Momentum

the
It is
product of mass and
velocity of a
body .

p=m×v→ velocity •
Vector
quantity Ns
SI Unit
kgms
'

↳
-

or
1
° :

mass

momentum

" "

amount
"
It is the
of motion in a
body .

"

motion
It is the
reflection of strength of of body .

%
I ✓= 5ms -1 -
=
,
> ✓ =
50ms -1
>

0.2kg
-

m
-
-

m=
2kg p= MV
p=m✓
)
p= 121151 p -10.21150
-

-10 Ns 10 Ns
p p
-
=

amount
Heavier object and a
lighter object can have same
of
momentum ,
if they have
different velocities .
 Change in momentum i.
Speeds UP "

:
u '
2m15
m=
0.2kg
: <
p=mxu
< "
m
i 6ms
-
-
Dp=m( v -
ul
< .

✓
Ap=Pf Pi 0.216-21
-

I
-
-
=

<
m

p=mxV = MV -
mu
"
Dp -
-
0.8ms
t
Dp=m(v - u ) gained momentum
"

struck +8 .in/s
ii. "
" iii. ✗
+

rest
' '

m :O >
2kg i ,
m= 0.2kg
10Mt >
'

ul
Dp=m(
ii.
v -
v v
-

i. = 0.210-10 ) -

10m15 rebound
"

Dp= -2ns if direction

Ap mlv u )
"

momentum lost "

-_
-

changes ,
use

Dp= 0-218-1-10 ) ) +1 -

sign
with
"

Dp 3.6ns =
velocities ?
 Force

Rate called
of change of
momentum is
force .

"
F =

Bp If momentum changes in short a

"
time
, applied
At
force is large and vice versa .

fresh Hart )
force
"
' "

? M=
0.2kg rest
2m / s
M
0.2kg
=

"
<
Dt =
2s Nlt > At = 2s
①
6ms
mlv ul ul
<
'

I Dp =
-

Dp=m( v -

= 0.216 -
2) : = 0.210 -10 )
.

"
Dp = 0.8 Ns
"
Dp =
-

ZNS

gained momentum lost

"

momentum
"

F Mtv ) f- mlv )
1¥ DI
0.8 0 -4N IN
Zz
= - u = - u - -

= = = = =
=

.
t 2 Dt t
 struck +8in / s f- a) 36N
§¥=m(
+
✗ = v -

=
306 =

' '

i i
m =
0.2kg t 0-1

'
Dt= 0.1s ^
1
,
i 36N
-

v v

10m15 rebound -

.
=

Ap =
mlv u ) -

Dp =
0-218-1-10 ) )
3.6 Ns
Dp =

Impulse
the
product of force and time
of application of force .

''
F- Dp A
large force applied forin a short
=

+
Dt duration can
bring the same
f- small
✗ At =

Dp change of
momentum as a

t
force would
''
if applied for a
longer
momentum Impulse duration
change of .
 conservation
law
of of Momentum

( ( )
)mµe=
P ,
+
Pr P' +
th
For isolated closed
an a
system after
•
,

the total momentum collision is

before
•

equal
collision
to the total momentum
after as
p=mv so

Mill ,
-1 Mzllz =
MN , + Mzvz
l l l l l
yl y
l l l l l l l l l l l
-

-
' ,
'

Ur initial velocities
before
-

U -

" u ,u
'
-

,
' :
'
'
, ,
- .

- >
ma
.
my
'
,
.
.
-

collision

final after
- -

velocities
- -

-
m
,
v1 m, v, , vz :

i. before collision after collision collision

-

, , , , , , , , , ,
CLOSED / ISOLATED SYSTEM
••
1 No
force or mass enters or leaves ) Make sure to put correct

sign + 1- with velocities in

''

4 ,
Uz V, and v2
,
Example #1
i Mill , + MLUZ =
MN, + mzVz
M' m'
-
5m15 '
M2
2m / s -
3m15 M2
v (1) (5) + 10.6112 ) = (1) (3) + ( 0.6 )V
'

> >
5
- -

> >
-

1.2
-

.
.
.
'
+ =3 -10.6hr

0.6kg -0.6kg 5.
3m15
-
-

v=

1kg 1kg
before collision
after collision

" "
the momentum body the other
lost by 1
equals momentum
gained by .

Example # 2

MM , + Maltz =
MN, -1 MzV2
M'
5m15 8m15 M'
?? (1) 151+(0.611-8)=(111-3)+0.6 V
-

% .
3mL , .

µ
> < < : > V= 5. 3m15
-

:
.
.
.

1kg 0.6kg 1kg 0.6kg

before collision
after collision

"

objects moving
"

in direction
opposite had a -
ve
sign .
Example # 3

3m / s
rest Mill + Maltz =
MN , + Make
,
M2
Mi ,
Mill , 1-
Mz Uz = NIV
(2+1)
>
✓
2kg 1kg (2) (3) + (1) ( O ) = V

stick
together 6 = 3v

impact
"
on v -2ms
-