Task 1 : Define your project in Table 1.
Project Title: Enhancing Water Quality Management in Shrimp Farming Through IoT Automation using Telegram as Controller
The general case / Problem
What others have done
What’s missing / Where is the gap
Your solution and why it fills the gap
Specific result
Table 1 Project Definition
Description
- Production yield is often plunged by diseases (Goh et al., 2022)
- Environmental parameters such as low quality of water, the presence of microorganisms and chemical
minerals in feed are principle causes of diseases. (Salah Uddin et al., 2020)
- The measurement of pond conditions is usually performed only when farmers have observed
abnormality in the water
- Usage of antibiotics and other chemicals is not well controlled (Kim et al., 2020)
- Wireless sensor network-based system for measuring the quality of pond water
- Several sensors used for measuring the water parameters
- A mobile app was developed for monitoring the real-time data.
- Notification to users
- IoT implementation used only limited for monitoring
- Farmers still need to manually manage and control water quality and hygiene
- Currently, aquaculture pond monitoring processes are inefficient since it depends on farmer’s experience
and consumes a lot of time and labor costs. (Danh et al., 2020)
- My solution : Implementing automation to control water hygiene and quality
- Water quality management activities like feeding control, water exchange and pH and salinity control will
be done automatically, and using telegram application as a controller
- Telegram has several advantages, including being supported by 3 versions of the application, namely
mobile, desktop, and web. (Prasetiya & Rino, 2022)
List of References (APA format) Danh, L. V. Q., Dung, D. V. M., Danh, T. H., & Ngon, N. C. (2020). Design and deployment of an IoT-Based water
At least 5 references quality monitoring system for aquaculture in mekong delta. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering
and Robotics Research, 9(8), 1170–1175. https://doi.org/10.18178/ijmerr.9.8.1170-1175
Goh, J. X. H., Tan, L. T. H., Law, J. W. F., Ser, H. L., Khaw, K. Y., Letchumanan, V., Lee, L. H., & Goh, B. H. (2022).
Harnessing the potentialities of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, paraprobiotics, and postbiotics for shrimp
farming. In Reviews in Aquaculture (Vol. 14, Issue 3, pp. 1478–1557). John Wiley and Sons Inc.
https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.12659
Kim, N. T. Q., Van Hien, H., Doan Khoi, L. N., Yagi, N., & Lerøy Riple, A. K. (2020). Quality management practices of
intensive whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) farming: A Study of the Mekong delta, Vietnam.
Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(11). https://doi.org/10.3390/su12114520
Prasetiya, Y., & Rino. (2022). Design and Build Internet of Thing Based Home Automation System With Telegram.
Bit-Tech, 5(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.32877/bt.v5i1.515
Salah Uddin, M., Fatin Istiaq, M., Rasadin, M., & Ruhel Talukder, M. (2020). Freshwater shrimp farm monitoring
system for Bangladesh based on internet of things. Engineering Reports, 2(7).
https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.12184

The general case / Problem
What others have done
What’s missing / Where is the gap
Your solution and why it fills the gap
Second Draft: Refine Your Problem
Description
Shrimp farming in Malaysia is a growing industry that holds significant importance in the country's aquaculture
sector. The focus of Malaysia's shrimp aquaculture lies in cultivating the giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium
rosenbergii) and the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). However, a decrease in shrimp production
occurs due to inadequate pond hygiene management, insufficient water quality monitoring, and uncontrolled
chemical usage (Salah Uddin et al., 2020). With an increase in diseases, more products are being rejected by
importers because they don't meet the required standards (Kim et al., 2020). Consequently, this results in
greater losses for the farmers, leading some to give up their operations. Farmers who persist in their production
tend to resort to excessive use of chemicals and medicines (Kim et al., 2020)., causing another issue—poisoning.
In recent times, various approaches involving the Internet of Things (IoT) and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN)
have been implemented to address water quality issues. For instance, an IoT-based water quality monitoring
system has been developed in the Mekong Delta. This system employs multiple sensor nodes, including those for
pH, salinity, temperature, oxidation-reduction potential, and dissolved oxygen, all connected to a master control
unit for data processing. Additionally, a smartphone application interface has been created to display water
quality parameters. The system is designed to alert users if the parameters exceed or fall below the set threshold
values. Another similar project has been undertaken, this time in Bangladesh, which shares similarities with the
previous one.
However, the mentioned projects are limited to monitoring only. Farmers must still manually manage tasks like
changing the water, adjusting pond acidity, feeding the shrimps, and administering medications. Aquaculture
pond monitoring processes are inefficient because they rely on the farmer's experience, leading to high time and
labor costs (Danh et al., 2020). Human errors can happen, especially when a farmer is responsible for multiple
ponds. Less experienced farmers might unintentionally feed the shrimps the wrong amounts of food and
medicine, affecting the water quality. Therefore, a monitoring system alone is insufficient since human errors
can still occur.
To address this issue, I propose implementing IoT automation for managing water quality in shrimp farming,
utilizing the Telegram application as a control interface. Tasks such as monitoring water parameters, water
exchange, feeding, and chemical control will be automated through Telegram. This choice is motivated by several
advantages of Telegram, as highlighted by Prasetiya & Rino (2022), including its compatibility across three
application versions—mobile, desktop, and web. Telegram offers farmers the convenience of managing these
tasks from anywhere at any time, as it is a widely accessible application available on smartphones and laptops.
This makes it more user-friendly and doesn't require extensive skills to operate.
Specific result