Chapter : 3

iii. Long questions answer.

1. Discuss the powers and functions of the chief minister ?
Ans : The powers and functions of a chief minister are given below :
 The chief minister is the real head of the state.
 He/ she supervises the work of the entire Council of Ministers.
 He / she presides over the meetings of the cabinet and the Council of
Ministers and communicates all decisions made to the Governor.
 He / she is responsible for for the success or failure of the government.
 Resignation by the Chief Minister is treated as the resignation of the
entire Council of Ministers.
Q2. How does the state legislature make laws?
Ans : The state legislature makes laws related to the state list given in our
Constitution. A money bill can be introduced only in Legislative Assembly.
When the bill is passed by both the Houses of the Legislature of the state , it is
sent to the governor for his assent to the bill. .

Chapter : 4

1 “Improvement in drinking water and sanitation can control many

communicable diseases”. Explain with examples.
Ans : Water and sanitation are essential for preserving our health. Poor quality
water raises a health risk. Similarly, a poor sanitation leads to epidemics by
fostering hazardous insects and worms. Polluted water can spread cholera,
malaria, jaundice, typhoid , diarrhoea , etc. Such diseases can be prevented if
everyone has access to safe drinking water. Examples: Every residence should
do daily checks of rooftops and other spots where water is stagnant. The
government should examine the quality of the water given regularly. Waste
disposal and sewage treatment should be closely monitored. People should be
made aware of the dangers of drinking and utilising contaminated water.
2. What are the positive aspects of health care in India? Explain.
Ans: India has the largest number of healthcare services
In the world consisting of 3 licensed medical practitioners per 10,000 of
population. Healthcare facilities have grown substantially over the years.
Primary Health Centre – the cornerstone of rural healthcare system, have
grown tremendously. The number of hospitals in India has grown from 2,717
in 1950 to 11,174 in 1991 and 18,218 in 2000. A large number of tourists come
for treatment in premier hospitals of India. Some of the hospitals are regarded
among the best in the world. India is the third largest producer of medicine in
the world and also a large exporter of medicines.

Chapter : 5
Q1. How do you think media creates public opinion? Explain.
Ans : Media creates the public opinion in the following way -
• The public cannot gather all the information about the
circumstances happening in their nation.
• In this case the media sources are the only medium for the
fact or news gathering procedure of the public.
• Depending on that gathered facts or news the public
create their own opinion about the things happening around
them.
In this way the media influences the public opinion in a huge
scale.
Q2. Why do you think media is a fourth pillar of democracy?
Explain.

Ans : Media is considered as the fourth pillar of democracy because it

provides information about the conditions and requirements of the
people in the country. Media is used to aware about various social,
political and economic activities, media is like a mirror to the world
which reflects the true and harsh realities of the world, as media is
being trusted by everyone and people always trust actual and honest
news.