GPl Gtl5LOM 88 U 9006379 0008L80 462 -

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I GENERAL MOTORS ENGINEERING STANDARDS I
Materials and Processes - Metals
I

MECHANICAL AND METALLURGICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR

METRIC SERIES STEEL NUTS
GM51 OM

1 SCOPE. This standard covers the mechanical and 3 CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS.

chemicalrequirementsfor 3 property classesof metric series
steel hex nuts in sizes 1.6 to 36 mm, inclusive, which have 3.1 Steelfor hex nuts of eachpropertyclassshall conformin
dimensions conforming to Page E-l.lOlM of the GM chemicalcompositionto the litnits given in Table 1.
EngineeringStandards(American National Standards,ANSI 3.2 Resulfurized steel is not subject to rejection basedon
B18.2.4.1-Metric Style 1 Hex Nuts and ANSI B18.2.4.2- product analysis for sulfur unless misapplication is clearly
Metric Style 2 Hex Nuts) and implementthe 10 mm size with indicated. Rephosphorizedsteel is not subject to rejection
a 15.00 mm hexagonwidth acrossflats that differs from the basedon product analysisfor phosphorusunlessmisapplica-
IS0 standard10 mm size having a 16.00mm hexagonwidth. tion is clearly indicated.
The minimum nut thicknessesapplicableto the respectivenut
sizesand styles are specifiedin Table2. 3.3 Application of heatsof steelto which bismuth,selenium,
tellurium, or leadhasbeenintentionallyaddedshall not be per-
1.l Appendix A provides data on the properties of metric mitted for propertyclass 10.
serieshex flange nuts, slottedhex nuts and hex jam nuts.
NOTE: Thesespecificationsdo not apply to parts weld*& in 4 MANUFACTURING PROCESSES.
place or otherwise subjected to any heat which alters the 4.1 Hex nuts in sizesMl.6 throughM4 may be madeby cold
microstructure. punching,cold forming or milled-from-bar-processes. Unless
otherwise authorized by the purchaser nuts in sizes M5
2 DESIGNATION. Property classesare designatedby through M16, inclusive, shall be produced by cold or hot
numbers5, 9 and 10 representingthe approximateproof load forming methodsand nuts of M20 size or larger may be made
stresses,respectively,and are intendedto be usedin combina- by cold or hot forging or milled-from-bar-stock.
tion with the GM510M specificationnumberas follows:
4.2 Propertyclass 10 hex nuts shall be heat treatedin a fur-
GM510M(5): This property class shall apply to all sizes of nace having a protective neutral or slightly decarburizing
Style 1 non-heat treated carbon steel hex nuts. They are atmosphere,maintained at temperaturefor thorough grain
intendedfor assemblywith mating componentsconformingto refinement,quenchedin a liquid medium and temperedat a
GMSOOM(5.8) or lowest strengthlevels. temperatureof 425 C min Quenchantswhoseprincipal constit-
GM510M (9): This property class shall apply to all sizes of uent is water shall not be used unless approved by the
Style 2 non-heattreatedcarbon steel hex nuts. Nuts in sizes purchaser.
M3 throughMl6 are intendedfor assemblywith mating com- 4.3 Casehardeningof any propertyclassof nut is not permit-
ponents conforming to GMSOOM(9.8) or lower strengths. ted.
Nuts in sizesM20 throughM36 are intendedfor usewith mat-
ing components having strengths no greater than those 4.4 Threadsshall be formed,tappedor machined.
specifiedfor GMSOOM(8.8).
4.5 When heat treated nuts are electroplatedor phosphate
GM5 10M (10): This property class shall apply to all sizes of coated, appropriateprocessesshould be employed to avoid
Style 1 heat treatedcarbon steel hex nuts. They are intended hydrogenembrittlement.If necessary,the productshall be suit-
for assembly with mating components conforming to ably treatedas soon as practicableafter plating or coating to
GMSOOM(10.9) or lower strengthlevels. removedetrimentalhydrogenembrittlement.

TABLE I- CHEMICAL COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS

Pl.-.llMt” I
. -WV. .,
Composition,percent
ChSS Carbon Manganese Phosphorus Sulfur
of Nut Analysis
Max Min Max Max

Heat 0.55 0.04 0.15’

5,9 Product 0.58 0.048

Heat '0.55 0.30 0.05

10’ Product 0.58 0.27 Fl:& 0.058

4.6 In caseswherenuts are platedor coatedfollowing deliv- 5 MECHANICAL REQUIREMENTS.

ery to the purchaser (or where such processesare under
control of the purchaser),the nut produceris not responsible 5.1 The hardnessof nuts of each Class shall not exceedthe
for failure of the nut to meetrequirementstraceableto the plat- maximum hardnessspecified for the Class in Table 2. This
ing or coatingpractice. shall be the only hardnessrequirementfor nuts that are proof

0 CopyrQM OCTOBER 1988 Gertad Motbrs Corporauvn All Rights Received

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OCTOBER 1988 PAGE 1 51 OM

Copyright General Motors North America
Provided by IHS under license with GM Licensee=Magna International Inc/5926707100
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 GM GHSLOM 88 - 9006379 0008l18L 3T9 m

I GENERAL MOTORS ENGINEERING STANDARDS

I Materials and Processes - Metals
I

MECHANICAL AND METALLURGICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR METRIC SERIES

STEEL NUTS
GM51 OM
load testedexcept for Class 10 nuts for which the minimum the nut shall be applied againstthe nut in an axial direction.
hardnessrequirementshall also apply. (Seefootnote6 of Table2 for methodfor computingthe proof
load in kilonewtonsfor a nut.) The nut shall resist this load
5.2 Unless proof load testing is specified in the inquiry or without failure by stripping or ruptureand shall be removable
purchaseorder,nuts of all propertyclasses,sizes 1.6 through4 from the test bolt or mandrelby the fingers after the load is
mm and nuts of all property classeswith proof loads greater released.If the threadsof the test bolt or mandrelare damaged
than 530 kN as specifiedin Table2, may be furnishedon the during the test, the test shall be discarded.
basisof meetingthe hardnesslimits specifiedin Table2.
NOTE: Occasionally it may be necessaryto use a manual
5.3 Nuts of all propertyclasses,exceptthosecoveredin 5.2, wrenchor other meansto start the nut in motion. Use of such
shall withstandthe proof load stressspecifiedfor the diameter meansis permissible,providing the nut is removableby the
and propertyclassof nut in Table2. fingers following an initial loosening of not more than one-
half turn of the nut.
5.4 All GM5lOM (9) and GM510M (10) nuts in sizes 5
through36 mm shall conform with GM6103M which specifies 6.1.1 When testing nuts having generalpurposethreadsas
allowablelimits for the varioustypesof surfacediscontinuities specifiedin Table2, test bolts shall havethreadsconformingto
that may occur during manufacturing and processingsuch standards covering such threads [e.g.: GM Engineering
products. Standards,Metric Screw Threadsfor Mechanical Fasteners
(SectionX) and AmericanNationalStandards,ANSI B l.l3M-
6 TESTING. Metric ScrewThreads-MProfile]. Mandrelsshall havethreads
conforming to such standards,except the minimum major
6.1 PROOFLOAD TEST. The nut shall be assembledon a diametershall be the specifiedminimum major diameterand
test bolt or on a hardenedand threadedmandrel,as described the maximum major diameter shall be the minimum major
below and illustratedin Figure 1. The specifiedproof load for diameterplus 0.25 times the major diametertolerance.

TABLE 2
-

(1) (2) (31 I (4) (5) (61 (7) Ml

SpecifiedMinimum
Nut Nut Sizeand Proof Load Rockwell
Nut Thickness’*4 Proof Load6
Wead Pitch2 Treatment Stress’ Hardness
Pww mm kN
Class! mm MP8
Style 1 Style 2 Min Max

Ml .6x0.35 1.05 520 0.66 HRB70 HRC30

M2x0.4 1.35 520 1.08 HRB70 HRC30
M2.5x0.45 1.75 520 1.76 HRB70 HRC30
M3xO.S 2.15 520 2.62 HRB70 HRC30
M3.5x0.6 2.55 520 3.53 HRB70 HRC30
M4x0.7 2.90 520 4.57 HRB70 HRC30
5 MSx0.8 4.40 NotHeat 580 8.23 HRB70 HRc30
M6xl 4.90 Treated 580 11.7 HRB70 NRC30
MSxl.25 590 21.6 HRB70 HRC30
MlOx1.5 E 590 34.2 HRB70 HRC30
M12x1.75 10.37 610 51.4 HRB70 NRC30
M14x2 12.10 610 70.2 HRB70 HRC30
Ml6x2 14.10 610 95.8 HRB70 HRQO
M20x2.5 16.90 630 154 HRB78 HRC30
Notes listedon following page. (Table2-Continued)
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0 copyright OCTOBER lse8 Genef~ Motors CorporationAl Rights Reserved

51 OM PAGE 2 OCTOBER 1988

Copyright General Motors North America
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 I GENERAL MOTORS ENGINEERING STANDARDS I Materials and Processes - Metals I

MECHANICAL AND METALLURGICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR METRIC SERIES

STEEL NUTS
GM51 OM
TABLE 2 (CONTINUED)

(1) (21 (5) (6) (81

Nut Nut size and Proof Load Rockwell

Nut Thickness”’ Proof Load6
ThreadPit&’ Trmrm Stress5 Hnrdnes
PrOWY r kN
class’ mm MPa
Sn/le 1 Stvla 2 Min Maw

M24x3 20.20 630 222 HRB78 HRC30

M30x3.5 24.30 NotHeat 630 353 HRB78 HRC30
(CA, M36x4 29.40 Treated 515 HRB78 HRC30
630
M3xO.S 2.65 900 4.53 HRB85 HRC30
M3.5xO.6 3.00 900 6.10 HRB85 HRC30
M4x0.7 3.50 900 7.90 HRB85 HRC30
MSx0.8 4.80 915 13.0 HRB89 HRC30
M6xl 5.40 915 18.4 HRB89 HRQO
M8x1.25 7.14 940 34.4 HRB89 HRQO
MlOx1.5 Not Heat 940 54.5 HRB89 HRQO
9 80.1 HRB89 HRC30
M12x1.75 1Yl Treated 950
M14x2 13:40 950 109 HRB89 HRc30
M16x2 15.70 950 149 HRB89 HRQO
M20x2.5 19.00 920 125 HRB99 HRC30
M24x3 22.60 920 325 HRB89 HRC30
M30x3.5 27.30 920 516 HRB89 HRC30
M36x4 33.10 920 752 --HRB89 HRC30
M1.6x0.35 1.05 1040 1.32 HRC26 HRC36
M2x0.4 1.35 1040 2.15 HRC26 HRC36
M2.5x0.45 1.75 1040 3.53 HRC26 HRC36
M3xO.S 2.15 1040 5.23 HRC26 HRC36
M3.5xO.6 2.55 1040 7.05 HRC26 HRC36
M4x0.7 2.90 1040 9.13 HRC26 HRC36
MSx0.8 4.40 1040 14.8 HRC26 HRC36
M6xl 4.90 1040 20.9 HRC26 HRC36
'10 M8x1.25 Heat 1040 38.1 HRC26 HRC36
MlOx1.S Ii:: Treated 1040 60.3 HRC26 HRC36
M12x1.75 10.37 1050 88.5 HRC26 HRC36
M14x2 12.10 1050 121 HRC26 HRC36
M16x2 14.10 1050 165 HRC26 HRC36
MZOx2.5 16.90 1060 260 HRC26 HRC36
M24x3 20.20 1060 374 HRC-26 HRC36
M30x3.5 24.30 1060 595 HRC26 HRC36
M36x4 29.40 1060 866 HRC26
--
HRC36
’ Property class designationsshown in Column (1) are intendedto be used in combination with a single basis specification number as follows:
GM 510-MI51 GM 5104(91 GM 51~M(10)
‘Sizes shown in Column (21 are those estabhrhedas standardfor generalpurpose use on mechanicalfastenersbv ANSI, I Fl and other standards
ectivities.
3Thicknesses shonn in Column (3) are for standard series hex nuts and are establishedas Style 1. Thicknessesfor hex flange. slotted hex
end hex jam nuts are defined in Appendix A. Property class 10 thiduterser are same as property class 5; however, property class 10 nuts

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are heat treated.
‘Thicknesses shown in Column (4) are for standardserieshex nuts and are establishedas Style 2 Thicknessesfor hex ftange, slotted hex and hex
jam nuts are defined in Appendix A. Property class9 nuts are not heat treated.
s Proof load stressesshown in Column [S) are for standard serieshex nuts. Proof*load stressesfor hex flange, slotted hex and hex jam nutsare
defined in Appendix A. Proof load stressesapplicableto nuts incorporating thread diameter-pitch combinations other than shown in Column (2)
or other dimensionelenvelopesshall be subjected to agreementbetweenthe purchaserand the nut supplier.
‘The proof load in kilonewtons shown in Column (71 is mmputed by multiplying the proof load stress IMPa) for the nut property class
and nut size show in Table 2, and the tensile stressarea (mm2) for the applicablesize and thread pitch rhown in Table 3, and d&ding by 1000.

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OCTOBER 1988 PAGE 3

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 GM Gl’lSl10M 88 - =lO!Jb379 0008L83 17L -

I GENERAL MOTORS ENGINEERING STANDARDS I Materials and Processes - Metals

I

MECHANICAL AND METALLURGICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR METRIC SERIES

STEEL NUTS
GM51 OM
6.1.2 Nuts having metric threadsother than listed in Table2
shall be testedon bolts and mandrelshaving threadsconform-
ing to dimensionsand tolerancesspecifiedby the purchaser.
6.1.3 Test bolts shall have a yield strengthin excessof the
specifiedproof load of the nut being tested.
6.1.4 Mandrelsshall have a hardnessof HRC 45 minimum.
7 MARKING.
7.1 Unlessotherwisespecifiedby the purchaser,marking for
manufactureridentificationshall be at supplier’soption.
7.2 Nuts 1.6 through 4 mm diameterare not requiredto be
marked for property class identification, unless specified by
the purchaser.

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6.1.5 For refereepurposes,theproof load test shall be con- 7.3 Metric nuts, sizes over 4 mm diameter,shall be marked
ductedusing a hardenedmandrel. for propertyclassas follows: Propertyclass5 with numeral5,
6.2 HARDNESS TEST. property class 9 with numeral 9 and property class 10 with
numeral10.
6.2.1 Hardness shall be determined on a ground surface
locatedon the nut face halfway betweenthe major diameterof 7.4 Markingsshall be legible andpermanentand shall prefer-
the threadand a comer,or wherepracticable,on a wrenchface ably be located on the top surfaceof the nut approximately
one-third of the distancefrom a corner to the center of the midway betweenhole diameterand hex flat diameteror hex
wrenchface. In preparingthe surface,sufficient materialshall cornerand orientedso that baseof numeral(s)is towardsthe
be removed to assureelimination of any decarburizationof nut periphery.Where practicable,they may be located on a
other surfaceirregularities. wrench face. They shall be formed in a mannerwhich pre-
cludes any metal projecting abovethe top surfaceor beyond
TABLE 3 the actualwidth of the nut. In the caseof doublechamfernuts,
one face is considereda top surface.
Nominal Tensile Nominal Tensile 7.5 Property class numeralsshall conform to the following
Nut Sizeand StressArea Nut Sizeand StressArea minimum dimensionslisted in Table4.
Thread Pitch mm* ThreadPitch mm*
TABLE 4
M1.6x0.35 1.27 MlOx1.5 58.0
M2x0.4 2.07 M12x1.75 84.3 Nut Size (mm) Minimum Marking Height
M2.5x0.45 3.39 M14x2 115 (mm)
5.03 M16x2 157 c 0.8
M3xO.S J

M3.5x0.6 6.78 M20x2.5 245 6 1.0

M4x0.7 8.78 M24x3 353
8 1.3
M5xO.S 14.2 M30x3.5 561
M6xl 20.1 M36x4 817
M8x1.25 36.6 10 1.6
12 2.0
14 2.0

16 and larger L
2.5

7.6 No more than 10% of the nut top surface area may be
usedfor propertyclassand manufacturermarkings.
7.7 Markings for flange nuts may be raised or depressed,
may be located on top surface of nut or on top surface of
D+O.bOmn
H-
D+0.25mm
flange, and may exceedthe 10% surfacearealimitation speci-
fied in 7.6.

8 INITIAL SOURCE APPROVAL. No shipment shall

be madeby any supplieruntil representativeinitial production
sampleshave been approvedby engineeringas meeting the
FIGURE 1 requirementsof this specification.

6.2.2 Rockwell hardnesstests shall be performedin accord- 9 INSPECTION AND REJECTION. All shipmentsof
ancewith SAE 5417or IS0 R80. material or parts under contract or purchaseorder manufac-

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51 OM PAGE 4 OCTOBER 1988

Copyright General Motors North America
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 GM GM~~JOM 88 - 9006379 0008L84 008 -

I GENERAL MOTORS ENGINEERING STANDARDS

I Materials and Processes - Metals
I

MECHANICAL AND METALLURGICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR METRIC SERIES

STEEL NUTS
GM51 OM
tured to this specificationshall be equivalentin every respect specification,the supplier shall accept the responsibility for
to the initial samplesapprovedby engineering.There shall be incoming shipmentsmeetingthis specificationwithout depen-
no changesin either formulation or manufacturingprocesses denceupon purchaser’sinspection.
permittedwithout prior notification and approvalby engineer-
ing. Lack of notification by the supplier constitutesgrounds 10 GENERAL INFORMATION. This standardwas fust
for rejection of any shipment.While samplesmay be taken publishedin June1974.The latestrevisionswere madein June
from incomingshipmentsand checkedfor conformanceto this 1982and September1983.
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OCTOBER 1988 PAGE 5 51 OM

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 GM GMSLOM 88 -
GENERAL MOTORS ENGINEERING
I I
Al HEX FLANGE NUTS. Hex flange nuts shall con-
form dimensionally with Page E-15.101M of the GM
Engineering Standards (American National Standard
B18.2.4.4M-MetricHex FlangeNuts).
Al.1 Hex flange nuts are availablein nominal threaddiame-
ters M5 through M20 and in property classes9 and 10 and
shall have thicknesseswhich approximatethe corresponding
sizesof Style 2 hex nuts (Column4 of Table2) for both prop-
erty classes.
Al.2 GMSlOM (9) hex flange nuts are made of non-heat
treatedcarbon steel conforming to the chemicalcomposition
requirementsgiven in Table 1. Thesenuts in sizesMS through
Ml6 are intendedfor assemblywith mating componentscon-
forming to GMSOOM(9.8)or lower strengths.The M20 size
nuts are intendedfor use with matingcomponentsof strengths
no greaterthan thosespecifiedfor GMSOOM(8.8).
Al.3 GMSlOM(10) hex flange nuts are madeof carbonsteel
conformingto the chemicalcompositionrequirementsgiven in
Table 1 and are heattreatedas specifiedin 4.2. Thesenuts, in
all sizes, are intendedfor assemblywith mating components
conformingto GM500M(10.9)or lower strengthlevels.
Al.4 Hex flange nuts shall be producedby cold or hot form-
ing methods and shall conform to the other manufacturing
processesrequirementsspecifiedin 4.3 through4.6.
Al.5 Propertyclasses9 and 10 hex flangenuts shall conform
to hardnessandproof load requirementsas specifiedin Table2
for the respectivenut sizesand propertyclass.
A2 SLOTTED HEX NUTS. Slottedhex nuts shall con-
form dimensionally with Page E-2.101M of the GM
Engineering Standards(American National StandardANSI
B18.2.4.3M-MetricSlotted Hex Nuts) which implementsthe
Ml0 size with 15.00mm hexagonwidth acrossflat which dif-
fers from the IS0 Standard Ml0 size having a 16.00 mm
hexagonwidth.
A2.1 Slottedhex nuts are availablein nominal threaddiame-
ters M5 through M36 and in property classes5 and 10 and
shall have minimum thicknesses conforming to the corre-
spondingsizesof Style 2 hex nuts (Column 4 of Table2) for
both propertyclasses.
A2.2 GM 510M (5) slotted hex nuts are made of non-heat
treated carbon steel conforming to chemical composition
requirementsgiven in Table 1. Thesenuts in sizesM5 through
Ml6 are intendedfor assemblywith mating componentscon-
forming to GMSOOM(9.8) or lower strengths. The M20
throughM36 size nuts are intendedfor use with mating com-
ponents of strengths no greater than those specified for
GMSOOM(8.8).
0 Cmht
51OM
Copyright General Motors North America
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No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
900b379 OOOBLB5
. T44 m
-. .
STANDARDS Materials and Processes - Metals
I
APPENDIX A
A2.3 GMSlOM (10) slottedhex nuts aremadeof carbonsteel
conforming to chemical composition requirementsgiven in
Table 1 and are heattreatedas specifiedin 4.2. Thesenuts, in
all sizes, are intendedfor assemblywith mating components
conformingto GMSOOM(10.9) or lower strengthlevels.
A2.4 Slotted hex nuts shall conform to the manufacturing
processfor the nominal threaddiametersspecifiedin 4.1 and
other requirementsset forth in 4.3 through4.6.
A2.5 Propertyclasses5 and 10 nuts shall havehardnesses as
specifiedin Table 2 and proof load stressesequal to 80% of
the valuesspecifiedin Table 2 for property classes5 and 10,
respectively. Slotted hex nuts are not normally proof load
testedunlessso specifiedby purchaser.
A3 HEX JAM NUTS. Hex jam nuts shall conform
dimensionallywith Page E-3.lOlM of the GM Engineering
Standards(American National Standard,ANSI B 18.2.4.5M-
Metric Hex Jam Nuts) which implementsthe Ml0 size with
15.00 mm hexagonwidth acrossflats which differ from the
IS0 StandardMl0 size having a 16.00mm hexagonwidth.
A3.1 Hex jam nuts are availablein nominal threaddiameters
M5 throughM36 and in propertyclasses04 and 05 and shall
have thicknessesequal to approximately one-half of those
specifiedfor Style 2 hex nuts (Column 4 of Table2) for both
propertyclasses.
A3.2 GMSlOM(04) hex jam nuts are made of non-heat
treated carbon steel conforming to chemical composition
requirementsspecified for property class g nuts in Table 1.
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Thesenuts in sizesM5 throughMl6 are intendedfor assembly
with mating componentsconforming to GMSOOM(9.8) or
lower strengths.SizesM20 throughM36 are intendedfor use
with matingcomponentsof strengthsno greaterthan specified
for GMSOOM(8.8).
A3.3 GMSlOM (05) hex jam nuts are made of carbon steel
conforming to the chemicalcompositionrequirementsspeci-
fied for propertyclass 10 nuts in Table 1 and are heat treated
as specifiedin 4.2. Thesenuts, in all sizes, are intendedfor
assemblywith mating componentsconforming to GMSOOM
(10.9) or lower strengthlevels.
A3.4 Hex jam nuts shall conform to the manufacturingpro-
cess for the nominal thread diametersspecified in 4.1 and
other requirementsset forth in 4.3 through4.6.
A3.5 Propertyclass04 nuts shall have a proof load stressof
380 MPa and a hardnessof HRB89 to HRC30 for all diame-
ters. Propertyclass 05 nuts shall have a proof load stressof
500 MPa and a hardnessof HRC26 to HRC36 for all diame-
ters. Hex jam nuts are not normally proof load testedunlessso
specifiedby purchaser.
OCTOBER 1988 General Motors Corporation All Rights Resewed
PAGE 6 OCTOBER 1988
Licensee=Magna International Inc/5926707100
Not for Resale, 09/14/2009 12:33:27 MDT