Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B

Basic Properties of Circles

11
Consolidation Exercise Solution

Consolidation Exercise 11D

1. (a) In △PRT and △PST,
PR = PS given
RPT = SPT given
PT = PT common side
∴ △PRT  △PST SAS

(b) ∵ △PRT  △PST proved in (a)

∴ RT = ST corr. sides, △s
and PTR = PTS corr. s, △s
PTR + PTS = 180 adj. s on st. line
PTR + PTR = 180
PTR = 90
i.e. PQ ⊥ RS
∴ PQ is the perpendicular bisector of RS.
∴ PQ passes through the centre. ⊥ bisector of chord passes through centre
∴ PQ is a diameter of the circle.

2. In △OND and △AMD,

∵ AN = NC given
∴ ON ⊥ AC line joining centre to mid-pt. of chord ⊥ chord
∵ AM = MB given
∴ OM ⊥ AB line joining centre to mid-pt. of chord ⊥ chord
∴ OND = AMD = 90
NDO = MDA vert. opp. s
In △OND,
DON + OND + NDO = 180  sum of △
DON = 180 − 90 − NDO
= 90 − NDO
In △AMD,
DAM + AMD + MDA = 180  sum of △
DAM = 180 − 90 − MDA
= 90 − MDA
∴ DON = DAM
∴ △OND ~ △AMD AAA

© Oxford University Press 2023 1 4B11 Consolidation Exercise 11D Solution

Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B

3.
B

M N
P Q

Produce PM to meet the smaller circle at N.

∵ PM ⊥ AB given
∴ AM = BM perpendicular from centre to chord bisects chord
∵ PM ⊥ AB given
∴ PN ⊥ AB
∵ AM = BM and PN ⊥ AB
∴ PN is the perpendicular bisector of AB.
∴ PM produced passes through the centre Q. ⊥ bisector of chord passes through centre

4. B

P
Q
A C

D
Join BD.
∵ BP = PA and BQ = QC given
∴ PQ // AC mid-pt. theorem
∴ BPQ = BAC corr. s, PQ // AC
∵ CQ = QB and CR = RD given
∴ QR // BD mid-pt. theorem
∴ CRQ = CDB corr. s, QR // BD
∵ BAC = CDB s in the same segment
∴ BPQ = CRQ

© Oxford University Press 2023 2 4B11 Consolidation Exercise 11D Solution

Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B

5. A

O
B C
F

E D
Join CD.
Let F be the point of intersection of AE and BC.
ACD = 90  in semi-circle
In △ACD,
CAD + ADC + ACD = 180  sum of △
CAD + ADC + 90 = 180
CAD = 90 − ADC
In △ABF,
BAE + ABF + AFB = 180  sum of △
BAE + ABF + 90 = 180
BAE = 90 − ABF
∵ ADC = ABF s in the same segment

∴
 
∴ CAD = BAE

CD = BE equal angles, equal arcs

6. E
D

O F G
C

B
A
Let O and G be the centres of the two circles.
Join OB, OD, GD and GB.
∵ The two circles are equal circles. given
∴ OB = OD = GD = GB radii
∴ ODGB is a rhombus.
BOD = 2BAD  at centre twice  at circumference
DGB = 2DCB  at centre twice  at circumference
∵ BOD = DGB property of rhombus
∴ 2BAD = 2DCB
BAD = DCB
∴ AD = CD sides opp. eq. s
i.e. △ACD is an isosceles triangle.

© Oxford University Press 2023 3 4B11 Consolidation Exercise 11D Solution

Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B

7. (a) F
C
N
D
O

E
A M B
Let M and N be points on AB and
CD respectively such that
OM ⊥ AB and ON ⊥ CD.
In △OEM and △OFN,
∵ AB = CD given
∴ OM = ON equal chords, equidistant from centre
OME = ONF by construction
∵ OM ⊥ AB and ON ⊥ CD
AM = BM and CN = DN perpendicular from centre to chord bisects chord
∵ AB = CD
1 1
∴ AB = CD
2 2
i.e. AM = CN
ME = AM + AE
= CN + CF
= NF
i.e. ME = NF
∴ △OEM  △OFN SAS
∴ OE = OF corr. sides, △s

© Oxford University Press 2023 4 4B11 Consolidation Exercise 11D Solution

Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B

(b) F
C

P D
O

E
A B
Let P be the mid-point of EF. Join OP.
In △OEP and △OFP,
EP = FP by construction
OE = OF proved in (a)
OP = OP common side
∴ △OEP  △OFP SSS
OPE = OPF corr. s, △s
OPE + OPF = 180 adj. s on st. line
OPE + OPE = 180
OPE = 90
i.e. OP ⊥ EF
∵ EP = FP and OP ⊥ EF
∴ OP is the perpendicular bisector of EF.
i.e. The perpendicular bisector of EF passes
through the centre O.

8. ∵ BID and CIE pass through the in-centre of △ABC.

∴ BID and CIE are the angle bisectors of ABC and
ACB respectively.
∴ ABD = DBC
1
= ABC
2
ACE = BCE
1
= ACB
2
ACD = ABD s in the same segment
DCE = ACD + ACE
= ABD + BCE
= DBC + BCE
In △BIC,
DIC = BCE + DBC ext.  of △
= DCE
∴ DCE = DIC

© Oxford University Press 2023 5 4B11 Consolidation Exercise 11D Solution

Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B

9. (a) C
D
G
O
H
A E F B

Produce CH to meet AB at F and produce

BH to meet AC at G.
ABD = 90  in semi-circle
∵ H is the orthocentre of △ABC.
∴ CH ⊥ AB
i.e. AFC = 90
∴ CH // DB corr. s equal
ACD = 90  in semi-circle
∵ H is the orthocentre of △ABC.
∴ BH ⊥ AC
i.e. AGB = 90
∴ BH // DC corr. s equal
∵ CH // DB and BH // DC
∴ BDCH is a parallelogram.

(b) ∵ OE ⊥ AB given
∴ AE = BE perpendicular from centre to chord bisects chord
OA = OD radii
∵ AE = BE and OA = OD
1
∴ OE = DB mid-pt. theorem
2
∵ CH = DB opp. sides of //gram
1
∴ OE = CH
2

© Oxford University Press 2023 6 4B11 Consolidation Exercise 11D Solution