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Qamar Hasnain Qadri

Advanced Publishers
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Advanced Comprehensive American History
Qamar Hasnain Qadri
© Advanced Publishers
ISBN 978-969-588-538-3
Rs. 1100.00

All rights reserved under the Copyright Act. No part of this book may be reproduced
in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying,
without permission in writing from the authors. All previous editions of this book are
stood cancelled. All inquiries should be addressed to the authors and the publishers.

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 CONTENTS
No. Description Pages #

Preface / Exordium viii

Syllabus: History of USA x
1. From Ancient Times to 1492 1
2. Advent of the Europeans to British Supremacy (1492 – 1606) 5
3. US as a British Colony (1606-1783) 12
4. One Liner Objectives 19
5. War of Independence 21
6. American Revolution as the Child of Enlightenment 29
7. Mercantilism as a Chief Cause of American Independence 36
8. Early Problems of USA in Formation of National Government 40
9. Treaties of Paris and their Significance 44
10. One Liner Objectives 47
11. Articles of Confederation 48
12. Philadelphia Convention (1787) and the Drafting of New Constitution 53
13. Salient Features of the American Constitution 57
14. The Amendment Process of US Constitution 62
15. Judicial Review in US Constitution 66
16. US Presidential Election 71
17. The Growth of US Presidential Power 77
18. Separation of Powers & Checks and Balances 84
19. US Congress and its Mandate 89
20. American Judiciary 96
21. The Federalism of the US Constitution 101
22. One Liner Objectives 104
23. Brawl Between Federalist and Anti-federalist 107
24. Federalist Regime: An Aurora of Washington & Adams (1789 – 1801) 112
25. George Washington (1789-1797) 120
26. John Adams (1797-1800) 127
27. USA as an Independent Country (1783-1819) 132
28. Expansion of USA: From 13 to 50 States (1820-1949) 138
29. One Liner Objective 145
30. Thomas Jefferson (1801-1808) and Democracy 148
31. Louisiana Purchase (30 April, 1803) 157
32. War of 1812-1814 with England 162
33. James Monroe and Era of Good Feelings (1817-24) 170

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34. Monroe Doctrine (December 2, 1823) 175
35. John Quincy Adams and „Era of Hard Feelings‟ (1825-29) 181
36. One Liner Objectives 185
37. Andrew Jackson (1829-37) and its Democracy 190
38. Jeffersonian VS Jacksonian Democracy 199
39. Westward Movement (1820-60) 204
40. American Civil War (1861 1865) 212
41. Abraham Lincoln (1861-65) 224
42. Reconstruction Era (1865-1877) 232
43. Slavery and Abolition Movement 242
44. Progressive Movement (1890-1920) 252
45. US Industrialization (Guilded Age) and Emergence as a
World Power (1870-1916) 265
46. Woodrow Wilson and WW-I 275
47. The Great Depression 286
48. Franklin Delano Roosevelt and his New Deal 296
49. One-liner Objectives 308
50. USA and World War II (1939-45) 318
51. Civil Rights Movements / African American Struggle 331
52. US Role in Patronizing UNO and World Organizations (1945-2012) 343
53. The Cold War – Geopolitical Tension (1945-1991) 351
54. International Concerns of USA 362
55. The War on Terror and the Role of Pakistan and USA (2001-12) 371
56. Global Perceptions of the USA 380
57. US Role in International Conflicts 388
58. Post 9/11 Foreign Policy of USA 396
59. One Liner Objectives 401
60. Important Presidents and Figures 405
61. Truman Doctrine 414
62. Dwight D. Eisenhower Doctrine 418
63. John Fitzgerald Kennedy (1961-63) 421
64. Richard Milhous Nixon Presidency & Watergate Scandal (1969-74) 426
65. James Earl Carter Presidency (1977-81) 436
66. President Ronald Reagan (1981-89) 440
67. Presidency of Bill Clinton (1993-2001) 448
68. Presidency of George W. Bush (2001-09) 454
69. Barack Hussein Obama (2008-17) 465
70. Donald Trump 471

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71. Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790) 479
72. Alexander Hamilton 482
73. Joseph McCarthy‟s /McCarthyism 485
74. Malcolm X 488
75. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. (1929-68) 492
76. Henry Alfred Kissinger 497
77. Key Events and Short Notes 501
78. Formation of Religious Colonies and their Role in Revolution 504
79. The Declaration of Independence (4 July, 1776) 509
80. Jay‟s Treaty (November 19, 1794) 513
81. Missouri Compromise of 1820 516
82. Trail of Tears (1831-1877) 521
83. Manifest Destiny 525
84. Compromise of 1850 529
85. Abraham Lincoln‟s Letter to his Son‟s Teacher 533
86. Ku Klux Klan (1865) 536
87. Jazz Age or Roaring Twenties 540
88. Nation of Islam (1930) 545
89. Treaty of Versailles 548
90. League of Nations and defeat of Wilson in Congress 552
91. Marshall Plan / European Recovery Program (1947) 558
92. Dulles Plan / Doctrine 561
93. NATO Challenges and Opportunities 563
94. The Korean War (1950-53) 569
95. The Vietnam War (1955-75) 572
96. U-2 Incident (1960) 576
97. Cuban Missile Crisis (1962) 580
98. Emergence of American National Culture 583
99. Cowboys 588
100. American Imperialism 591
101. Feminism Struggle in USA 601
102. Agriculture and Populist Movement in USA 605
103. American Immigration Pull 612
104. New World Order 617
105. One Liner Objectives 625
106. Terms in the History of USA 638
107. Past Solved Papers from 1985 to onward 677
108. Bibliography / References 685

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 Preface / Exordium

All praise and glory to Almighty Allah, who is the most merciful and the beneficent, for his
constant guidance and direction throughout this time. Countless peace and blessings on our
beloved last Prophet Muhammad, his families and companions ‫ صلی ہللا علیہ وا آلہ و سلم‬. This
project was finalized only by his infinite sweet desire. I am humbly grateful to my creator and
sustainer, who gave me strength and courage to write this book “American History”. It was a
herculean yet exciting journey, to cover US history from ancient periods to present day.
With the emergence of the USA as one of the most powerful countries of the globe, the
study of American History has assumed great importance and evoked great interest. The
History of the USA as a paper at the graduation, master and competitive levels of CSS/PMS
has been one of the most rewarding optional subjects. Although there are so many books
written on this subject, still there is a dire need to cater to the demands of the aspirants as per
examination standards. This book has all fascinating detail in forms of introduction,
background, causes, explanations, impacts and conclusion. It is embellished with
marvelous quotes and references to make it more charming. It covers the updated FPSC
revised Syllabus with one liner objectives. Every topic has pectoral evidences and at the
end there are notes on key figures, events, doctrines, solved papers and terms of US
history. The narrative is simple but logical and authentic in chronological order. This book is a
humble attempt to present the quality material in the popular question answer form along-with
objectives in a comprehensive and consolidated style to make the material useful for brilliant
students as well as teachers.
I owe special thanks to Revered Figure Shehr Banu (Rosalind Reardon Pinsent) and
my dear and near friends Riaz Ali Shah, Qasim Ali Ch, Ali Zaib Sial, Ashfaq Ahmad, Tariq
Mahmood, Mubashir Hassan Jappa, Imtiaz Hussain Taj and publisher Muhammad Imtiaz
Shahid for their kind support.
I do accept my shortcomings so suggestions for further improvement are invited and
shall be gratefully acknowledged and incorporated in the next edition, In Sha Allah. In the end I
bow and chant! O Lord I seek pardon from misleading knowledge, misdeeds, fearless heart and
unheard preaching. For your beloved Prophet Muhammad ‫ صلی ہللا علیہ وا آلہ و سلم‬and his families
always keep this garden blossoming and millions to taste its fruit. Ameen Thumma Ameen.

Qamar Hasnain Qadri

Admin of
Ghosia Bahisti Mosque & Shrine of Hafiz Barkhurdar
Sachyar Village Barkhurdar Sharif
District Chiniot.
mailto: sachyar592@gmail.com
03339797108, 03457961592

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 Dedication
I dedicate this book to a great Muslim, Professional Boxer, social activist, and philanthropist,
Muhammad Ali (Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr., 1942-2016), an icon of liberty, integrity, and the
greatest boxer of all times. He served as an inspiration to me, so it is now an honour to shine
the light of my respect on this powerful yet humble man.

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 SYLLABUS: HISTORY OF USA (100 MARKS)

I. Introduction:
 From ancient times to 1492
 Advent of the Europeans to British Supremacy (1492-1606)
II. USA as a British Colony (1606-1783)
III. USA as an Independent Country (1783 - 1819)
IV. Expansion of USA: From 13 to 50 States (1820 - 1949)
V. Constitution of the USA: Salient Features
VI. Civil war between the North and the South (1861 - 1865)
VII. Industrialization and its Emergence as one of the World Powers (1870 -1916)
VIII. USA‟s Role in the Two World Wars (1914 – 1918 and 1939 - 1945)
IX. Post 1945 World Scenario and Emergence of USA and USSR as the Two World Powers
X. American Role in patronizing UNO and International Organizations 1945 - 2012
XI. American Role in Cold War and its Emergence as the Sole Super Power (1945 -1990)
XII. International Concerns of USA: An Overview.
XIII. The War on Terror: The Role of Pakistan and USA (2001 - 2012)
XIV. Global Perceptions of the USA.
XV. Progressive Era: Reforms of Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson
XVI. The Great Depression and the New Deal
XVII. Civil Rights Movement
XVIII. United States‟ Role in International Conflicts
XIX. US Presidential Election
XX. The US Congress: Role and Functions
XXI. Separation of Powers: Check and Balances

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