Geol: 503 Department of Geology Max.

Marks: 40
Section: AD Terminal Examination 2019 Time: 60 minutes

Attempt all questions. Only encircle the correct answer.

Name_______________________ Seat No. __________________

Basalt is a rock composed of Batholiths are generally associated with:

1. Feldspar and quartz (a) Island arcs.
2. Plagioclase and olivine (b) Folded structures.
3. K-feldspar and biotite (C) Orogenic belts.
4. Quartz and hornblende
(d). Earthquake zones
Pink color in granite is due to
1. Structure
The process of conversion of glassy
2. Morphology material to crystallized material is
3. Chemistry known as:
4. Composition (a) Crystallization.
Dike differ from sill in (b) De-vitrification.
1. Origin (c) Eutectic process.
2. Nature (d) Assimilation.
3. Mode of occurrence A rock made up of euhedral crystals,
4. Orientation w.r.t. country rock the texture is described as:
Composite lava consists of (a) Allotriomorphic.
1. Alternate light and dark bands
(b)Hypidiomorphic.
2. Sediment and pyroclast
3. Lava flow and pyroclast
(c) Idiomorphic
4. None of above (d) None of these.
Intermediate rock by composition Ophitic texture is commonly shown by:
1. Rhyolite (a) Trachyte.
2. Basalt (b) Lamprophyres.
3. Andesite (C) Andesite.
4. Granite (d) .Dolerite
Two stage crystallization shown by Large crystals in magma center are
1. Pyroclastic texture ● Due to rapid cooling
2. Porphyroblastic texture ● Due to slow cooling
3. Porphyroclastic texture
● Due to normal stress
4. Porphyritic texture
Grain size enlargement is main function of
● None of above
1. Composition Shearing is produced
2. Rate of cooling ● At center of magma
3. Degree of freedom ● All sides of magma
4. Fluid in magma ● At margin of magma
Biotite is essential mineral of ● No shear developed
1. Granite Crystals growing in-situ
2. Basalt ● Have wide range of composition
3. Monzonite ● Maintain narrow range
4. None of above ● No relation with composition
Quartz lack cleavage due to
● a and b correct
1. Composition
2. Arrangement Diffusion rate of temperature
3. Crystallinity ● Is higher than ions
4. All of above ● Is lower than ions
 ● Equally diffuse ● Petrology
● No relation ● No relation
Silica and Mg with depth: Second largest mineral group
● Increases ● Silicate
● Decreases ● Oxides
● Decouple ● Carbonates
● No relation ● Sulphides
Gravity settling is due to In lithosphere Sed. Rocks are
● Density uniformity ● 95%
● Density contrast ● 5%
● Viscosity contrast ● 0.25%
● Viscosity uniformity ● 0.75%
Newly formed crystals settle Andesite is volcanic equivalent of
● Fast 1. Gabbro
● Slow 2. Granite
● Very slow 3. Diorite
● Don’t settle 4. Dunite
Settling rate of crystals follow Rate of cooling control
● Barry Law 1. Grain development
● Boil Law 2. Grain growth
● Stock Law 3. Grain shape
● Mohs Law 4. Grain movement
Elements high in crystal are Corundum is found in rocks of
● Called compatible 1. Per alkaline magma
● Included 2. Sub aluminous magma
● Depleted in magma 3. Met aluminous magma
● All correct 4. Per aluminous magma
Mechanical segregation depends on Enclosure of augite by plagioclase gives
● Similarity of physical properties 1. Ophitic
● Contrast of physical properties 2. Subophitic
● Similarity of chemical properties 3. Diabasic
● Contrast of chemical properties 4. Granitic
Magmatic differentiation is function of Order from most dense to least dense
● Chemical difference b/w phases 1. Peridotite rock, felsic rock, basaltic
● Physical process rock
● Chemical process 2. Mafic magma, felsic rock, basaltic
● All of above rock
Astheno means 3. Peridotite rock, mafic magma,
● Hard felsic rock
● Weak 4. Basaltic rock, felsic rock, mafic
● Tough magma
● Cleavage Igneous rock with abundant Quartz and
Zone of igneous activity feldspar
● Lithosphere 1. Intermediate
● Barysphere 2. Ultramafic
● Pyrosphere 3. Felsic
● Atmosphere 4. Mafic
Natural history branch of phys. Chem. Expected order of crystallization in
● Petrogenesis basaltic magma
● Petrography
 1. Plagioclase followed by pyroxene
and finally olivine
2. Olivine followed by plagioclase
and finally pyroxene
3. Plagioclase followed by pyroxene
and finally olivine
Rocks that rise toward surface
1. Erode quickly
2. Are exposed to water and form
crystals
3. May melt at lower pressure
4. Cool quickly as they rise
What is false about partial melting
1. It is pressure dependent
2. It is reversible
3. It is temperature dependent
4. May change chem. Composition
Water more intensely react with basalt
1. Mid ocean ridge
2. Stream water
3. Groundwater
4. volcano
Minerals formed at low temp, when subject 2. Have small crystals that will enlarge
to high temp 3. May transform into different minerals
1. Expand in volume 4. Have large crystals that will shrink

1.

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Partial melting is Wide range of composition is observed at

● Reverse of solidification ● 2000 °C
● Reverse of crystallization ● 1200 °C
● Extreme of metamorphism ● 800 °C
● All of above ● 500 °C
Liquid composition varies Earth crust mainly contains ---- minerals
● As melting retreat ● 10
● As melting advances ● 20
● As crystallization retreat ● 40
● As crystallization advances ● 100
Magma is ● Non melted
● Completely molten ● None of above
● Partially molten Alkalis in magma are
 ● 5% ● Apatite
● 10% ● Tourmaline
● 50% ● Topaz
● 70% ● All of above
Magmas are Solubility of gases in magma
● Randomly mixed solutions ● Remain constant
● Systematically mixed solutions ● Changes
● Non mixed solutions ● Insoluble
● None solution ● None of above
Subalkaline rocks dominate in Melting temperature gradient is
● Subduction zone ● 1°C per Km
● Rift basin ● 3°C per Km
● Transformed zone ● 5°C per Km
● Cratons ● 7°C per Km
Corundum is formed when More data is available on
● Al is high in magma ● Igneous rocks
● Al is high in lava ● Igneous chemistry
● Al is low in magma ● Igneous minerals
● Al is low is lava ● Igneous liquid
Chaghi magmatic arc is example of Igneous rocks are
● Tholeiitic basalt ● Good conductor of heat
● Calcalkalaine rock ● Bad conductor of heat
● Alkaline rocks ● Good conductor of electricity
● Ultrabasic rocks ● Bad conductor of electricity
Volatile content is Radiative conductivity is
● Major fraction of magma ● High in siliceous rocks
● Small fraction of magma ● Low in mafic rocks
● Important fraction of magma ● Both of above
● Not part of magma ● None of above
Volatile content has Amount of heat involved is
● Low molecular weight ● High in melting
● High mole fraction ● Boiling
● Both of above ● Vaporization
● None of above ● None of above
Physical properties of magma depend on Many properties of magma are governed
● Viscosity and composition by
● Order of appearance ● Silica
● Form of mineral crystallization ● Silicate
● All of above ● Silicon
Carbonatite host major amount of ● None of above
● SO2 Bonding of silicon with oxygen is
● CO2 ● Strong
● NO2 ● Very strong
● H2O ● Weak
Volatiles contain ● Very weak
● Gases Silica and alumina are
● Water ● Framework forming
● Trace elements ● Framework modifier
● None of above ● Framework destroyer
Halogens are essential components of ● None of above
Modifiers accommodate up to 20% ● Muskox intrusion
● After basic framework is formed ● Palisade intrusion
● Before basic framework is formed Bela ophiolite is formed due to
● After basic framework is broken ● convergence
● Before basic framework is formed ● Paleozoic Archean convergence
Increase in pressure ● Cambrian convergence
● Increases the viscosity ● Tertiary convergence
● Decreases the viscosity About 80% of PGE deposit is hosted by
● Keep viscosity constant ● Bela ophiolite
● None of above ● Bushveld complex
Density of magma ranges between ● Muskox intrusion
● 1-3 ● Palisade intrusion
● 2-3 PGE stands for
● 2-4 ● Platinum-gold elements
● 1-4 ● Platinum group elements
Heat of fusion or crystallization ● Paleocene glacial era
● Are same ● Precambrian geological event
● Are different Layered intrusions are
● Constant ● Always basic
● Variable ● Always acidic
Crystal settling depends on ● Occasionally acidic
● Magma viscosity ● Occasionally basic
● Relative densities Plutonic injection in shields was frequent
● Both of above in
● None of above ● Tertiary
Tholeiitic magmas are ● Mesozoic
● Na and Ca rich ● Paleozoic
● Fe and Mg rich ● Precambrian
● Fe and Ti rich
● Si and Al rich
Porphyritic texture forms
● If magma is stagnant
● If magma is dynamic
● If magma is at shallow depth
● All of above
Segregation occurs in flowing magma
with low viscosity
● Correct
● Incorrect
● Not relevant
● Not related
Basic intrusions are always
● Same
● Different
● Related
● All of above
Largest layered intrusion of Precambrian
age
● Bela ophiolite
● Bushveld complex