CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

Electric Energy is considered by many experts to be the most important source

of power consumed by industry, commercial buildings, institutions and homes

because it is easily transmitted and controlled. The power value of electricity

experienced by the consumer depends of what kind of design and operation does the

distribution system have. Electrical designs for larger commercial systems are usually

studied for load flow, short-circuit fault levels, and voltage drop for steady-state loads

and during starting of large motors. With this, electrical engineers’ knowledge and

ability is required. He must be technically skilled and knowledgeable professional

who is certified and responsible to safely and efficiently operate the system.

Nowadays, there are two types of distribution system that can be applied; the

overhead and underground distribution system.

The researchers are proposing the primary power supply and distribution system

for the 25 hectares land extension at the Bulacan State University paralleled with the

site development plan proposed by the project management office of the university

who gradually develops the area concerned. Like any other establishments, it requires

delicate power system design for the distribution of electricity whereas, the design,

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 costing of materials, management and maintenance program has been considered. In

line with this, the researchers focus its analysis on delivering the high quality and

sustainable power system through study, research and surveys.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

To ensure the reliability and stability of the system, there must be considerations

between the system and the end-user the design must meet the standards of the

distribution company, interconnection between the other design such as the civil works,

communications, etc. and lastly, the needs of the end-user.

In this study, the researchers would like to answer these basic questions.

1. What is power supply and distribution system?

2. What factors may affect the system?
3. After weighing and determining the problems to these factors, what are the
recommended solutions?

Since the Project Management Office of the university does not have any electrical

distribution system design for the 25-hectare land extension, the researchers come up

with these problems.

1. What will be the electrical loads of each building?

2. Where does the tapping point of the primary power supply will come from?
3. What type of system does the university can utilize? Is it overhead or
underground distribution system?

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 4. What is the distribution design that suits the site development plan? Is it primary
or secondary metering?
5. Does the system design meets the standards of the Philippine Electrical Code and
the requirements needed by the distribution company?
6. Does the system environmental friendly and economically feasible?
7. What is the maintenance and sustaining program for the system?

1.3 Significance of the Study

At present, the government focuses on the industrialization, making the agricultural

lands turned into commercial or industrial facilities so that the country will be competent

enough in terms of economic standards. This study shows relevance in these areas:

1.3.1. Industrial Significance

Since, Bulacan State University is one of the most populated state

university of the country, extending its parameter should be taken as

priority. And in line with the proposed site development plan, electrical

design must be considered. In this, the administration allows themselves to

choose their ideal electrical design that suits the development plan of the

land extension.

1.3.2 Economic Significance

There are two types of distribution system that can be implemented

at the site. The researchers will study and research about the overhead and

underground distribution design and determine what is more economical

between the two. To deliver power on the station busbars at the lowest

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 possible cost per kilowatt-hour and still gives a high quality of service

without interruptions should be took over, hence it is according to the

analysis of elements if the power consumption will be lesser. Also,

whether the probable cost of the materials that the design is composed of

is feasible enough to fit the budget of the university.

1.3.3 Social Significance

Electrical design is not just a network of electricity being placed in

such a place where aesthetic is not being observed. If the design is eye-

appealing, the whole area will be in a state of social relevance in terms of

its value and the kind of design being used. The stakeholders of the

university will be primary beneficiary of this study because it can help

them to utilize the sub-systems of the design like the lighting system.

1.3.4 Environmental Significance

The university itself promotes green buildings that is

environmental friendly. The researchers also focus on how the electrical

design will become more efficient if they use renewable energy such as

the solar and wind energy. With this, a thorough study is needed.

1.3.5 Academic Significance

The researchers found out that this study is very significant in the

field of electrical engineering specifically in the electrical design because

this can be a reference guide for future studies.

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1.4 Objectives of the Study

General Objectives

1. To provide electrical power supply and distribution system on the land

extension at the Bulacan State University.
2. To seek for better alternatives to improve the approach on distribution system.
3. To find an economically feasible and convenient electrical system design.
Specific Objectives

1. To be able to determine the electrical loads of each building being developed.

2. To find the tapping point of the primary power supply for the distribution
system.
3. To meet the standards of the Philippine Electrical Code and the requirements
needed by the distribution company.
4. To find economical and quality materials that will be used.
5. To provide a sustainable maintenance program.

1.5 Scope and Limitations

1. The study deals on the design of the primary lines of the distribution system of
the area and its tapping point for the main source.
2. The study concentrates on providing distribution system on the area
concerned.
3. Obtaining a distribution system design using overhead and underground
system.
4. It only determines the factors involve in designing power distribution and
limits itself on its implication.

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 1.6 Conceptual Framework

Other Project Works

(Civil, Drainage, Water) Tapping Point of
Power Supply

Electrical Loads
Distribution
System

Overhead Underground

Metering Power Costing of

Calculations Materials

Primary Secondary

Maintenance
Program

Proposed Electrical
Distribution Design

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1.7 Project Area Description

City of Malolos is the center municipality of Bulacan wherein industrialization is

being cultivated. Before 2004, there are around twenty-two farmer families has been

occupying the land, which is actually for the National Media Production Center, for

more than a decade for their livelihood and shelter that is within the premises of the

site being studied by the researchers. However, upon the abolition of the National

Media Production Center, its property is transferred to the assets of the Philippine

Information Agency (PIA). Under the Proclamation No. 597 of the President of the

Philippines in the year 2004, and by the virtue of Proclamation No.22, the Philippine

Government granted Bulacan State University a twenty-five (25) hectares out of

44.9942 hectares of the property of the Philippine Information Agency (PIA), which

is located at MacArthur Highway, City of Malolos, Bulacan.

The land extension is now under the supervision of the project management office

of the said university. The site will be developed approximately in ten years time.

And so, the electrical system design must be flexible and sustainable at the same time

so that it can compensate the changes during the course of the development.

The following figure shows the location map of the land extension and its

development plan.

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Figure 1.1

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 REFERENCE

Agapito, Manieg, et. al. “Proposed Distribution System for the New Industrial City of
Plaridel-Open Loop or Close System”. City of Malolos, Bulacan, April 1999

Romulo. “Proclamation No. 597: Transferring Ownership of a Portion of the Property

Under Administration of the Philippine Information Agency to the City Government of
Malolos, Bulacan”. Manila, 2004
Source: http://www.gov.ph/2004/04/02/proclamation-no-597-s-2004/

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