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Saving The Environment - Business News (Intermediate)
Saving The Environment - Business News (Intermediate)
Saving The Environment - Business News (Intermediate)
a. In pairs, discuss why the following might be effective ways to measure the importance of
looking after the environment.
a. Complete the definitions using these words taken from the article. Find the key words in the
article to see them used in context. They appear in the same order.
activism biodiversity capital climate change consensus emissions
fiscal guesstimate imperative number crunching resilient shift
5. the variety of different types of plant and animal life in a particular region
9. to calculate the size amount of something when not all the facts are available to you
Intermediate
10. work that involves doing a lot of calculations, especially when you think this is boring
12. the factors affecting the world’s weather so that it is becoming warmer
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1 Economists at the mighty International Monetary also makes it harder to combat the emissions we’re
Fund used to joke that the institution’s acronym now trying to reduce. Conversely, protecting nature
should actually stand for “It’s Mostly Fiscal.” No makes the planet more resilient to environmental
wonder: the IMF is (in)famous for fretting about shocks and negative changes.
countries’ budget plans, tax policies, growth
strategies and capital flows. 8 With that messaging in mind, the Paulson Institute
and the IMF are now scrambling to put some
2 Last week, however, the IMF’s managing director tangible numbers around the contribution of
Kristalina Georgieva discussed how some of its natural capital. A report from the Paulson Institute,
employees have branched into an unlikely pastime: the Nature Conservancy and others last week
whale-watching. suggests that 30–50 per cent of the planet’s species
will vanish by the middle of the century without
3 “We have economists studying whales,” she told action — and that the bill to prevent this would be
a panel organised by the Paulson Institute, a $600bn-$820bn a year.
foundation created by Henry Paulson, former US
Treasury secretary and Goldman Sachs luminary, 9 It also points out that the World Economic Forum has
that often champions environmental causes. guesstimated that $44tn — about half — of global
gross domestic product depends on natural capital,
4 One of these economists is Ralph Chami, an IMF while the value of forests in terms of carbon capture
official who has studied how whales sequester CO2, alone could be $100tn.
removing it from the atmosphere, as part of an IMF
analysis of the value of natural capital — the world’s 10 Now, some observers might argue that affixing dollar
stock of natural resources. (Whales apparently signs to nature is ridiculous, not to mention immoral,
sequester 33 tonnes of CO2 over a lifetime.) since it implies that the only things that matter are
those that carry a price. In any case, these numbers
5 Does this matter? Some mainstream economists entail so much guesswork that they are apt to
might mutter about mission creep. But the initiative seem fantastical.
is worth noting. It reveals a subtle but striking shift in
the global green debate that is now underway and 11 However, Paulson insists that number crunching is
that will be an important topic at this week’s annual needed: “The problem is that people assume that
UN general assembly. natural capital is a free good, and if you don’t put a
value on it, they will value it as zero.”
6 In the past few years, the world has woken up with
a vengeance to the problem of carbon emissions, 12 What is really interesting is that this new drive to
thanks in part to activists such as Greta Thunberg, quantify the issue reflects another imperative: the
who has inspired a generation to campaign against topic of biodiversity might yet turn into a tool that
fossil fuels. But now Paulson and Georgieva are part could forge some modicum of consensus on “green”.
Intermediate
14 So too on the international stage. Discussions 17 Of course, such hopes might yet turn out to be naive,
about climate change often spark a blame game given that the Covid-19 pandemic is distracting
between countries such as the US and China, since policymakers — and cutting the level of financial
they raise questions about who is responsible for resources available to protect nature or anything
emissions — previous high polluters or nations busily else. But there again, the pandemic has also shown
developing now — and thus who should curb them clearly the cost of ignoring science and our global
most aggressively. US President Donald Trump and connections; indeed, those championing biodiversity
Chinese President Xi Jinping traded barbs over this at argue that the spread of zoonotic diseases — ones
the UN this week. that jump from animal to human, such as Covid-19
— is partly a result of our lack of respect for
15 Discussions about biodiversity, however, tend to focus natural capital.
more on mitigation and resilience. This can still spark
fights (as seen during the recent battles between 18 Either way, it’s worth remembering the whales; if
Brazilian president Jair Bolsonaro and environmental nothing else, they show how orthodoxies can change,
activists around rainforest destruction in the Amazon), even in economics.
but overall they tend to be less stark.
Glossary
tangible (adj)
important and noticeable
mitigation (n)
a reduction in the harmful effects of something
orthodoxy (n)
an idea or practice that is accepted by most people as being correct or usual
Intermediate
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a. Choose the best answer for the questions from the options given.
a. activism
b. whales
c. politics
3. How do Henry Paulson and Kristalina Georgieva want to change environmental activism?
4. How much is it estimated to cost in order to save 30-50 percent of the Earth’s species?
a. $100tn
b. $44tn
c. $600bn-$820bn
a. He thinks that people can come to an agreement on the causes of climate change.
b. He thinks that people don’t care enough about the storms and forest fires that are
happening now.
c. He thinks that people want to work together to prevent the natural disasters that are
happening now.
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a. Rearrange the letters to make verbs from the article. The paragraph clues are given to
help you.
Paragraphs 1–3
1. darncheb noit
2. masphoinc
Paragraphs 6–8
3. angcipam
4. stingoyerd
5. tomacb
6. maringscleb
Paragraphs 12–14
7. regof
8. creemab
9. skrap
10. bruc
b. Write the correct verb next to its definition. You can look back at the article to see the words
in context.
organization, or person
2. to damage something so severely that it no longer exists or can never return to its normal state
4. to take action in order to try to stop something bad from happening or a bad situation
9. to try to achieve political or social change by persuading other people or the government to do
something
10. to hurry or try very hard to get something, often competing with other people
c. In pairs, ask and answer the questions below using the verbs from above.
• Which new areas do you think your company should branch into?
5 Discussion questions
• How can talking about ‘environmental protection’ be more effective than talking about
‘climate change’?
a. In pairs or small groups, write down how the opinion of economists and environmental
activists might be different about the following:
• natural capital
Intermediate
b. In your groups, imagine that you are in a meeting about ways to increase people’s awareness
of the actions needed to protect the environment. Divide yourselves into economists and
environmental activists and put forward the following perspectives:
Economists: You believe that the planet should be protected and that people only understand the
importance of something once it has been given a financial value.
Environmental activists: You believe that the planet should be protected and that animals and
wildlife should be respected not for their value but because they are living things.
c. Discuss your opinions on natural capital and environmental activism. Can you agree on some
next steps? Share the results of your discussion with the class.
Intermediate
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Business topics: developing a strategy a. Ask the students to choose the best answer for the
questions from the options given. Explain to the
Business language focus: verbs commonly students that the questions get gradually more difficult.
used in business
Key:
Skills: reading, speaking, writing 1. b 4. c
2. a 5. a
Materials: one copy of the worksheet 3. b 6. c
per student
4. B
usiness language – Verbs
commonly used in business
Overview: This lesson is based on an a. Ask the students to rearrange the letters to make verbs
authentic article from a trusted news source. and to use the paragraph clues to help them find the
The article talks about how economists are
verbs. Explain that in Business English they are often
studying biodiversity in order to put a value
used to describe objectives, goals and strategies.
on natural capital. By doing this, they hope to
broaden the scope of environmental activism
and encourage polarised political groups to Key:
work together to save the planet. 1. branched into 6. scrambling
2. champions 7. forge
3. campaign 8. embrace
4. destroying 9. spark
1. Warmer 5. combat 10. curb
a. Ask students to discuss how the different ways b. Ensure that students check their answers for activity
to measure the importance of looking after the a before matching the action verbs to their definitions.
environment could make people aware of what Have them look back at the article to view the verbs
needs to be done. See how they feel about the in context.
idea of putting a financial value on natural resources.
Key:
2. Key words and expressions 1. forge 6. branch into
Intermediate
2. destroy 7. embrace
a. This article contains a lot of vocabulary that will be 3. curb 8. spark
challenging for the students. If necessary, have them 4. combat 9. campaign
work in pairs to complete this. Students can use the 5. champion 10. scramble
context of the article to understand the words so
mention that the words are in the same order as in c. Ask students to work in pairs asking and answering
the article. the questions given using the verbs from above. Make
sure that students speak in complete sentences.
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5. Discussion questions
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