PLUMBING TRADE PROJECT

TITLE: INSTALLATION OF COLD AND HOT WATER SYSTEM

PRESENTED BY: AJAA MOURINE

INDEX NO: 2191010072

SUPERVISOR: MR. MWANGI

INSTITUTION: MUKURWE-INI TECHNICAL TRAINING INSTITUTE

PRESENTED TO: KENYA NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL FOR

CERTIFICATE IN PLUMBING

SERIES: NOVEMBER 2022

DECLARATION
I declare that this trade project is my original work and has never been presented for award of
certificate in this or any other institution.

NAME: AJAA MOURINE

Signature ……………………………………………Date…………………..

This trade project has been submitted with my approval as the supervisor.

Name: MR. MWANGI

Signature …………………………………………………….Date: ………………………

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DEDICATION

I would like to dedicate this project to my entire family for their constant encouragement and
unceasing financial and moral support.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my sincere appreciation to my family for tirelessly guiding me in the
development of this trade project. My sincere appreciation goes to my supervisor for his
unlimited support, and guidance during the entire period of this project. Her opinions,
constructive criticism comments and suggestions greatly helped shaping this project to
completion. Finally, I thank God for His Grace in undertaking this project; I can only affirm that
“I can do everything through Christ who strengthens me”.

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TABLE OF CONTENT
DECLARATION......................................................................................................................................ii
ABSTRACT...........................................................................................................................................vi
CHAPTER ONE......................................................................................................................................1
1.0 INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................1
1.1 WHAT IS ENTAILED IN THE PROJECT..............................................................................2
1.2 AIMS OF THE PROJECT........................................................................................................2
1.3 RELATION TO ENVIRONMENT...........................................................................................2
1.4 NATIONAL AND LOCAL VIEW OF THE PROJECT...........................................................2
CHAPTER TWO.....................................................................................................................................4
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW..........................................................................................................4
CHAPTER THREE...................................................................................................................................5
3.0 METHODOLOGY....................................................................................................................5
3.1 Procedure of installing kitchen sink..........................................................................................5
3.2 MATERIAL USED...................................................................................................................6
3.3 TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT.....................................................................................................6
PLAN....................................................................................................................................................7
PLAN WITH APPLIANCES......................................................................................................................8
SECTION...............................................................................................................................................9
ISOMETRIC PIPE LAYOUT....................................................................................................................10
DRAINAGE..........................................................................................................................................11
MANHOLE SECTION............................................................................................................................12
CHAPTER FOUR..................................................................................................................................13
`4.0 DATA ANALYSIS.................................................................................................................13
PROGRAM OF ACTIVITIES......................................................................................................14
4.1 FINDINGS...............................................................................................................................15
4.2 CONCLUSION........................................................................................................................15
4.3 RECOMMENDATIONS.........................................................................................................15
APPENDICES.......................................................................................................................................16
APPENDIX I.................................................................................................................................16

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 BILL OF QUANTITY...............................................................................................................16

ABSTRACT
Chapter one of this project highlight aims of the project, relation to environment and a national

and local view of the project.

Chapter two puts across various researches on the literature review, critical details of the project

in relation to the past and in present day. It outlines the researches recommendation and

conclusion about the study.

Chapter three brings about a step by step procedure of actualizing my project till to the final step.

Chapter four shows various methods the researcher used in the process of collecting data.

Chapter five shows the calculation of data analysis and the pictorial view of the project.

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 CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Wash hand basin and kitchen sink entailed a great qualities that make them a good choice for

any restaurant. It is made from high impact material with a high steel finish making each

restaurant sink use, visually appealing and providing long lasting durability. Their look is

timeless and complements other porcelain appliances, they can be strong and durable but

quality construction is important in obtaining longevity and satisfactory performance. It is

also made of other materials like ceramic which has been alloyed or combined with

chromium and nickel that give it more beneficial properties that it would otherwise have on

its own.

Wash hand basin have taps (Faucets) that will supply hot and cold water. They also include a

drain to remove used water. Sink may also have an integrated soap dispenser, when a sink

become clogged, a person will often resort to using a drain cleaner or a plunger.

Wash hand basin is one of the highest utilisation rates of equipment in the restaurant. Many

people like it because it is easy to clean, light weight and corrosion resistance. Also ceramical

is the material of choice, where hygiene is of paramount importance.

Standards of a ceramical provide direction to manufacture in the respect to the expectations

of the products that they produce. Internationally accepted standards of ceramic to both the

manufacturer and the user by reducing the number of products of the same type that must be

produced. Standard of a ceramic may be developed by industry, non-profit organizations or

trade associations, as well as national or local bodies. Assessment conformity, by any name,

means that a product, service, material, system device or component has undergone testing to

ensure it meets the intended standard for such product material system device or component.

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1.1 WHAT IS ENTAILED IN THE PROJECT
For Wash hand basin, it is design to provide desired atmosphere to the restaurant. Wash hand

basin has to entail the following requirements for its effectiveness that is;

 The height should be 36 inches above the ground level

 The Wash hand basin should have a length of mm, width of mm.

 Most Wash hand basin are made of sanitary materials which are easily clean and self

In operation like porcelain, stainless and more.

1.2 AIMS OF THE PROJECT

The aim of the project is to provide high quality utensils washing and handwashing solutions

wherever needed and to reduce the boredom and shortcomings which may occur.

To manage gases from the sanitary system entering into the building by applying traps.

1.3 RELATION TO ENVIRONMENT

The project will be used to ensure that the all dirty water goes to the soak pit .It also protect

the environment from water pollution since the chemicals are disposed of as intended. The

kitchen sink has its soak pit where the unused water flows off.

1.4 NATIONAL AND LOCAL VIEW OF THE PROJECT

Kitchen sink has been considered more effective nationally and even locally due to its

flexibility and it's ease to be moved from one place to another for its washing purposes while

some few look at it in different perspectives. Kitchen sink has made the house operations

efficient through the following ways;

Kitchen sink mainly used for washing utensils and also can keep utensils more save.

 Kitchen sink also has been considered effective in relation to environmental

conservation through it's operation that is salon sink during use channelled the

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 harmful chemicals through it's outlet to the drainage system where it is treated and

disposed off safely.

 Kitchen sink has been provided with traps which prevent foul gases going back to the

sanitary appliance hence it has been considered effective. Even though of it's

effectiveness others looked at it in different perspectives that is; others say that the

neck areas is pretty narrow and deep hence many clients express slight discomfort in

the neck area and in that case prevents the nape from being properly.

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 CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
This case study present analysis of injury risk and prevalence in a house behind the side of a

kitchen sink and wash hand basin. For most kitchensink and wash hand basin it was initially

made of one type of materials like stainless steel but due to great advancement in the

knowledge of sink and washhand basin various materials has been introduced that is hard

porcelain and other materials which are durable, resistant to corrosion and impervious to

cooking oil and water.

Each kitchen sink is unique in it's design. When installing a kitchen sink manufacturers

literature need to be put into consideration to come out with actual measurements required.

For most kitchen sink it has to meet the following requirements;

 The length should 490mm, width 460mm .

 The height of kitchen sink above the ground should be 900mm unless it is

exceptionally stated to go beyond this range.

 The kitchen sink has to be provided with bottle traps to prevent foul gases getting

back into the sanitary fitting and also included with drain pipe to let the unused water

to drainage system.

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 CHAPTER THREE
3.0 METHODOLOGY
3.1 Procedure of installing kitchen sink
The following are steps to follow while doing the installation of hot and cold water in a

domestic house

 Carry out site preparation through removing any barrier in the working area to enable

good working progress during installation of kitchen sink and bath tap.

 Put the sand two (2) wheelbarrows followed by half (0.5) of lime and a specific

amount of water required for the mixture.

 Mixed the mixture fully by adding water slowly by slowly until you obtain a mortar

mixture.

 Start laying stone bricks and ensure it is vertically straight as possible and make sure

it is in line with the measurements of bath tap that is required. Also make sure the

kitchen sink is raised at an height of 900mm above the ground to the kitchen and

follow the manufacturer’s instructions to measure out the proper height for the

bracket.

 Hold the the kitchen sink in your hand or have an assistant holding it while you

position yourself underneath the sink.

 Secure the sink with stainless iron from underneath. Wrap inlets and water supply

valve with jointing paste.

 Insert the tail piece into the underside of the sink drain. Twist counterclockwise to

secure it.

 Wrap the threads on the drain pipe and the tail pipe with plumbers tape. Insert the

bottle trap into place between these pipes. Secure it with the couplings.

 Install bib tap above the salon sink and open to let water into the sink and check for

any leakage, if there is no leakage the system is ready for use.

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3.2 MATERIAL USED
 Kitchen sink

 wash hand basin

 Hot water cylinder

 Sand

 wc

 Cement

 Stone bricks

 P.V.C pipe

 Bottle trap

 Elbow

 Tail piece extension

 Tee

 Union and washers

 Bib tap

 Hemp tape

 Water

 Female and male elbow

3.3 TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

 Hack saw

 Tape measure

 PVC machine

 Spirit level

 Spade

 Trowel

 Wood float

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  Wheelbarrow

 Plumb bob

PLAN

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PLAN WITH APPLIANCES

ECTION

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ISOMETRIC PIPE LAYOUT

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DRAINAGE

10
11
MANHOLE SECTION

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 CHAPTER FOUR
`4.0 DATA ANALYSIS
Data analysis is the arrangement and processing of the data collected. This chapter contains

data and information collected in field. Furthermore comparison is made at the end of data

presentation. The researcher faces a number of problems while carrying out research. The

difficulties include;

 Responses given were not per the researcher interest.

 Financial problem since the researcher had budgeted less than he/she incurred

 Some respondents were not free to attend to questionnaire as expected by the

researcher.

 Distance walking around from one point to another much tiresome

LABOUR COST

Skilled labour per day

1000

Unskilled labour per day

300 × 2= 600

Total labour cost per day

(Unskilled + Skilled)= (600 + 1000)

= ,1600

Total labour cost per week

(1600 × 6)= 9600

Over head

40% total labour

(40÷100) × 9600= 3840

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 Total cost = (Materials + Overhead + Labour cost)

=(1600+9600+3840 )

= 15040

LABOUR MAN'S DAY

Casual = (500 × 6) = 3000

Casual labour = (250 × 6) = 1500

Coagencies = (1000 × 3) = 3,000

Cost percentage of materials

Bricks (200 ÷ 100) × 12) = 24%

P. V .C pipe (600 ÷ 100) × 2 = 12%

PROGRAM OF ACTIVITIES

140

120

100

80

60

40

20

0
Labor man's day

Identity topic Introduction Literature review Methodology Fubrication Data analysis

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4.1 FINDINGS
In this project through installation of hot and cold water in a restaurant has made to find out

that the use of kitchen sink, birth tap and hot water cylinder helps in environmental

conservation in that the dirty water , cooking oil and other wastes solvents are channelled out

through the sink and wash hand basin outlet to the drainage system where it is disposed off

safely hence security environmental effects.

The study also revealed that the Polytechnic and industries done very minimum to prevent

this chances of environmental effects due to ignorance and negligence.

It was found that lack of knowledge of the wash hand basin and kitchen sink operators lead

them to serve the consequences therefore their is need for the operators to be taught on how

to use the birth and sink effectively.

4.2 CONCLUSION
From the findings it is evident that a quit of number of people has come to digital Life thus

kitchen sink and wash hand basin has let to improve people's living of standard.

4.3 RECOMMENDATIONS
w.c has let to improve people's living standard thus they get to release themselves any time

regardless the weather changes because they have it near.

Kitchen sink also let easy for washing of utensils yet no fetching water for use.

APPENDICES
APPENDIX I
BILL OF QUANTITY
ITEM DESCRIPTION NO COST@ TOTAL

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NO COST

1 Kitchen sink 1 6000 6000

2 Wash hand basin 1 3500 3500

3 w.c 1 4500 4500

4 sand 1 250 250

wheelbarrow

5 lime 5 kg 500 500

6 Stone bricks 8 pieces 100 800

7 P.V.C pipe 3 300 600

8 Bottle trap 2 350 350

9 Elbow 8 150 300

10 Tail piece 3 150 150

extension

11 Tee 4 100 100

12 Union and washers 6 100 200

13 Bib tap 2 350 700

14 Jointing paste Medium 150 150

15 Cement 1 bag 650 650

16 Hemp tape 1 150 150

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 GRAND TOTAL 18,950

1.8 WORK SCHEDULE

Day TIME ACTIVITY

DURATION

1 5 hours Site clearance

2 3 hours Marking and measuring of the distance

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3 8 hours Arching/ chiseling

4 6 hours Fixing and joining of pipes

5 4 hours Digging of trenches for waste pipes

6 4 hours Pipe alignment of waste pipes and refilling

7 6 hours Building of manholes

8 3 hours Fixing of appliances

9 4 hours Fixing of manhole covers and water flow testing

and leakages

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