ARUSHA TECHNICAL COLLEGE

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

MODULE NAME: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

MODULE CODE: CIU 07427

PROGRAME: BACHELOR IN CIVIL & IRRIGATION ENG.

NTA LEVEL 7-2

ASSIGNMENT N0.1

NAMES ADM NO

HASSAN DAMSON MHESI 20020413044

ANESIA E KATENENGA 20020413010

ABDI SHABAN 20020413001

AKIZA GEORGE 20020413099

NICODEMAS SAFARI MANDOO 20020413072

AMAN SHABAN 20020413001

HAJI ISSA 20020413040

QN. To explain six (06) data collection processes involved in the research as identified by
Creswell (2012).

By definition data collection means the process of gathering and measuring information on
variables of interest, in an established systematic way that enables one to answer stated research
question, test hypotheses and evaluate outcomes.

The following are the processes of collecting data involved in the research;

1. To identify the targeted area of study, the area for gathering information should
be well defined and the population to be studied should be determined first.

2. To identify the method of collecting data, to plan an approach, technique or

model of gathering information such as observation, survey, interview,

questionnaire, focus group and document review. Whereas observation, This is

a data collection method by which information on a phenomenon is
gathered through observation. Questionnaire This is the process of
collecting data through an instrument consisting of a series of
questions and prompts to receive a response from individuals it is
administered to. Focus group The opposite of quantitative
research which involves numerical-based data, this data collection
method focuses more on qualitative research
3. Determination of sample size to be employed or to be included in any
research finding, where the sample is being calculated so as to get the desired
results with accuracy, also the determination of sample size tend to reduce time
and cost.
4. Selection of the type of sampling to be used in data collection, either
probability sampling where every item has an
equal chance of being selected. Or Non-probability sampling is a sampling
method in which not all members of the population have an equal chance of
participating in the study,
5. Collection of the sample, after knowing the type of sampling to be used then
the samples can be selected so as to represent the entire population.

6. Documentation of the information gathered from the samples collected,

keeping records of the data collected for the other research processing to continue
like analyzing, interpreting, reporting and evaluating those data collected so as to
gain understanding and answer research questions of the problem raised.