
σw
σw ＝ 700 MPa

b0 factor de influencia de la superficie b0 ≔ 0.95

b0 ≔ 0.95
 αkb ≔ 2.85

2 2
χ ＝ ―― +― ρ ≔ 2 mm
de2 ρ2

2 2 1
χ3 ≔ ―― + ―= 1.013 ――
d3n ρ mm

2 2
χ2 ＝ ―+ ―
d2 ρ

2 2 2 2 2 2
χ3 ＝ ―+ ― χ4 ＝ ―+ ― χ5 ＝ ―+ ―
d3 ρ d4 ρ d5 ρ
αkb1 ≔ 1.4

αkb2 ≔ 3.2

αkb3 ≔ 1

αkb4 ≔ 3.2

αkb5 ≔ 1.4

αkb
βkb3 ≔ ―――――― βkb3 = 2.189
1 + ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
0.09 mm ⋅ χ3
Grado de reposo

R ≔ 0.5

σw ⋅ b0
σG3 ≔ ――――= 182.279 MPa ≤ kf ⋅ σw = ? MPa
βkb3 ⋅ ((1 - R))

σG3
SD ≔ ―― = 3.291
σv3
 1
―
3
⎛ 16 ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 3 ⎞
d ＝ ⎜―― ⋅ ⎛⎝αkb ⋅ M ((x))⎞⎠ + ―⋅ Mtor 2 ⎟ τyd ≔ 18 MPa σu ≔ 420 MPa
⎜⎝ π ⋅ τyd 4 ⎟⎠
1
― σy ≔ 0.6 ⋅ σu = 252 MPa
3
⎛ 16 ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾2 3 ⎞
d3 ≔ ⎜――― ⋅ ⎛⎝αkb ⋅ M ((30 in ))⎞⎠ + ―⋅ Mtor 2 ⎟ τy ≔ 0.577 ⋅ σy = 145.404 MPa
⎜⎝ π ⋅ τyd 4 ⎟⎠
τy
τyd ≔ ―= 48.468 MPa
d3 = 245.35 mm 3

1
―
3
⎛ 16 ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾2 3 ⎞
d3 ≔ ⎜――― ⋅ ⎛⎝αkb ⋅ M ((30 in ))⎞⎠ + ―⋅ Mtor 2 ⎟
⎜⎝ π ⋅ τyd 4 ⎟⎠

d3 = 176.356 mm
αkb ≔ 2
1
―
3
⎛ 16 ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾2 3 ⎞
d2 ≔ ⎜――― ⋅ ⎛⎝αkb ⋅ M ((15 in ))⎞⎠ + ―⋅ Mtor 2 ⎟
⎜⎝ π ⋅ τyd 4 ⎟⎠

d2 = 146.936 mm