Rieny Sulistijowati Chitinase Activity Potential and Identification of Chitinolytic Bacteria Isolated of Swimmer Crabs Cell

also developed by scimago: SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS
Scimago Journal & Country Rank Enter Journal Title, ISSN or Publisher Name
Home Journal Rankings Country Rankings Viz Tools Help About Us
International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering
COUNTRY SUBJECT AREA AND PUBLISHER H-INDEX

CATEGORY
China
Universities and
Agricultural and
Biological Sciences
Chinese Society of
Agricultural Engineering 31
research institutions in Agricultural and
China
Biological Sciences
(miscellaneous)
Engineering
Engineering
(miscellaneous)
PUBLICATION TYPE ISSN COVERAGE INFORMATION
Journals 19346344, 19346352 2008-2020 Homepage
How to publish in this

journal
ijabe@ijabe.org
SCOPE
International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering (IJABE, https://www.ijabe.org) is a peer reviewed open
access international journal. IJABE, started in 2008, is a joint publication co-sponsored by US-based Association of
Agricultural, Biological and Food Engineers (AOCABFE) and China-based Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
(CSAE). The ISSN 1934-6344 and eISSN 1934-6352 numbers for both print and online IJABE have been registered in US.
Now, Int. J. Agric. & Biol. Eng (IJABE) is published in both online and print version by Chinese Academy of Agricultural
Engineering.
Join the conversation about this journal

We'll try Ads
Adnot
byshow
to
closed by that ad again
Stop seeing this ad Why this ad?
Get PayPal for Business

Go from liable to covered with seller protection
PayPal
Quartiles
We'll try Ads

Adnot
byshow
to
Get PayPal for Business

Go from liable to covered with seller protection
PayPal
FIND SIMILAR JOURNALS
1 2 3 4
Applied Engineering in Biosystems Engineering Computers and Electronics in Information
Agriculture Agriculture Agriculture
USA USA NLD CHN
54% 45% 43% 4

similarity similarity similarity s
We'll try Ads

Adnot
byshow
to
Customer Engagement Insights

Key Engagement Tips to Increase Bookings, Reservations and Pu
Braze™
SJR Total Documents
The SJR is a size-independent prestige indicator that

0.75 Evolution of the number of published documents. All
240
ranks journals by their 'average prestige per article'. It is types of documents are considered, including citable
based
0.5 on the idea that 'all citations are not created and non citable documents.
160
equal'. SJR is a measure of scientific influence of
0.25
journals that accounts for both the number of citations 80
Year Documents
received by a journal and the importance or prestige of 2008 23
0 0
the journals where such citations come from It 2009 40
measures
2009 the scientific
2011 influence2015
2013 of the average
2017 article
2019 2010200834 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
in a journal it expresses how central to the global 2011 38
Total Cites Self-Cites Citations per document
1.4k
Evolution of the total number of citations and journal's This
3 indicator counts the number of citations received by
self-citations received by a journal's published documents from a journal and divides them by the total
documents during the three previous years. number of documents published in that journal. The
700
Journal Self-citation is defined as the number of citation 2.4
chart shows the evolution of the average number of
from a journal citing article to articles published by the times documents published in a journal in the past two,
same journal. three and four years have been cited in the current year.
1.8
0 The two years line is equivalent to journal impact factor
Cites
2008 Year 2012
2010 Value2014 2016 2018 2020 ™ (Thomson Reuters) metric.
S lf Cit 2008 0 1.2

External Cites per Doc Cites per Doc Cites per document Year Value
Cites / Doc. (4 years) 2008 0.000
0.6
Cites / Doc. (4 years) 2009 0.261
4Evolution of the number of total citation per document
and external citation per document (i.e. journal self- Cites / Doc. (4 years) 2010 0.524
citations removed) received by a journal's published Cites / Doc. (4 years) 2011 0.887
0
Cites / Doc. (4 years) 2012 1.259
2documents during the three previous years. External
citations are calculated by subtracting the number of Cites / Doc. (4 years) 2013 1.680
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
self-citations from the total number of citations received
Cites / Doc. (4 years) 2014 0.940
0 Cites / Doc.
Cites / Doc.(4
(4years)
years) 2015 1.051
by the journal’s documents.
Cites
Cites / Doc.(4
/ Doc. (3years)
years) 2016 1.118
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 Cites
Cites / Doc.(4
/ Doc. (2years)
years) 2017 1.449
Cit Y V l
% International Collaboration Citable documents Non-citable documents
500
International Collaboration accounts for the articles that
40 Not every article in a journal is considered primary
have been produced by researchers from several research and therefore "citable", this chart shows the
countries. The chart shows the ratio of a journal's ratio of a journal's articles including substantial research
20
documents signed by researchers from more than one 250
(research articles, conference papers and reviews) in
country; that is including more than one country address. three year windows vs. those documents other than
research articles, reviews and conference papers.
0
Year International Collaboration 0
2008
2008 34.78
2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 Documents
2008 2010 2012 Year
2014 Value
2016 2018 2020
2009 22 50 N it bl d t 2008 0
Cited documents Uncited documents
← Show this widget in
500
Ratio of a journal's items, grouped in three years your own website
windows, that have been cited at least once vs. those
not cited during the following year. Just copy the code below
250 and paste within your html
code:
Documents Year Value
<a href="https://www.scimag
Uncited documents 2008 0
Uncited
0 documents 2009 20
Uncited
2008 documents
2010 2010201443 2016
2012 2018 2020
Uncited documents 2011 60
Metrics based on Scopus® data as of April 2021

HOME ABOUT LOGIN REGISTER SEARCH CURRENT ARCHIVES ANNOUNCEMENTS USER
MOST-CITED Username
Password
Home > About the Journal > Editorial Policies
Remember me
Editorial Policies Login
JOURNAL CONTENT
Focus and Scope
Section Policies Search
Peer Review Process
Publication Frequency Search Scope
Open Access Policy All
Archiving
Indexed and abstracted by Search
Author-side Fees or Article-Processing Charges(APC)
Browse
By Issue
Focus and Scope By Author
By Title
International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering (IJABE, https://www.ijabe.org) is a peer reviewed open
access international journal. IJABE, started in 2008, is a joint publication co-sponsored by US-based Association of
Agricultural, Biological and Food Engineers (AOCABFE) and China-based Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering DONATIONS
(CSAE). The ISSN 1934-6344 and eISSN 1934-6352 numbers for both print and online IJABE have been registered in
US. Now, Int. J. Agric. & Biol. Eng (IJABE) is published in both online and print version by Chinese Academy of
Agricultural Engineering. FONT SIZE
As an Open Access journal, our papers are freely accessible online immediately upon publication. With the Open Access
policy, our journal can reach a broader spectrum of readership by removing price barriers (subscriptions, licensing
fees, pay-per-view fees) that some individual readers may experience. IJABE International Editorial Board is made up INFORMATION
of over 300 leading researchers from about 50 countries who are dedicated to ensuring that authors get a fair, efficient For Readers
and friendly peer-review service. To benefit from the specialist advice and support of these internationally recognized For Authors
experts, publish your next article with IJABE. For Librarians
Openly accessible IJABE provides wider sharing of knowledge and the acceleration of research, and is thus in the best
interest of authors, potential readers, and increases the availability, accessibility, visibility and impact of the papers, Journal Help
and the journal as a whole. IJABE aims at promoting agricultural and biological engineering, increasing academic
prosperity, and fostering international academic exchange and cooperation.
This journal provides a platform for sharing the latest high-quality research concerning the agricultural, food and
biological engineering and the application of these engineering techniques in all areas of agriculture. The journal
features works of great significance, originality, and relevance in all the concerned areas. Our readers are from the
international scientific community and may include educators, policy makers, agricultural engineers and scientists, and
interested members of the public around the world.
Up to August 08, 2016, over 3000 submissions were received from over 30 countries, and 9 volumes with 38 issues
and over 450 papers were published. The website of IJABE attracts over one million visits from over 90 countries
around the world. Many papers published in IJABE were cited by other prestigious journals. The total registered users
in IJABE database reached over 10 000 up to date.
Although IJABE is a newly-launched journal, it has been growing quickly and steadily. So far, online and print IJABE
has been covered and indexed by SCIE, JCR, Current Contents, Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS Preview, Ei Compendex,
CA, INSPEC, Indian NAAS Journal Scoring, Abstract Journals (VINITI RAN), Agricola, AGRIS, Scopus, CSA, OCLC,
ProQuest, Index Copernicus, Google scholar, CAB International, CAB ABSTRACTS Full Text Select, Colorado Alliance of
Research Libraries-Open Access Digital Library, EBSCOhost --- Academic Search Complete, Academic Search R&D,
Academic Source Complete, and Food Science Source, Socolar, China Educational Publications Import & Export
Corporation. All the papers published in IJABE can be searchable via the Thomson ISI Web of Science-All Databases.
IJABE is also the Abstracting & Indexing Sources for AgBiotech News and Information (Active) (Print), Genetics
Abstracts (Active) (Print), Index Veterinarius (Active) (Print), Pig News & Information (Active) (Print), Pollution
Abstracts (Active) (Print), Postharvest News and Information (Active) (Print), Review of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants
(Active) (Print), Virology and AIDS Abstracts (Active) (Print), Wheat, Barley and Triticale Abstracts (Active) (Print). And
it has been listed on the world’s biggest online OA journals platform: Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), Open
J-Gate, and also Ulrich’s Periodicals Directory.
Most importantly, received its first impact factor of 1.007, according to 2016 update of its Journal Citation
Reports®(JCR) released by The Intellectual Property (IP) Science Business of Thomson Reuters on June 13, 2016.
Based on the Journal Impact Factor(JIF) values, IJABE ranks 7th out of 14 SCI-indexed journals in the category of
agricultural engineering in the world, locating in Q2 Quartile. According to the latest statistics from Thomson Reuters
Web of Science All Databases Citation Report, till July 9 2016 (Data on June 28 2015 in comparison), 474(355) items
including articles, news, editorials and cover stories published in IJABE were found, and the sum of times cited reached
1144 (735). Average citation per item is 2.41 (2.07), and h-index is 12 (10).
Please note that you can help to maintain and achieve a greater success by Publishing your high-quality research
papers in IJABE, Reviewing papers for IJABE if requested, and Citing related papers published in IJABE as much as
possible in your own publications (short for supporting IJABE via PRC), and also by encouraging your colleagues,
students and friends to do so. You are invited to submit your next high quality manuscript (in particular review papers)
to IJABE.
IJABE covers but is not limited to the following 10 technical disciplines:
1 Applied Science, Engineering and Technology (ASET)

2 Animal, Plant and Facility Systems (APFS)
3 Biosystems, Biological and Ecological Engineering(BBEE)
4 Power and Machinery Systems (PMS)
5 Natural Resources and Environmental Systems (NRES)
6 Information Technologies, Control Systems and Sensors (ITCSS)
7 Renewable Energy and Material System (REMS)
8 Agro-product & Food Processing Systems (AFPS)
9 Safety, Health and Ergonomics (SHE)
10 Emerging Science, Engineering and Technologies (ESET)
Types of articles:
Cover Caption, Editorial, Research Highlights, Science News, Policy & Education Forum, Perspectives, Correspondence,
Commentary, Brief Communications, Previews, Mini-reviews, Review, Research Articles, Book and Media Reviews,
Corrections, Advance Online Publication, Advertisement.
Languages: English
Method of submission:
The authors are required to visit IJABE website to register as IJABE authors, then they can submit their manuscripts to
IJABE through the Open Journal System (OJS) online. The detailed Author Guidelines for submission are available at
https://www.ijabe.org. Online submission is quick and easy to follow. So why not submit your good research to IJABE
now?
Contact Person:
Dr./Prof. Wang Yingkuan, Editor-in-chief

Tel: 86-10-59197090,59197086, 86-13691070263
Add: No.41, Maizidian Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100125, China
Email: ijabe@sina.com; wangyingkuan@163.com
https://www.ijabe.org
Section Policies
Editorials
Editors
Wang Yingkuan
Open Submissions Indexed Peer Reviewed
Invited Review/Research Article

Only papers invited by editors can be included in this section.
Applied Science, Engineering and Technology

Applications of physical and mathematical techniques to fundamental investigations and emerging areas within the
physical and life sciences; How to use engineering methods and the principles of biology to make the most of natural
resources and to solve problems related to agriculture, aquaculture, forest, and environment. Major areas of emphasis
are in applied physics, engineering sciences, engineering basics, biomaterial sciences, Biology, biological engineering
fundamentals, bioprocessing, biological kinetics, biosystem modeling, and bioelectronics, chemistry, chemical
engineering, heat/mass transport, and other types of engineering, hydrology and ecological engineering, technology for
improving environmental quality, engineering for sustainability.
Animal, Plant and Facility Systems

Encompasses environment within structures for animal housing, plant production, and commodities storage;
environmental air quality; climatic and meteorological data for engineering design, Environment of animal and plant
structures, design and management of environmental control systems for animal production facilities; analysis, design,
and construction of agricultural structures, imposed loads on structures, and materials of construction, climate control
technologies (heating, cooling, and dehumidification), and control strategies for plant production under protective
structures, i.e.: greenhouses, plant growth chambers, plant factories, and high tunnels; environment air quality;
facilities & systems for human and animal housing, agricultural waste management, pollution source and emission, and
animal care; Beef and dairy facilities and systems; milk handling equipment and systems for on-farm processing of
milk and milk products; Swine housing, manure management and environmental control strategies for improved
production efficiency and enhanced animal well-being and welfare；poultry housing including environmental control
strategies for improved production efficiency and enhanced animal well-being；animal welfare and care; Electrical Code
for Agriculture -development of practical electrical codes and standards for safety in electrical wiring systems used in
agricultural production and processing. Plant growth LED lighting, Electric fence controller.
Power and Machinery Systems

Design and manufacturing, Mechanization and automation, Man-machine system interaction, Precision agriculture and
emerging technologies, application of agricultural fans,standby electric power; control and/or communications network
systems for mobile agricultural equipment; electronics as applied to animal identification and tracking; wireless
communications in agricultural applications; agricultural machinery common tests; testing procedures for positioning &
guidance systems in agricultural applications; agricultural tractor and self-propelled implement cabs used during the
application of pesticides; safety and comfort of the operator(s) of agricultural machinery; agricultural equipment
braking, agricultural loaders; mobile agricultural equipment lighting and marking; engineering technology for
agricultural pest control and fertilizer application; ground application of liquid materials; agricultural aviation, aerial
application of dry and liquid materials; development, evaluation and implementation of engineering technology for
agricultural pest control and fertilizer application by ground application of dry materials. computer modeling of spray
application; engineering technologies for agricultural harvest and grain harvesting systems, mechanical aspects of
harvesting, handling, storing and processing of forages and biomass and derivatives there from; all engineering
aspects of cotton production, harvesting, handling and processing; soil-machine and soil-plant dynamics; design of
components for agricultural tractors and self-propelled machines; all engineering aspects of specialty crop production,
post-harvest operations, storage and distribution; engineering for all turf and landscape equipment systems. Tractor &
Implement Hydraulics, Tractor Implement Interface/PTO-implement and implement to implement mechanical
interfaces, PTOs, and general hitching issues; Cultural Practices Equipment- engineering technology for tillage,
planting, seeding, and other cultural practice equipment for field crop production. Agricultural Machinery Management
& Logistics- efficient and profitable production systems. Precision Agriculture-development, evaluation, and adoption of
technologies and systems for use in precision agriculture. Agricultural Equipment Automation-Collects and disseminates
technical information on the automation of agricultural equipment.
Natural Resources and Environmental Systems

Information Technology, Sensors and Control Systems

Artificial intelligence, Advanced sensing technology, Biosensors and system control, Computer aided systems,
Application of GIS, GPS, and RS in agriculture; Computational Methods, Simulations & Applications-development and
application of computational methods and simulations for addressing current issues in agricultural and biological
engineering; Biosensors- biosensor technologies and their applications in bioprocessing, food processing, food safety
and quality, bioenvironmental and agricultural systems; Machine Vision-development and application of robotics,
machine vision, image processing, and pattern recognition technology; Mechatronics & Biorobotics- development and
application of mechatronics, robotics and automation with respect to agriculture, food and biological systems;
Electromagnetics & Spectroscopy-Maintains contact with scientific developments in sonic, ultrasonics, electromagnetics,
spectroscopy, and particle radiation for applications in engineering for agriculture and biological systems;
Instrumentation & Controls- instrumentation and controls for application in engineering research and production;
Emerging Information Systems-Development and application of information technologies, database management
systems, information retrieval, electronic publishing, software development, internet applications, networking, machine
learning, data analytics, cloud-based computing and hand-held/wireless device applications.
Biosystems, Biological and Ecological Engineering

Biosystems Engineering is a field of engineering which integrates engineering science and design with applied
biological, environmental and agricultural sciences. It represents an evolution of the Agricultural Engineering discipline
applied to all living organisms not including biomedical applications. Therefore, Biosystems Engineering is the branch of
engineering that applies engineering sciences to solve problems involving biological systems.
Renewable Energy and Material Systems

Innovative energy sources, Renewable energy technologies, Biomass production, handling, and utilization, Energy
efficiency and conservation, and solar energy technology related to agriculture. Techno-economic Feasibility and
Sustainability- technical and economic feasibility and sustainability issues for energy projects; Renewable Power
Generation-alternative energy sources and conversion systems for renewable heat and power generation; Biomass
Energy & Industrial Byproducts-development, analysis, implementation, and dissemination of bio-based energy, fuels
and products; Solid Biofuels- Thermally Treated Solid Biofuels; Electrical Utilization & Energy Application -
electrotechnology related to agriculture energy efficiency, electrical wiring systems, and electrical utility programs;
application of agricultural lighting systems. Renewable materials. Biomass and feedstocks utilization: bioconversion of
agro-industrial residues; biological waste treatment；Thermochemical conversion of biomass: combustion, pyrolysis,
gasification, catalysis.
Agro-product and Food Processing Systems

May include post-harvest handling and storage, healthy food technology, processing engineering (food and biological),
Imaging and sensing technology, food safety and security, biomaterials and bio-chemicals, crop handling, storage,
drying, quality, processing equipment and methods. Produce primary commodities, and subsequently handle, process,
transport, market and distribute food and other agro-based products to consumers; domestic and global agro-food
value chain; production, processing and inspection of solely food products such as grain, dairy, coffee, fruit,
vegetables.
Structures and Bio-environmental Engineering

Encompasses environment within structures for animal housing, plant production, and commodities storage;
environmental air quality; climatic and meteorological data for engineering design, Environment of animal and plant
structures, design and management of environmental control systems for animal production facilities; analysis, design,
and construction of agricultural structures, imposed loads on structures, and materials of construction, climate control
technologies (heating, cooling, and dehumidification), and control strategies for plant production under protective
structures, i.e.: greenhouses, plant growth chambers, plant factories, and high tunnels; environment air quality;
facilities & systems for human and animal housing, agricultural waste management, pollution source and emission, and
animal care; Beef and dairy facilities and systems; milk handling equipment and systems for on-farm processing of
milk and milk products; Swine housing, manure management and environmental control strategies for improved
production efficiency and enhanced animal well-being and welfare；poultry housing including environmental control
strategies for improved production efficiency and enhanced animal well-being；animal welfare and care; Electrical Code
for Agriculture -development of practical electrical codes and standards for safety in electrical wiring systems used in
agricultural production and processing. Plant growth LED lighting, Electric fence controller.
Safety, Health and Ergonomics

All engineering aspects of ergonomic human safety and health for users of equipment systems and facilities in
agriculture; agricultural safety and health, food security and safety, life cycle analysis
Overview Articles
Overview, either research review or literature review papers submitted by authors voluntarily, can be included in this
section.
Expert Forum
Editors
Wang Yingkuan
Science News
Editors
Wang Yingkuan
Special Column of Orchard Information System

This special column is only used to publish cooperated papers from an international conference. The regular submission
should not go to this section.
Editors
Wang Yingkuan
Cover Captions
Editors
Wang Yingkuan
Color Insert Pages

Color pages of figures, maps and other graphs from papers will be printed in order to be more clear and listed in this
section.
Special Section of SWAT-related Submissions

IJABE publishes a special issue or special column of SWAT papers presented in SWAT Conferences or free submissions.
Information
Editors
Wang Yingkuan
Book Review
Editors
Wang Yingkuan
AUS SEAG 2013 Special Issue

We will publish a special issue online only after getting all the papers ready, which come from SEAG 2013 conference
proceedings.

Perspective and Insight
Perspective articles are intended to provide a forum for authors to discuss models and ideas from a personal viewpoint.
They are more forward looking and/or speculative than Reviews and may take a narrower field of view. They may be
opinionated but should remain balanced and are intended to stimulate discussion and new experimental approaches.
Perspectives follow the same formatting guidelines as Reviews. Both are peer-reviewed and edited substantially by
IJABE's editors in consultation with the author.
Special Column
IJABE publishes a special issue or special column .
Peer Review Process

All manuscripts will be critically reviewed by the editor and invited referees within 2 months. All manuscripts submitted
to IJABE are peer-reviewed according to the following procedure:
Initial review: A Division Editor evaluates all manuscripts sent his/her division to determine if submitted manuscripts
are appropriate for consideration by IJABE. Manuscripts that do not meet the minimum criteria are returned to the
authors within one week of receipt. This is in the best interest of the authors who could then decide to fix the problems
or to submit the manuscript to a more appropriate venue, avoiding delay caused by a lengthy review process that
would nonetheless lead to rejection.
Peer review: Manuscripts passing the initial review are assigned to an Associate Editor, who selects and invites two
reviewers based on their expertise in the particular field. A manuscript is reviewed by at least two reviewers. Reviewers
are asked to evaluate the manuscript based on
Material is original and timely

Writing is clear
Study methods are appropriate
Data are valid
Conclusions are reasonable and supported by the data
Information is important
Topic has general engineering interest and practical significance
To facilitate timely publication, reviewers are asked to complete their reviews within one month. If the two reviewers
have very different opinions on the manuscript, the Associate Editor or Division Editor's review will weigh in. After
collecting the referees' reports, the Associate Editor makes a recommendation on the acceptability of the manuscript to
the respective Division Editor.
Recommendation: Based on the reviewers' comments and the Associate Editor's recommendation, the Division Editor
makes a final decision on the acceptability of the manuscript, and communicates to the authors the decision, along
with reviewers' reports. The decision can be:
accept as is
minor revision
major revision
reject
A revised manuscript should be re-submitted within six months of the decision. It will usually be returned to the
original reviewers for evaluation.
A rejection decision is made typically because the manuscript does not meet the criteria outlined above such as
originality, importance to the field, cross-discipline interest, or sound methodology.
If the Division Editor and Associate Editor have conflicting opinions on a manuscript, they will seek consultation with
the Editor in Chief who may make the final decision.
Honest and Polite

After each round of the review, review reports will be sent to the author(s) and all reviewers of the manuscript under
consideration. It is important for a reviewer to be honest but not offensive when providing comments. Review reports
with opinions expressed in a kind and constructive way will persuade the authors of the merit of the review more
effectively.
Writing the Review

The purpose of the review is to provide the editors with an expert's opinions on the quality of the manuscript under
consideration. A good review report should identify both the strengths and the weaknesses of the paper, and should
also provide constructive and specific comments on how to improve the paper. If the reviewer believes that the paper
is not suitable for publication in IJABE, the review report should provide brief but sufficient information that enables the
author(s) to understand the reasons for the decision.
Publication Frequency
Two issues in 2008. First issue in August and second in December in 2008.
Quarterly from 2009 to 2013.
Currently, IJABE is Biomonthly from 2014.
It may be Monthly in the near future.
Open Access Policy

IJABE provides immediate open access to its contents on the principle that making research freely available to the
public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.
Open Access is the free, immediate, online availability of research articles coupled with the rights to use these articles
fully in the digital environment. Open-access (OA) literature is digital, online, free of charge, and free of most copyright
and licensing restrictions. Open Access ensures that anyone can access and use these results—to turn ideas into
industries and breakthroughs into better lives.
By “open access” to this literature we published, we mean its free availability on the public internet, permitting any
users to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of these articles, crawl them for
indexing, pass them as data to software, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without financial, legal, or technical
barriers other than those inseparable from gaining access to the internet itself. The only constraint on reproduction and
distribution, and the only role for copyright in this domain, should be to give authors control over the integrity of their
work and the right to be properly acknowledged and cited.
We adopt the latest version of license CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
Archiving
This journal utilizes the LOCKSS system to create a distributed archiving system among participating libraries and
permits those libraries to create permanent archives of the journal for purposes of preservation and restoration.
More...
Indexed and abstracted by
IJABE JIF=1.731, ranking 6 out of 13, locating Q2 according to JCR2019.
IJABE JIF=1.349, ranking 6 out of 13, locating Q2 according to JCR2018.
Science Citation Index Expanded (also known as SciSearch®)

Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition
Current Contents®/Agriculture, Biology, and Environmental Sciences
Biological Abstracts
BIOSIS Previews
Ei Compendex
Web of Science Core Collection
Agricola
AGRIS
Abstract Journals (VINITI RAN)
CA
CAS
CSA
Google scholar
INSPEC
Index Copernicus
OCLC
ProQuest
Scopus
CAB International
CAB ABSTRACTS Full Text Select
Colorado Alliance of Research Libraries-Open Access Digital Library
EBSCOhost---Academic Search Complete, Academic Search R&D, Academic Source Complete, and Food Science Source
Socolar
China Educational Publications Import & Export Corporation
IJABE has been listed on the world's biggest online OA journals platform:
Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
Open J-Gate
Ulrich's Periodicals Directory
IJABE are also the Abstracting & Indexing Sources for AgBiotech News and Information (Active) (Print), Genetics
Abstracts (Active) (Print), Index Veterinarius (Active) (Print), Pig News & Information (Active) (Print), Pollution
Abstracts (Active) (Print), Postharvest News and Information (Active) (Print), Review of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants
(Active) (Print), Virology and AIDS Abstracts (Active) (Print), Wheat, Barley and Triticale Abstracts (Active) (Print).
Author-side Fees or Article-Processing Charges(APC)

We charge the authors of accepted papers the publication fees similar to APC. Definitely, IJABE has no submission
charge as well as peer-review fee. The flat APC is $1000 per manuscript within 5 formatted (print) pages, with $150
for every extra page.
The flat APC is RMB6500 per manuscript within 5 formatted (print) pages, with RMB1000 for every extra page in
mainland China.
US$500 or RMB3000 for one printing color page.
Publication fees will be billed upon acceptance. However, the ability of authors to pay publication charges will never be
a consideration in the decision whether to publish. And we provide waiver policy for authors from low-income countries
according to the updated list by World Bank.
2021-2023 Copyright IJABE Editing and Publishing Office

MOST-CITED Username
Password
Home > About the Journal > Editorial Team
Remember me
Editorial Team Login
JOURNAL CONTENT
Editor-in-Chief Search
Wang Yingkuan, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering, Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, China Search Scope
All
PMS Section Editors Search
Steven J. Thomson, USDA-ARS, Crop Production Systems Research Unit U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA),
Stoneville, MS38776, United States Browse
Neil McLaughlin, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada By Issue
Ou Yinggang, College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, China By Author
By Title
Lie Tang, Iowa State University, United States
Ruixiu Sui, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), United States
Naiqian Zhang, PhD, Prof., Former President of AOC, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
DONATIONS
PMS Associate Editors

FONT SIZE
Yanbo Huang, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, United States
Rajvir Yadav, Junagadh Agricultural University, India
Chen Jian, College of Engineering, Southwest University, China
Guo Yuming, Shanxi Agricultural University, China
INFORMATION
He Yong, College of Biosystems Engineering & Food Science, Zhejiang University, China
Li Chenghua, Shenyang Ligong University, China For Readers
Shuqi Shang, Qingdao Agricultural University, China For Authors
Chenghai Yang, PhD, Agricultural Engineer U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agricultural Research Service (ARS) For Librarians
College Station, Texas, USA, United States
Heping Zhu, United States Department of Agriculture, United States
Journal Help
Dr. Shufeng Han, United States
Ning Wang, Oklahoma State University, United States
Wenqiao (Wayne) Yuan, Department of Biological & Agricultural Engineering, North Carolina State University, United
States
English Editors
Nalladurai Kaliyan, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, United States
Dr. Cheryl J Rutledge, Ph.D., Retired Associate Professor of English & English Editor-in-Chief, DaYeh University,
Changhua, Taiwan; Proprietor of AcademicEnglishEditing-DrRutledge.com; Resident of Florida, United States
Bill A. Stout, Emeritus Prof. of Texas A &M University, Honorary President of CIGR, College Station, TX, United States
Dr. Hal E. Lemmon, PhD, Computer Scientist, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture,
United States
Zuojun Yu, Ph.D, Physical Oceanographer, IPRC/SOEST, University of Hawaii, United States
NRES Section Editors

Philip W. Gassman, Iowa State University, United States
Xiuying (Susan) Wang, Texas A&M University, United States
Zhuping Sheng, Texas A&M University, United States
Lei Tingwu, College of Water Conservancy & Civil Engineering, China Agricutural University, China
Xiusheng (Harrison) Yang, PhD, Prof, Former President of AOC, President of ACAAS, University of Connecticut, Storrs,
United States
NRES Associate Editors

antonio Lo porto, Water Research Institute, Italian National Research Council, Italy
Hiroaki Somura, Shimane University, Japan
Manuel R Reyes, North Carolina A&T State University, United States
Mukand Singh Babel, Climate Change Asia at AIT (CCA@AIT) Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), Thailand
Manoj K. Jha, Civil Engineering Department, North Carolina A&T University, United States
Dr. Michael W. Van Liew, None, United States
Dr. Victor B Ella, University of the Philippines Los Banos, Philippines
Wang Quanjiu, Xi'an University of Technology, China
Huang Guanhua, China Agricultural University, China
Ren Tusheng, China Agricultural University, China
Shao Ming'an, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
Wei Gao, University of Colorado, United States
Yuzhou Luo, University of California at Davis, United States
Yeqiao Wang, CELS-NRS Coastal Institute In Kingston, United States
Glenn Warner, University of Connecticut, United States
BBEE Section Editors

BEE Mohamed H Hatem, Cairo University, Egypt
Lingjuan W. Wang-Li, North Carolina State University, United States
Baptista Fatima Folgoa, Department of Rural Engineering, University of Evora, Portugal
Li Baoming, China Agricultural University, China
Yuanhui Zhang, Dep of Agricultural & Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urban-Champaign, United States
BBEE Associate Editors

Shulin Chen, Washington State University, United States
Qiang Zhang, PhD, Former President of AOC, Prof. and Head of Biosystems Engineering Department, University of
Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
B. Brian He, University of Idaho, United States
Ying Zhang, Northeast Agricultural University, China
Ruihong Zhang, University of California, United States
Yi Liang, College of Engineering, University of Arkansas, United States
Ying Chen, Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Manitoba, Canada
Hongwei Xin, Iowa State University, United States
Zhao Lixin, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering, China
Luo Weihong, College of Agronomy, Nanjing Agricultural University, China
Li Yaling, College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, China
Zhu Songming, College of Biosystems Engineering & Food Science, Zhejiang University, China
Zhou Changji, Institute of Facility Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering, China
ITCSS Section Editors
Huihui Zhang, USDA- Agricultural Research Service, United States
Wenjiang Huang, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
Chenghai Yang, PhD, Agricultural Engineer U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agricultural Research Service (ARS)
Sun Yurui, China Agricultural University, China
ITCSS Associate Editors

Wu Jian, College of Biosystems Engineering & Food Science, Zhejiang University, China
Hong Tiansheng, College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, China
Li Minzan, China Agricultural University, China
Mao Hanping, Jiangsu University, China
Huang Wenjiang, National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, China
Jiannong Xin, University of Florida, United States
REMS Section Editors

Paul Chen, University of Minnesota, United States
Caixia Wan, United States
Hanwu Lei, Washington State University, United States
Yebo Li, Department of Food, Agricultural, and Biological Engineering, Ohio State University, United States
Álvaro Ramírez-Gómez, Technical University of Madrid, Spain
Guangnan Chen, National Centre for Engineering in Agriculture, University of Southern Queensland, Australia
REMS Associate Editors

Li Ming, Yunnan Normal University, China
Zhu Hongguang, Modern Agricultural Science & Engineering Institute, Tongji University, China
Yi Weiming, PhD,School of Light Industry & Agricultural Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, China
Lijun Wang, North Carolina A&T State University, United States
Jiele Xu, North Carolina State University, United States
States
Zhang Quanguo, College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, China
Gibbons R William, Department of Biology & Microbiology, South Dakota State University, United States
Gonzalez L Jos, South Dakota State University, United States
Bang S. Sookie, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, United States
Yi-Heng Percival Zhang, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, United States
AFPS Section Editors

Soojin Jun, University of Hawaii, United States
Jianmei Yu, North Carolina A&T State University, United States
Shaojin Wang, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, United States
Wang Jun, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, China
Peng Yankun, China Agricultural University, China
Zheng Xianzhe, Engineering College, Northeast Agricultural University, China
AFPS Associate Editors

Ma Haile, School of Food & Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, China
Han Lujia, Engineering College, China Agricultural University, China
Guoping Lian, Unilever Research Colworth, United Kingdom
Xiaofei Ye, The University of Tennessee, United States
Qixin Zhong, University of Tennessee, United States
Wade Yang, Alabama A&M University, United States
Yifen Wang, Biosystems Engineering Department, Auburn University, United States
Donghai Wang, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Kansas State University, United States
Zhongli Pan, PhD, Prof., President of AOC, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
Hao Feng, Department of Food Science, University of Illinois, United States
Lihan Huang, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, United States
Haiqiang Chen, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, United States
Lin Hetong, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, China
Editorial Staff
Wang Yingkuan, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering, Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, China
Zhuojing Wu, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering, China
Shi Xiuhuan, Chinese Academy of Agricutural Engineering, China
Rabi G. Rasaily, Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Nepal
Lingyan Zhang, Part-time editor, China National Agrilcultural Development Group Corporation, China
Guest Head Editor

A/Prof. Thomas M Banhazi, University of South Queensland, Australia

MOST-CITED Username
Password
Home > About the Journal > People
Remember me
People Login
JOURNAL CONTENT
Honorary Chairman Search
William Bill Joseph Chancellor, Member of National Academy of Engineering, University of California, Davis, United
States Search Scope
All
Wang Maohua, Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, Member of International Eurasian Academy of Search
Sciences, Prof., China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
Browse
Jaw-Kai Wang, PhD, Prof., Member of National Academy of Engineering, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA,
By Issue
United States By Author
By Title
Jiang Yiyuan, Prof., Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin,
China, China
DONATIONS
Li Peicheng, Prof., Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, Chang, China
Chenghai Yang, PhD, Agricultural Engineer U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agricultural Research Service (ARS) FONT SIZE
Bill A. Stout, Emeritus Prof. of Texas A &M University, Honorary President of CIGR, College Station, TX, United States
INFORMATION
Tao Dinglai, Prof., Founder of the CAAE & CSAE, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering, Beijing, China, China
For Readers
For Authors
For Librarians
Journal Help
MOST-CITED Username
Password
Remember me
People Login
JOURNAL CONTENT
Chairmen Search
Roger Ruan, PhD, Prof., Director, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
Search Scope
Zhu Ming (Standing), Prof., President of CSAE, President, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering, Beijing, China All
Search
Browse
By Issue
By Author
By Title
DONATIONS
FONT SIZE
INFORMATION
For Readers
For Authors
For Librarians
Journal Help
MOST-CITED Username
Password
Remember me
People Login
JOURNAL CONTENT
Vice-Chairmen Search
Cao Weixing, PhD, Prof., Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China

Search Scope
Da-Wen Sun, PhD, Prof., CIGR President, Member of Royal Irish Academy, Member of Academia Europaea, National All
University of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland Search
Fu Zetian, PhD, Prof., Vice-President of CSAE, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China Browse
By Issue
Juming Tang, PhD, Prof., Former President of AOC, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States By Author
By Title
Kang Shaozhong, PhD, Prof., Academician of the CAE, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
Luo Xiwen, Prof., Vice-President of CSAE, Academician of the CAE, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou,
DONATIONS
China
Naiqian Zhang, PhD, Prof., Former President of AOC, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States FONT SIZE
Qiang Zhang, PhD, Former President of AOC, Prof. and Head of Biosystems Engineering Department, University of
Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
INFORMATION
For Readers
Xiusheng (Harrison) Yang, PhD, Prof, Former President of AOC, President of ACAAS, University of Connecticut, Storrs, For Authors
United States For Librarians
Ying Yibin, PhD, Prof., Executive Dean, College of Biosystems Engineering & Food Science, Zhejiang University,
Hangzhou, China Journal Help
Yuan Shouqi, PhD, Prof., President, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
Zhao Chunjiang, PhD, Prof., Director, National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture,
Beijing, China
Yubin Lan, PhD, Agricultural Engineer, Former President of AOC, USDA-ARS-SPARC, Adjunct Professor of Texas A&M
University-College Station, TX, United States
Zhongli Pan, PhD, Prof., President of AOC, University of California, Davis, CA, United States

MOST-CITED Username
Password
Remember me
People Login
JOURNAL CONTENT
Journal Manager Search
Search Scope
Paul Chen, University of Minnesota, United States All
Search
Browse
By Issue
By Author
By Title
DONATIONS
FONT SIZE
INFORMATION
For Readers
For Authors
For Librarians
Journal Help
MOST-CITED Username
Password
Remember me
People Login
JOURNAL CONTENT
Editorial Board Members Search
A. Alexandrou, California State University - Fresno, Dept. of Plant Science, United States
Search Scope
Vilas M. Salokhe, Kaziranga University, India All
Search
Lingjuan W. Wang-Li, North Carolina State University, United States
Browse
Xiaomei Li, XY Green Carbon, Canada
By Issue
By Author
Prof. Dr. Said Elshahat Abdallah, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt By Title
Guoqiang Zhang, Department of Biosystems Engineering, Aarhus University, Denmark

DONATIONS
Milan Martinov, University of Novi Sad,
Youngjung Kim, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Korea, Republic of FONT SIZE
Ravindra Naik, Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, India
Jianmei Yu, North Carolina A&T State University, United States

INFORMATION
Edward T. Huang, California Institute of Environmental Design & Management, United States For Readers
For Authors
Jacek Dach, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland For Librarians
Reginald S. Fletcher, USDA-ARS, Integrated Farming & Natural Resources Research Unit, United States
Journal Help
Ge Zhenyang, Kunming University of Science and Technology, China
Ji Shiming, Zhejiang University of Technology, China
He Xinlin, Shihezi University, China
Zou Xiaobo, Jiangsu University, China
Du Ruicheng, Shandong University of Technology, China
Zhang Wei, College of Engineering, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, China
Chen Haitao, Northeast Agricultural University, China
Wei Xiuju, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering, China
Yang Gongming, South China Agricultural University, China
Yang Xinting, National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, China
Dr., Prof. Zhou Yang, South China Agricultural University, China
Cao Weibin, Shihezi University, China
Yi Shujuan, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, China
Yun Wenju, Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Center of Land and Resources Ministry, China
Zhou Fujun, Northeast Agricultural University, China
Zhou Xinqun, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering, China
Hulya Atil, Ege University, Turkey
Enchen Jiang, South China Agricultural University, China
Iris Xiaohong Xu, Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Windsor, Canada
R S Prasad, Punjab Engineering College, India
Gabriela Teodorescu, Valahia University of Targoviste, Romania
H. Erdal Ozkan, Ohio State University, United States
Mohammed Elfaki Mozib, University of Sana, Yemen
Dr. Michael W. Van Liew, None, United States
Baptista Fatima Folgoa, Department of Rural Engineering, University of Evora, Portugal
Mathias Schick, Research Station ART, Switzerland
Balram Panigrahi, Orissa University of Agriculture & Technology, India
Franis Gemtos, University of Thessaly, Greece
Tridib Kumar Goswami, Indian Institute of Technology, India
Manoj K. Jha, Civil Engineering Department, North Carolina A&T University, United States
Oleg S. Marchenko, All-Russia Research Institute for Mechanization in Agriculture (VIM), Russian Federation
Angelito V. Angeles, Central Luzon State University, Philippines
John Hampton, Lincoln University, New Zealand
Shreemat Shrestha, Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Nepal
Olarewaju Akinola Johnson, School of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia

Hans W. Griepentrog, University of Hohenheim, Germany
Zhen He, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, United States
Markku Jarvenpaa, MTT Agrifood Research Finland, Finland
Claus Gron Sorensen, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aarhus University, Denmark
Xueming Yang, Greenhouse and Processing Crops Research Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Canada
Desa Ahmad, UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA, Malaysia
R K Panda, Indian Institute of Technology, India
Jian Yu, University of Hawaii, United States
Gabor Zsivanovits, Food Research and Development Institute (Former CANRI) of Plovdiv, Bulgaria
Rodrigo Lilla Manzione, Universidade Estadual Paulista/Ourinhos, Brazil
Jan C Jofriet, School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Canada
Luiz Henrique Luiz Henrique A Rodrigues, School of Agricultural Engineering (FEAGRI) University of Campinas
(UNICAMP), Brazil
Lope G. Tabil, University of Saskatchewan, Canada
Zhuping Sheng, Texas A&M University, United States
David Tinker, European Society of Agricultural Engineers, United Kingdom
William Bill Joseph Chancellor, Member of National Academy of Engineering, University of California, Davis, United
States
Yecong Li, Sapphire Energy, Inc., United States
Peeyush Soni, Asian Institute of Technology, Thailand
Kyle R. Douglas-Mankin, Kansas State University, United States
Simon Blackmore, Harper Adams University College, United Kingdom
Chenxu Yu, Iowa State University, United States
Jiele Xu, North Carolina State University, United States
Yunus Pinar, University of Ondokuz Mayis, Turkey
Lazar Savin, University of Novi Sad,
Afam I O Jideani, University of Venda, South Africa
William S. Kisaalita, University of Georgia, United States
Seth I Manuwa, Federal University of Technology, Nigeria
Ziyu Wang, American Process Inc., United States
Mukand Singh Babel, Climate Change Asia at AIT (CCA@AIT) Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), Thailand
Ladislav Nozdrovicky, Slovak University of Agriculture, Slovakia
Manuel R Reyes, North Carolina A&T State University, United States
Antonio Brasa Ramos, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain
Jacek Przybyl, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland
Chua Kian Jon Ernest, National University of Singapore, Singapore
Álvaro Ramírez-Gómez, Technical University of Madrid, Spain
Dr. Victor B Ella, University of the Philippines Los Banos, Philippines
Hamish Gow, Massey University, New Zealand
Jeremy Harbinson, University of Wageningen, Netherlands
Eldert J. van Henten, Farm Technology Group, Wageningen UR, & Wageningen UR Greenhouse Horticulture,
Netherlands
Ruplal Choudhary, Southern Illinois University, United States
Dr Heiner Lehr, Syntesa ApS, Spain
Seung-Jin Maeng, Chungbuk National University, Korea, Republic of
In-Hwan Oh, Konkuk University, Korea, Republic of
Chung Sun-Ok, Chungnam National University, Korea, Republic of
Bassam Snobar, University of Jordan, Jordan
Prof. Taha M. Rababah, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan
Wang Xiulun, Mie University, Japan
Ultan Mc Carthy, University College Dublin, Ireland
N. Kapilan, Nagarjuna College of Engineering and Technology, India
M N Dabhi, Junagadh Agricultural University, India
Di Wu, University College Dublin, Ireland
Noboru Noguchi, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Japan
Jun Abe, School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Japan
Hiroaki SOMURA, Shimane University, Japan
Ing. Henning J. Meyer, Technische Universitat Berlin, Germany
Nicholas Kyei-Baffour, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana

B K Kumbhar, GB Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, India
Samy Badr Khadr, Zanzibar Joint Farm, Egypt
K N Tiwari, Indian Institute of Technology, India
BEE Mohamed H Hatem, Cairo University, Egypt
Hannu E. S. Haapala, Seinajoki University of Applied Sciences, Finland
Prof. Wu Chuanyu, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, China
Jiri Blahovec, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Czech Republic
Mahmoud Hany Ramadan, Al-Mansoura University, Egypt
Gao Haiyan, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Chen Jianneng, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, China
Wu Huarui, National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, China
Liu Yande, East China Jiaotong University, China
Li Hongwen, China Agricultural University, China
Xu Guangyin, Henan Agricultural University, China
Wu Caicong, Institute of Remote Sensing and GIS, Peking University, China
Li Baoming, China Agricultural University, China
Li Pingping, Nanjing Forestry University, China
Dong Renjie, China Agricultural University, China
Ye Xingqian, Zhejiang University, China
Liu Donghong, Zhejiang University, China
Allen (Jack) McHugh, National Centre for Engineering in Agriculture, University of Southern Queensland, Australia
Wang Chun, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, China
Sun Yurui, China Agricultural University, China
Li Dong, China Agricultural University, China
Peng Yankun, China Agricultural University, China
Zeng Dechao, China Agricultural University, China
Bingcheng Si, University of Saskatchewan, Canada
Huiqing Guo, University of Saskatchewan, Canada
Li Shaowen, Anhui Agricultural University, China
Jun Zhu, University of Minnesota, United States
Xiying Hao, Agricultural and Agri-Food Canada, Canada
A/Prof. Thomas M Banhazi, University of South Queensland, Australia
Deli Chen, The University of Melbourne, Australia
Mauro Greppi, Istituto di Idraulica Agraria, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Italy
Daniele De Wrachien, Universit, Italy
Stefano Mambretti, Politecnico of Milan, Italy
Tadeusz Pawlowski, Industrial institute of Agricultural Engineering, Poland
Jiqin Ni, Purdue University, United States
Yigang Sun, University of Illinois, United States
Xinlei Wang, University of Illinois, United States
Hongwei Xin, Iowa State University, United States
Shuangning Xiu, North Carolina A&T State University, United States
Lingying Zhao, The Ohio State University, United States
Jiannong Xin, University of Florida, United States
Jukka Rintala, MTT Agrifood Research, Finland
Jing Liu, Lund University, Sweden
Enrique Molto, Valencian Institute of Agricultural Research, Spain
Josse De Baerdemaeker, Department of Agro-Engineering and -Economics, Belgium
Nick Sigrimis, Agricultural University of Athens, Greece
Seonggu Hong, Hankyong National University, Korea, Republic of
In-Bok Lee, College of Agricultural & Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Korea, Republic of
Wang Xiangyou, Shandong University of Technology, China
Athapol Noomhorm, Asian Institute of Technology, Thailand
Zhang Xianfeng, Institute of Remote Sensing and GIS, Peking University, China
Bo Mattiasson, Department of Biotechnology, Lund University, Sweden
Myongsoo Chung, Department of Food Science, Ehwa Women's University, Korea, Republic of
Petter Hieronymus Heyerdahl, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Norway
Rajvir Yadav, Junagadh Agricultural University, India
Guangnan Chen, National Centre for Engineering in Agriculture, University of Southern Queensland, Australia
Liang Wang, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, China
Antonio Saraiva, University of Sao Paulo-Polytechnic School, Brazil
Neil McLaughlin, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
Stavros G.Vougioukas, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Agricultural Engineering Laboratory, Greece
Victoria Blanes-Vidal, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
Roger Martin-Clouaire, Institut National de la Recherche Agrono, France
Tadeusz Kuczynski, University of Zielona Gora, Poland
Peter Groot Koerkamp, Wageningen University, Netherlands
Vladislav Minin, the Russian Academy of Agricultural Science, Russian Federation
Akbar Arabhosseini, University of Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of
Ma Xiaoyi, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, China
Andreas Herbst, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Germany
Arason Sigurj, Department of Food Science, University of Iceland, Iceland
Bang S. Sookie, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, United States
Chen Jian, College of Engineering, Southwest University, China
Huang Guanhua, China Agricultural University, China
Zhao Lixin, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering, China
Ji Changying, College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, China
Ding Weimin, Nanjing Agricultural University, China
Dong Changsheng, Shanxi Agricultural University, China
Donghai Wang, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Kansas State University, United States
E. John Stevens, The New Zealand & Australia Branch of IAMFE, New Zealand
Keith Weatherhead, Cranfield University, United Kingdom
Guoping Lian, Unilever Research Colworth, United Kingdom
He Xiongkui, College of Science, China Agricultural University, China
Hong Tiansheng, College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, China
Isaac Shainberg, Agricultural Research Organization, Israel
Li Chenghua, Shenyang Ligong University, China
Li Ming, Yunnan Normal University, China
Lin Hetong, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, China
Peter Schulze-Lammers, Institut for Landtechnik, University of Bonn, Germany
Ruth Ben-Arie, Israel Fruit Growers Association, Israel
Shuqi Shang, Qingdao Agricultural University, China
Luo Weihong, College of Agronomy, Nanjing Agricultural University, China
Thomas Jungbluth, University of Hohenheim, Germany
Wang Quanjiu, Xi'an University of Technology, China
States
Ren Tusheng, China Agricultural University, China
Liu Tingxi, Inner Mogolia Agricultural University, China
Li Changyou, Inner Mogolia Agricultural University, China
Li Tianlai, Shenyang Agricultural University, China
Yao-Wen Huang, Department of Food Science and Technology, The University of Georgia, United States
Wang Chunguang, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, China
Yi Liang, College of Engineering, University of Arkansas, United States
Ying Chen, Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Manitoba, Canada
Yi-Heng Percival Zhang, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, United States
Yue Tianli, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, China
Heather McNarin, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Canada
Nicolas Tremblay, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Canada
Haiqiang Chen, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, United States
Li Wenzhe, Engineering College, Northeast Agricultural University, China
Lijun Wang, North Carolina A&T State University, United States
Wei Gao, University of Colorado, United States
Patricia Bresnahan, University of Connecticut, United States
Glenn Warner, University of Connecticut, United States
Shulin Chen, Washington State University, United States

Dr. Shufeng Han, United States
Yang Qinghua, Zhejiang University of Technology, China
Yuzhou Luo, University of California at Davis, United States
Hao Feng, Department of Food Science, University of Illinois, United States
Lihan Huang, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, United States
Li Minzan, China Agricultural University, China
Joachim M, Institute for Agricultural Engineering, University of Hohenheim, Germany
Liao Qingxi, Huazhong Agricultural University, China
Prof. Wang Jinwu, Northeast Agricultural University, China
Shao Ming'an, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
Guo Yuming, Shanxi Agricultural University, China
Xiaofei Ye, The University of Tennessee, United States
Qixin Zhong, University of Tennessee, United States
Wade Yang, Alabama A&M University, United States
Mao Hanping, Jiangsu University, China
Gonzalez L Jos, South Dakota State University, United States
Yeqiao Wang, CELS-NRS Coastal Institute In Kingston, United States
Sun Songlin, Hunan Agricultural University, China
Ying Zhang, Northeast Agricultural University, China
Yifen Wang, Biosystems Engineering Department, Auburn University, United States
Ma Haile, School of Food & Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, China
Xuejun Pan, Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States
Gibbons R William, Department of Biology & Microbiology, South Dakota State University, United States
Lei Tingwu, College of Water Conservancy & Civil Engineering, China Agricutural University, China
Fu Qiang, College of Water Conservancy & Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, China
Liu Ronghou, Biomass Energy Engineering Research Centre, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
Yang Tao, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Maryland, United States
Han Lujia, Engineering College, China Agricultural University, China
Wang Jihua, National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, China
Huang Wenjiang, National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, China
Ou Yinggang, College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, China
Tong Jin, College of Biological & Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, China
Yuanhui Zhang, Dep of Agricultural & Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urban-Champaign, United States
Wang Jun, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, China
Zhang Dongxing, Engineering College, China Agricultural University, China
Zhang Guochen, Dalian Fisheries University, China
Zhang Quanguo, College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, China
Zhang Yalei, Modern Agricultural Science & Engineering Institute, Tongji University, China
Zheng Baodong, College of Food Science & Technology, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, China
Zhou Changji, Institute of Facility Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering, China
Zhou Zhili, Henan University of Science and Technology, China
Zhu Hongguang, Modern Agricultural Science & Engineering Institute, Tongji University, China
Zhu Songming, College of Biosystems Engineering & Food Science, Zhejiang University, China
Zhu Wenxue, Food and Bioengineering College,Henan University of Science and Technology, China

MOST-CITED Username
Password
Home > About the Journal > Journal Contact
Remember me
Journal Contact Login
JOURNAL CONTENT
Search
Mailing Address
No. 41, Maizidian Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100125, China Search Scope
All
Search
Principal Contact
Browse
Dr. Wang Yingkuan By Issue
Editor-in-Chief By Author
Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering By Title
No. 41, Maizidian Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100125, China
Phone: 86-10-59197090
Fax: 86-10-59197086 DONATIONS
Email: ijabe@sina.com
FONT SIZE
Support Contact
Dr. Wang Yingkuan
INFORMATION
Phone: 86-10-59197088
Email: ijabe@ijabe.org For Readers
For Authors
For Librarians

Journal Help
MOST-CITED Username
Password
Home > Archives > Vol 14, No 3 (2021)
Remember me
Vol 14, No 3 (2021) Login
IJABE JOURNAL CONTENT

Search
Table of Contents Search Scope

All
Overview Articles Search
Review of electro-hydraulic hitch system control method of automated tractors PDF Browse
Ling Wang, Yu Wang, Dong Dai, Xin Wang, Shumao Wang 1-11 By Issue
By Author
By Title
Applied Science, Engineering and Technology
Bionic design and performance test of maize grain cleaning screen through earthworm motion PDF DONATIONS
characteristics 12-21
Lijun Wang, Yongtao Yu, Shuai Zhang, Xin Feng, Lianglai Song
FONT SIZE
Biomimetic earthworm dynamic soil looser for improving soybean emergence rate in cold and PDF
arid regions 22-31
Jiale Zhao, Xiaogeng Wang, Yun Lu, Yanpeng Wei, Mingzhuo Guo, Jun Fu
INFORMATION
Dynamic spreading characteristics of droplet impinging soybean leaves PDF
For Readers
He Li, Xiaoxiao Niu, Li Ding, Ali Shahid Tahir, Changle Guo, Jiajun Chai, Kaifei Zhang, 32-45
For Authors
Shangshang Cheng, Yiqiu Zhao, Yahui Zhang, Yigao Xu, Zengqiang Shang For Librarians
Distribution regularity of downwash airflow under rotors of agricultural UAV for plant protection PDF
Xin Liu, Wei Zhang, Haiba Fu, Xiaoming Fu, Liqiang Qi 46-57 Journal Help
Non-intrusive flowrate measurement and monitoring system of plant-protection unmanned PDF

aircraft systems based on pump voice analysis 58-65
Yang Xu, Xinyu Xue, Zhu Sun, Wei Gu
Animal, Plant and Facility Systems

Modeling and simulation of temperature control system in plant factory using energy balance PDF
Mingqiu Zhang, Wei Zhang, Xiaoyu Chen, Fei Wang, Hui Wang, Jisheng Zhang, Linhui Liu 66-75
Changes in photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence in two soybean (Glycine max) varieties PDF
under NaCl stress 76-82
Bin Luo, Cheng Wang, Xiaodong Wang, Han Zhang, Yanan Zhou, Wensen Wang, Peng Song
Power and Machinery Systems

Optimization of operating parameters of seeding device in plot drill with seeding control system PDF
Xiupei Cheng, Hongwen Li, Jin He, Qingjie Wang, Caiyun Lu, Yingbo Wang, Chao Wang, 83-91
Chunlei Wang, Shangyi Lou
Migration law of flax threshing materials in double channel air-and-screen separating cleaner PDF
Fei Dai, Xuefeng Song, Ruijie Shi, Wuyun Zhao, Wenjuan Guo, Yang Zhang 92-102
Optimization and experiment on key structural parameters of no-tillage planter with straw- PDF
smashing and strip-mulching 103-111
Yinyan Shi, Xiaochan Wang, Zhichao Hu, Fengwei Gu, Feng Wu, Youqing Chen
Design and test of post-seat weeding machine for paddy PDF

Liang Tian, Chengmao Cao, Kuan Qin, Liangfei Fang, Jun Ge 112-122
Operation analysis and parameter optimization of drum type soil-covering device PDF
Hongzhen Xu, Dongyang Tian, Jiaodi Liu, Zhenhua Niu, Qiang Li 123-129
Furrow design for improving crop establishment of two-wheel tractor operated strip tillage PDF
planters in loam and clay loam soils 130-139
M. Arshadul Hoque, M. M. Hossain, A. T. M. Ziauddin, Timothy J. Krupnik, Mahesh K. Gathala
Natural Resources and Environmental Systems

Changes in soil temperature and water content under mobile soil steam disinfection PDF
Zhenjie Yang, Xiaochan Wang, Muhammad Ameen 140-147
Dynamics of physiological characteristics and dry matter accumulation under rain-water PDF
storage irrigation 148-155
Yuanyuan Li, Xiaohou Shao, Yanbin Li, Menghua Xiao
Simulating advance distance in border irrigation systems based on the improved method of PDF
characteristics 156-162
Kaihua Liu, Xiyun Jiao, Weihua Guo, Mohamed Khaled Salahou, Zhe Gu
Information Technology, Sensors and Control Systems

Non-uniform clustering routing protocol of wheat farmland based on effective energy PDF
consumption 163-170
Yisheng Miao, Chunjiang Zhao, Huarui Wu
Optimization method for accurate positioning seeding based on sowing decision PDF
Xueguan Zhao, Liping Chen, Yuanyuan Gao, Shuo Yang, Changyuan Zhai 171-180
Nitrogen content diagnosis of apple trees canopies using hyperspectral reflectance combined PDF
with PLS variable extraction and extreme learning machine 181-188
Shaomin Chen, Lihui Ma, Tiantian Hu, Lihua Luo, Qiong He, Shaowu Zhang
Rapid, simple, low-cost smartphone-based fluorescence detection of Escherichia coli PDF

Dante Rojas-Barboza, Edward Park, Rolfe Sassenfeld, Jeremy Winder, Geoffrey B. Smith, 189-193
Delia Valles-Rosalles, Efren Delgado, Young Ho Park
Low-cost experimental application of real-time kinematic positioning for increasing the benefits PDF
in cereal crops 194-199
Abdelhamid Tayebi, Josefa Gómez, Marián Fernández, Francisco Sáez de Adana, Oscar
Gutiérrez
Nondestructive determination of GABA in germinated brown rice with near infrared PDF
spectroscopy based on wavelet transform denoising 200-206
Qiang Zhang, Nian Liu, Shuangshuang Wang, Leiqing Pan
Spectroscopic measurement approaches in evaluation of dry rubber content of cup lump rubber PDF
using machine learning techniques 207-213
Amorndej Puttipipatkajorn, Amornrit Puttipipatkajorn
Research Progress on Soil Moisture Sensor Technology: A Review

Limin Yu
Biosystems, Biological and Ecological Engineering

Influence of reservoir construction on surrounding vegetation cover PDF
Ping Liu, Xinrui Li, Ruikang Zhang, Mengrou Yao, Junfeng Chen, Yanrong Li, Xiangru Jia, 214-220
Yunfei Xing
Renewable Energy and Material Systems

Experimental research on optimization of compression molding process parameters of PDF
pineapple rind residue 221-227
Kunpeng Tian, Bin Zhang, Jicheng Huang, Haolu Liu, Cheng Shen, Xianwang Li, Qiaomin
Chen
Chitinase activity potential and identification of chitinolytic bacteria isolated of swimmer crab’s PDF
cell 228-231
Rieny Sulistijowati, . Sudin, Rita Marsuci Harmain
Agro-product and Food Processing Systems

Performance test and process parameter optimization of 9FF type square bale straw crusher PDF
Jie Zhang, Bin Feng, Lei Guo, Lingzhuo Kong, Chao Zhao, Xiuzhen Yu, Wenjie Luo, Za Kan 232-240
Combination of wound healing with 1-methylcyclopropene and wound detection by iodine PDF
solution to maintain the quality of sweet potato during long-term storage 241-246
Jixuan Cao, Pei Liu, Xuejiao Wang, Qingguo Wang, Jingying Shi
Prediction method for nutritional quality of Korla pear during storage PDF
Yang Liu, Qiang Zhang, Hao Niu, Hong Zhang, Haipeng Lan, Yong Zeng, Fuguo Jia 247-254
Rheological properties of peanut protein isolate aggregation suspension and acid-induced gel PDF
Zhigang Huang, Xueying Wang, Shangyi Chi, Zhe Hua, Chonghao Bi 255-260
Cover Captions
Optimization research on no-tillage planter from NAU and NIAM COVER
Welcome to publish with IJABE BACK COVER
Information
Fourth-term IJABE International Editorial Board PDF
Table of Contents 2021(3) TABLE OF

CONTENTS

MOST-CITED Username
Password
Home > Vol 14, No 3 (2021) > Sulistijowati
Remember me
Login
JOURNAL CONTENT
Chitinase activity potential and identification of chitinolytic bacteria Search
isolated of swimmer crab’s cell
Search Scope
Rieny Sulistijowati, . Sudin, Rita Marsuci Harmain
All
Search
Abstract
Browse
This study aimed at investigating the chitinase enzyme activity produced by chitinolytic bacteria from the skin of blue By Issue
By Author
swimmer crab (Portunus pelagicus) and identification of the genus isolate. This study consists of two stages: firstly, the
By Title
qualitative and quantitative activity of the chitinase enzyme; and secondly, biochemical identification of the bacteria.
The quantitative chitinase enzyme activity is measured using the UV-Vis spectrophotometer UV-Vis at the wavelength
at 660 nm. The chitinase enzyme is obtained from the isolation of chitinolytic bacteria cultured within a media to grow
solid chitin, which contains colloidal chitin substrate as chitinase inductor at the temperature of 30°C. The highest DONATIONS
chitinolytic activity is obtained from the 24 h supernatant culture, with a value of enzyme activity at 0.149 U/mL.
Macroscopic and microscopic identification showed that the chitinolytic bacteria isolate R1, whereas the biochemical cell
FONT SIZE
shows the characteristics of the genus Pseudomonas.
Keywords: biodegradable, chitinase, spectrophotometer, Portunus pelagicus, Pseudomonas
DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20211403.5273
Citation: Sulistijowati R, Sudin, Harmain R M. Chitinase activity potential and identification of chitinolytic bacteria INFORMATION
isolated of swimmer crab’s cell. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2021; 14(3): 228–231. For Readers
For Authors
For Librarians
Keywords
Journal Help
biodegradable, chitinase, spectrophotometer, Portunus pelagicus, Pseudomonas
Full Text:
PDF
References
[References]
Bhattacharya D, Nagpure A, Gupta K R. Bacterial chitinases: Properties and potential. Critical Reviews in
Biotechnology, 2008; 27(1): 21–28.
Younes I, Bellaaj O G, Nasri R, Chaabouni M, Rinaudo M, Nasri M. Chitin and chitosan preparation from shrimp shells
using optimized enzymatic deproteinization. Journal Process Chemistry, 2012; 47: 2032–2039.
Arbia W, Arbia L, Adour L, Amrane A. Chitin extraction from crustaceanshells using biological methods. A Review Food
Technol
Biotechnol, 2013; 51(1): 12–25.
Purkan P, Baktir A, Sayyidah A R. Production of chitinase enzyme from aspergillus niger utilizing the blue swimmer
crab’s waste as inducer/ Produksi enzim kitinase dari Aspergillus niger menggunakan limbah cangkang rajungan
sebagai induser. Journal Kimia Riset, 2016; 1(1): 34–38. (in Indonesian)
Oh Y S, Shih L, Tzeng Y M, Wang S L. Protease produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa K-187 and its application in the
deproteinization of shrimp and crab shell waste. Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 2000; 27(1-2): 3–10.
Homaei A, Lavajoo F, Sariri R. Development of marine biotechnology as a resource for novel proteases and their role in
modern biotechnology. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2016; 88: 542–552.
Sudin, Sulistijowati R, Harmain R M. Screening and growth pattern chitinolytic bacteria of blue swimmer crab’s cell/
Penapisan dan pola pertumbuhan bakteri kitinolitik dari cangkang rajungan. Jambura Fish Processing Journal, 2020;
2(1): 36–45. (in Indonesian)
Purkan P, Azizah B, Baktir A, Sumarsih S. Exploration of chitinolytic bacteria from organic waste: Isolation and
characterization of chitinase enzyme. Journal of Molecular, 2014; 9(2): 129–133.
Cappuccino J G, Sherman N. Microbiology a laboratory manual. Seven Edition. State University of New York, 2005;
143–203.
Aditi F Y, Rahman S S, Hossain M D M. A study on the microbiological status of mineral drinking water. The Open
Microbiology Journal 2017; 11: 31–34.
Patil R S, Ghormade V, Despande M V. Chitinolytic enzymes: An exploration. Journal Enzyme and Microbial Technology,
2000; 26: 473–483.
Fukamizo T. Chitinolytic enzyme: Catalysis, substrate binding, and their application. Journal Current Protein & Peptide
Science, 2000; 1(1): 105–124.
Orinda E, Puspita I D, Putra M P, Ustadi U, Lelana, I Y B. Chitinolytic enzyme activity of isolate SDI23 from petis and
the activity of its partially purified enzyme in different pH and temperature (Aktivitas enzim pendegradasi kitin dari
isolat SDI23 asal petis serta karakterisasi ph dan suhu dan aktivitas enzim hasil purivikasi parsial. Jurnal Perikanan). J.
Fish. Sci, 2015; 17(2): 96–102. (in Indonesian)
Zhu M M, He H J, Fan M T, Ma H J, Ren H W, Zeng J, et al. Application and optimization of solid-state fermentation
process for enhancing polygalacturonase production by Penicillium expansum. Int J Agri & Biol Eng, 2018; 11(6): 187–
194.
Setia I N, Suharjono. Chitinolytic assay and identification of bacteria Isolated from shrimp waste based on 16S rDNA
sequences. Advances in Microbiology, 2015; 5: 541–548.
Hemraj V, Dikhsa S, Afneet G. A review commonly used biochemical test for bacteria. Journal of Life Science, 2013;
1(1): 1–7.
Amano M M T, Enokimoto M, Yano T, Moe K K, Misawa N. Influence of pH of TSI medium on the detection of hydrogen
sulfide production by campylobacter hyointestinalis. Journal Compilation, 2007; 44: 544–549.
Cowan S C, Steel S. Manual for the identification of medical bacteria. Cambridge University Press Cambridge, London,
2003.
Wang S L, Chang W T. Purification and characterization of two bifunctional chitinases/lysozymes extracellularly
produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa K-187 in a shrimp and crab shell powder medium. Applied and Environmental
Microbiology, 1997: 63(2): 380–386.
Thomson S E, Smith M, Wilkinson M C, Peek K. Identification and characterization of chitinase antigen from
Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain 385. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2001; 67(9): 4001–4008.
Copyright (c) 2021 International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

228 May, 2021 Int J Agric & Biol Eng Open Access at https://www.ijabe.org Vol. 14 No. 3
Chitinase activity potential and identification of chitinolytic bacteria

isolated of swimmer crab’s cell
Rieny Sulistijowati*, Sudin, Rita Marsuci Harmain

(Department of Fishery Product Technology, Faculty of Fishery and Marine Science, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo,
Central City of Gorontalo, 96128, Indonesia)
Abstract: This study aimed at investigating the chitinase enzyme activity produced by chitinolytic bacteria from the skin of
blue swimmer crab (Portunus pelagicus) and identification of the genus isolate. This study consists of two stages: firstly, the
qualitative and quantitative activity of the chitinase enzyme; and secondly, biochemical identification of the bacteria. The
quantitative chitinase enzyme activity is measured using the UV-Vis spectrophotometer UV-Vis at the wavelength at 660 nm.
The chitinase enzyme is obtained from the isolation of chitinolytic bacteria cultured within a media to grow solid chitin, which
contains colloidal chitin substrate as chitinase inductor at the temperature of 30°C. The highest chitinolytic activity is
obtained from the 24 h supernatant culture, with a value of enzyme activity at 0.149 U/mL. Macroscopic and microscopic
identification showed that the chitinolytic bacteria isolate R1, whereas the biochemical cell shows the characteristics of the
genus Pseudomonas.
Keywords: biodegradable, chitinase, spectrophotometer, Portunus pelagicus, Pseudomonas
DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20211403.5273
Citation: Sulistijowati R, Sudin, Harmain R M. Chitinase activity potential and identification of chitinolytic bacteria isolated
of swimmer crab’s cell. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2021; 14(3): 228–231.
alkali, such as HCl and NaOH[2].

1 Introduction Arbia et al.[3] isolate chitinolytic bacteria to produce several
The earth chitin is among the most abundant biomass present. bacteria, one of which was Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria
Chitinase plays an important role in the decomposition of chitin isolated from crab’s cell. The production of chitinase enzyme
and potentially in the utilization of chitin as a renewable resource. from Aspergillus niger utilized the blue swimmer crab’s waste as
The implementation of biotechnology toward chitin, which keeps inducer[4]. Protease produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa K-187,
progressing, is the utilization of enzymes from microorganisms for the highest protease activity was as high as 21.2 U/mL, 10-fold that
biodegradation. In biodegradation, an enzyme derived from (2.2 U/mL) obtained before optimization[5]. In common with all
microorganisms breaks large molecule or chitin polymer into enzymes, external factors such as temperature, pH and type of
utilizable products. In general, types of an enzyme that degraded media are important for the activity, catalytic efficiency, stability
the chitin are chitinase enzyme[1]. and proper functioning of proteases[6]. Chitinase activity of
Microorganisms that degraded chitin, in general, are those isolates chitinolytic bacteria can degrade different chitins.
derived from bacteria group. Chitinase enzyme produced by The needs for the chitin derivatives are increasing. Thus,
chitinolytic bacteria has the potential to degrade chitin due to the researches on chitinase enzyme activity through the isolation of
existence of the chitinase enzyme, which enables the conversion of bacteria from the blue swimmer crab is needed. Two isolates
abundantly available chitin into usable products. The bacteria that chitinolytic bacteria from the skin of blue swimmer crab were
produce chitinase enzyme or chitinolytic bacteria can be found observed primarily in Katialada village of Kwandang sub-district of
within the habitat that contains a high level of chitin, such as in the North Gorontalo Regency, Gorontalo Province of Indonesia. The
cell of the blue swimmer crab. Blue swimmer crab’s cell results obtained from the purification process following 48 h
(Portunus pelagicus) can be obtained from the processing waste or incubation in the temperature of 30°C shows a clear zone that
fresh. Chitinase enzyme application can be informed of formed in the colony of the bacteria[7]. However, specific zones
enzymatic production of chitin. The chitin can be produced are only found in white and light brown-colored bacteria.
enzymatically and chemically. The enzymatic method uses Furthermore, these two isolates are macroscopically and
enzymes or bacteria for deproteinization by adding enzyme or by microscopically identified. The R1 isolate shows a white-colored
the involvement of chitinase to degrade chitin. Meanwhile, the colony; meanwhile, the R2 isolate shows a light brown-colored
chemical process is through demineralization by adding acid or colony. Meanwhile, from the shape/form and elevation of the
colony, there are no differences between isolates R1 and R2, both
Received date: 2019-12-25 Accepted date: 2020-06-29 colonies have a circular shape and convex elevation. The result of
Biographies: Sudin, Junior Scientist, research interest: marine biotechnology, gram staining in these two chitinolytic bacteria isolates R1 and R2
Email: sudynsultra@gmail.com; Rita Marsuci Harmain, Research Assistant, shows the gram-negative result. This is signified by changes of
research interest: marine microbiology, Email: rmarsuci@yahoo.com. color of these two isolates into the red after the gram staining.
*Corresponding author: Rieny Sulistijowati, Associate Professor, research
The study shows that CI 11 of the R1 isolate has the largest
interest: biotechnology process. Department of Fishery Product Technology,
Faculty of Fishery and Marine Science, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Indonesia, Chitinolytic Index by one, the chitinolytic index shows the ability
Central City of Gorontalo, Sudirman Street No. 06, Postal Code 96128. Tel: of the microbes to degrade chitin. The more enzyme produced,
+62-435-821125, Email: rienysulistijowati@ung.ac.id. the wider the clear zone produced as more chitin is degraded.
May, 2021 Sulistijowati R, et al. Chitinase activity potential and identification of chitinolytic bacteria isolated of swimmer crab’s cell Vol. 14 No.3 229
This is due to the type of bacteria growth pattern and enzyme to produce H2S which signified by the existence of black sediment
activity needs to be known to have a good degrading ability. was observed; Oxidation/fermentation (O/F) test was inoculating
Therefore, this study aimed at testing the produced chitinase the bacteria into the O/F medium, which incubated for 24 h in the
activity and identification chitinase producer bacteria of blue temperature of 30°C, then observe the ability of the bacteria to use
swimmer crab. carbohydrate through fermentation or oxidation; TSIA (triple sugar
iron agar) test was inoculating bacteria into TSIA media, which
2 Methods and materials incubated for 24-48 h in the temperature of 30°C, then the ability of
2.1 Station and laboratory the bacteria in fermenting glucose, lactose, and sucrose was
Isolate R1 was obtained from fresh blue swimmer crab’s cells observed; Indole test was inoculating bacteria into indole media,
which came from the crabs’ farmer in Katialada village of which incubated for 24 h in the temperature of 30°C, then the
Kwandang sub-district of North Gorontalo Regency, Gorontalo ability of bacteria in degrading the tryptophan amino acid in the
Province of Indonesia. The identification biochemical test of the medium was observed.
chitinolytic bacteria were carried out at the Fish Quarantine Station
3 Results and discussion
Laboratory Quality Control and Fisheries Product Security Class I
Gorontalo Province of Indonesia, and the chitinolytic bacteria 3.1 Quantitative activity of the chitinolytic bacteria enzyme
enzyme activity test are carried out at the Pharmaceutical The activity of the chitinolytic bacteria enzyme is essential to
Laboratory of Universitas Negeri Gorontalo. be known to find out the ability of the bacteria to produce the
2.2 Materials enzyme in 33 h with an interval of 3 h. As shown in Figure 1,
The tools used in this study were test tube, inoculum needle, there were several increasing and decreasing stages in chitinase
vortex, measuring cup, beaker glass, Erlenmeyer, centrifuge, activity. The first inclination happened during the incubation time
centrifuge tube, shaker, pH meter, micropipette, micro tip, stirrer, of 0 to 12 h. The second increase of the enzyme activity showed
magnetic stabilizer, petri dish, oven, crooked spoon, Bunsen lamp, that the substrate was starting to be hydrolyzed to produce the
incubator, laminar air, analytical scales, UV-vis spectrophotometer, chitinase enzyme. Hence, bacteria could digest nutrition. Patil
and microscope. et al.[11] found that bacteria produce extracellular chitinase to take
Materials used in this study were R1 isolated of blue swimmer on nutrition. Following this inclination, there is the first declining
crab’s cell, chitin, chitin colloidal (chitin, condensed HCl, NaOH, phase on the 15th to the 18th hour of incubation. The decrease of
distillate water), chitin agar (chitin colloidal, KH2PO4, this enzyme activity is due to other compounds (aside from N-Acetyl
MgSO4·7H2O, yeast extract, agar, distillate water), Luria broth glucosamine) that triggers the decrease of enzyme production.
(yeast extract, tryptone water, NaCl, distillate water), nutrient agar,
aluminum foil, alcohol, crystal violet, iodine solution, glucose,
sucrose, lactose, maltose, mannitol, triple sugar iron agar, motility
indole ornithine, oxidative/fermentative, methyl red-Voges
Proskauer, methyl-red, and sterile liquid paraffin.
2.3 Quantitative activity of chitinase enzyme test
One dose of inoculum was added into 100 mL of production
medium (similar composition to a solid medium, but without agar)
then incubated in the temperature of 30°C and centrifuged in the
speed of 170 r/min. Every three hours, 2 mL of cell culture was
sampled for 33 h. Then centrifuged in the temperature of 4°C using
Figure 1 Chitinase activity curve from Pseudomonas
10.000 r/min speed for 10 min, the formed supernatant was the raw
extract of chitinase enzyme. The absorbance is then measured This phenomenon is due to the existence of other chitin-degrading
using spectrophotometer UV/Vis in wavelength of 660 nm[8], the enzymes produced by the bacteria. Colloidal chitin also can be
sample was carried out twice repetitions. hydrolyzed by deacetylating chitin produced by chitosan and
2.4 Biochemical test chitosanase which produce chitobiose[12]. Following this
The biochemical test was carried out to identify and classify declining phase, the chitinase activity climbs up in the incubation
bacteria into their group of taxonomy. The principle of this time of the 21st hour to its highest chitinase activity can be obtained
biochemical test is that if the bacteria are cultured in several media, from the supernatant culture in the incubation of time of the 24th
the bacteria show macroscopic differences in their growth[9,10]. hour, which stated with the value of enzyme activity of 0.149 U/mL.
Carbohydrate fermentation test was to find out the bacteria’s ability One unit of chitinase enzyme activity is defined as several enzymes
in fermenting carbohydrate by preparing the carbohydrate broth needed to release 1 mmol NAG/min. This result is different from
which consists of glucose, sucrose, maltose, and mannitol; MR-VP the result of the enzymes activity test carried out by Purkan et al.[8]
(methyl red-Voges Proskauer) test was to inoculate bacteria into a who found that the highest enzyme activity was in the 18th hour of
medium, which incubated in the temperature of 30°C for 24 h by incubation time, which stated with the value of enzyme activity of
adding methyl red reagent and KOH, to observe the bacteria ability 0.3850 U/mL. Moreover the ability of the bacteria to produce
in producing the mix acid and acetylenes; Citrate test was chitinase highly varied. Factors such as different types of bacteria,
inoculating bacteria into a medium and incubated in the the growth rate of each isolate in the medium, temperature, pH or
temperature of 30°C for 24 h by adding bromothymol blue (BTB) laboratory treatment during the experiment can be factors that
reagent, then the ability of the bacteria to use citrate as the only influence variation in the produced enzyme activity[13,14].
source of carbon was observed; H2S test was to inoculate the Chitinase activity was 0.213 and 0.219 U/mL respectively of PBK 2
bacteria into sulfide indole motility (SIM) which incubated for and SA 1.2 isolates from shrimp waste. Based on 16S rDNA
24-48 h in the temperature of 30°C, then the ability of the bacteria sequences, isolate of PBK 2 was identified as Acinetobacter
230 May, 2021 Int J Agric & Biol Eng Open Access at https://www.ijabe.org Vol. 14 No. 3
johnsonii 3-1, whereas SA 1.2 was identified as Bacillus Table 1 Biochemical characteristics of chitinolytic bacteria
amyloliquefaciens GR53 with 99.78% similarity[15]. isolate R1
The rebound of enzyme activity shows that there is more of the No Test Results
substrate being hydrolyzed. The chitinase enzyme activity is
1 Glucose fermentation Negative
steadily increasing until it reaches optimum incubation time.
2 Sucrose fermentation Negative
Following the reach of this optimum incubation time, the enzyme
3 Lactose fermentation Negative
activity decreases due to the accumulation of hydrolyzed products,
4 Maltose fermentation Negative
which can further inhibit the enzyme activity. This is
5 Mannitol fermentation Negative
characterized by the decrease of enzyme activity on the incubation
6 Citrate use Negative
time of hour 27 to hour 33. The decrease of chitinase enzyme
7 Sulfide indole motility Negative
activity after the optimum incubation time is due to the changes in
8 Triple sugar iron agar Alkaline/Alkaline
the state of the enzyme ion and the state of substrate ion which
9 Methyl red reaction Negative
caused denaturation of enzyme which followed by the loose of
10 Voges Proskauer reaction Negative
enzyme catalytic activity[12]. Besides, there are also change in the
11 Indole production Negative
tertiary structure of the enzyme due to denaturation, which made
12 Oxidase/Fermentative action Negative
the hydrophobic amino acid group within the enzyme come into
contact with water, thus, the solubility of the enzyme weakens. Fermentation test in several types of carbohydrate (glucose,
The decrease of chitinase solubility causes a gradual decrease in maltose, sucrose, mannitol, lactose) shows that all fermentation
enzyme activity. reaction is negative. This is characterized by the unchanging red
Chitinolytic bacteria isolates showed unstable chitinase activity color of the carbohydrate media. When the color of the medium
(fluctuate). This may be due to the isolate that produces the in the carbohydrate test turns into yellow, it means that the colony
chitinase at the beginning of its growth[13]. In line with the forms acid from that carbohydrate[10].
utilization of nutrition for growth, it is also suspected that chitinase A citrate test was carried out to find out the ability of the
is also used by bacteria as a source of protein, thus its chitinase chitinolytic bacteria isolates to utilize citrate as the only source of
activity decreases. carbon and energy. When a microorganism can use citrate, there
The decrease of enzyme activity can also be caused by factors will be an increase of pH and change in the color of the media into
such as temperature, pH, substrate and biomass during treatment in blue color. In this study, the citrate test reveals that the chitinolytic
the laboratory. The temperature has two main influences on the bacteria cannot utilize citrate as the only source of carbon. This is
reaction and the denaturation. The influence of reaction toward the shown by the unchanging green color of the media, which means
enzyme is that the increase of temperature will accelerate the that the test result is negative. Positive test results in the citrate test
reaction process, while the decrease in the temperature will cause are shown when the color changes from green to blue[16].
the reaction to slow down. When the temperature reaches a certain Further, the H2S test result in SIM is negative. This negative
limit, it will cause denaturation. Besides, when the pH of the result is reached when microorganism has no ability to hydrolyzed
environment is too acid or base, enzyme denaturation can also heavy metal within the media. H2S is produced by several types
happen. Reaction speed catalyzed by the enzyme is highly of microorganisms, which can break or degrade amino acid within
influenced by substrate concentration. In the low level of the sulfur (S). The existence of H2S can be observed by adding
substrate concentration, reaction speed by catalyzed by the enzyme several crystals of heavy metals into the media.
can also be very low. In reverse, reaction speed will increase along The reaction observable in the TSIA test shows a red color,
with the increase of substrate concentrate up to certain points that is which means that there is no change of color in both vertical and
the maximum reaction speed limit. When this saturated point of slight agar. This indicates that the bacteria are unable to ferment
the enzyme has been reached, it will not function properly. Lastly, sugar. In the vertical agar if the bacteria can ferment glucose, the
the number of bacteria inoculum (biomass) inserted into the media color of the media will change from red to yellow[17]. Whereas in
also strongly influence the enzyme activity. slight agar, if the bacteria can ferment lactose and sucrose, the
3.2 Biochemical test color of the media will change into yellow, meanwhile, when there
The biochemical test toward the characteristics of chitinolytic is no fermentation process of lactose and sucrose, the color will not
bacteria was carried out by fermenting bacteria in the various change.
sources of nutrition as shown in Figure 2. The biochemical test Methyl red test also reveals a negative result. This is shown
result of chitinolytic bacteria is presented in Table 1. by the unchanging color of the media which does not change into
yellow even after the addition of methyl red reagent. The red
colour signifies the positive test result, and if the color of the broth
is yellow, then the result of the test is negative[16]. Similarly, the
Voges Proskauer test also shows a negative result. This is evident
after the addition of the KOH solution; the color does not change.
The Voges Proskauer test will be stated as positive when there is a
form of acid, which signifies by the changes of medium color into
pink after the KOH solution is added. Meanwhile, the indole test
also shows a negative result. This result is obtained after the
reagent Kovac is added, which signify by the formation of a yellow
ring. The existence of indole is detected by Kovac reagent and the
Figure 2 Isolate R1 (10×100 magnification) formation of a red ring.
May, 2021 Sulistijowati R, et al. Chitinase activity potential and identification of chitinolytic bacteria isolated of swimmer crab’s cell Vol. 14 No.3 231
The objective of the oxidizing fermentative test is to find out Biotechnol, 2013; 51(1): 12–25.
the oxidation and fermentation characteristics of bacteria toward [4] Purkan P, Baktir A, Sayyidah A R. Production of chitinase enzyme from
aspergillus niger utilizing the blue swimmer crab’s waste as inducer/
glucose. Based on the result of the study on the O/F test, it does Produksi enzim kitinase dari Aspergillus niger menggunakan limbah
not show either oxidation or fermentation. This is evident when cangkang rajungan sebagai induser. Journal Kimia Riset, 2016; 1(1):
the media, either without liquid paraffin or without paraffin at all, 34–38. (in Indonesian)
do not change color. Bacteria are said to be fermentative when [5] Oh Y S, Shih L, Tzeng Y M, Wang S L. Protease produced by
Pseudomonas aeruginosa K-187 and its application in the deproteinization
both inoculated media change color into yellow. Bacteria are
of shrimp and crab shell waste. Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 2000;
oxidative when tube sealed with no paraffin changes color into 27(1-2): 3–10.
yellow and the tube sealed with paraffin does not change color[18]. [6] Homaei A, Lavajoo F, Sariri R. Development of marine biotechnology as
The morphology test result (macroscopic and microscopic tests) a resource for novel proteases and their role in modern biotechnology.
of chitinolytic bacteria have bar cell and gram-negative[9]. The International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2016; 88: 542–552.
[7] Sudin, Sulistijowati R, Harmain R M. Screening and growth pattern
biochemical test of the chitinolytic bacteria consists of chitinolytic bacteria of blue swimmer crab’s cell/ Penapisan dan pola
carbohydrate, citrate, sulfide indole motility, triple sugar iron agar, pertumbuhan bakteri kitinolitik dari cangkang rajungan. Jambura Fish
MR-VP, indole and O/F test should obtain negative results as Processing Journal, 2020; 2(1): 36–45. (in Indonesian)
indicators of a genus of Pseudomonas. Several studies to [8] Purkan P, Azizah B, Baktir A, Sumarsih S. Exploration of chitinolytic
bacteria from organic waste: Isolation and characterization of chitinase
determine chitinolytic bacteria from the genus of Pseudomonas[4]
enzyme. Journal of Molecular, 2014; 9(2): 129–133.
that utilized blue swimmer crab’s waste as an inducer to the [9] Cappuccino J G, Sherman N. Microbiology a laboratory manual. Seven
production of chitinase enzyme from Aspergillus niger. A study Edition. State University of New York, 2005; 143–203.
by Arbia et al.[3] isolated chitinolytic bacteria to produce several [10] Aditi F Y, Rahman S S, Hossain M D M. A study on the microbiological
status of mineral drinking water. The Open Microbiology Journal 2017;
bacteria, one of which was Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria
11: 31–34.
isolated from crab’s cell. Genus Pseudomonas generally has bar [11] Patil R S, Ghormade V, Despande M V. Chitinolytic enzymes: An
cell shape and gram-negative. A study by Wang et al.[19] isolated exploration. Journal Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 2000; 26: 473–483.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa K-187 known produced two bifungtional [12] Fukamizo T. Chitinolytic enzyme: Catalysis, substrate binding, and their
chitinase and lysozyme. Thompson et al.[20] found that application. Journal Current Protein & Peptide Science, 2000; 1(1):
105–124.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain 385 produced chitinase antigen. [13] Orinda E, Puspita I D, Putra M P, Ustadi U, Lelana, I Y B. Chitinolytic
enzyme activity of isolate SDI23 from petis and the activity of its partially
4 Conclusions purified enzyme in different pH and temperature (Aktivitas enzim
pendegradasi kitin dari isolat SDI23 asal petis serta karakterisasi ph dan
This study concludes chitinolytic bacteria isolated from blue
suhu dan aktivitas enzim hasil purivikasi parsial. Jurnal Perikanan). J. Fish.
swimmer crab’s cell (Portunus pelagicus) genus of Pseudomonas. Sci, 2015; 17(2): 96–102. (in Indonesian)
The highest chitinase activity was obtained from the supernatant [14] Zhu M M, He H J, Fan M T, Ma H J, Ren H W, Zeng J, et al. Application
culture in the 24th hour, in which enzyme activity value was and optimization of solid-state fermentation process for enhancing
0.149 U/mL as a good potential to degradable chitin ability. polygalacturonase production by Penicillium expansum. Int J Agri & Biol
Eng, 2018; 11(6): 187–194.
[15] Setia I N, Suharjono. Chitinolytic assay and identification of bacteria
Acknowledgements Isolated from shrimp waste based on 16S rDNA sequences. Advances in
The authors would like to thank Fish Quarantine Station Microbiology, 2015; 5: 541–548.
[16] Hemraj V, Dikhsa S, Afneet G. A review commonly used biochemical test
Laboratory Quality Control and Fisheries Product Security Class I
for bacteria. Journal of Life Science, 2013; 1(1): 1–7.
Gorontalo Province of Indonesia, and Pharmaceutical Laboratory [17] Amano M M T, Enokimoto M, Yano T, Moe K K, Misawa N. Influence of
of Universitas Negeri Gorontalo support facility for this research. pH of TSI medium on the detection of hydrogen sulfide production by
campylobacter hyointestinalis. Journal Compilation, 2007; 44: 544–549.
[18] Cowan S C, Steel S. Manual for the identification of medical bacteria.
[References] Cambridge University Press Cambridge, London, 2003.
[1] Bhattacharya D, Nagpure A, Gupta K R. Bacterial chitinases: Properties [19] Wang S L, Chang W T. Purification and characterization of two
and potential. Critical Reviews in Biotechnology, 2008; 27(1): 21–28. bifunctional chitinases/lysozymes extracellularly produced by
[2] Younes I, Bellaaj O G, Nasri R, Chaabouni M, Rinaudo M, Nasri M. Chitin Pseudomonas aeruginosa K-187 in a shrimp and crab shell powder medium.
and chitosan preparation from shrimp shells using optimized enzymatic Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 1997: 63(2): 380–386.
deproteinization. Journal Process Chemistry, 2012; 47: 2032–2039. [20] Thomson S E, Smith M, Wilkinson M C, Peek K. Identification and
[3] Arbia W, Arbia L, Adour L, Amrane A. Chitin extraction from characterization of chitinase antigen from Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain
crustaceanshells using biological methods. A Review Food Technol 385. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2001; 67(9): 4001–4008.

Rieny Sulistijowati Chitinase Activity Potential and Identification of Chitinolytic Bacteria Isolated of Swimmer Crabs Cell

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Rieny Sulistijowati Chitinase Activity Potential and Identification of Chitinolytic Bacteria Isolated of Swimmer Crabs Cell

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

also developed by scimago: SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Home Journal Rankings Country Rankings Viz Tools Help About Us

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering

COUNTRY SUBJECT AREA AND PUBLISHER H-INDEX

PUBLICATION TYPE ISSN COVERAGE INFORMATION

Journals 19346344, 19346352 2008-2020 Homepage

How to publish in this

Join the conversation about this journal

Get PayPal for Business

We'll try Ads

Get PayPal for Business

FIND SIMILAR JOURNALS

54% 45% 43% 4

We'll try Ads

Customer Engagement Insights

The SJR is a size-independent prestige indicator that

S lf Cit 2008 0 1.2

Metrics based on Scopus® data as of April 2021

Editorial Policies Login

IJABE covers but is not limited to the following 10 technical disciplines:

1 Applied Science, Engineering and Technology (ASET)

Dr./Prof. Wang Yingkuan, Editor-in-chief

Open Submissions Indexed Peer Reviewed

Invited Review/Research Article

Open Submissions Indexed Peer Reviewed

Applied Science, Engineering and Technology

Open Submissions Indexed Peer Reviewed

Animal, Plant and Facility Systems

Open Submissions Indexed Peer Reviewed

Power and Machinery Systems

Open Submissions Indexed Peer Reviewed

Natural Resources and Environmental Systems

Information Technology, Sensors and Control Systems

Open Submissions Indexed Peer Reviewed

Biosystems, Biological and Ecological Engineering

Open Submissions Indexed Peer Reviewed

Renewable Energy and Material Systems

Open Submissions Indexed Peer Reviewed

Agro-product and Food Processing Systems

Open Submissions Indexed Peer Reviewed

Structures and Bio-environmental Engineering

Open Submissions Indexed Peer Reviewed

Safety, Health and Ergonomics

Open Submissions Indexed Peer Reviewed

Open Submissions Indexed Peer Reviewed

Open Submissions Indexed Peer Reviewed

Open Submissions Indexed Peer Reviewed

Special Column of Orchard Information System

Open Submissions Indexed Peer Reviewed

Open Submissions Indexed Peer Reviewed

Color Insert Pages

Open Submissions Indexed Peer Reviewed

Special Section of SWAT-related Submissions

Open Submissions Indexed Peer Reviewed

Open Submissions Indexed Peer Reviewed

Open Submissions Indexed Peer Reviewed

AUS SEAG 2013 Special Issue

Open Submissions Indexed Peer Reviewed

Open Submissions Indexed Peer Reviewed

Open Submissions Indexed Peer Reviewed

Peer Review Process

Material is original and timely

Honest and Polite