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 ‫ﻣﻐﺰ ﺳﻮﮔﻮار‬

‫ﺣ ﻘﺎﯾﻖ ﻋ ﻠﻤ ﯽ ﺷ ﮕ ﻔﺖ اﻧﮕ ﯿﺰ راﺟ ﻊ ﺑﻪ‬

‫ﭼ ﮕ ﻮﻧﮕ ﯽ ﯾﺎد ﮔ ﯿﺮی اﻧﺴ ﺎن‬

‫از ﻋ ﺸ ﻖ و ﻓ ﻘﺪ ان‬

‫ﻧﻮﯾﺴﻨﺪه‪ :‬دﮐﺘﺮ ﻣﺮی ﻓﺮاﻧﺴﯿﺲ اوﮐﺎﻧﺮ‬

‫ﻣﺘﺮﺟﻢ‪ :‬ﺷﺎدی ﮐﺸﻮری‬

‫آﺧﺮﯾﻦ ﺑﻪروز رﺳﺎﻧﯽ‪۱۴۰۱/۱۱/۱۹ :‬‬

‫‪8‬‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ ﻣ&‪%‬ﺟﻢ‬
‫‪12‬‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ ﻧ‪-,‬ﺴﻨﺪە‬

‫‪26‬‬ ‫‪3‬ﺨﺶ اول‪:‬‬

‫‪26‬‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺪان دردﻧﺎ@ اﯾﻨﺠﺎ‪ ،‬ا‪D‬ﻨﻮن و ﻧﺰد‪G‬ﮏ‬

‫‪27‬‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻞ اول‬

‫‪27‬‬ ‫راە رﻓ & ‪M‬‬
‫‪ L‬در ﺗﺎر‪PO‬‬
‫‪30‬‬ ‫ﻣﻐﺰ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﻓﻘﺪان را درک ‪1‬ﮐﻨﺪ؟‬
‫‪33‬‬ ‫ﺳﻮا‪ 9‬راﺟﻊ <ﻪ ﻧﻘﺸﻪﻫﺎ‬
‫‪36‬‬ ‫ﺗ‪A‬ﺎﻣﻞ ‪C‬ﮏ وﺻﻠﻪزن اﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻧﻪ ‪C‬ﮏ ﻣﺨ‪LM‬ع‬
‫‪W‬‬
‫‪39‬‬ ‫ﭘﯿﻮﻧﺪ دﻟ‪S‬ﺴﺘ‪V‬‬
‫‪41‬‬ ‫وﻗ‪ ZM‬ﮐﻪ د‪C‬ﮕﺮ در اﯾﻦ ا<ﻌﺎد ﻧ_ﮔﻨﺠﻨﺪ‬
‫‪43‬‬ ‫آ‪C‬ﺎ ﻣﻦ دﯾﻮاﻧﻪام؟‬
‫‪45‬‬ ‫ﺟ ﺴ ﺘ ﺠ ﻮ در ﺷ ﺐ‬
‫‪48‬‬ ‫ﭘﺮ ﮐﺮدن ﺟﺎﻫﺎی ﺧﺎ‪9‬‬
‫‪52‬‬ ‫ﮔﺬر زﻣﺎن‬
‫‪55‬‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻞ دوم‪:‬‬
‫‪55‬‬ ‫در ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮی ﻧﺰد‪PG‬‬
‫‪58‬‬ ‫‪p‬‬‫ﺣﻀﻮر داﺷ ‪q M‬‬

‫‪60‬‬ ‫روح ﺷﺪن‬

‫‪63‬‬ ‫ﺧﺸﻢ‬
‫‪64‬‬ ‫ﺷﻮاﻫﺪی از ُ<ﻌﺪ ﻧﺰد‪ ،VC‬در ﻣﻐﺰ‬
‫‪70‬‬ ‫ﻧﺰد‪ VC‬و ﺗﺪاوم ﭘﯿﻮﻧﺪ ﻫﺎ‬
‫‪72‬‬ ‫ﭘﯿﻮﻧﺪﻫﺎ‪ vw‬ﮐﻪ ﮔﺴﺴﺘﻪ ﻧ_ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫‪76‬‬ ‫ﺳﻮﮔﻮاری ﺑﺮای ﻣﺮگ اﻓﺮاد ﻣﻌﺮوف‬
‫‪78‬‬ ‫از دﺳﺖ دادن ﺗﮑﻪای از وﺟﻮدﻣﺎن‬
‫‪80‬‬ ‫ﻧﻮرون ﻫﺎی آﯾﻨﻪای‬
‫‪82‬‬ ‫ﻧﮕﺮا‪ vq‬ﻫﻤﺪﻻﻧﻪ‬
‫‪86‬‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻞ ﺳﻮم‪:‬‬
‫‪86‬‬ ‫‪3‬ﺎور ‪3‬ﻪ اﻓ‪V‬ﺎر ﺟﺎدو‪WX‬‬
‫‪88‬‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖﻫﺎی ﺗ‪A‬ﺎﻣ~‬
‫‪91‬‬ ‫ﺳﻮﮔﻮاری ﭘ•‪€‬ﻤﺎتﻫﺎ‬
‫‪94‬‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻃﺮات‬
‫‪97‬‬ ‫ﻋﺎدت ﻫﺎ‬
‫‪99‬‬ ‫دو <ﺎور ﻣﺘﻀﺎد‬
‫‪104‬‬ ‫ﭼﺮا ﺳﻮﮔﻮاری ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪی زﻣﺎنﺑﺮ اﺳﺖ؟‬
‫‪105‬‬ ‫آ „ﺎ… <ﻪ اﻓ‪A‬ﺎر ﺟﺎدو‪vw‬‬
‫‪107‬‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻞ ﭼ‪Z‬ﺎرم‬
‫‪107‬‬ ‫ﻋﺎدت ﮐﺮدن ‪3‬ﻪ ﻣﺮور زﻣﺎن‬
‫‪110‬‬ ‫ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ از ﻣﻐﺰ در ﺣﺎل ﭘﺮدازش‪ ،‬ﺗﺼ‪Š•€‰‬ﺮداری ﮐﻨ‹ﻢ؟‬
‫‪115‬‬ ‫ﻧﺘ ﺎ ﯾ ﺞ‬
‫‪117‬‬ ‫ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ‪< ،‬ﻪ ﺳﻮاﻻت ﺑ•ﺸ‪LM‬ی ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ‬
‫‪119‬‬ ‫<ﻪ اﺷ‪LM‬ا‪ Ž‬ﮔﺬاری ﻋﻠﻢ <ﺎ ﻋﻤﻮم‬
‫‪123‬‬ ‫ﺳﻔﺮ ﻗ•ﺮﻣﺎن‬
‫‪125‬‬ ‫ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪ دو‘ﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﻘﺎ<ﻠﻪ <ﺎ ﻓﻘﺪان‬
‫‪131‬‬ ‫ﻓ ﺼ ﻞ ﭘﻨﺠ ﻢ‬
‫‪131‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮوز ﻣﺸ‪V‬ﻼت‬
‫‪134‬‬ ‫روشﻫﺎی ﺳﻮﮔﻮاری‬
‫‪138‬‬ ‫ﺗﺎب آوری‬
‫‪W‬‬
‫‪139‬‬ ‫ﺳﻮگ ‪C‬ﺎ اﻓ“د”‬
‫‪143‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻼل ﺳﻮﮔﻮاری ﻣﺪ‪C‬ﺪ‬
‫‪147‬‬ ‫ﺳﻮگ و ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﻣﻐﺰ‬
‫‪152‬‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠ–ﺮد ﺷﻨﺎﺧ‪ ZM‬در ﻃﻮل ﺳﻮگ‪ ،‬ﭘ•ﺶ از آن و ˜ﺲ از آن‬
‫‪155‬‬ ‫رواندرﻣﺎ‪ vq‬ﺑﺮای ﺳﻮگ ﭘ‹ﭽ‹ﺪە‬
‫‪161‬‬ ‫ﻣﺸ‪ ~A‬ﮐﻪ ‪œ‬ﺸﺨ‹ﺺ ﺳﻮگ ﭘ‹ﭽ‹ﺪە <ﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺑ‹ﻤﺎری <ﻪوﺟﻮد ‪1‬آورد‬
‫‪164‬‬ ‫ﻓﺼ ﻞ ﺷ ﺸ ﻢ‬
‫‪164‬‬ ‫اﺷ‪ih‬ﺎق ﺑﺮای ﻣﻌﺸﻮق‬
‫‪167‬‬ ‫<ﺎزﺷﻨﺎ‪ ž‬ﺧﻮد‬
‫‪170‬‬ ‫ُول ﺗﻨﻬﺎ در ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮی ﺟﻔﺖ‬
‫‪173‬‬ ‫ﻗ ﻔ ﻞ و ﻠ‹ ﺪ‬
‫‪176‬‬ ‫ﺳﻔﺮی <ﻪ ﻧﯿ‪€‰‬ﻮرک‬
‫‪178‬‬ ‫ﺳﻮگ ﻣﺎﻧﺪ‘ﺎر‬
‫‪181‬‬ ‫اﯾﻦ ‪< VC‬ﺎ <ﻘ‹ﻪ ﻓﺮق دارد‬
‫‪185‬‬ ‫ﻧ ‪ ¢‬ﺎ … ﻣ ﻨ ﺘ ﻘ ﺪ ا ﻧ ﻪ < ﻪ ﻣ ﻄ ﺎ ﻟ ﻌ ﺎ ت ﮔ ﺬ ﺷ ﺘﻪ‬
‫‪187‬‬ ‫‪ C‬ﮏ ﺳ •ﺴ ﺘﻢ ﻋ ﺎ ‪9‬‬
‫‪190‬‬ ‫ﻓ ﺼ ﻞ ‪ l‬ﻔ ﺘﻢ‬
‫‪190‬‬ ‫ﺑﯿ‪ qrp‬ﺑﺮای درک ﺗﻔﺎوت ‪l‬ﺎ‬
‫‪193‬‬ ‫و ﻧﺎ‪¤‬ﻬﺎن‪ ،‬از ﻧﺎ‪¥‬ﺠﺎ آ<ﺎد‪....‬‬
‫‪199‬‬ ‫ﺣﻮاﺳﻤﺎن ﻫﺴﺖ ﮐﻪ ﮐﻮدک را در ﻣﺎﺷ § ‪q‬‬
‫‪ p‬ﺟﺎ ﻧﮕﺬار‪€‬ﻢ‬
‫‪201‬‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ ﭼﻨﺪ ﮔ¨‪€‬ﻨﻪ در ﭘ•ﺶ روی ﺧﻮد دار‪€‬ﺪ‬
‫‪204‬‬ ‫اﻧﻌﻄﺎف©ﺬﯾﺮی‬
‫‪206‬‬ ‫ﻧ‹ﻤﻪ ﭘﺮ ﻟﯿﻮان‬
‫‪210‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﻗ‪ª‬ﺖ از ﺷﺨﺺ ﺳﻮﮔﻮار‬
‫‪212‬‬ ‫دﻋﺎ‪ vw‬ﺑﺮای آراﻣﺶ‬

‫‪214‬‬ ‫‪3‬ﺨﺶ دوم‪:‬‬

‫‪214‬‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻣ‪i‬ﻢ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺣﺎل و آﯾﻨﺪە‬

‫‪215‬‬ ‫ﻓ ﺼ ﻞ ‪ l‬ﺸ ﺘﻢ‬

‫‪215‬‬ ‫در ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺳ‪ %x‬ﮐﺮدن‬
‫‪220‬‬ ‫«ﺸﺨﻮار ﻓﮑﺮی‬
‫‪224‬‬ ‫«ﺸﺨﻮار ﻓﮑﺮی ﻣﺮﺗ‪ª‬ﻂ <ﺎ ﺳﻮگ‬
‫‪229‬‬ ‫ﭼﺮا «ﺸﺨﻮار ﻓﮑﺮی ‪1‬ﮐﻨ‹ﻢ؟‬
‫‪233‬‬ ‫<ﻪ ﻫﻤﺮاە ﻫﻢ‬
‫‪236‬‬ ‫‪p‬‬‫©ﺬﯾﺮﻓ ‪q M‬‬

‫‪240‬‬ ‫ادرا‪Ž‬‬
‫‪242‬‬ ‫ﻓ ﺼ ﻞ ﻧﻬﻢ‬
 ‫{‬
‫‪242‬‬ ‫زﻧﺪ‪ z‬در ﻟﺤﻈﻪ ﺣﺎل‬
‫‪244‬‬ ‫ﻫﺮاس‬
‫‪247‬‬ ‫زﻣﺎن ﺣﺎل ﭼﻪ ﭼ § ‪Lq‬ی ﺑﺮای اراﺋﻪ دارد؟‬
‫‪251‬‬ ‫¯‪v‬ﺧﻮا¯‪v‬‬
‫‪256‬‬ ‫رودﺧﺎﻧﻪای از آدمﻫﺎ‬
‫‪258‬‬ ‫‪°‬زدن‬
‫‪263‬‬ ‫اﻓ‪A‬ﺎر ذﻫﻦ ‪°‬ﮔﺮدان‬
‫‪267‬‬ ‫ﭘﺮدازش ﻧﺎﺧﻮدآ „ﺎﻫﺎﻧﻪ ﻓﻘﺪان‬
‫‪270‬‬ ‫ﻋﺸ ﻖ‬
‫‪272‬‬ ‫ﻓ ﺼ ﻞ د‪l‬ﻢ‬
‫‪272‬‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺳ‪i‬ﻢ آﯾﻨﺪە‬
‫‪275‬‬ ‫ﺳﻮگ و ﺳﻮﮔﻮاری‬
‫‪278‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﭼ•ﺴﺖ؟‬
‫‪281‬‬ ‫ﻗﺴﻤ‪ ZM‬از ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻗﺴﻤ‪ ZM‬از آﯾﻨﺪە‬
‫‪284‬‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻣ‹ﻢ‬
‫‪287‬‬ ‫آﯾﻨﺪە اﯾﻦ را<ﻄﻪ‬
‫‪290‬‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺶﻫﺎی ﺟﺪ‪C‬ﺪ‪ ،‬را<ﻄﻪﻫﺎی ﺟﺪ‪C‬ﺪ‬
‫‪293‬‬ ‫ﭘﺮواز از ﻗﻔﺲ‬
‫‪295‬‬ ‫ﭼﻪ زﻣﺎ‪°³ vq‬وع <ﻪ دوﺳﺖ داﺷ ‪q M‬‬
‫‪ p‬او ﮐﺮد‪C‬ﺪ؟‬
‫‪298‬‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪G‬ﺎزد‪l‬ﻢ‬
‫‪298‬‬ ‫آﻣﻮزش آﻧﭽﻪ آﻣﻮﺧﺘﻪا‪G‬ﺪ‬
‫‪301‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻢ راﺟﻊ <ﻪ ‪C‬ﺎدﮔ§‪L‬ی ﭼﻪ ‪1‬داﻧﺪ؟‬
‫‪304‬‬ ‫ﻼس ﺳﻮگ ‪۱۰۱‬‬
‫‪307‬‬ ‫از ﻧﺼ‹ﺤﺖﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﭼ § ‪Lq‬ی ﻧ_آﻣﻮز‪€‬ﻢ‬
‫‪309‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﭼﻪ ﭼ § ‪Lq‬ی ‪C‬ﺎد ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻢ؟‬
‫‪311‬‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺪﯾﺮ و ‚ﺸﮑﺮ ﻧ‪-,‬ﺴﻨﺪە‬
 ‫ﻣ ﻘ ﺪ ﻣ ﻪ ﻣ ﺘﺮ ﺟ ﻢ‬

‫ﺳ ﻮگ ﻗﻄ ﻌﺎ ﺑﺰرﮔ ﺘﺮﯾﻦ د رد ﺑﺸ ﺮﯾﺖ اﺳ ﺖ ‪ ،‬اﻣ ﺎ اﯾﻦ د رد ﻗﺴ ﻤ ﺘﯽ از اﻧﺴ ﺎن ﺑﻮد ن‬

‫ا ﺳ ﺖ ‪ .‬ﲤ ﺎ م ﮐ ﺘ ﺎ ﺑ ﻔ ﺮ و ﺷ ﯽ ﻫ ﺎ ‪ ،‬ﳑ ﻠ ﻮ ا ز ﮐ ﺘﺎ ب ﻫ ﺎ ی ز ر د ی اﺳ ﺖ ﮐ ﻪ ر ا ﺟ ﻊ ﺑﻪ ا ﯾ ﻦ‬
‫ﻣ ﻮ ﺿ ﻮ ع ﻧ ﻮ ﺷ ﺘ ﻪ ﺷ ﺪ ها ﻧ ﺪ ‪ .‬ﮐ ﺘ ﺎ ب ﻫ ﺎ ﯾ ﯽ ﮐ ﻪ ﻣ ﯽ ﺧ ﻮاﻫ ﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣ ﺎ ﺑ ﮕ ﻮ ﯾ ﻨﺪ ﺑ ﺎ ﯾ ﺪ ﭼ ﮕ ﻮ ﻧ ﻪ‬
‫ﺣ ﺲ ﮐ ﻨ ﯿ ﻢ ؟ ﻓ ﻀ ﺎ ﻫ ﺎ ی ﻣ ﺠ ﺎ ز ی ﳑ ﻠ ﻮ ا ز و ﯾ ﺪ ﺋ ﻮ و ﺗ ﻮ ﺻ ﯿ ﻪﻫ ﺎ ی ﻏ ﯿﺮ ﻋ ﻠ ﻤ ﯽ اﺳ ﺖ ﮐ ﻪ‬
‫ﺣ ﺴ ﺎﺳ ﯿﺖ ا ﯾﻦ د ر د ر ا ﺑﻪ ﺳ ﺨ ﺮه ﻣ ﯽ ﮔ ﯿ ﺮ ﻧ ﺪ ‪ .‬ر و اﻧﺸ ﻨﺎ ﺳ ﺎ ن و ر و اﻧﭙﺰ ﺷ ﮏ ﻫ ﺎ ی‬
‫ز ﯾ ﺎ د ی ﻧ ﯿ ﺰ و ﺟ ﻮد د ار ﻧﺪ ﮐ ﻪ ﻋ ﻠ ﻤ ﯽ ﻣ ﺮ د و د ر ا ﺑ ﻪ ﺧ ﻮ ر د ﻣ ﺮ د م ﻣ ﯽ د ﻫ ﻨ ﺪ ‪.‬‬
‫ر و ز او ﻟ ﯽ ﮐ ﻪ ﺷ ﺮ و ع ﺑﻪ ﺧ ﻮاﻧﺪ ن ا ﯾ ﻦ ﮐ ﺘﺎ ب ﮐ ﺮد م ‪ ،‬د ر ﺷ ﺮا ﯾ ﻄ ﯽ ﺑﻮ د م ﮐ ﻪ د و ﺳ ﺘﻢ آن‬
‫ر ا ﻧ ﻮ ﻋ ﯽ ﺳ ﻮ گ ﺗ ﻮ ﺻ ﯿ ﻒ ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﺮد ‪ .‬ﺗﺎ ﻗ ﺒ ﻞ از ﺷ ﻨﯿﺪ ن ﮐ ﻠﻤ ﻪ ﺳ ﻮ گ ‪ ،‬ﳕ ﯽ د اﻧﺴ ﺘﻢ ﮐ ﻪ‬
‫ﭼ ﻪ ﻧﺎ ﻣ ﯽ ﻣ ﯿﺘﻮان ﺑﺮای آن ﳊ ﻈ ﺎ ت ﮐ ﺸ ﺪ ار د ر د ﻧﺎ ک ﮔ ﺬ اﺷ ﺖ ‪ .‬ﺑ ﻌ ﺪ از ﺷ ﻨﯿﺪ ن آن‬
‫ﮐ ﻠ ﻤ ﻪ ‪ ،‬ﻣ ﯿ ﺨ ﻮ ا ﺳ ﺘ ﻢ ﺑ ﺪ ا ﱎ ﮐ ﻪ ا ﯾ ﻦ ﺳ ﻮ گ د ﻗ ﯿ ﻘ ﺎ ﭼ ﯿ ﺴ ﺖ ؟ از ﺧ ﻮد م ﻣ ﯽ ﭘ ﺮ ﺳ ﯿ ﺪ م ﮐ ﻪ‬
‫ﺳ ﻮ گ ﻣ ﮕ ﺮ ﺣ ﺎ ﻟ ﺘ ﯽ ﻧﯿ ﺴ ﺖ ﮐ ﻪ ﭘ ﺲ از ﻣ ﺮ گ ﯾ ﮏ ﻋ ﺰ ﯾ ﺰ ﲡ ﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨﯿﻢ ؟‬
‫ﻣ ﯽ ﺧ ﻮاﺳ ﺘﻢ ﺑﺪ ا ﱎ ﮐ ﻪ د ر و ن ﻣ ﻐ ﺰ م ﭼ ﻪ ﻣ ﯽ ﮔ ﺬ رد ؟ ﭼ ﻮ ن ﺷ ﺨ ﺼ ﺎ و ﻗ ﺘ ﯽ ﺑ ﺪ ا ﱎ د ر و ن‬
‫ﻣ ﻐ ﺰ م ﭼ ﻪ ﻣ ﯽ ﮔ ﺬ ر د ‪ ،‬ﺑ ﻬ ﺘ ﺮ ﻣ ﯿ ﺘ ﻮ ا ﱎ آ ن ر ا د ر ک ﮐ ﻨ ﻢ و ﺑ ﭙ ﺬ ﯾ ﺮ م ‪.‬ﻣ ﯽ ﺧ ﻮ ا ﺳ ﺘ ﻢ ﺑ ﺪ ا ﱎ‬
‫ا ﯾ ﻦ د ر د ﻧﺎ ﺷ ﯽ ا ز ﭼ ﯿ ﺴ ﺖ ؟ آ ﯾ ﺎ ﯾ ﮏ د ر د ﺟ ﺴ ﻤ ﯽ و ا ﻗ ﻌ ﯽ ا ﺳ ﺖ ؟ ﯾ ﺎ ﭼ ﯿ ﺰ ی ا ﺳ ﺖ‬
‫ﮐ ﻪ ﻣ ﺎ د رون ذ ﻫ ﻨﻤ ﺎن ﻣ ﯽ ﺳ ﺎز ﯾﻢ ؟‬
‫ا ﯾ ﻦ ﮐ ﺘﺎ ﺑ ﯽ ﺑ ﻮ د ﮐ ﻪ ﭘ ﺲ ا ز ﺟ ﺴ ﺘ ﺠ ﻮ ﻫ ﺎ ی ﻓ ﺮا و ا ن ر ا ﺟ ﻊ ﺑ ﻪ ا ﯾ ﻦ ﻣ ﻘ ﻮ ﻟ ﻪ ﺣ ﺴ ﺎ س‬
‫ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻢ‪ ،‬ﮐﺘﺎﺑﯽ ﮐﺎﻣﻼ ﻋﻠﻤﯽ و ﺑﻪ دور از ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ زرد‪.‬‬
‫ز ﻣ ﺎﻧ ﯽ ﮐ ﻪ اﯾﻦ ﮐ ﺘﺎ ب را ﺧ ﻮاﻧﺪ م ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺧ ﻮد م ﻓ ﮑ ﺮ ﮐ ﺮد م ﮐ ﻪ ﻫ ﻤ ﻪ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ آن را‬
‫ﺑﺨﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ‪.‬اﯾﻦ ﮐﺘﺎب را ﯾﮑﺒﺎر ﺑﺮای ﺧﻮدم و ﭼﻨﺪﯾﻦ ﺑﺎر در ﺣﯿﻦ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﺧ ﻮاﻧﺪ م ‪ .‬و ﻫ ﺮ ﺑﺎ ر اﺷ ﮏ ر ﯾ ﺨ ﺘﻢ ‪ .‬ﮔ ﺎ ﻫ ﯽ ﺑﺮای ﻣ ﻐ ﺰ ﻣ ﺎ ن ‪ ،‬ﮔ ﺎﻫ ﯽ ﺑﺮای ﺟ ﺴ ﻤ ﻤ ﺎ ن و‬
‫ﮔ ﺎﻫ ﯽ ﺑﺮای ﻋ ﺪ م ﺗﻄ ﺎ ﺑ ﻖ د اﻧﺴ ﺘﻪ ﻫ ﺎ ﯾ ﻤ ﺎ ن ﺑﺎ وا ﻗ ﻌﯿﺖ ‪.‬‬
‫آﻧﭽ ﻪ ﻣ ﺮا ﺑﻪ ﺧ ﻮاﻧﺪ ن اﯾﻦ ﮐ ﺘﺎ ب ﺳ ﻮ ق د اد ‪ ،‬ﺳ ﻮﮔ ﻮاری ﺑﺮای ﻣ ﺮ گ ﯾ ﮏ اﻧﺴ ﺎن‬
‫ﻧﺒﻮد‪ .‬اﻣﺎ ﺳﻮﮔﻮاری ﻫﻢ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻣﺨﺘﺺ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮگ ﻋﺰﯾﺰان ﳕﯽﺷﻮد‪ .‬ﻫﺮ زﻣﺎن ﮐﻪ ﻣﺎ‬
‫از ﻓ ﻘﺪ ان ﺑﺨ ﺸ ﯽ از ﻫ ﻮ ﯾﺘﻤ ﺎن ر ﱋ ﺑﺒﺮ ﯾﻢ ‪ ،‬ﺳ ﻮﮔ ﻮار ﯾﻢ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺑﭙﺬﯾﺮﯾﻢ ﮐﻪ ﺳﻮگ وﺟﻮد دارد و ﻣﺎ ﺑﺨﺸﯽ از آن ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪای ﻫﺴﺘﯿﻢ ﮐﻪ آن را‬
‫د ر ک ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨ ﻨ ﺪ ‪ .‬ﲤ ﺎ م ا ﻧ ﺴ ﺎ ن ﻫ ﺎ ی ﺳ ﻮ ﮔ ﻮا ر ﯾ ﮑ ﺪ ﯾ ﮕ ﺮ ر ا د ر ک ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨ ﻨ ﺪ و ﺑ ﻪ ﻃ ﺮ ز‬
‫ﻋ ﺠ ﯿﺒ ﯽ ‪ ،‬ﺷ ﮑ ﻞ د ر د ی ﮐ ﻪ ﲡ ﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨﯿﻢ ا ﺻ ﻼ ﺑﺎ ﭼ ﯿﺰی ﮐ ﻪ ﺑﺮای آن ﺳ ﻮ ﮔ ﻮ ا ر ﯾ ﻢ ‪،‬‬
‫ا ر ﺗ ﺒ ﺎ ﻃ ﯽ ﻧ ﺪ ا ر د ‪ ،‬ا ﯾ ﻦ د ر د د ر ﻫ ﻤ ﻪی ا ﻧ ﺴ ﺎ ن ﻫ ﺎ ﺑ ﺴ ﯿ ﺎ ر ﺷ ﺒ ﯿ ﻪ ا ﺳ ﺖ ‪ .‬ﭘ ﺲ ﺑ ﺎ ﯾ ﺪ ﺑ ﺎ‬
‫ﯾ ﮑ ﺪ ﯾ ﮕ ﺮ ﺣ ﺮ ف ﺑﺰ ﻧﯿﻢ ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﯾ ﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻫ ﻢ ﻓ ﺮ ﺻ ﺖ د ر ک ﮐ ﺮد ن و د ر ک ﺷ ﺪ ن ر ا ﺑ ﺪ ﻫ ﯿ ﻢ ‪،‬‬
‫ﭼ ﻮ ن ا ﯾ ﻦ ‪ ،‬ﻫ ﻤ ﺎن ﭼ ﯿﺰی اﺳ ﺖ ﮐ ﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣ ﺎ ا ﻣ ﮑ ﺎن ﻋ ﺒﻮ ر از ا ﯾﻦ ﻣ ﺮﺣ ﻠﻪ ر ا ﻣ ﯽ د ﻫ ﺪ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻫ ﺮ ز ﻣ ﺎ ن ﮐ ﻪ ﺣ ﺲ ﮐ ﻨﯿﻢ ﺳ ﻮ گ ﻣ ﺎ از ﻫ ﻤ ﻪ د ر د ﻧﺎ ﮐ ﺘﺮ و ﺑﺰ ر ﮔ ﺘﺮ و ﻣ ﺘ ﻔ ﺎ و ت ﺗﺮ اﺳ ﺖ ‪،‬‬
‫ﻫ ﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺧ ﻮد ﻣ ﺎ ن ﻇ ﻠﻢ ﮐ ﺮد ه ا ﯾ ﻢ و ﻫ ﻢ ﺑ ﻪ د ﯾ ﮕ ﺮا ن ‪ .‬ﺑ ﻪ ﺧ ﻮ د ﻣ ﺎ ن ؛ ز ﯾ ﺮا ﺧ ﻮ د ﻣ ﺎ ن ر ا‬
‫ﺑﻪ اﻧﺰوا ﮐﺸﺎﻧﺪهاﯾﻢ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻫﯿﭻ ﮐﺴﯽ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺎ را ﺑﻔﻬﻤﺪ و ﺑﻪ دﯾﮕﺮان‪،‬‬
‫ز ﯾﺮا رﳓ ﺸ ﺎن را ﮐ ﻮﭼ ﮏ ﺷ ﻤ ﺮد ه ا ﯾ ﻢ ‪.‬‬
‫ز ﻣ ﺎﻧ ﯽ ﮐ ﻪ اﯾﻦ ﮐ ﺘﺎ ب را ﺗﺮﺟ ﻤ ﻪ ﮐ ﺮد م ‪ ،‬ﺣ ﺲ ﮐ ﺮد م ﮐ ﻪ ﻧﺒﺎﯾﺪ از ر ﱋ اﻧﺴ ﺎن ﻫ ﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﮐ ﺴ ﺐ د رآ ﻣ ﺪ ﮐ ﻨﻢ ؛ آن ﻫ ﻢ ز ﻣ ﺎﻧ ﯽ ﮐ ﻪ ﻣ ﺮد م ﺳ ﺮز ﻣ ﯿﻨﻢ ﺑﯿﺶ از ﻫ ﺮﭼ ﯿﺰی ﺑﺎ ﺳ ﻮ گ‬
‫د ﺳ ﺖ و ﭘﻨﺠ ﻪ ﻧﺮم ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨﻨﺪ ‪ ،‬ز ﻣ ﺎﻧ ﯽ ﮐ ﻪ ﻫ ﺮﮐ ﺪ اﳑ ﺎن ﺳ ﻮ ﮔ ﻮار ﭼ ﯿﺰی اﺳ ﺖ ؛ ﯾﺎ‬
‫ﺳ ﻮ ﮔ ﻮار آن را ﺑﻄ ﻪ د و ﺳ ﺘ ﯽ ﮐ ﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣ ﻬ ﺎﺟ ﺮ ت د ﻓ ﺘﺮش ﺑﺴ ﺘﻪ ﺷ ﺪ ‪ ،‬ﻫ ﺴ ﺘﯿﻢ‪ .‬ﯾ ﺎ‬
‫ﺳ ﻮ ﮔ ﻮ ا ر د و ر ی ا ز ﺧ ﺎ ﻧ ﻮ اد ه ‪ ،‬ﯾ ﺎ ﺳ ﻮ ﮔ ﻮ ا ر آ ر ز و ﻫ ﺎ ﯾ ﯽ ﮐ ﻪ ﻣ ﺤ ﻘ ﻖ ﻧ ﺸ ﺪ ‪ ،‬ﯾ ﺎ ﺳ ﻮ ﮔ ﻮ ا ر‬
‫ﺷ ﻐ ﻠ ﯽ ﮐ ﻪ از د ﺳ ﺘﻤ ﺎن ر ﻓ ﺘﻪ ‪ ،‬ﯾﺎ ﺳ ﻮ ﮔ ﻮار ﺟ ﺪ ا ﺷ ﺪ ن از ﻋ ﺸ ﻘ ﻤ ﺎن ﻫ ﺴ ﺘﯿﻢ ‪ ،‬ﯾﺎ‬
‫ﺳ ﻮ ﮔ ﻮ ا ر ﺑ ﺮ ای ﻋ ﻀ ﻮ ی ا ز ﺑ ﺪ ﳕ ﺎ ن ﮐ ﻪ ا ز د ﺳ ﺖ د اد ه ا ﯾ ﻢ ﯾ ﺎ ﺳ ﻮ ﮔ ﻮ ا ر ﺑ ﺮ ا ی ﺧ ﻮ د ﻣ ﺎ ن‬
‫ﮐﻪ درﮔﯿﺮ ﺑﯿﻤﺎری ﺷﺪهاﯾﻢ و ﯾﺎ ﺳﻮﮔﻮار ﺟﺎنﻫﺎی ﺷﯿﺮﯾﻦ از دﺳﺖرﻓﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﭼﻪ‬
‫آ ن ﻫ ﺎ ﯾ ﯽ ﮐ ﻪ ﻣ ﯽ ﺷ ﻨﺎ ﺧ ﺘ ﯿ ﻢ و ا ز ﻋ ﺰ ﯾ ﺰا ﳕ ﺎ ن ﺑﻮ د ﻧ ﺪ و ﭼ ﻪ آ ن ﻫ ﺎ ﯾ ﯽ ﮐ ﻪ ﻓ ﻘ ﻂ ﻋ ﮑ ﺴ ﯽ ا ز‬
‫آ ن ﻫ ﺎ د ﯾ ﺪ ه ﺑﻮ د ﯾ ﻢ ا ﻣ ﺎ ﺳ ﻮ ﮔ ﺸ ﺎ ن ‪ ،‬ﺟ ﺎ ﳕ ﺎ ن ر ا ﺳ ﻮ ز ا ﻧﺪ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﺧ ﻮد م ﻓ ﮑ ﺮ ﮐ ﺮد م ﮐ ﻪ اﮔ ﺮ ﻋ ﻠﻢ ار زان ﺗﺮ از ﺧ ﺮاﻓ ﺎ ت و ﮐ ﺘﺎ ب ﻫ ﺎ ی ﺑ ﯽ ﻓ ﺎ ﯾ ﺪ ه‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷ ﺪ ‪ ،‬ﻣ ﺮد م ﻣ ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻧﯿﺰ ﻗ ﻄ ﻌﺎ ﻋ ﻠﻢ را اﻧﺘﺨ ﺎ ب ﺧ ﻮاﻫ ﻨﺪ ﮐ ﺮد ‪ .‬و آﻧﭽ ﻪ ﻣ ﺮد م د ر اﯾﻦ‬
‫ز ﻣ ﺎن ﺑﯿﺶ از ﻫ ﻤ ﻪ ﺑﻪ آن ﻧﯿﺎز د ار ﻧﺪ ‪ ،‬ﻫ ﻢ ﻫ ﻤ ﺎن ﻋ ﻠﻢ و د و ری از ﺷ ﺒﻪ ﻋ ﻠﻢ و‬
‫ﺧ ﺮا ﻓ ﺎ ت اﺳ ﺖ ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺧ ﻮد م ﻓ ﮑ ﺮ ﮐ ﺮد م ﮐ ﻪ د ر ا ﯾﻦ ﺷ ﺮا ﯾ ﻂ ا ﻗ ﺘﺼ ﺎد ی ‪ ،‬ﻫ ﯿ ﭻ اﻧﺴ ﺎ ﻧ ﯽ‬
‫ﻧﺒﺎﯾﺪ ﺑﯿﻦ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻧﯿﺎزﻫﺎی ﺿﺮوری زﻧﺪﮔﯽ و آﮔﺎﻫﯽ‪ ،‬ﯾﮑﯽ را اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﮐﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ا ﮔ ﺮ ﻣ ﯽ ﺗ ﻮ ا ﻧ ﺴ ﺘ ﻢ ‪ ،‬ﻫ ﺰ ا ر ا ن ﻧ ﺴ ﺨ ﻪ ﭼ ﺎ ﭘ ﯽ ا ز ا ﯾ ﻦ ﮐ ﺘ ﺎ ب ر ا د ر ﲤ ﺎ م ﺧ ﯿﺎ ﺑﺎ ن ﻫ ﺎ ی ﺷ ﻬ ﺮ‬
‫ﻣ ﯽ ﮔ ﺬ اﺷ ﺘﻢ و ﺑﺎ ﻻ ﯾ ﺶ ﻣ ﯽ ﻧﻮﺷ ﺘﻢ ؛ د وﺳ ﺖ ﻋ ﺰﯾﺰم اﮔ ﺮ ﺣ ﺲ ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨ ﯽ ﺳ ﻮ ﮔ ﻮار ی ‪،‬‬
‫ﯾ ﮏ ﻧﺴ ﺨ ﻪ از اﯾﻦ ﮐ ﺘﺎ ب را ﺑﺮد ار ‪.‬‬
‫اﮐ ﻨﻮن ﮐ ﻪ ﺟ ﻤ ﻼ ت ﭘﺎﯾﺎﻧ ﯽ اﯾﻦ ﻣ ﻘﺪ ﻣ ﻪ را ﻣ ﯽ ﻧﻮ ﯾﺴ ﻢ ‪ ،‬ﺣ ﺲ ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨﻢ ﮐ ﻪ د و ره‬
‫ﺳ ﻮ ﮔ ﻮ ا ر ی ﺧ ﻮ د م ﻧ ﯿ ﺰ ﺑ ﻪ ﭘﺎ ﯾﺎن ر ﺳ ﯿﺪ ه و ا ﻣ ﯿﺪ د ار م ﮐ ﻪ ﺷ ﻤ ﺎ ﻧﯿﺰ ر و ز ی ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎ ﯾﺎن ا ﯾﻦ‬
‫د و ره ﺑﺮﺳ ﯿﺪ ‪ .‬ﻫ ﺮ ﭼ ﻨﺪ ﮐ ﻪ ﺑﺮای ﺳ ﻮ گ ﻫ ﯿ ﭻ ﭘﺎﯾﺎﻧ ﯽ و ﺟ ﻮد ﻧﺪ ارد اﻣ ﺎ‬
‫ﺳ ﻮ ﮔ ﻮ ا ر ی ﻫ ﺎ ﯾ ﻤ ﺎ ن ﯾ ﮏ ر و ز ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎ ﯾ ﺎ ن ﺧ ﻮاﻫ ﻨﺪ ر ﺳ ﯿﺪ ‪.‬‬

‫د ر ﻧ ﻬ ﺎ ﯾ ﺖ ﻣ ﯽ ﺧ ﻮاﻫ ﻢ از ﻓ ﺮ ﺻ ﺖ اﺳ ﺘ ﻔ ﺎد ه ﮐ ﻨﻢ و از ﭼ ﻨﺪ ﻧ ﻔ ﺮ ﻗ ﺪ ر د اﻧ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨ ﻢ ؛‬

‫ـ او ل از ﻫ ﻤ ﻪ ‪ ،‬ﻣ ﺎد ر ! ﻣ ﺘﺸ ﮑ ﺮم ﮐ ﻪ از ﲤ ﺎ م ﺗﺼ ﻤ ﯿﻤ ﺎ ﰎ ﺣ ﻤ ﺎ ﯾ ﺖ ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨ ﯽ ‪ .‬ﳑ ﻨﻮ ن‬

‫ﮐ ﻪ د ر ﲤ ﺎ م ﳊ ﻈ ﺎ ﰎ ‪ ،‬آ ن ﮐ ﺴ ﯽ ﻫ ﺴ ﺘ ﯽ ﮐ ﻪ ﻣ ﯽ ﺗ ﻮ ا ﱎ ر و ﯾ ﺶ ﺣ ﺴ ﺎ ب ﮐ ﻨ ﻢ‪ .‬ﳑ ﻨ ﻮ ن ﮐ ﻪ‬

‫د ر ﮐ ﻨ ﺎ ر ﻣ ﺎ د ر ﺑ ﻮ د ن ‪ ،‬ﻫ ﻤ ﯿ ﺸ ﻪ ﺑ ﻬ ﺘ ﺮ ﯾ ﻦ د و ﺳ ﺘ ﻢ ﻫ ﺴ ﺘ ﯽ ‪ .‬و ﺟ ﻮد ﺗﻮ ﻗ ﻄ ﻌ ﺎ ز ﯾ ﺒﺎ ﺗﺮ ﯾ ﻦ‬

‫ﻗ ﺴ ﻤ ﺖ ز ﻧﺪ ﮔ ﯽ ﻣ ﻦ اﺳ ﺖ ‪.‬‬
‫ـ آ ر ا م ﻋ ﺰ ﯾ ﺰ م ‪ ،‬ﻣ ﺘ ﺸ ﮑ ﺮ م ‪ .‬اﮔ ﺮ ﺻ ﺤ ﺒﺖ ﻫ ﺎ ی ﺗﻮ ﻧﺒﻮ د ‪ ،‬ﻣ ﻦ ﻫ ﺮ ﮔ ﺰ ﺑ ﺎ ﻣ ﻔ ﻬ ﻮ م ﺳ ﻮ گ و‬

‫ا ﯾ ﻦ ﮐ ﺘﺎ ب آﺷ ﻨﺎ ﳕ ﯽ ﺷ ﺪ م ‪ .‬ﳑ ﻨ ﻮ ن ﮐ ﻪ د ر ﳊ ﻈ ﺎ ت ا ﻧ ﺪ و ه ﺑ ﺎ ر ز ﻧ ﺪ ﮔ ﯽ ‪ ،‬د و ﺳ ﺖ‬

‫ﺧ ﻮ ﺑ ﯽ ﺑﺮای ﻣ ﻦ ﺑﻮد ی ‪.‬‬

‫ـ آ ﻗ ﺎ ی ﺷ ﺎ ﯾ ﺎ ن ﻋ ﺰ ﯾ ﺰ ﻧ ﮋاد ‪ .‬ﻣ ﺘ ﺸ ﮑ ﺮ م ؛ ﮐ ﻪ ار ز ش ﻫ ﺎ ﯾ ﯽ ر ا ﺑﻪ ﻣ ﻦ ﯾ ﺎد آو ر ی ﮐ ﺮد ﯾ ﺪ ‪،‬‬

‫ﮐ ﻪ ﻓ ﺮا ﻣ ﻮ ش ﮐ ﺮد ه ﺑﻮد م ‪ .‬ﳑ ﻨﻮ ن ﮐ ﻪ ﻫ ﻤ ﯿﺸ ﻪ و ا ﻗ ﻊ ﺑﯿﻨ ﯽ را ﭼ ﺎﺷ ﻨ ﯽ اﻧﮕ ﯿﺰه‬

‫د اد ن ﻫ ﺎ ﯾ ﺘﺎ ن ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨﯿﺪ ‪ .‬اﮔ ﺮ ﺻ ﺤ ﺒﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺷ ﻤ ﺎ ﻧﺒﻮد ‪ ،‬ﻣ ﻦ ﻫ ﺮﮔ ﺰ ا ﯾﻦ ﮐ ﺘﺎ ب را ﺗﺮﺟ ﻤ ﻪ‬

‫ﳕ ﯽ ﮐ ﺮد م و اﮔ ﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺷ ﻤ ﺎ ﻗ ﻮل ا ﯾﻦ ﮐ ﺘﺎ ب را ﻧﺪ اد ه ﺑ ﻮ د م ‪ ،‬ﻫ ﺮ ﮔ ﺰ ﺗ ﺮ ﺟ ﻤ ﻪ آ ن ر ا ﺑ ﻪ اﲤ ﺎ م‬

‫ﳕ ﯽ ر ﺳ ﺎ ﻧﺪ م ‪.‬‬

‫ـ ﺻ ﺎ د ق و ﻣ ﺮ ﯾﻢ ﻋ ﺰ ﯾﺰ م ؛ ﺧ ﯿﻠ ﯽ ﻣ ﺘﺸ ﮑ ﺮم ﮐ ﻪ د ر ﺑﺎ ز ﺧ ﻮاﻧ ﯽ و و ﯾ ﺮا ﯾ ﺶ ﮐ ﺘﺎ ب ‪،‬‬

‫ﮐ ﻤ ﮑ ﻢ ﮐ ﺮد ﯾ ﺪ ‪.‬‬

‫_ ﺑ ﻬ ﺮ ا د ‪ ،‬د و ﺳ ﺖ ﻋ ﺰ ﯾﺰ و ﻫ ﻨﺮ ﻣ ﻨﺪ م ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺑﺖ ﮐ ﻤ ﮏ ﻫ ﺎ و ر اﻫ ﻨ ﻤ ﺎ ﯾ ﯽ ﻫ ﺎ ی ﺑﺰ ر ﮔ ﯽ ﮐ ﻪ‬

‫ﺧ ﻮد ت آن ﻫ ﺎ ر ا ﮐ ﻮ ﭼ ﮏ ﻣ ﯽ ﺷ ﻤ ﺎ ر ی ‪ ،‬ﺑ ﺴ ﯿﺎ ر ﺳ ﭙﺎ ﺳ ﮕ ﺰا ر م ‪.‬‬

‫ا ﯾ ﻦ ﺗ ﺮ ﺟ ﻤ ﻪ ﻗ ﻄ ﻌ ﺎ ﳑ ﻠ ﻮ ا ز ا ﺷ ﮑ ﺎ ل ا ﺳ ﺖ ‪ .‬ﭘ ﯿ ﺸ ﺎ ﭘ ﯿ ﺶ ا ز ﺻ ﺒ ﻮ ر ی ﺷ ﻤ ﺎ د ر ﺧ ﻮاﻧﺪ ن‬
‫آن ﺳ ﭙﺎس ﮔ ﺰار م و ﺑﺴ ﯿﺎر ﳑ ﻨﻮن ﺧ ﻮاﻫ ﻢ ﺷ ﺪ ﮐ ﻪ اﺷ ﮑ ﺎ ﻻ ت آن را از ﻃ ﺮ ﯾ ﻖ اﯾ ﻤ ﯿ ﻞ‬
‫ﯾﺎ ﺗﻠﮕ ﺮام ﺑﺎ ﻣ ﻦ ﺑﻪ اﺷ ﺘﺮاک ﺑﮕ ﺬ ار ﯾﺪ ‪.‬‬
 ‫ﻣ ﻘ ﺪ ﻣ ﻪ ﻧﻮ ﯾﺴ ﻨﺪ ه‬

‫از ز ﻣ ﺎﻧ ﯽ ﮐ ﻪ ر واﺑﻂ اﻧﺴ ﺎﻧ ﯽ و ﺟ ﻮد د اﺷ ﺘﻪ اﺳ ﺖ ‪ ،‬ﻣ ﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻣ ﺎﻫ ﯿﺖ ﻏ ﻢ اﻧﮕ ﯿﺰ ﺳ ﻮ گ‬

‫ﭘ ﺲ ا ز ﻣ ﺮ گ ﯾ ﮑ ﯽ ا ز ﻋ ﺰ ﯾ ﺰ ا ن ‪ ،‬د ﺳ ﺖ و ﭘ ﻨ ﺠ ﻪ ﻧ ﺮ م ﮐ ﺮ د ه ا ﯾ ﻢ ‪ .‬ﺷ ﺎ ﻋ ﺮا ن ‪،‬‬
‫ﻧ ﻮ ﯾ ﺴ ﻨ ﺪ ﮔ ﺎ ن و ﻫ ﻨ ﺮ ﻣ ﻨ ﺪ ا ن ‪ ،‬ﺗ ﺸ ﺒ ﯿ ﻪ ﻫ ﺎ ﯾ ﯽ ﺗ ﮑ ﺎ ن د ﻫ ﻨ ﺪ ه ا ز ﻣ ﺎ ﻫ ﯿ ﺖ ﺗ ﻘ ﺮ ﯾ ﺒﺎ ً و ﺻ ﻒ‬
‫ﻧﺎ ﭘﺬ ﯾﺮ ﻓ ﻘﺪ ان ‪ ،‬ﺑ ﺮ ا ی ﻣ ﺎ آ و ر د ها ﻧ ﺪ ؛ ﻣ ﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺗ ﺸ ﺒ ﯿ ﻪ آ ن ﺑﻪ ﻗ ﻄ ﻊ ﺷ ﺪ ن ﻋ ﻀ ﻮ ی ا ز‬
‫ﺑﺪﳕﺎن ﯾﺎ ﻏﯿﺒﺘﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺧﺮﻗﻪ ای ﺑﺮ ﻣﺎ ﺳﻨﮕﯿﻨﯽ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان اﻧﺴﺎن‪،‬‬
‫ﺑ ﻪ ﻧ ﻈ ﺮ ﻣ ﯽ ر ﺳ ﺪ ﮐ ﻪ ﻣ ﺎ ﻣ ﺠ ﺒﻮ ر ﯾ ﻢ ﺳ ﻌ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨﯿﻢ ﺳ ﻮ ﮔ ﻤ ﺎ ن ر ا ﺑ ﻪ ﺷ ﮑ ﻠ ﯽ ﺑ ﯿ ﺎ ن ﮐ ﻨ ﯿ ﻢ ‪ ،‬ﺗ ﺎ‬
‫ﺑﺘﻮاﻧﯿﻢ ﭼ ﮕ ﻮﻧﮕ ﯽ ﺣ ﻤ ﻞ اﯾﻦ ﺑﺎر را ﺗﻮ ﺻ ﯿ ﻒ ﮐ ﻨﯿﻢ ‪ .‬د ر ﻗ ﺮن ﺑﯿﺴ ﺘﻢ ر و اﻧﭙﺰﺷ ﮑ ﺎن‬
‫) ز ﯾ ﮕ ﻤ ﻮ ﻧﺪ ﻓ ﺮو ﯾ ﺪ ‪ ،‬ا ﻟﯿﺰا ﺑﺖ ﮐ ﻮ ﺑ ﻠﺮ ر اس و د ﯾ ﮕ ﺮان ( ‪ ،‬د ﯾ ﺪ ﮔ ﺎه ﻋ ﯿﻨ ﯽ ﺗ ﺮ ی ر ا ﺑ ﺮ ا ی‬
‫ﺗ ﻮ ﺻ ﯿ ﻒ ا ﺣ ﺴ ﺎ ﺳ ﺎ ت ا ﻓ ﺮاد ﻣ ﻮ ر د ﻣ ﺼ ﺎ ﺣ ﺒ ﻪ د ر ﻃ ﻮ ل ﺳ ﻮ گ ‪ ،‬ﺑ ﺮ ﮔ ﺰ ﯾ ﺪ ﻧ ﺪ ؛ و ﻣ ﺘ ﻮ ﺟ ﻪ‬
‫ا ﻟ ﮕ ﻮ ﻫ ﺎ و ﺷ ﺒﺎ ﻫ ﺖ ﻫ ﺎ ی ﻣ ﻌ ﻨ ﯽ د ا ر ی د ر ﺑ ﯿ ﻦ ا ﯾ ﻦ ا ﻓ ﺮاد ﺷ ﺪ ﻧ ﺪ ‪ .‬ﻣ ﻄ ﺎ ﻟ ﺐ ﻋ ﻠ ﻤ ﯽ‬
‫ز ﯾﺎد ی د ر ﺑﺎره » ﭼ ﮕ ﻮﻧﮕ ﯽ ﺳ ﻮ گ « ﻧﻮﺷ ﺘﻪ ﺷ ﺪ ه اﺳ ﺖ ـ د ر ﺑﺎر ه ا ﯾﻨﮑ ﻪ ﺳ ﻮ گ ﭼ ﻪ‬
‫اﺣ ﺴ ﺎﺳ ﯽ د ا ر د ‪ ،‬ﭼ ﻪ ﻣ ﺸ ﮑ ﻼ ﺗ ﯽ اﯾ ﺠ ﺎ د ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨﺪ ‪ ،‬و ﺣ ﺘ ﯽ و اﮐ ﻨﺶ ﻫ ﺎی ﺑﺪ ن د ر‬
‫ﺑ ﺮ ا ﺑ ﺮ آ ن ﭼ ﯿﺴ ﺖ ‪.‬‬
‫ا ﻣ ﺎ ﻣ ﻦ ﻫ ﻤ ﯿ ﺸ ﻪ ﻣ ﯽ ﺧ ﻮاﺳ ﺘﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺟ ﺎی » ﭼ ﮕ ﻮ ﻧ ﮕ ﯽ « ‪ » ،‬ﭼ ﺮا ﯾ ﯽ « ﻣ ﺎ ﺟ ﺮا ر ا د ر ک‬
‫ﮐ ﻨ ﻢ ‪ .‬ﭼ ﺮ ا ﺳ ﻮ گ ا ﯾ ﻨ ﻘ ﺪ ر د ر د ﻧﺎ ک اﺳ ﺖ ؟ ﭼ ﺮا ﻣ ﺮ گ ‪ ،‬ﻏ ﯿﺒ ﺖ د ا ﺋ ﻤ ﯽ ا ﯾ ﻦ ﻓ ﺮد ی ﮐ ﻪ‬
‫ﺑ ﺎ ا و ﭘ ﯿ ﻮ ﻧ ﺪ ﺧ ﻮ ر د ه ا ﯾ ﺪ ‪ ،‬ﻣ ﻨ ﺠ ﺮ ﺑ ﻪ ﭼ ﻨ ﯿ ﻦ ا ﺣ ﺴ ﺎ ﺳ ﺎ ت و ﯾ ﺮا ﻧ ﮕ ﺮ ی ﻣ ﯽ ﺷ ﻮ د و ﺑ ﻪ ر ﻓ ﺘ ﺎ ر‬
‫و ﺑ ﺎ و ر ﻫ ﺎ ﯾ ﯽ ﻣ ﻨ ﺠ ﺮ ﻣ ﯽ ﺷ ﻮ د ﮐ ﻪ ﺣ ﺘ ﯽ ﺑ ﺮ ای ﺧ ﻮ د ﺗ ﺎ ن ﻏ ﯿ ﺮ ﻗ ﺎ ﺑ ﻞ ﺗ ﻮ ﺿ ﯿ ﺢ ا ﺳ ﺖ ؟ ﻣ ﻦ‬
‫ﻣ ﻄ ﻤ ﺌﻦ ﺑﻮد م ﮐ ﻪ ﺑﺨ ﺸ ﯽ از ﭘﺎﺳ ﺦ را ﻣ ﯽ ﺗﻮان د ر ﻣ ﻐﺰ‪ ،‬ﯾ ﻌ ﻨ ﯽ ﻣ ﺤ ﻞ اﻓ ﮑ ﺎر و‬
‫اﺣ ﺴ ﺎﺳ ﺎ ت و اﻧﮕ ﯿﺰه ﻫ ﺎ و ر ﻓ ﺘﺎر ﻫ ﺎی ﻣ ﺎ ‪ ،‬ﯾﺎ ﻓ ﺖ ‪ .‬اﮔ ﺮ ﺑﺘﻮاﻧﯿﻢ از ا ﯾ ﻦ ز ا و ﯾ ﻪ ﮐ ﻪ ﻣ ﻐ ﺰ‬
‫د ر ﻫ ﻨ ﮕ ﺎ م ﺳ ﻮ گ ﭼ ﻪ ﮐ ﺎ ر ی اﳓ ﺎ م ﻣ ﯽ د ﻫ ﺪ ﺑ ﻪ ﻣ ﻮ ﺿ ﻮ ع ﻧ ﮕ ﺎ ه ﮐ ﻨ ﯿ ﻢ ‪ ،‬ﺷ ﺎ ﯾ ﺪ ﺑ ﺘﻮ ا ﻧ ﯿ ﻢ‬
‫ﭼ ﮕ ﻮﻧ ﮕ ﯽ ﻫ ﺎ ی آن را ﭘﯿﺪ ا ﮐ ﻨﯿﻢ و اﯾﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻣ ﺎ ﮐ ﻤ ﮏ ﻣ ﯽﮐ ﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ د ﻟﯿ ﻞ آن ر ا ﺑ ﻔ ﻬ ﻤ ﯿ ﻢ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣ ﺮ د م ا ﻏ ﻠ ﺐ ا ز ﻣ ﻦ ﻣ ﯽ ﭘ ﺮ ﺳ ﻨ ﺪ ﮐ ﻪ ﭼ ﻪ ا ﻧ ﮕ ﯿ ﺰ ها ی ﺑ ﺎ ﻋ ﺚ ﺷ ﺪ ﮐ ﻪ ﺑ ﻪ ﻣ ﻄ ﺎ ﻟ ﻌ ﻪ ﺳ ﻮ گ‬
‫ر و ی ﺑﯿﺎ و ر م و ﺑ ﻪ ﻣ ﺤ ﻘ ﻘ ﯽ د ر ا ﯾ ﻦ ز ﻣ ﯿ ﻨ ﻪ ﺗ ﺒ ﺪ ﯾ ﻞ ﺷ ﻮ م ‪ .‬ﻓ ﮑ ﺮ ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨ ﻢ ا ﯾ ﻦ ﺳ ﻮ ا ل‬
‫ﻣ ﻌ ﻤ ﻮ ﻻ ً ا ز ﯾ ﮏ ﮐ ﻨ ﺠ ﮑ ﺎ و ی ﺳ ﺎ د ه ﻧ ﺎ ﺷ ﯽ ﻣ ﯽ ﺷ ﻮ د ‪ ،‬ا ﻣ ﺎ ﺷ ﺎ ﯾ ﺪ ﻫ ﻢ د ﻟﯿ ﻠ ﺶ ا ﯾ ﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺷ ﺪ‬
‫ﮐ ﻪ ﻣ ﯽ ﺧ ﻮاﻫ ﻨﺪ ﺑﺪ اﻧﻨﺪ ﮐ ﻪ آ ﯾ ﺎ ﻣ ﯽ ﺗ ﻮ ا ﻧ ﻨ ﺪ ﺑ ﻪ ﻣ ﻦ ا ﻋ ﺘ ﻤ ﺎ د ﮐ ﻨ ﻨ ﺪ ﯾ ﺎ ﻧ ﻪ ‪ .‬ﺷ ﻤ ﺎ ﻧ ﯿ ﺰ ‪ ،‬ﺑ ﺎ‬
‫ﺧ ﻮاﻧﺪ ن ا ﯾ ﻦ ﻣ ﻄ ﻠ ﺐ ﳑ ﮑ ﻦ ا ﺳ ﺖ ﺑ ﺨ ﻮ ا ﻫ ﯿ ﺪ ﺑ ﺪ ا ﻧ ﯿ ﺪ ﮐ ﻪ آ ﯾ ﺎ ﻣ ﻦ د ر ﺷ ﺐ ﺗ ﺎ ر ﯾ ﮏ‬
‫ﻣ ﺮ گ و ﻓ ﻘﺪ ان ﻗ ﺪ م ﮔ ﺬ اﺷ ﺘﻪ ام ‪ ،‬و آ ﯾ ﺎ ا ز آ ﻧ ﭽ ﻪ راﺟ ﻊ ﺑﻪ آن ﺻ ﺤ ﺒﺖ و ﻣ ﻄ ﺎ ﻟﻌﻪ‬
‫ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨﻢ ‪ ،‬و ا ﻗ ﻌ ﺎ ﭼ ﯿﺰی ﻣ ﯽ د ا ﱎ ؟ ﺳ ﻮ ﮔ ﯽ ﮐ ﻪ ﻣ ﻦ ﲡ ﺮ ﺑﻪ ﮐ ﺮد ه ا م ﺑ ﺪ ﺗ ﺮ ا ز ﺳ ﻮ گ‬
‫ﮐ ﺴ ﺎ ﻧ ﯽ ﻧ ﺒ ﻮ د ه ا ﺳ ﺖ ﮐ ﻪ ﺑ ﺎ آ ﻧ ﻬ ﺎ ﺻ ﺤ ﺒ ﺖ ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨ ﻢ ‪ ،‬ﮐ ﺴ ﺎ ﻧ ﯽ ﮐ ﻪ ﻓ ﻘ ﺪ ان ﺧ ﻮد ‪ ،‬و‬
‫ز ﻧﺪ ﮔ ﯽ و ﯾ ﺮان ﺷ ﺪ ه ﺧ ﻮد د ر ﭘ ﯽ آن ﻓ ﻘ ﺪ ان ر ا ﺗ ﻮ ﺻ ﯿ ﻒ ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨ ﻨ ﺪ ‪ .‬ا ﻣ ﺎ ﻣ ﻦ ﻧ ﯿ ﺰ ﻓ ﻘ ﺪ ا ن‬
‫ر ا ﺷ ﻨ ﺎ ﺧ ﺘ ﻪا م ‪ .‬و ﻗ ﺘ ﯽ ﮐ ﻼ س ﻫ ﺸ ﺘ ﻢ ﺑ ﻮ د م ‪ ،‬ﻣ ﺎ د ر م ﺑ ﻪ ﺳ ﺮ ﻃ ﺎ ن ﺳ ﯿ ﻨ ﻪ ﻣ ﺮ ﺣ ﻠ ﻪ ‪4‬‬
‫ﻣ ﺒ ﺘ ﻼ ﺷ ﺪ ‪ .‬ﺳ ﻠ ﻮل ﻫ ﺎ ی ﺳ ﺮ ﻃ ﺎ ﻧ ﯽ د ر ﲤ ﺎ م ﻏ ﺪ د ﻟﻨ ﻔﺎو ی ای ‪ ،‬ﮐ ﻪ ﺟ ﺮا ح ﻫ ﻨ ﮕ ﺎ م‬
‫ﻣ ﺎﺳ ﺘﮑ ﺘﻮ ﻣ ﯽ ﺑﺮ ﯾﺪ ‪ ،‬ﺣ ﻀ ﻮر د اﺷ ﺘ ﻨﺪ ‪ ،‬ﺑ ﻨ ﺎ ﺑ ﺮ ا ﯾ ﻦ ﺟ ﺮا ح ﻣ ﯽ د اﻧﺴ ﺖ ﮐ ﻪ ا ﯾ ﻦ ﺳ ﻠ ﻮ ل‬
‫ﻫ ﺎ ا ز ﻗ ﺒ ﻞ ﺑ ﻪ ﺳ ﺎ ﯾ ﺮ ﻗ ﺴ ﻤ ﺖ ﻫ ﺎ ی ﺑﺪ ن او ﻧ ﯿ ﺰ ﭘ ﯿ ﺸ ﺮ و ی ﮐ ﺮ د ه ا ﻧ ﺪ ‪ .‬ا ز آ ﳓ ﺎ ﯾ ﯽ ﮐ ﻪ ﻣ ﻦ‬
‫ﻓ ﻘ ﻂ ﺳ ﯿﺰد ه ﺳ ﺎ ل د اﺷ ﺘﻢ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎ ﺳ ﺎ ل ﻫ ﺎ ﺑ ﻌ ﺪ ﻧ ﻔ ﻬ ﻤ ﯿﺪ م ﮐ ﻪ او ﻓ ﻘ ﻂ ﻗ ﺮار ﺑ ﻮ د ه ﻫ ﻤ ﺎن‬
‫ﯾ ﮏ ﺳ ﺎ ل ر ا ز ﻧﺪ ه ﲟ ﺎ ﻧﺪ ‪ .‬ا ﻣ ﺎ ﻣ ﯽ د اﻧﺴ ﺘﻢ ﮐ ﻪ ﺳ ﻮ گ ﺑ ﻪ ﺧ ﺎ ﻧ ﻪ ﻣ ﺎ آ ﻣ ﺪ ه و ز ﻧﺪ ﮔ ﯽ‬
‫ﺧ ﺎ ﻧﻮاد ﮔ ﯽ ﻣ ﺎ ر ا ﮐ ﻪ ﻗ ﺒ ﻼ ً ﺑﺎ ﺟ ﺪ ا ﯾ ﯽ و ا ﻟﺪ ﯾ ﻨﻢ و ا ﻓ ﺴ ﺮد ﮔ ﯽ ﻣ ﺎد ر م د ﺳ ﺖ و ﭘﻨﺠ ﻪ ﻧﺮ م‬
‫ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﺮد ‪ ،‬ﻣ ﺨ ﺘ ﻞ ﮐ ﺮد ه اﺳ ﺖ ‪ .‬آ ن ﺧ ﺎ ﻧ ﻪ د ر ا ر ﺗ ﻔ ﺎ ﻋ ﺎ ت ﮐ ﻮ ه ﻫ ﺎ ی ر ا ﮐ ﯽ ﺷ ﻤ ﺎ ﻟ ﯽ د ر‬
‫ﻧﺰد ﯾ ﮑ ﯽ آ ب ﭘ ﺨ ﺸ ﺎ ن ا ﻗ ﻠ ﯿ ﻤ ﯽ آ ﻣ ﺮ ﯾ ﮑ ﺎ ‪ ،‬د ر ﯾ ﮏ ﺷ ﻬ ﺮ ر و ﺳ ﺘﺎ ﯾ ﯽ ﻗ ﺮار د اﺷ ﺖ ﮐ ﻪ از‬
‫و ﺟ ﻮد ﯾ ﮏ ﮐ ﺎ ﻟ ﺞ ﮐ ﻮ ﭼ ﮏ ﺑ ﻬ ﺮه ﻣ ﯽ ﺑ ﺮ د ؛ ﺟ ﺎ ﯾ ﯽ ﮐ ﻪ ﭘﺪ ر م د ر آن ﺗﺪ ر ﯾ ﺲ ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﺮ د ‪.‬‬
‫اﻧﮑ ﻮ ﻟﻮژ ﯾﺴ ﺖ ﻣ ﺎد ر م او را ﺑﻪ ﻋ ﻨﻮان "او ﻟﯿﻦ ﻣ ﻌﺠ ﺰه " ﺧ ﻮد ﺗﻮﺻ ﯿ ﻒ ﮐ ﺮد ‪ :‬او ﺳ ﯿﺰد ه‬
‫ﺳ ﺎ ل د ﯾ ﮕ ﺮ ﭘ ﺲ از آن ﺳ ﺮﻃ ﺎن ز ﻧﺪ ﮔ ﯽ ﮐ ﺮد ـ ﻣ ﻬ ﻠ ﺘ ﯽ ا ز ﮐ ﺎ ﺋ ﻨ ﺎ ت ﺑ ﺮ ا ی د و د ﺧ ﺘ ﺮ‬
‫ﻧﻮﺟ ﻮاﻧﺶ ) ﻣ ﻦ و ﺧ ﻮاﻫ ﺮ ﺑﺰر ﮔ ﺘﺮ م ( ‪ .‬ا ﻣ ﺎ د ر اﯾﻦ د ﻧﯿﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻣ ﻦ ﻧﯿ ﺮ و ﺑﺨ ﺶ ﻋ ﺎﻃ ﻔ ﯽ‬
‫ﻣﺎدرم‪ ،‬و ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺧﻠﻖ و ﺧﻮی او ﺑﻮدم‪ .‬رﻓﱳ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻪ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه‪ ،‬اﮔﺮﭼﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺮای ﭘﯿﺸ ﺮ ﻓ ﺖ ﻣ ﻦ ‪ ،‬ﻣ ﻨﺎﺳ ﺐ ﺑﻮد ‪ ،‬اﻣ ﺎ ﻓ ﻘ ﻂ اﻓ ﺴ ﺮد ﮔ ﯽ او را ﺗﺸ ﺪ ﯾﺪ ﮐ ﺮد ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﻨﺎ ﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ‪ ،‬ﻣ ﯿ ﻞ ﻣ ﻦ ﺑﺮای د ر ک ﺳ ﻮ گ ﻧﻪ از ﲡ ﺮ ﺑﻪای ﮐ ﻪ ﺷ ﺨ ﺼ ﺎً ﭘ ﺲ از ﻣ ﺮ گ او‬
‫د ر ﺑ ﯿ ﺴ ﺖ و ﺷ ﺶ ﺳ ﺎ ﻟ ﮕ ﯽ ﺑ ﺎ آ ن ر و ﺑ ﻪ ر و ﺷ ﺪ م ‪ ،‬ﺑ ﻠ ﮑ ﻪ از ﻣ ﯿ ﻞ ﺑﻪ د ر ک ﺳ ﻮ گ و د ر د‬
‫ﻣ ﺎد ر م د ر ﮔ ﺬ ﺷ ﺘﻪ و آ ﻣ ﻮﺧ ﱳ آﻧﭽ ﻪ ﻣ ﯽ ﺗﻮ ا ﻧ ﺴ ﺘ ﻢ ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮای ﮐ ﻤ ﮏ ﺑﻪ او اﳓ ﺎ م د ﻫ ﻢ ‪،‬‬
‫ﻧﺎﺷ ﯽ ﻣ ﯽ ﺷ ﻮ د ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣ ﻦ ﺑﻪ د اﻧﺸ ﮕ ﺎه ﻧﻮ ر ث و ﺳ ﺘﺮن د ر ﺧ ﺎر ج از ﺷ ﯿﮑ ﺎﮔ ﻮ ر ﻓ ﺘﻢ و ﻣ ﺸ ﺘﺎ ق ﺑﻮد م ﮐ ﻪ از‬
‫آن ز ﻧﺪ ﮔ ﯽ ر و ﺳ ﺘﺎ ﯾ ﯽ ﻓ ﺮار ﮐ ﻨﻢ ‪ ،‬و د ر ﺷ ﻬﺮی ﺑﻪ د اﻧﺸ ﮕ ﺎه ﺑﺮو م ﮐ ﻪ ﻓ ﻘ ﻂ د ر ﯾ ﮏ‬
‫ﺑﻠﻮک آن ﺑﯿﺸ ﺘﺮ از ﮐ ﻞ ﺟ ﻤ ﻌﯿﺖ ﺷ ﻬﺮ ﻣ ﻦ ‪ ،‬ﮐ ﺎر ﻣ ﻨﺪ وﺟ ﻮد داﺷ ﺖ ‪ .‬او ﻟﯿﻦ ﺑﺎری ﮐﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﺼ ﻮ ﯾﺮ ﺑ ﺮد ار ی ﻋ ﺼ ﺒ ﯽ ﮐ ﺎر ﺑﺮد ی ﺑﺮﺧ ﻮ رد ﮐ ﺮد م ‪ ،‬ز ﻣ ﺎﻧ ﯽ ﺑﻮد ﮐ ﻪ د ر اواﯾ ﻞ د ﻫ ﻪ‬
‫‪ ،1990‬ﭼﻨﺪ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ راﺟﻊ ﺑﻪ آن در ﮐﺘﺎب درﺳﯽ »ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ ای ﺑﺮ ﻋﻠﻮم‬
‫اﻋﺼﺎب« ﺧﻮاﻧﺪم‪ .‬ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺮﺑﺮداری ﺗﺸﺪﯾﺪی ﻣﻐﻨﺎﻃﯿﺴﯽ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدی )‪(fMRI‬‬
‫ﯾ ﮏ ﻓ ﻨﺎو ری ﮐ ﺎ ﻣ ﻼ ً ﺟ ﺪ ﯾﺪ ﺑﻮد ﮐ ﻪ ﻓ ﻘ ﻂ ﺑﺮای ﺗﻌ ﺪ اد اﻧﮕ ﺸ ﺖ ﺷ ﻤ ﺎری از ﻣ ﺤ ﻘ ﻘﺎن‬
‫د ر ﺳ ﺮاﺳ ﺮ ﺟ ﻬﺎن د ر د ﺳ ﺘﺮس ﺑﻮد ‪ .‬ﻣ ﻦ ﮐ ﺎ ﻣ ﻼ ً ﮐ ﻨﺠ ﮑ ﺎو ﺷ ﺪ ه ﺑﻮد م ‪ .‬اﮔ ﺮﭼ ﻪ ﺗﺼ ﻮ ر‬
‫ﳕ ﯽ ﮐ ﺮد م ﮐ ﻪ ﻫ ﺮﮔ ﺰ ﺑﻪ ﭼ ﻨﯿﻦ د ﺳ ﺘﮕ ﺎﻫ ﯽ د ﺳ ﺘﺮﺳ ﯽ د اﺷ ﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷ ﻢ ‪ ،‬ا ﻣ ﺎ از اﺣ ﺘﻤ ﺎل‬
‫ا ﯾ ﻨ ﮑ ﻪ د ا ﻧ ﺸ ﻤ ﻨ ﺪ ا ن ﺑ ﺘ ﻮ ا ﻧ ﻨ ﺪ ﺟ ﻌ ﺒ ﻪ ﺳ ﯿﺎ ه ﻣ ﻐ ﺰ ر ا ﺑ ﺎ ا ﺳ ﺘ ﻔ ﺎ د ه ا ز آ ن ﺑ ﺒ ﯿ ﻨ ﻨ ﺪ ﻫ ﯿ ﺠ ﺎ ن ز د ه‬
‫ﺑﻮد م ‪.‬‬
‫د ه ﺳ ﺎل ﺑﻌ ﺪ ‪ ،‬د ر ﻣ ﻘ ﻄ ﻊ ﲢ ﺼ ﯿﻼ ت ﺗ ﮑ ﻤ ﯿﻠ ﯽ د ر د اﻧﺸ ﮕ ﺎه آر ﯾﺰو ﻧﺎ‪ ،‬ﭘﺎ ﯾﺎن ﻧﺎ ﻣ ﻪ‬
‫ﺧ ﻮد ر ا ﮐ ﻪ ﻣ ﻄ ﺎ ﻟ ﻌ ﻪ ای د ر ﻣ ﻮ ر د ﻣ ﺪ اﺧ ﻠﻪ ای ﺑﺮای ﺳ ﻮ گ ﺑﻮد ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎ ﯾﺎن ر ﺳ ﺎﻧﺪ م ‪.‬‬
‫ﯾ ﮑ ﯽ از اﻋ ﻀ ﺎی ﮐ ﻤ ﯿﺘﻪ ﭘﺎ ﯾﺎن ﻧﺎ ﻣ ﻪ ﻣ ﻦ ﮐ ﻪ ﯾ ﮏ ر و اﻧﭙﺰﺷ ﮏ ﺑﻮد ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻣ ﻦ ﭘﯿﺸ ﻨﻬ ﺎد‬
‫ﮐ ﺮد ﮐ ﻪ از اﯾﻦ ﻓ ﺮﺻ ﺖ ﻋ ﺎ ﻟ ﯽ ﺑﺮای د ﯾﺪ ن اﯾﻨﮑ ﻪ ﺳ ﻮ گ د ر ﻣ ﻐ ﺰ ﭼ ﮕ ﻮ ﻧﻪ اﺳ ﺖ ‪،‬‬
‫ا ﺳ ﺘ ﻔ ﺎ د ه ﮐ ﻨ ﻢ ‪ .‬ا و ﺗ ﻮ ﺻ ﯿ ﻪ ﮐ ﺮ د ﮐ ﻪ ا ز ﺷ ﺮ ﮐ ﺖ ﮐﻨ ﻨ ﺪ ﮔ ﺎ ن د ر ﻣ ﻄ ﺎ ﻟ ﻌ ﻪ ﭘ ﺎ ﯾ ﺎ ن ﻧ ﺎ ﻣ ﻪ ا م‬
‫دﻋﻮت ﮐﻨﻢ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺮای اﺳﮑﻦ ‪ fMRI‬ﺑﺮﮔﺮدﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺮدد ﺑﻮدم‪ .‬ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻼً ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻻزم‬
‫ﺑﺮای د ﮐ ﺘﺮی ﺧ ﻮد را د ر ر واﻧﺸ ﻨﺎﺳ ﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻟﯿﻨ ﯽ ﺗﮑ ﻤ ﯿ ﻞ ﮐ ﺮد ه ﺑﻮد م ‪ .‬ﺗﺼ ﻮ ﯾﺮ ﺑﺮد اری‬
‫ﻋ ﺼ ﺒ ﯽ ﯾ ﮏ ﻓ ﻨ ﺎ و ر ی ﮐ ﺎ ﻣ ﻼ ً ﺟ ﺪ ﯾ ﺪ ﺑ ﺮ ا ی ﯾ ﺎ د ﮔ ﯿ ﺮ ی ﺑ ﻮ د ‪ ،‬و ﯾ ﺎد ﮔ ﯿﺮ ی آن ﺑ ﺴ ﯿﺎ ر‬
‫ﺳ ﺨ ﺖ ﺑ ﻮ د ‪ .‬ا ﻣ ﺎ ﮔ ﺎ ﻫ ﯽ ا و ﻗ ﺎ ت ﺳ ﺘﺎ ر ﮔ ﺎ ن ﲤ ﺎ م ﺷ ﺮا ﯾ ﻂ ﺑ ﺮ ا ی ا ﳓ ﺎ م ﯾ ﮏ ﭘ ﺮ و ژ ه ر ا‬
‫ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪ‪ ،‬و ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﻣﺎ اوﻟﯿﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ‪ fMRI‬را در ﻣﻮرد ﺳﻮگ آﻏﺎز‬
‫ﮐ ﺮ د ﯾ ﻢ ‪ .‬ر و ا ﻧ ﭙ ﺰ ﺷ ﮏ ‪ ،‬ر ﯾ ﭽ ﺎ ر د ﻟ ﯿ ﻦ ‪ ،‬ﻓ ﺮ ﺻ ﺖ ﻣ ﻄ ﺎ ﻟﻌ ﺎ ﺗ ﯽ ﺧ ﻮد ر ا د ر د ا ﻧ ﺸ ﮕ ﺎ ه ﮐ ﺎ ﻟ ﺞ‬
‫ﻟ ﻨ ﺪ ن ﮔ ﺬ ر ا ﻧ ﺪ ه ﺑﻮ د ‪ ،‬ﺟ ﺎ ﯾ ﯽ ﮐ ﻪ ﺑ ﺮ ﺧ ﯽ ا ز ا و ﻟ ﯿ ﻦ ر و ش ﻫ ﺎ ﺑﺮای ﲡ ﺰ ﯾ ﻪ و ﲢ ﻠ ﯿ ﻞ‬
‫ﺗﺼﺎوﯾﺮ اﺳﮑﻦ ‪ fMRI‬اﯾﺠﺎد ﺷﺪه ﺑﻮد‪ .‬ﻟﯿﻦ ﻣﺎﯾﻞ ﺑﻮد ﺗﺎ آﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰ ‪ fMRI‬را ﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ‬
‫آ ﻣ ﻮ ز ش د ﻫ ﺪ ‪ ،‬ا ﻣ ﺎ ﻫ ﻤ ﭽ ﻨ ﺎ ن ﻧ ﯿ ﺰ ﮐ ﺎ ر ی ﻏ ﯿ ﺮ ﻗ ﺎ ﺑ ﻞ ا ﳓ ﺎ م ﺑ ﻪ ﻧ ﻈ ﺮ ﻣ ﯽ ر ﺳ ﯿﺪ ‪.‬‬
‫و ﺑﺎ ا ﯾ ﻦ ﺣ ﺎ ل ﺳ ﺘﺎ ر ﮔ ﺎ ن ﺷ ﺮا ﯾ ﻂ ر ا ﻓ ﺮ ا ﻫ ﻢ ﮐ ﺮ د ﻧ ﺪ ‪ .‬ﯾ ﮏ ر و ا ﻧ ﭙ ﺰ ﺷ ﮏ آ ﳌ ﺎ ﻧ ﯽ ﺑ ﻪ ﻧ ﺎ م‬
‫ﻫ ﺎ ر ا ﻟﺪ ﮔ ﻮ ﻧﺪ ل ﻣ ﯽ ﺧ ﻮاﺳ ﺖ ﺑﻪ ا ﯾ ﺎ ﻻ ت ﻣ ﺘﺤ ﺪ ه ﺑﯿﺎ ﯾ ﺪ ﺗﺎ ﻟﯿﻦ ﺑﺘﻮاﻧﺪ ر و ش ﻫ ﺎ ی‬
‫ﺗﺼ ﻮﯾﺮ ﺑﺮداری ﻋ ﺼ ﺒﯽ را ﺑﻪ او ﻧﯿﺰ آﻣ ﻮزش د ﻫ ﺪ ‪ .‬ﻣ ﻦ و ﮔ ﻮﻧﺪ ل ﺑﺮای او ﻟﯿﻦ ﺑﺎر د ر‬
‫ﻣﺎرس ‪ 2000‬ﻫﻤﺪﯾﮕﺮ را دﯾﺪﯾﻢ و ﺑﻪ راﺣﺘﯽ ﺑﺎ ﯾﮑﺪﯾﮕﺮ ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺮﻗﺮار ﮐﺮدﯾﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣ ﺎ د ر ﻣ ﻮ ر د ا ﯾ ﻨ ﮑ ﻪ ﭼ ﮕ ﻮ ﻧ ﻪ ﻣ ﻐ ﺰ ‪ ،‬ر و ا ﺑ ﻂ اﻧﺴ ﺎ ﻧ ﯽ ر ا ﺣ ﻔ ﻆ ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨ ﺪ و ﺑ ﻪ ﻣ ﺎ ﮐ ﻤ ﮏ‬
‫ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨﺪ اﺣ ﺴ ﺎﺳ ﺎ ت ﺧ ﻮد را ﺗﻨﻈ ﯿﻢ ﮐ ﻨﯿﻢ ‪ ،‬و ﮐ ﻨﺠ ﮑ ﺎو ی د ر ﻣ ﻮ رد ا ﯾ ﻨ ﮑ ﻪ و ﻗ ﺘ ﯽ ا ﯾ ﻦ‬
‫ر و ا ﺑ ﻂ از ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣ ﯽ ر و د ﭼ ﻪ اﺗ ﻔ ﺎ ﻗ ﯽ ﻣ ﯽ ا ﻓ ﺘﺪ ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﻫ ﻢ ﺻ ﺤ ﺒﺖ ﮐ ﺮد ﯾ ﻢ ‪ .‬ﭼ ﻪ ﮐ ﺴ ﯽ‬
‫ﻓ ﮑ ﺮش را ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﺮد ﮐ ﻪ د و ﻣ ﺤ ﻘ ﻖ ﮐ ﻪ د ر د و ﮐ ﺸ ﻮ ر ﻣ ﺘ ﻔﺎو ت و ﺑﺎ ﯾ ﮏ د ﻫ ﻪ ﻓ ﺎﺻ ﻠﻪ از‬
‫ﯾ ﮑ ﺪ ﯾ ﮕ ﺮ ﺑﻪ د ﻧﯿﺎ ﻣ ﯽ آ ﯾ ﻨ ﺪ ‪ ،‬ا ﻧ ﻘ ﺪ ر ﻋ ﻼ ﯾ ﻖ ﻣ ﺸ ﺎ ﺑ ﻬ ﯽ د ا ﺷ ﺘ ﻪ ﺑ ﺎ ﺷ ﻨ ﺪ ؟ ﺑﻨﺎ ﺑﺮا ﯾ ﻦ ‪،‬‬
‫ﻗ ﻄ ﻌ ﺎ ت ﻻ ز م ﺑ ﺮ ا ی ﺷ ﺮ و ع ﻣ ﻄ ﺎ ﻟ ﻌ ﻪ د ر ﺟ ﺎ ی ﺧ ﻮ د ﻗ ﺮ ار ﮔ ﺮ ﻓ ﺘ ﻨ ﺪ ‪ .‬ا ز ﭘ ﺎ ﯾ ﺎ ن ﻧ ﺎ ﻣ ﻪ ا م ‪،‬‬
‫ﮔ ﺮ و ﻫ ﯽ ا ز ا ﻓ ﺮ ا د د ا ﻏ ﺪ ا ر ر ا ﻣ ﯽ ﺷ ﻨﺎ ﺧ ﺘ ﻢ ﮐ ﻪ ﻣ ﺎ ﯾ ﻞ ﺑﻪ اﳓ ﺎ م اﺳ ﮑ ﻦ ﺑﻮ د ﻧ ﺪ ‪ .‬ﮔ ﻮ ﻧ ﺪ ل‬
‫از ﺳ ﺎﺧ ﺘﺎر و ﻋ ﻤ ﻠﮑ ﺮد ﻣ ﻐﺰ ‪ ،‬آﮔ ﺎﻫ ﯽ د اﺷ ﺖ ‪ .‬ﻟﯿﻦ ﻣ ﻬﺎر ت ﺗﺼ ﻮ ﯾﺮ ﺑﺮد اری د اﺷ ﺖ ‪.‬‬
‫ﯾ ﮏ ﻣ ﺎ ﻧ ﻊ د ﯾ ﮕ ﺮ ﻧ ﯿ ﺰ ﻧ ﯿ ﺎ ز ﺑ ﻪ ﻣ ﺪ ا ﺧ ﻠ ﻪ ﺧ ﯿ ﺮ ﺧ ﻮ ا ﻫ ﺎ ﻧ ﻪ ﺳ ﺘﺎ ر ﮔ ﺎ ن د ا ﺷ ﺖ ‪ .‬ﮔ ﻮ ﻧ ﺪ ل ﻓ ﻘ ﻂ‬
‫ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺴﺖ ﯾﮏ ﻣﺎه ﺑﻪ اﯾﺎﻻت ﻣﺘﺤﺪه ﺑﯿﺎﯾﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﻦ در ژوﺋﯿﻪ ‪ 2001‬ﺑﺮای‬
‫ﮐﺎرآﻣﻮزی ﺑﺎﻟﯿﻨﯽ ﺧﻮد ﺑﻪ ‪ UCLA‬ﻣﯽ رﻓﺘﻢ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﺮز ﻧﮕﺮان ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ای‪ ،‬در ﺗﻨﻬﺎ‬
‫ز ﻣ ﺎﻧ ﯽ ﮐ ﻪ ﻫ ﻤ ﻪ ﻣ ﺎ ﻣ ﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺴ ﺘﯿﻢ د ر ﺗﻮﺳ ﺎن ‪ ،‬آر ﯾﺰو ﻧﺎ د و ر ﻫ ﻢ ﺟ ﻤ ﻊ ﺷ ﻮ ﯾﻢ ‪ ،‬ﻗ ﺮار‬
‫ﺑﻮد اﺳ ﮑ ﻨﺮ ﺗﺼ ﻮ ﯾﺮ ﺑﺮد ار ی ﻋ ﺼ ﺒ ﯽ د ر ﻣ ﺮﮐ ﺰ ﭘﺰﺷ ﮑ ﯽ د اﻧﺸ ﮕ ﺎه ﻣ ﺎ‪ ،‬ﺟ ﺎ ﯾ ﮕ ﺰ ﯾﻦ‬
‫ﺷ ﻮ د ‪ .‬ا ﻣ ﺎ ﻫ ﻤ ﻪ ﭘ ﺮ و ژ ه ﻫ ﺎ ی ﺳ ﺎ ﺧ ﺘﻤ ﺎ ﻧ ﯽ از ﯾ ﮏ ﻣ ﺸ ﮑ ﻞ ر ﱋ ﻣ ﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻧﺪ ‪ :‬ﻋ ﻘ ﺐ‬
‫اﻓﺘﺎدن از ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ‪ ،‬در ﻣﯽ ‪ ،2001‬ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ اﺳﮑﻨﺮ ﺧﺎﻟﯽ ﺑﻮد‪ ،‬اﻣﺎ‬
‫اﺳ ﮑ ﻨﺮ ﻗ ﺪ ﯾﻤ ﯽ ﺗﺮ ﻫ ﻨﻮ ز د ر د ﺳ ﺘﺮس ﺑﻮد ‪ .‬او ﻟﯿﻦ ﻣ ﻄ ﺎ ﻟﻌﻪ ﺗﺼ ﻮ ﯾﺮ ﺑﺮد اری ﻋ ﺼ ﺒ ﯽ‬
‫ﺳ ﻮ گ د ر ﭼ ﻬﺎر ﻫ ﻔﺘﻪ اﳓ ﺎم ﺷ ﺪ ‪ ،‬ﯾ ﮏ ر ﮐ ﻮ رد د ر ز ﻣ ﺎن ﺗﮑ ﻤ ﯿ ﻞ ﭘﺮو ژه ﲢ ﻘﯿ ﻘﺎﺗ ﯽ ‪.‬‬
‫ا ﯾ ﻦ ﮐ ﺘﺎ ب ﻋ ﻼ و ه ﺑ ﺮ ﻣ ﻮ ﺿ ﻮ ﻋ ﺎ ت د ﯾ ﮕ ﺮ ‪ ،‬ﻧﺘﺎ ﯾ ﺞ آ ن ﻣ ﻄ ﺎ ﻟ ﻌ ﻪ ر ا ﻧ ﯿ ﺰ ﺑ ﻪ ﺷ ﻤ ﺎ ا ر ا ﺋ ﻪ ﻣ ﯽ‬
‫دﻫ ﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﻘﻞ ﻣﮑﺎن ﺑﻪ ‪ UCLA‬اﯾﻦ ﻓﺮﺻﺖ را ﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ داد ﺗﺎ زﻣﯿﻨﻪ دﯾﮕﺮی از ﺗﺨﺼﺺ را‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻣ ﺠ ﻤ ﻮ ﻋ ﻪ ا ﺑﺰار ﻋ ﻠﻤ ﯽ ﺧ ﻮد اﺿ ﺎ ﻓ ﻪ ﮐ ﻨﻢ ‪ .‬ﻣ ﻦ د و ر ه ﮐ ﺎرآ ﻣ ﻮ ز ی ﺑﺎ ﻟﯿﻨ ﯽ ﺧ ﻮد را د ر‬
‫آﳓ ﺎ ﮔ ﺬ ر اﻧﺪ م ‪ ،‬ﯾ ﮏ ﺳ ﺎل ﮐ ﺎ ر ﺑﺎ ﻟﯿﻨ ﯽ د ر ﺑﯿﻤ ﺎ ر ﺳ ﺘﺎن و ﮐ ﻠﯿﻨﯿ ﮏ ﻫ ﺎ ‪ ،‬ﮐ ﻪ د ر آن‬
‫ﻣ ﺮاﺟ ﻌﺎﻧ ﯽ را د ﯾﺪ م ﮐ ﻪ د ارای ﻃ ﯿ ﻒ و ﺳ ﯿﻌ ﯽ از ﻣ ﺴ ﺎﺋ ﻞ ﺑﻬ ﺪ اﺷ ﺖ ر واﻧ ﯽ و ﭘﺰﺷ ﮑ ﯽ‬
‫ﺑﻮد ﻧ ﺪ ‪ .‬ﭘ ﺲ ا ز د و ر ه ﮐ ﺎ ر آ ﻣ ﻮ ز ی ﺑ ﺎ ﻟ ﯿ ﻨ ﯽ ‪ ،‬ﻣ ﻦ ﯾ ﮏ ﻓ ﻠ ﻮ ﺷ ﯿ ﭗ ﻓ ﻮ ق د ﮐ ﺘ ﺮ ا د ر ا ﯾ ﻤ ﻨ ﯽ‬
‫ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﻋﺼﺒﯽ رواﻧﯽ )‪ (PNI‬را آﻏﺎز ﮐﺮدم‪ ،‬ﮐﻪ ﯾﮏ اﺻﻄﻼح ﻓﺎﻧﺘﺰی ﺑﺮای‬
‫ﻣ ﻄ ﺎ ﻟ ﻌ ﻪ ﭼ ﮕ ﻮ ﻧ ﮕ ﯽ ﺗ ﻨ ﺎ ﺳ ﺐ ا ﯾ ﻤ ﻨ ﯽ ﺷ ﻨﺎ ﺳ ﯽ ﺑ ﺎ د ر ک ﻣ ﺎ ا ز ر و ا ﻧ ﺸ ﻨ ﺎ ﺳ ﯽ و ﻋ ﻠ ﻮ م‬
‫اﻋﺼﺎب اﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﻦ ده ﺳﺎل در داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ‪ UCLA‬ﻣﺎﻧﺪم و ﺑﻪ داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ‬
‫ﺷ ﺪ م ‪ ،‬اﻣ ﺎ د ر ﻧﻬﺎ ﯾ ﺖ ﺑﻪ د اﻧﺸ ﮕ ﺎه آر ﯾﺰو ﻧﺎ ﺑﺎز ﮔ ﺸ ﺘﻢ ‪ .‬ﻣ ﻦ آز ﻣ ﺎ ﯾﺸ ﮕ ﺎه ﻏ ﻢ ‪ ،‬ﻓ ﻘﺪ ان‬
‫و اﺳﺘﺮس اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ )‪ (GLASS‬را در داﻧﺸﮕﺎه آرﯾﺰوﻧﺎ اداره ﻣﯽﮐﻨﻢ‪ ،‬ﻧﻘﺸﯽ‬
‫ﮐ ﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣ ﻦ ا ﯾ ﻦ ا ﻣ ﮑ ﺎ ن ر ا ﻣ ﯽ د ﻫ ﺪ ﮐ ﻪ ﻫ ﻢ ﺑﻪ د اﻧﺸ ﺠ ﻮ ﯾﺎن ﮐ ﺎر ﺷ ﻨﺎﺳ ﯽ و ﻫ ﻢ ﺑﻪ‬
‫د اﻧﺸ ﺠ ﻮ ﯾﺎ ن ﲢ ﺼ ﯿ ﻼ ت ﺗ ﮑ ﻤ ﯿﻠ ﯽ آ ﻣ ﻮ ز ش د ﻫ ﻢ و ﺑﺮ ﻧﺎ ﻣ ﻪ آ ﻣ ﻮ ز ش ﺑﺎ ﻟﯿﻨ ﯽ ر ا‬
‫ﻫ ﺪ ا ﯾ ﺖ ﮐ ﻨ ﻢ ‪ .‬ا ﮐ ﻨﻮ ن ﺑ ﺮ ﻧ ﺎ ﻣ ﻪ ر و ز ا ﻧ ﻪ ی ﻣ ﻦ ﺑ ﺴ ﯿ ﺎ ر ﻣ ﺘ ﻨ ﻮ ع ا ﺳ ﺖ ‪ .‬ﺳ ﺎ ﻋ ﺖ ﻫ ﺎ ی‬
‫ز ﯾﺎد ی را ﺻ ﺮف ﺧ ﻮاﻧﺪ ن ﻣ ﻄ ﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﲢ ﻘﯿ ﻘﺎﺗﯽ و ﻃ ﺮاﺣ ﯽ ﻣ ﻄ ﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﺟ ﺪ ﯾﺪ ی‬
‫ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨ ﻢ ﮐ ﻪ ﻣ ﮑ ﺎ ﻧ ﯿ ﺴ ﻢ ﻫ ﺎ ی ﲡ ﺮ ﺑﻪ ز و د ﮔ ﺬ ر ﺳ ﻮ گ ر ا ﺑ ﺮ ر ﺳ ﯽ ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨ ﻨ ﺪ ‪ .‬ﻣ ﻦ د ر ﻣ ﻘ ﻄ ﻊ‬
‫ﮐ ﺎر ﺷ ﻨﺎﺳ ﯽ د ر ﮐ ﻼ س ﻫ ﺎی ﺑﺰر گ و ﮐ ﻮﭼ ﮏ ﺗﺪ ر ﯾ ﺲ ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨﻢ ‪ .‬ﻣ ﻦ ﺑﺎ‬
‫ر و اﻧﺸ ﻨﺎ ﺳ ﺎ ن ﺑﺎ ﻟﯿﻨ ﯽ د ﯾ ﮕ ﺮ ی د ر ﺳ ﺮ ا ﺳ ﺮ ﮐ ﺸ ﻮ ر و ﺟ ﻬ ﺎ ن ﮐ ﺎ ر ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨ ﻢ ﺗ ﺎ ﺑ ﻪ‬
‫ﺟ ﻬ ﺖ ﮔ ﯿﺮی ﲢ ﻘﯿ ﻘﺎ ت د ر ز ﻣ ﯿﻨﻪ ﺳ ﻮ گ ﮐ ﻤ ﮏ ﮐ ﻨﻢ ‪ .‬ﻣ ﻦ د اﻧﺸ ﺠ ﻮ ﯾﺎن ﻓ ﺎرغ‬
‫ا ﻟﺘﺤ ﺼ ﯿ ﻞ ر ا ر ا ﻫ ﻨ ﻤ ﺎ ﯾ ﯽ ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨ ﻢ ‪ ،‬ﺑ ﻪ آ ﻧ ﻬ ﺎ ﮐ ﻤ ﮏ ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨ ﻢ ﺗ ﺎ ﻣ ﺪ ل ﻫ ﺎ ی ﻋ ﻠ ﻤ ﯽ ﺧ ﻮ د‬
‫ر ا ﺗ ﻮ ﺳ ﻌ ﻪ د ﻫ ﻨ ﺪ ‪ ،‬و ﻣ ﻘ ﺎ ﻻ ﺗ ﯽ ﺑ ﻨ ﻮ ﯾ ﺴ ﻨ ﺪ ﺗ ﺎ ﯾ ﺎ ﻓ ﺘ ﻪ ﻫ ﺎ ی ﺧ ﻮ د ر ا د ر ا ﯾ ﻦ ز ﻣ ﯿﻨﻪ ﻣ ﻨﺘ ﺸ ﺮ‬
‫ﮐ ﻨ ﻨ ﺪ ‪ ،‬و د ر ﺟ ﺎ ﻣ ﻌﻪ ﻣ ﺤ ﻠ ﯽ ﺳ ﺨ ﻨ ﺮ ا ﻧ ﯽ د ا ﺷ ﺘ ﻪ ﺑ ﺎ ﺷ ﻨ ﺪ ‪ .‬و ﺷ ﺎ ﯾ ﺪ ﻣ ﻬ ﻤ ﺘ ﺮ ا ز ﻫ ﻤ ﻪ ‪ ،‬ﻣ ﻦ‬
‫ا ﺳ ﺘ ﻌ ﺪ ا د ﻫ ﺮ د اﺷ ﻨﺠ ﻮ ﺑﺮای ﺗ ﻔ ﮑ ﺮ ﻋ ﻠ ﻤ ﯽ ر ا ﺗ ﺸ ﻮ ﯾ ﻖ ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨ ﻢ و ا ز آ ن ﻫ ﺎ ﻣ ﯽ ﺧ ﻮاﻫ ﻢ‬
‫ﮐ ﻪ د ﯾ ﺪ ﮔ ﺎه ﻣ ﻨﺤ ﺼ ﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻓ ﺮد ﺧ ﻮد از ﺟ ﻬ ﺎ ن ر ا ا ز ﻃ ﺮ ﯾ ﻖ د ر ﯾ ﭽ ﻪ ﻋ ﻠ ﻤ ﯽ ﺑ ﻪ ﻣ ﺎ ﻧ ﺸ ﺎ ن‬
‫د ﻫ ﻨﺪ ‪.‬‬
‫ا ﮔ ﺮ ﭼ ﻪ ﻧ ﻘ ﺶ ﻫ ﺎ ی ﻣ ﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻋ ﻨ ﻮ ا ن ﻣ ﺤ ﻘ ﻖ ‪ ،‬ﻣ ﺮ ﺑ ﯽ ‪ ،‬ا ﺳ ﺘ ﺎ د و ﻧ ﻮ ﯾ ﺴ ﻨ ﺪ ه ﺑ ﻪ ا ﯾ ﻦ‬
‫ﻣﻌﻨﺎﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ دﯾﮕﺮ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﯽ را در ﻣﺮﮐﺰ درﻣﺎن ﳕﯽﺑﯿﻨﻢ‪ ،‬اﻣﺎ ﻓﺮﺻﺖﻫﺎی زﯾﺎدی‬
‫ﺑ ﺮ ا ی ﺷ ﻨ ﯿ ﺪ ن ﻏ ﻢ و ا ﻧ ﺪ و ه ﻣ ﺮ د م ا ز ﻃ ﺮ ﯾ ﻖ ﻣ ﺼ ﺎ ﺣ ﺒ ﻪ ﻫ ﺎ ی ﮔ ﺴ ﺘﺮد ه ا ی ﮐ ﻪ د ر‬
‫ﲢ ﻘ ﯿ ﻘﺎ ﰎ اﳓ ﺎ م ﻣ ﯽ د ﻫ ﻢ ‪ ،‬د ار م ‪ .‬ﻣ ﻦ اﻧﻮاع و ا ﻗ ﺴ ﺎ م ﺳ ﺆا ﻻ ت ر ا ﻣ ﯽ ﭘﺮﺳ ﻢ ‪ ،‬و‬
‫ﻫ ﻤ ﭽ ﻨﯿﻦ ﺳ ﻌ ﯽ ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨﻢ از ﻧﺰد ﯾ ﮏ ﺑﻪ اﻓ ﺮاد ﻣ ﻬ ﺮ ﺑﺎن و ﺳ ﺨ ﺎو ﲤ ﻨﺪ ی ﮐ ﻪ ﻣ ﺎ ﯾ ﻠﻨﺪ‬
‫د اﺳ ﺘﺎ ن ﻫ ﺎ ی ﺧ ﻮ د ر ا ﺑﺎ ﻣ ﻦ ﺑﻪ اﺷ ﺘﺮا ک ﺑ ﮕ ﺬ ا ر ﻧﺪ ‪ ،‬ﮔ ﻮ ش د ﻫ ﻢ ‪ .‬آ ﻧ ﻬ ﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣ ﻦ‬
‫ﻣ ﯽ ﮔ ﻮ ﯾ ﻨ ﺪ ﮐ ﻪ ا ﻧ ﮕ ﯿ ﺰ ه آ ن ﻫ ﺎ ﺑﺮای ﻣ ﺸ ﺎ ر ﮐ ﺖ ا ﯾ ﻦ اﺳ ﺖ ﮐ ﻪ ﲡ ﺮ ﺑﯿﺎ ت ﺧ ﻮ د ر ا ﺑﺎ ﻋ ﻠ ﻢ‬
‫ﺑﻪ اﺷ ﺘﺮا ک ﺑ ﮕ ﺬ ار ﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﻋ ﻠﻢ ﺑﺘﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻓ ﺮد ﺑ ﻌ ﺪ ی ﮐ ﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻋ ﻮاﻗ ﺐ و ﺣ ﺸ ﺘﻨﺎ ک ﻓ ﻘﺪ ان‬
‫ﯾ ﮏ ﻋ ﺰ ﯾ ﺰ ﻣ ﻮ ا ﺟ ﻪ ﻣ ﯽ ﺷ ﻮ د ‪ ،‬ﮐ ﻤ ﮏ ﮐ ﻨ ﺪ ‪ .‬ﻣ ﻦ ا ز ﻫ ﺮ ﯾ ﮏ ا ز آ ن ﻫ ﺎ ﺳ ﭙﺎ ﺳ ﮕ ﺰا ر م و‬
‫ﺳ ﻌ ﯽ ﮐ ﺮد م از ﻃ ﺮ ﯾ ﻖ ا ﯾﻦ ﮐ ﺘﺎ ب ﺑﻪ ﮐ ﻤ ﮏ آﻧﻬ ﺎ ا ﺣ ﺘ ﺮ ا م ﺑ ﮕ ﺬ ا ر م ‪.‬‬
‫ﻋ ﻠﻢ اﻋ ﺼ ﺎ ب ﻟﺰو ﻣ ﺎً ر ﺷ ﺘﻪ ای ﻧﯿﺴ ﺖ ﮐ ﻪ ﻫ ﻨﮕ ﺎ م ﻓ ﮑ ﺮ ﮐ ﺮد ن ﺑﻪ ﺳ ﻮ گ ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ذ ﻫ ﻦ‬
‫ﻣ ﺘﺒﺎد ر ﺷ ﻮد ‪ ،‬و ز ﻣ ﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺟ ﺴ ﺘﺠ ﻮی ﻣ ﻦ ﺷ ﺮوع ﺷ ﺪ ‪ ،‬اﯾﻦ ﻣ ﻮﺿ ﻮع ﺣ ﺘﯽ ﮐ ﻤ ﺘﺮ‬
‫ﻫ ﻢ ﺑﻮد ‪ .‬ﻃ ﯽ ﺳ ﺎل ﻫ ﺎ ﻣ ﻄ ﺎ ﻟ ﻌ ﻪ و ﲢ ﻘ ﯿ ﻖ ‪ ،‬د ر ﻧ ﻬ ﺎ ﯾ ﺖ ﻣ ﺘﻮ ﺟ ﻪ ﺷ ﺪ م ﮐ ﻪ و ﻗ ﺘ ﯽ ﯾ ﮑ ﯽ ا ز‬
‫ﻋ ﺰ ﯾﺰاﱎ ﻣ ﯽ ﻣ ﯿﺮد ‪ ،‬ﻣ ﻐﺰ ﻣ ﺸ ﮑ ﻠ ﯽ د ارد ﮐ ﻪ ﺑﺎ ﯾﺪ آن ر ا ﺣ ﻞ ﮐ ﻨ ﺪ ‪ .‬ا ﯾ ﻦ ﯾ ﮏ ﻣ ﺸ ﮑ ﻞ‬
‫ﭘﯿﺶ ﭘﺎ اﻓ ﺘﺎد ه ﻧﯿﺴ ﺖ ‪ .‬از د ﺳ ﺖ د اد ن ﻋ ﺰ ﯾﺰﺗﺮ ﯾﻨﻤ ﺎن ‪ ،‬ﻣ ﺎ را ﻏ ﺮ ق ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨﺪ ‪ ،‬ز ﯾﺮا‬
‫ﻣ ﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻫ ﻤ ﺎن اﻧﺪ ازه ﮐ ﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻏ ﺬ ا و آ ب ﻧﯿﺎز د ار ﯾﻢ ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻋ ﺰ ﯾﺰاﳕ ﺎن ﻧﯿﺰ ﻧﯿﺎز د ار ﯾﻢ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺧ ﻮ ﺷ ﺒﺨ ﺘﺎ ﻧﻪ ﻣ ﻐ ﺰ د ر ﺣ ﻞ ﻣ ﺸ ﮑ ﻼ ت ﻣ ﺎ ﻫ ﺮ اﺳ ﺖ ‪ .‬د ر و ا ﻗ ﻊ ‪ ،‬ﻣ ﻐ ﺰ د ﻗ ﯿ ﻘﺎً ﺑﺮای‬
‫ﻫ ﻤ ﯿﻦ ﮐ ﺎ ر ﺑﻪ و ﺟ ﻮد آ ﻣ ﺪ ه اﺳ ﺖ ‪ .‬ﭘ ﺲ از د ﻫ ﻪ ﻫ ﺎ ﲢ ﻘ ﯿ ﻖ ‪ ،‬ﻣ ﺘﻮ ﺟ ﻪ ﺷ ﺪ م ﮐ ﻪ ﻣ ﻐ ﺰ‬
‫ﺗ ﻼ ش ز ﯾ ﺎ د ی ﺑ ﺮ ا ی ﻧ ﻘ ﺸ ﻪ ﺑ ﺮ د ا ر ی ا ز ﺟ ﺎ ﯾ ﯽ ﮐ ﻪ ﻋ ﺰ ﯾ ﺰ ا ن ﻣ ﺎ د ر ﻗ ﯿ ﺪ ﺣ ﯿ ﺎ ت‪ ،‬د ر آﳓ ﺎ‬
‫ﻫ ﺴ ﺘﻨﺪ ‪ ،‬ﻣ ﯿ ﮑ ﻨ ﺪ ﺗ ﺎ ﺑ ﺘ ﻮ ا ﻧ ﯿ ﻢ د ر ﺻ ﻮ ر ت ﻧ ﯿ ﺎ ز آ ن ﻫ ﺎ ر ا ﭘﯿﺪ ا ﮐ ﻨﯿﻢ ‪ .‬و ﻣ ﻐ ﺰ ا ﻏ ﻠ ﺐ ‪،‬‬
‫ﻋ ﺎد ت ﻫ ﺎ و ﭘﯿ ﺶ ﺑﯿﻨ ﯽ ﻫ ﺎ ر ا ﺑﺮ ا ﻃ ﻼ ﻋ ﺎ ت ﺟ ﺪ ﯾ ﺪ ﺗ ﺮ ﺟ ﯿ ﺢ ﻣ ﯽ د ﻫ ﺪ ‪ .‬ا ﻣ ﺎ ﺑﺮای‬
‫ﯾ ﺎ د ﮔ ﯿ ﺮ ی ا ﻃ ﻼ ﻋ ﺎ ت ﺟ ﺪ ﯾ ﺪ ی ﮐ ﻪ ﳕ ﯽﺗ ﻮ ا ن آ ن ر ا ﻧ ﺎ د ﯾ ﺪ ه ﮔ ﺮ ﻓ ﺖ ‪ ،‬ﻣ ﺎ ﻧ ﻨ ﺪ ﻏ ﯿ ﺒ ﺖ‬
‫ﻋ ﺰ ﯾﺰ ﻣ ﺎن ‪ ،‬ﺗ ﻼ ش ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨﺪ ‪ .‬ﺳ ﻮ ﮔ ﻮار ی ‪ ،‬ﻣ ﺴ ﺘ ﻠﺰ م اﳓ ﺎ م ا ﯾﻦ ﮐ ﺎر د ﺷ ﻮار اﺳ ﺖ ؛ ﮐ ﻪ‬
‫ﻧ ﻘﺸ ﻪ ای را ﮐ ﻪ ﺑﺮای ﭘﯿﻤ ﺎ ﯾ ﺶ ز ﻧﺪ ﮔ ﯽ ﻣ ﺸ ﺘﺮ ک ﺧ ﻮد اﺳ ﺘ ﻔﺎد ه ﮐ ﺮد ه ا ﯾ ﻢ ‪ ،‬از‬
‫ﻣ ﻐ ﺰ ﻣ ﺎ ن ﺑ ﯿ ﺮ و ن ﺑ ﯿ ﺎ و ر ﯾ ﻢ و ر ا ﺑ ﻄ ﻪ ﺧ ﻮ د ر ا ﺑﺎ ا ﯾ ﻦ ﻓ ﺮد ﻓ ﻮ ت ﺷ ﺪ ه ﺗ ﻐ ﯿ ﯿ ﺮ د ﻫ ﯿ ﻢ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺳ ﻮﮔﻮاری ‪ ،‬ﯾﺎ ﯾﺎد ﮔ ﯿﺮی زﻧﺪ ﮔ ﯽ ﻣ ﻌﻨﺎدار ﺑﺪ ون ﻋ ﺰﯾﺰﻣ ﺎن ‪ ،‬د ر ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ ﻧﻮﻋ ﯽ‬
‫ﯾﺎد ﮔ ﯿﺮی اﺳ ﺖ ‪ .‬و از آﳓ ﺎ ﯾ ﯽ ﮐ ﻪ ﯾﺎد ﮔ ﯿﺮی ﭼ ﯿﺰی اﺳ ﺖ ﮐ ﻪ ﻣ ﺎ د ر ﲤ ﺎم ز ﻧﺪ ﮔ ﯽ‬
‫ﺧ ﻮد اﳓ ﺎ م ﻣ ﯽ د ﻫ ﯿ ﻢ ‪ ،‬د ر ﻧ ﻈ ﺮ ﮔ ﺮ ﻓ ﱳ ﺳ ﻮ ﮔ ﻮ ا ر ی ﺑ ﻪ ﻋ ﻨ ﻮ ا ن ﯾ ﮏ ﻧ ﻮ ع ﯾ ﺎ د ﮔ ﯿ ﺮ ی ‪،‬‬
‫ﳑ ﮑ ﻦ اﺳ ﺖ ﺑﺎﻋ ﺚ ﺷ ﻮد ﮐ ﻪ اﺣ ﺴ ﺎس آﺷ ﻨﺎﯾ ﯽ و د ر ک ﺑﯿﺸ ﺘﺮی د اﺷ ﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷ ﯿﻢ و‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻣ ﺎ ﺷ ﮑ ﯿﺒﺎ ﯾ ﯽ ﺑﺪ ﻫ ﺪ ﺗﺎ اﺟ ﺎز ه د ﻫ ﯿﻢ ا ﯾﻦ ﻓ ﺮآ ﯾ ﻨﺪ ﻣ ﻬ ﻢ ﯾ ﺎ د ﮔ ﯿ ﺮ ی ‪ ،‬ا ﺗ ﻔ ﺎ ق ﺑ ﯿ ﻔ ﺘ ﺪ ‪.‬‬
‫و ﻗ ﺘ ﯽ ﺑﺎ د اﻧﺸ ﺠ ﻮ ﯾﺎن ﯾﺎ ﭘﺰﺷ ﮑ ﺎن ﯾﺎ ﺣ ﺘ ﯽ اﻓ ﺮاد ی ﮐ ﻪ د ر ﻫ ﻮا ﭘﯿﻤ ﺎ ﮐ ﻨﺎر ﻣ ﻦ‬
‫ﻧ ﺸ ﺴ ﺘ ﻪ ا ﻧ ﺪ ﺻ ﺤ ﺒ ﺖ ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨ ﻢ ‪ ،‬ﻣ ﺘ ﻮ ﺟ ﻪ ﻣ ﯽ ﺷ ﻮ م ﮐ ﻪ آ ن ﻫ ﺎ ﺳ ﺆا ﻻ ت ﻣ ﻬ ﻤ ﯽ د ر ﺑﺎ ر ه‬
‫ﺳ ﻮ گ د ا ر ﻧ ﺪ ‪ .‬آ ن ﻫ ﺎ ﻣ ﯽ ﭘﺮ ﺳ ﻨﺪ ‪ :‬آ ﯾ ﺎ ﺳ ﻮ گ ﻫ ﻤ ﺎ ن ا ﻓ ﺴ ﺮد ﮔ ﯽ اﺳ ﺖ ؟ آ ﯾ ﺎ ﺑﻪ د ﻟﯿ ﻞ‬
‫اﻧﮑ ﺎر اﺳ ﺖ ﮐ ﻪ ﻣ ﺮد م ﺳ ﻮ گ ﺧ ﻮد را ﻧﺸ ﺎن ﳕ ﯽ د ﻫ ﻨﺪ ؟ آﯾﺎ از د ﺳ ﺖ د اد ن ﻓ ﺮز ﻧﺪ‬
‫ﺑ ﺪ ﺗ ﺮ ا ز ا ز د ﺳ ﺖ د ا د ن ﻫ ﻤ ﺴ ﺮ ا ﺳ ﺖ ؟ ﺑ ﻌ ﺪ ‪ ،‬ﺧ ﯿ ﻠ ﯽ و ﻗ ﺖ ﻫ ﺎ ا ز ﻣ ﻦ ا ﯾ ﻦ ﺳ ﻮال ر ا‬
‫ﻣ ﯽ ﭘ ﺮ ﺳ ﻨ ﺪ ‪ :‬ﮐ ﺴ ﯽ ر ا ﻣ ﯽ ﺷ ﻨﺎ ﺳ ﻢ ﮐ ﻪ ﻣ ﺎ د ر ‪ /‬ﺑ ﺮ اد ر ‪ /‬ﺑ ﻬ ﺘ ﺮ ﯾ ﻦ د و ﺳ ﺖ ‪ /‬ﺷ ﻮ ﻫ ﺮ ش‬
‫ﻓ ﻮ ت ﮐ ﺮد ه اﺳ ﺖ و ﺑ ﻌ ﺪ از ﺷ ﺶ ﻫ ﻔ ﺘﻪ ‪ /‬ﭼ ﻬ ﺎ ر ﻣ ﺎه ‪ /‬ﻫ ﺠ ﺪ ه ﻣ ﺎه ‪ /‬د ه ﺳ ﺎ ل ﻫ ﻨﻮ ز‬
‫اﺣ ﺴ ﺎس ﺳ ﻮ گ د ار ﻧﺪ ‪ .‬آﯾﺎ اﯾﻦ ﻃ ﺒﯿﻌ ﯽ اﺳ ﺖ ؟‬
‫ﭘ ﺲ از ﺳ ﺎل ﻫ ﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻣ ﺘﻮ ﺟ ﻪ ﺷ ﺪ م ﮐ ﻪ ﻣ ﻔ ﺮ و ﺿ ﺎ ت ﭘ ﺸ ﺖ ﭘﺮ ﺳ ﺶ ﻫ ﺎ ی ﻣ ﺮد م ﻧ ﺸ ﺎ ن‬
‫ﻣ ﯽ د ﻫ ﺪ ﮐ ﻪ ﻣ ﺤ ﻘ ﻘ ﺎ ن ﺳ ﻮ گ د ر ا ﺷ ﺎ ﻋ ﻪ آ ﻧ ﭽ ﻪ ﻓ ﻬ ﻤ ﯿ ﺪ ها ﻧ ﺪ ‪ ،‬ﭼ ﻨ ﺪ ا ن ﻣ ﻮ ﻓ ﻖ‬
‫ﻧﺒﻮد هاﻧﺪ ‪ .‬ا ﯾﻦ ﻫ ﻤ ﺎن ﭼ ﯿﺰی ﺑﻮد ﮐ ﻪ ﻣ ﻦ ر ا ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﺷ ﱳ ا ﯾﻦ ﮐ ﺘﺎ ب ﺗﺮ ﻏ ﯿﺐ ﮐ ﺮد ‪ .‬ﻣ ﻦ‬
‫ﻏ ﺮ ق د ر ﭼ ﯿﺰی ﻫ ﺴ ﺘﻢ ﮐ ﻪ ر واﻧﺸ ﻨﺎس و ﻣ ﺤ ﻘ ﻖ ﺳ ﻮ گ ﺟ ﻮ ر ج ﺑﻮ ﻧﺎﻧﻮ آن را ﻋ ﻠﻢ‬
‫ﺟ ﺪ ﯾ ﺪ ﺳ ﻮ گ ﻧﺎ ﻣ ﯿﺪ ه اﺳ ﺖ ‪ .‬ﻧﻮع ﺳ ﻮ ﮔ ﯽ ﮐ ﻪ د ر ا ﯾﻦ ﮐ ﺘﺎ ب ر و ی آن ﲤ ﺮ ﮐ ﺰ ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨﻢ ‪،‬‬
‫د ر واﻗ ﻊ ﻫ ﻤ ﺎن ﺳ ﻮﮔ ﯽ اﺳ ﺖ ﮐ ﻪ ﮐ ﺴ ﺎﻧﯽ ﮐ ﻪ ﻫ ﻤ ﺴ ﺮ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮزﻧﺪ ‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ د وﺳ ﺖ ﯾﺎ ﻫ ﺮ‬
‫ﺷ ﺨ ﺺ ﻧ ﺰ د ﯾ ﮑ ﯽ ر ا ا ز د ﺳ ﺖ د اد ها ﻧ ﺪ ‪ ،‬ﲡ ﺮ ﺑ ﻪ ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨ ﻨ ﺪ ‪ .‬ﻣ ﻦ ﻫ ﻤ ﭽ ﻨ ﯿ ﻦ ﺑ ﻪ ﺑ ﺮ ر ﺳ ﯽ‬
‫ﺳ ﺎ ﯾ ﺮ ﻓ ﻘ ﺪ ا ن ﻫ ﺎ ﻧ ﯿ ﺰ ﻣ ﯽ ﭘﺮد از م ‪ ،‬ﻣ ﺎ ﻧﻨﺪ از د ﺳ ﺖ د اد ن ﺷ ﻐ ﻞ ‪ ،‬ﯾ ﺎ د ر د ی ﮐ ﻪ د ر‬
‫ﻫ ﻨ ﮕ ﺎ م ﻣ ﺮ گ ﻓ ﺮد ﻣ ﺸ ﻬ ﻮ ر ی ﮐ ﻪ ﻣ ﺎ او ر ا ﺑ ﺴ ﯿﺎ ر ﲢ ﺴ ﯿﻦ ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨﯿﻢ و ﻫ ﺮ ﮔ ﺰ ﻧﺪ ﯾ ﺪ ه ا ﯾ ﻢ ‪،‬‬
‫اﺣ ﺴ ﺎس ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨﯿﻢ ‪ .‬ﻣ ﻦ د ر اﯾﻦ ﮐ ﺘﺎ ب ‪ ،‬ا ﻓ ﮑ ﺎ ر ﺟ ﺎ ر ی د ر ذ ﻫ ﻦ ﮐ ﺴ ﺎﻧ ﯽ ﮐ ﻪ ﺳ ﻮ ژ ه‬
‫ا ﯾ ﻦ ﮐ ﺘﺎ ب ﻫ ﺴ ﺘﻨﺪ ‪ ،‬ر ا ﺑ ﯿ ﺎ ن ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨ ﻢ ﺗ ﺎ ﺑ ﻪ ﮐ ﺴ ﺎ ﻧ ﯽ ﮐ ﻪ د ر ﻣ ﺠ ﺎ و ر ت ا ﻓ ﺮ ا د ﺳ ﻮ ﮔ ﻮ ا ر‬
‫ﻫ ﺴ ﺘﻨﺪ ‪ ،‬ﮐ ﻤ ﮏ ﮐ ﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺑ ﻔ ﻬ ﻤ ﻨﺪ ﭼ ﻪ اﺗ ﻔ ﺎ ﻗ ﯽ د ر ﺣ ﺎل ر خ د اد ن ﺑﺮای آن ﻫ ﺎ ﺳ ﺖ ‪.‬‬
‫ا ﯾ ﻦ ﯾ ﮏ ﮐ ﺘ ﺎ ب ﺗ ﻮ ﺻ ﯿ ﻪ ﻫ ﺎ ی ﻋ ﻤ ﻠ ﯽ ﻧﯿ ﺴ ﺖ ‪ ،‬ا ﻣ ﺎ ﺑ ﺎ ا ﯾ ﻦ ﺣ ﺎ ل ﺑ ﺴ ﯿ ﺎ ر ی ا ز ﮐ ﺴ ﺎ ﻧ ﯽ‬
‫ﮐ ﻪ آن ر ا ﺧ ﻮاﻧﺪ ه ا ﻧ ﺪ ﺑ ﻪ ﻣ ﻦ ﻣ ﯽﮔ ﻮ ﯾﻨﺪ ﮐ ﻪ از آن ‪ ،‬ﭼ ﯿﺰﻫ ﺎ ﯾ ﯽ آ ﻣ ﻮ ﺧ ﺘﻪ ا ﻧ ﺪ ﮐ ﻪ‬
‫ﻣ ﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ د ر ﲡ ﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣ ﻨﺤ ﺼ ﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻓ ﺮد ﺧ ﻮد از ﻓ ﻘﺪ ان ﺑﻪ ﮐ ﺎر ﺑﺒﺮﻧﺪ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣ ﻐ ﺰ ﻫ ﻤ ﯿ ﺸ ﻪ ﺑ ﺸ ﺮ ﯾ ﺖ ر ا ﻣ ﺠ ﺬ و ب ﺧ ﻮ د ﮐ ﺮ د ه ا ﺳ ﺖ ‪ ،‬ا ﻣ ﺎ ر و ش ﻫ ﺎ ی ﺟ ﺪ ﯾ ﺪ ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻣ ﺎ‬
‫ا ﺟ ﺎ ز ه ﻣ ﯽ د ﻫ ﻨ ﺪ ﺗ ﺎ ﺑ ﻪ د ر و ن آ ن ﺟ ﻌ ﺒ ﻪ ﺳ ﯿ ﺎ ه ﻧ ﮕ ﺎ ه ﮐ ﻨ ﯿ ﻢ ‪ ،‬و آ ﻧ ﭽ ﻪ ﻣ ﯽﺑ ﯿ ﻨ ﯿ ﻢ ‪ ،‬ﻣ ﺎ ر ا ﺑ ﺎ‬
‫ﭘ ﺎ ﺳ ﺦ ﻫ ﺎ ی ا ﺣ ﺘ ﻤ ﺎ ﻟ ﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺳ ﻮا ﻻ ت ﻗ ﺪ ﯾ ﻤ ﯽ و ﺳ ﻮ ﺳ ﻪ ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨ ﺪ ‪ .‬ﺑ ﺎ ا ﯾ ﻦ ﺣ ﺎ ل ‪ ،‬ﻣ ﻦ‬
‫ﻣ ﻌ ﺘ ﻘ ﺪ ﻧ ﯿ ﺴ ﺘ ﻢ ﮐ ﻪ د ﯾ ﺪ ﮔ ﺎ ه ﻋ ﺼ ﺐ ﺷ ﻨﺎ ﺳ ﯽ د ر ﺑﺎ ر ه ﺳ ﻮ گ ﺑ ﻬ ﺘ ﺮ ا ز د ﯾ ﺪ ﮔ ﺎ ه‬
‫ﺟ ﺎ ﻣ ﻌ ﻪ ﺷ ﻨﺎ ﺧ ﺘ ﯽ ‪ ،‬ﻣ ﺬ ﻫ ﺒ ﯽ ﯾ ﺎ ا ﻧ ﺴ ﺎ ن ﺷ ﻨﺎ ﺧ ﺘ ﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺷ ﺪ ‪ .‬ﻣ ﻦ و ا ﻗ ﻌ ﺎ ً ﻋ ﻠ ﯽ ر ﻏ ﻢ و ﻗ ﻒ‬
‫ﯾ ﮏ ﺣ ﺮ ﻓ ﻪ ﮐ ﺎ ﻣ ﻞ ﺑﻪ د ﯾﺪ ﮔ ﺎه ﻧﻮ ر و ﺑﯿﻮ ﻟﻮ ژ ﯾ ﮑ ﯽ ‪ ،‬اﯾﻦ را ﻣ ﯽ ﮔ ﻮ ﯾ ﻢ ‪ .‬ﻣ ﻦ ﻣ ﻌ ﺘ ﻘﺪ م ﮐ ﻪ‬
‫د ر ک ﻣ ﺎ ا ز ﺳ ﻮ گ ا ز ﻃ ﺮ ﯾ ﻖ ﯾ ﮏ د ﯾ ﺪ ﮔ ﺎ ه ﻧﻮ ر و ﺑﯿﻮ ﻟﻮ ژ ﯾ ﮑ ﯽ ﻣ ﯽ ﺗ ﻮ ا ﻧ ﺪ د ر ک ﻣ ﺎ ر ا‬
‫ا ﻓ ﺰا ﯾ ﺶ د ﻫ ﺪ ‪ ،‬د ﯾ ﺪ ﺟ ﺎ ﻣ ﻊ ﺗ ﺮ ی ا ز ﺳ ﻮ گ ا ﯾ ﺠ ﺎ د ﮐ ﻨ ﺪ ‪ ،‬و ﺑ ﻪ ﻣ ﺎ ﮐ ﻤ ﮏ ﮐ ﻨ ﺪ ﺗﺎ ا ز‬
‫ر اه ﻫ ﺎ ی ﺟ ﺪ ﯾ ﺪ ی ﺑ ﺎ ا ﺿ ﻄ ﺮ ا ب و و ﺣ ﺸ ﺖ ﻧ ﺎ ﺷ ﯽ ا ز ﺳ ﻮ گ ﻣ ﻮ ا ﺟ ﻪ ﺷ ﻮ ﯾ ﻢ ‪ .‬ﻋ ﻠ ﻮ م‬
‫اﻋﺼﺎب ﺑﺨﺸﯽ از ﮔﻔﺘﮕﻮی دوران ﻣﺎﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ درک ﺟﻨﺒﻪﻫﺎی ﺑﯽ ﺷﻤﺎر‬
‫ﺳ ﻮ گ ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﲤ ﺮ ﮐ ﺰ ﺑﯿﺸ ﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ ﻧﺤ ﻮه د ر ﮔ ﯿﺮ ﺷ ﺪ ن ﻣ ﺪ ار ﻫ ﺎی ﻣ ﻐ ﺰی ‪ ،‬اﻧﺘ ﻘﺎل د ﻫ ﻨﺪ ه ﻫ ﺎ ی‬
‫ﻋ ﺼ ﺒﯽ ‪ ،‬ر ﻓ ﺘﺎرﻫ ﺎ و اﺣ ﺴ ﺎﺳ ﺎت د ر ﺣ ﯿﻦ ﺳ ﻮ گ ‪ ،‬ﻓ ﺮﺻ ﺘﯽ ﺑﺮای ﻫ ﻤ ﺪ رد ی ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﮐ ﺴ ﺎﻧ ﯽ ﮐ ﻪ د ر ﺣ ﺎل ﺣ ﺎﺿ ﺮ ر ﱋ ﻣ ﯽ ﺑﺮﻧﺪ را د ار ﯾﻢ ‪ .‬ﻣ ﺎ ﻣ ﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﯿﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺧ ﻮد ﻣ ﺎن‬
‫اﺟ ﺎزه د ﻫ ﯿﻢ ﮐ ﻪ اﺣ ﺴ ﺎس ﺳ ﻮ گ ﮐ ﻨﯿﻢ ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ د ﯾ ﮕ ﺮان اﺟ ﺎزه د ﻫ ﯿﻢ ﺗﺎ اﺣ ﺴ ﺎس‬
‫ﺳ ﻮ گ ﮐ ﻨﻨﺪ ‪ ،‬و ﲡ ﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺳ ﻮ ﮔ ﻮار ی را د ر ک ﮐ ﻨﯿﻢ ـ و ﻫ ﻤ ﻪ ا ﯾ ﻦ ﻫ ﺎ ر ا ﺑﺎ ﺷ ﻔ ﻘﺖ و ا ﻣ ﯿﺪ‬
‫ﺑ ﯿ ﺸ ﺘ ﺮ اﳓ ﺎ م د ﻫ ﯿﻢ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺷ ﺎﯾﺪ ﻣ ﺘﻮﺟ ﻪ ﺷ ﺪ ه ﺑﺎﺷ ﯿﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣ ﻦ از د و اﺻ ﻄ ﻼ ح ﺳ ﻮ گ و ﺳ ﻮﮔ ﻮاری اﺳ ﺘ ﻔﺎد ه‬
‫ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨ ﻢ ‪ .‬ا ﮔ ﺮ ﭼ ﻪ ﮐ ﻪ ﻣ ﯽ ﺷ ﻨﻮ ﯾ ﺪ ﮐ ﻪ آ ﻧ ﻬ ﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺟ ﺎ ی ﯾ ﮑ ﺪ ﯾ ﮕ ﺮ اﺳ ﺘ ﻔ ﺎ د ه ﻣ ﯽ ﺷ ﻮ ﻧ ﺪ ‪ ،‬ا ﻣ ﺎ‬
‫ﻣ ﻦ ﯾ ﮏ ﲤ ﺎ ﯾ ﺰ ﻣ ﻬ ﻢ ﺑ ﯿ ﻦ آ ن ﻫ ﺎ ﻗ ﺎ ﺋ ﻞ ﻫ ﺴ ﺘﻢ ‪ .‬ا ز ﯾ ﮏ ﻃ ﺮ ف ‪ ،‬ﺳ ﻮ گ و ﺟ ﻮ د د ا ر د ـ‬
‫اﺣ ﺴ ﺎس ﺷ ﺪ ﯾﺪ ی ﮐﻪ ﻣ ﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻣ ﻮﺟ ﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺷ ﻤ ﺎ ﻓﺮو ﻣ ﯽ آ ﯾ ﺪ ‪ ،‬ﮐ ﺎ ﻣ ﻼ ً ﻃ ﺎ ﻗ ﺖ ﻓ ﺮ ﺳ ﺎ و‬
‫ﻏ ﯿ ﺮ ﻗ ﺎ ﺑ ﻞ ﻧ ﺎ د ﯾ ﺪ ه ﮔ ﺮ ﻓ ﱳ ‪ .‬ﺳ ﻮ گ ﳊ ﻈ ﻪا ی ا ﺳ ﺖ ﮐ ﻪ ﺑ ﺎ ر ﻫ ﺎ و ﺑ ﺎ ر ﻫ ﺎ ﺗ ﮑ ﺮ ا ر‬
‫ﻣ ﯽ ﺷ ﻮد ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ اﯾﻦ ﺣ ﺎل ‪ ،‬اﯾﻦ ﳊ ﻈ ﺎت ﺑﺎ آﻧﭽ ﻪ ﻣ ﻦ ﺳ ﻮﮔﻮاری ﻣ ﯽ ﻧﺎﱈ ﻣ ﺘﻤ ﺎﯾﺰ‬
‫اﺳ ﺖ ‪ .‬ﺳ ﻮ ﮔ ﻮار ی ﮐ ﻠ ﻤ ﻪ ای اﺳ ﺖ ﮐ ﻪ ﻣ ﻦ ﺑﺮای اﺷ ﺎ ر ه ﺑﻪ ﯾ ﮏ ﻓ ﺮآ ﯾ ﻨﺪ اﺳ ﺘ ﻔﺎد ه ﻣ ﯽ‬
‫ﮐ ﻨ ﻢ ‪ ،‬ﻧﻪ ﳊ ﻈ ﻪ ﺳ ﻮ گ ‪ .‬ﺳ ﻮ ﮔ ﻮ ا ر ی ﻣ ﺴ ﯿ ﺮ ی د ا ر د ‪ .‬ﺑ ﺪ ﯾ ﻬ ﯽ ا ﺳ ﺖ ﮐ ﻪ ﺳ ﻮ گ و‬
‫ﺳ ﻮﮔﻮاری ﺑﺎ ﻫ ﻢ ﻣ ﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﻫ ﺴ ﺘﻨﺪ ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻫ ﻤ ﯿﻦ د ﻟﯿﻞ اﺳ ﺖ ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ د و اﺻ ﻄ ﻼ ح‬
‫ﻫ ﻨ ﮕ ﺎ م ﺗﻮ ﺻ ﯿ ﻒ ﲡ ﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣ ﺎ از ﻓ ﻘ ﺪ ان ﺑﻪ ﺟ ﺎی ﯾ ﮑ ﺪ ﯾ ﮕ ﺮ اﺳ ﺘ ﻔ ﺎد ه ﻣ ﯽ ﺷ ﻮ ﻧ ﺪ ‪ .‬ا ﻣ ﺎ‬
‫ﺗ ﻔﺎو ت ﻫ ﺎ ﯾ ﯽ ﮐ ﻠﯿﺪ ی ﺑﯿﻦ اﯾﻦ د و و ﺟ ﻮد د ارد ‪ .‬ﺳ ﻮ گ ﻫ ﺮﮔ ﺰ ﭘﺎﯾﺎن ﳕ ﯽ ﯾﺎ ﺑﺪ ‪ ،‬و اﯾﻦ‬
‫ﯾ ﮏ ﭘﺎﺳ ﺦ ﻃ ﺒﯿﻌ ﯽ ﺑﻪ » از د ﺳ ﺖ د اد ن « اﺳ ﺖ ‪ .‬ﺷ ﻤ ﺎ ﺑﺮای ﻫ ﻤ ﯿﺸ ﻪ د ر ﻣ ﻮ رد اﯾﻦ‬
‫ﺷ ﺨ ﺺ ﺧ ﺎص ﺳ ﻮگ را ﲡ ﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺧ ﻮاﻫ ﯿﺪ ﮐ ﺮد ‪ .‬ﳊ ﻈ ﺎت ﻣ ﺠ ﺰاﯾ ﯽ ﺧ ﻮاﻫ ﯿﺪ داﺷ ﺖ‬
‫ﮐ ﻪ ﺣ ﺘ ﯽ ﺳ ﺎل ﻫ ﺎ ﭘ ﺲ ا ز ﻣ ﺮ گ ‪ ،‬ز ﻣ ﺎ ﻧ ﯽ ﮐ ﻪ ز ﻧﺪ ﮔ ﯽ ﺧ ﻮ د ر ا ﺑﻪ ﲡ ﺮ ﺑﻪ ا ی ﻣ ﻌ ﻨ ﺎ د ا ر و‬
‫ر ﺿ ﺎ ﯾ ﺖ ﺑﺨ ﺶ ﺑ ﺎ ز ﻣ ﯽ ﮔ ﺮد اﻧﯿﺪ ‪ ،‬ﻫ ﻤ ﭽ ﻨﺎن ﺷ ﻤ ﺎ ر ا د ر ﻫ ﻢ ﺧ ﻮاﻫ ﺪ ﺷ ﮑ ﺴ ﺖ ‪ .‬ا ﻣ ﺎ ‪،‬‬
‫د ر ﺣ ﺎ ﻟﯽ ﮐ ﻪ ﺷ ﻤ ﺎ ﺣ ﺲ ﻋ ﻤ ﻮﻣ ﯽ ﺳ ﻮگ را ﺑﺮای ﻫ ﻤ ﯿﺸ ﻪ اﺣ ﺴ ﺎس ﺧ ﻮاﻫ ﯿﺪ ﮐ ﺮد ‪،‬‬
‫ﺳ ﻮ ﮔ ﻮ ا ر ی ﺷ ﻤ ﺎ ‪ ،‬ﺳ ﺎ ز ﮔ ﺎ ر ی ﺷ ﻤ ﺎ ‪ ،‬د ر ا ﺛ ﺮ ﲡ ﺮ ﺑ ﻪ ‪ ،‬د ر ﻃ ﻮ ل ز ﻣ ﺎ ن ﺗ ﻐ ﯿ ﯿ ﺮ ﺧ ﻮاﻫ ﺪ‬
‫ﮐ ﺮ د ‪ .‬ﺻ ﺪ ﺑ ﺎ ر ا و ل ﮐ ﻪ ﻣ ﻮ ﺟ ﯽ ا ز ﺳ ﻮ گ ﺷ ﻤ ﺎ ر ا ﻓ ﺮا ﻣ ﯽ ﮔ ﯿ ﺮ د ‪ ،‬ﳑ ﮑ ﻦ ا ﺳ ﺖ ﻓ ﮑ ﺮ‬
‫ﮐ ﻨﯿﺪ ‪ " :‬ﻣ ﻦ ﻫ ﺮﮔ ﺰ از اﯾﻦ ﻣ ﺸ ﮑ ﻞ ﻋ ﺒﻮ ر ﳕ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨﻢ ‪ ،‬ﳕ ﯽ ﺗﻮاﱎ اﯾﻦ را ﲢ ﻤ ﻞ ﮐ ﻨﻢ ‪ " .‬ﺻ ﺪ‬
‫و ﯾ ﮑ ﻤ ﯿﻦ ﺑﺎر ‪ ،‬ﳑ ﮑ ﻦ اﺳ ﺖ ﻓ ﮑ ﺮ ﮐ ﻨﯿﺪ ‪ " ،‬ﻣ ﻦ از ا ﯾﻦ ﻣ ﺘﻨ ﻔﺮ م ‪ ،‬ﻣ ﻦ ا ﯾﻦ را ﳕ ﯽ‬
‫ﺧ ﻮاﻫ ﻢ ـ ا ﻣ ﺎ آﺷ ﻨﺎ اﺳ ﺖ ‪ ،‬و ﻣ ﯽ د ا ﱎ ﮐ ﻪ ا ز ا ﯾ ﻦ ﳊ ﻈ ﻪ ﻋ ﺒﻮ ر ﺧ ﻮ ا ﻫ ﻢ ﮐ ﺮ د ‪ " .‬ﺣ ﺘ ﯽ‬
‫ا ﮔ ﺮ ا ﺣ ﺴ ﺎ س ﺳ ﻮ ﮔ ﯽ ﮐ ﻪ ﲡ ﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨﯿﺪ ‪ ،‬ﻫ ﺮ ﺑﺎر ﯾ ﮑ ﺴ ﺎن ﺑﺎﺷ ﺪ ‪ ،‬ا ﻣ ﺎ ر ا ﺑ ﻄ ﻪ ﺷ ﻤ ﺎ‬
‫ﺑ ﺎ ا ﯾ ﻦ ا ﺣ ﺴ ﺎ س ‪ ،‬ﺗ ﻐ ﯿ ﯿ ﺮ ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨ ﺪ ‪ .‬ا ﺣ ﺴ ﺎ س ﺳ ﻮ گ ﺳ ﺎ ل ﻫ ﺎ ﭘ ﺲ ا ز ا ز د ﺳ ﺖ د اد ن‬
‫ﳑ ﮑ ﻦ اﺳ ﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻋ ﺚ ﺷ ﻮد ﺷ ﮏ ﮐ ﻨﯿﺪ ؛ ﮐ ﻪ آ ﯾﺎ و ا ﻗ ﻌ ﺎ ﺳ ﺎ ز ﮔ ﺎ ر ﺷ ﺪ ه ا ﯾ ﺪ ﯾﺎ ﺧ ﯿﺮ ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ‬
‫اﯾﻦ ﺣﺎل‪ ،‬اﮔﺮ اﺣﺴﺎس و ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪ ﺳﺎزﮔﺎری را دو ﭼﯿﺰ ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت ﻣﯽداﻧﯿﺪ‪،‬‬
‫ﻣ ﺸ ﮑ ﻠ ﯽ ﻧ ﯿ ﺴ ﺖ ﮐ ﻪ ﺣ ﺘ ﯽ ز ﻣ ﺎ ﻧ ﯽ ﮐ ﻪ ﺑ ﺮ ا ی ﻣ ﺪ ﺗﯽ ﻃ ﻮ ﻻ ﻧ ﯽ ﺳ ﻮ ﮔ ﻮ ا ر ی ﮐ ﺮ د ه ا ﯾ ﺪ ‪ ،‬ﺑ ﺎ ز‬
‫ﻫ ﻢ ﺳ ﻮگ را ﲡ ﺮﺑﻪ ﮐ ﻨﯿﺪ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺷﻤﺎ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﯿﺪ در ﻣﻮرد ﺳﻔﺮ ﻣﺸﺘﺮک ﻣﺎ در اﯾﻦ ﮐﺘﺎب ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪای از‬
‫ﻣ ﻌﻤ ﺎﻫ ﺎ ﻓ ﮑ ﺮ ﮐ ﻨﯿﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣ ﺎ د ر ﺣ ﺎل ﺣ ﻞ آن ﻫ ﺴ ﺘﯿﻢ ‪ ،‬ﮐﻪ ﺑﺨ ﺶ او ل ﺣ ﻮل ﺳ ﻮ گ و‬
‫ﺑﺨ ﺶ د و م ﺑﺮ اﺳ ﺎس ﺳ ﻮﮔ ﻮاری ﺳ ﺎز ﻣ ﺎﻧﺪ ﻫ ﯽ ﺷ ﺪ ه اﺳ ﺖ ‪ .‬ﻫ ﺮ ﻓ ﺼ ﻞ ﺑﻪ ﯾ ﮏ‬
‫ﺳ ﻮال ﺧ ﺎص ﻣ ﯽ ﭘﺮدازد ‪ .‬ﻓ ﺼ ﻞ ‪ ۱‬ﻣ ﯽ ﭘﺮﺳ ﺪ ‪ ،‬ﭼ ﺮا د ر ک اﯾﻦ ﮐ ﻪ آن ﺷ ﺨ ﺺ ﻣ ﺮد ه‬
‫ا ﺳ ﺖ و ﺑ ﺮ ا ی ﻫ ﻤ ﯿ ﺸ ﻪ ر ﻓ ﺘ ﻪ ا ﺳ ﺖ ا ﯾ ﻨ ﻘ ﺪ ر ﺳ ﺨ ﺖ ا ﺳ ﺖ ؟ ﻋ ﻠ ﻮ م ا ﻋ ﺼ ﺎ ب ﺷ ﻨﺎ ﺧ ﺘ ﯽ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻣ ﻦ ﮐ ﻤ ﮏ ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺳ ﻮال ﺑﭙﺮد از م ‪ .‬ﻓ ﺼ ﻞ ‪ ۲‬ﻣ ﯽ ﭘﺮﺳ ﺪ ‪ ،‬ﭼ ﺮا ﺳ ﻮ گ‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﻋ ﺚ ا ﯾﺠ ﺎد ا ﯾﻦ ﻫ ﻤ ﻪ اﺣ ﺴ ﺎﺳ ﺎ ت ﻣ ﯽ ﺷ ﻮ د ـ ﭼ ﺮ ا ﻣ ﺎ ﭼ ﻨ ﯿ ﻦ ﻏ ﻢ ‪ ،‬ﺧ ﺸ ﻢ ‪،‬‬
‫ﺳ ﺮ ز ﻧ ﺶ ‪ ،‬ﮔ ﻨﺎ ه و اﺷ ﺘ ﯿﺎ ق ﺷ ﺪ ﯾ ﺪ ی ر ا ا ﺣ ﺴ ﺎ س ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨ ﯿ ﻢ ؟ د ر ا ﯾ ﻨ ﺠ ﺎ ﻣ ﻦ ﺗ ﺌ ﻮ ر ی‬
‫د ﻟﺒﺴ ﺘ ﮕ ﯽ ‪ ،‬از ﺟ ﻤ ﻠﻪ ﺳ ﯿﺴ ﺘﻢ د ﻟﺒﺴ ﺘ ﮕ ﯽ ﻋ ﺼ ﺒ ﯽ ر ا ﺑﯿﺎ ن ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨ ﻢ ‪ .‬ﻓ ﺼ ﻞ ‪ ۳‬ﺑ ﺮ‬
‫اﺳ ﺎس ﭘﺎﺳ ﺦ ﻫ ﺎی ﺳ ﺆاﻻ ت د و ﻓ ﺼ ﻞ او ل اﺳ ﺖ ﮐ ﻪ د ر اد ا ﻣ ﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺳ ﻮال ﺑﻌ ﺪ ی‬
‫ﻫ ﻤ ﺮا ه ﻣ ﯽ ﺷ ﻮ د ‪ :‬ﭼ ﺮ ا ا ﯾ ﻨ ﻘ ﺪ ر ﻃ ﻮ ل ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﺸ ﺪ ﮐ ﻪ ﺑ ﻔ ﻬ ﻤ ﯿﻢ ﻋ ﺰ ﯾﺰ ﻣ ﺎن ﺑﺮای ﻫ ﻤ ﯿﺸ ﻪ‬
‫ر ﻓ ﺘﻪاﺳ ﺖ ؟ ﻣ ﻦ اﺷ ﮑ ﺎل ﻣ ﺘﻌ ﺪ د د اﻧﺸ ﯽ را ﮐ ﻪ ﻣ ﻐ ﺰ ﻣ ﺎ ﺑﺮای ﻓ ﮑ ﺮ ﮐ ﺮد ن ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ‬
‫ﭘ ﺎ ز ل ﺑ ﻪ ﻃ ﻮ ر ﻫ ﻤ ﺰ ﻣ ﺎ ن د ر ا ﺧ ﺘ ﯿ ﺎ ر د ا ر د ‪ ،‬ﺗ ﻮ ﺿ ﯿ ﺢ ﻣ ﯽ د ﻫ ﻢ ‪ .‬د ر ﻓ ﺼ ﻞ ‪ ،۴‬ﭘ ﯿ ﺸ ﯿ ﻨ ﻪ‬
‫ﮐ ﺎ ﻓ ﯽ ﺑﺮای ﺑﺮر ﺳ ﯽ ﯾ ﮏ ﺳ ﻮال ﻣ ﻬ ﻢ را د ار ﯾ ﻢ ‪ :‬د ر ﻫ ﻨ ﮕ ﺎ م ﺳ ﻮ گ د ر ﻣ ﻐ ﺰ ﭼ ﻪ‬
‫اﺗ ﻔﺎ ﻗ ﯽ ﻣ ﯽ اﻓ ﺘﺪ ؟ ﺑﺎ اﯾﻦ ﺣ ﺎل ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮای د ر ک ﭘﺎﺳ ﺦ اﯾﻦ ﺳ ﺆال ‪ ،‬اﯾﻦ را ﻧﯿﺰ د ر ﻧﻈ ﺮ‬
‫ﻣ ﯽ ﮔ ﯿﺮ ﯾﻢ ﮐ ﻪ ؛ د ر ک ﻣ ﺎ از ﺳ ﻮ گ د ر ﻃ ﻮل ﺗﺎر ﯾ ﺦ ﻋ ﻠﻢ ﺳ ﻮ گ ﭼ ﮕ ﻮﻧﻪ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﮐ ﺮد ه‬
‫اﺳ ﺖ ؟ ﻓ ﺼ ﻞ ‪ ۵‬ﺑﺎ ﻇ ﺮا ﻓ ﺖ ﺑﯿﺸ ﺘﺮی ﺑﻪ ا ﯾﻦ ﻣ ﻮ ﺿ ﻮع ﻣ ﯽ ﭘﺮد ازد ﮐ ﻪ ﭼ ﺮا ﺑﺮﺧ ﯽ‬
‫ا ﻓ ﺮاد ﭘ ﺲ ا ز ‪ ،‬ا ز د ﺳ ﺖ د ا د ن ﻋ ﺰ ﯾ ﺰ ا ن ﺧ ﻮ د ﺑ ﻬ ﺘ ﺮ ا ز د ﯾ ﮕ ﺮ ا ن ﺑ ﺎ ﺷ ﺮ ا ﯾ ﻂ ‪ ،‬ﺳ ﺎ ز ﮔ ﺎ ر‬
‫ﻣ ﯽ ﺷ ﻮ ﻧ ﺪ و ا ﯾ ﻦ ﺳ ﻮ ا ل ر ا ﺑ ﺮ ر ﺳ ﯽ ﻣ ﯽﮐ ﻨﯿﻢ ‪ ،‬ﮐ ﻪ ﻋ ﻮار ض ﺳ ﻮ گ ﭘﯿﭽ ﯿﺪ ه ﭼ ﯿﺴ ﺖ ؟‬
‫ﻓ ﺼ ﻞ ‪ ۶‬ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻣ ﻮ ﺿ ﻮع ﻣ ﯽ ﭘﺮد ازد ﮐ ﻪ ﭼ ﺮا ا ز د ﺳ ﺖ د اد ن ا ﯾ ﻦ ﻓ ﺮد ﻋ ﺰ ﯾ ﺰ ‪ ،‬ا ﯾ ﻨ ﻘ ﺪ ر‬
‫د ر د ﻧ ﺎ ک ا ﺳ ﺖ ؟ ا ﯾ ﻦ ﻓ ﺼ ﻠ ﯽ ا ﺳ ﺖ ﮐ ﻪ د ر آن ‪ ،‬د ر ﻣ ﻮ ر د ﭼ ﮕ ﻮ ﻧ ﮕ ﯽ ﻋ ﻤ ﻠ ﮑ ﺮد ﻋ ﺸ ﻖ‬
‫و ا ﯾ ﻨ ﮑ ﻪ ﭼ ﮕ ﻮ ﻧﻪ ﻣ ﻐ ﺰ ﻣ ﺎ ﭘﯿﻮ ﻧﺪ ﻫ ﺎ ﯾ ﯽ ر ا ﮐ ﻪ د ر ر و ا ﺑ ﻂ ﺷ ﮑ ﻞ ﻣ ﯽ ﮔ ﯿ ﺮ ﻧ ﺪ ر ا ﳑ ﮑ ﻦ‬
‫ﻣ ﯽ ﺳ ﺎ ز د ‪ .‬ﻓ ﺼ ﻞ ‪ ۷‬ﺑ ﻪ ا ﯾ ﻦ ﻣ ﯽ ﭘ ﺮ د ا ز د ﮐ ﻪ و ﻗ ﺘ ﯽ ﻏ ﺮ ق ﺳ ﻮ گ ﻫ ﺴ ﺘﯿﻢ ‪ ،‬ﭼ ﻪ ﮐ ﺎ ر ی‬
‫ﻣ ﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﯿﻢ اﳓ ﺎ م د ﻫ ﯿﻢ ‪ .‬ﻣ ﻦ ﺑﻪ ر واﻧﺸ ﻨﺎﺳ ﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻟﯿﻨ ﯽ ﺑﺮای ﺑﺮر ﺳ ﯽ ﭘﺎﺳ ﺦ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ‬
‫ﺳ ﻮ ا ل ﺗ ﮑ ﯿ ﻪ ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨﻢ ‪.‬‬
‫د ر ﺑﺨ ﺶ د و م ﮐ ﺘﺎب ﺑﻪ ﻣ ﻮ ﺿ ﻮع ﺳ ﻮ ﮔ ﻮار ی ﻣ ﯽ ﭘﺮد از ﯾﻢ ‪ ،‬و اﯾﻨﮑ ﻪ ﭼ ﮕ ﻮ ﻧﻪ‬
‫ﻣ ﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﯿﻢ ﯾ ﮏ ز ﻧﺪ ﮔ ﯽ ﻣ ﻌ ﻨﺎد ار را ﺑﺎز ﯾﺎ ﺑ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨﯿﻢ ‪ .‬ﻓ ﺼ ﻞ ‪ ۸‬ﻣ ﯽ ﭘﺮﺳ ﺪ ‪ ،‬ﭼ ﺮا ﭘ ﺲ از ‪،‬‬
‫از د ﺳ ﺖ د اد ن ﯾ ﮑ ﯽ از ﻋ ﺰ ﯾﺰاﳕ ﺎن اﯾﻨ ﻘﺪ ر ﻧﺸ ﺨ ﻮار ﻓ ﮑ ﺮی ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨﯿﻢ ؟ ﺗﻐ ﯿﯿﺮ آﻧﭽ ﻪ‬
‫ﮐ ﻪ و ﻗ ﺖ ﺧ ﻮد ر ا ﺻ ﺮ ف ﻓ ﮑ ﺮ ﮐ ﺮد ن د ر ﻣ ﻮ ر د آن ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨﯿﻢ ‪ ،‬ﻣ ﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ار ﺗﺒﺎﻃ ﺎ ت‬
‫ﻋ ﺼ ﺒﯽ ﻣ ﺎ را ﺗﻐ ﯿﯿﺮ د ﻫ ﺪ و ﺷ ﺎﻧ ﺲ ﻣ ﺎ را ﺑﺮای ﺑﺎز ﯾﺎ ﺑ ﯽ ﯾ ﮏ ز ﻧﺪ ﮔ ﯽ ﻣ ﻌ ﻨﺎد ار‬
‫ا ﻓ ﺰا ﯾ ﺶ د ﻫ ﺪ ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ا ﯾ ﻦ ﺣ ﺎ ل ‪ ،‬ر و ﯾ ﮕ ﺮ د ا ﻧ ﯽ ا ز ﲤ ﺮ ﮐ ﺰ ﺑ ﺮ ﮔ ﺬ ﺷ ﺘ ﻪ ‪ ،‬ﻣ ﺎ ر ا ﺑ ﻪ ا ﯾ ﻦ ﺳ ﻮ ا ل‬
‫د ر ﻓ ﺼ ﻞ ‪ ۹‬ﺳ ﻮ ق ﻣ ﯽ د ﻫ ﺪ ﮐ ﻪ ا ﮔ ﺮ ﳊ ﻈ ﻪ ﺣ ﺎ ل ز ﻧ ﺪ ﮔ ﯽ ﻣ ﺎ ﺳ ﺮ ﺷ ﺎ ر ا ز ا ﻧ ﺪ و ه اﺳ ﺖ ‪،‬‬
‫ﭼ ﺮا ﺑﺎ ﯾ ﺪ د ر ﮔ ﯿﺮ آن ﺷ ﻮ ﯾ ﻢ ؟ ﭘﺎﺳ ﺦ ﺷ ﺎ ﻣ ﻞ ا ﯾ ﻦ ا ﯾ ﺪ ه اﺳ ﺖ ؛ ﮐ ﻪ ﻓ ﻘ ﻂ د ر ﳊ ﻈ ﻪ ﺣ ﺎل‬
‫اﺳ ﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣ ﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﯿﻢ ﺷ ﺎد ی و اﻧﺴ ﺎﻧﯿﺖ را ﻧﯿﺰ ﲡ ﺮ ﺑﻪ ﮐ ﻨﯿﻢ و ﺑﻪ ﻋ ﺰ ﯾﺰان ز ﻧﺪ ه ﺧ ﻮد‬
‫اﺑﺮاز ﻋﺸﻖ ﮐﻨﯿﻢ‪ .‬از ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ و ﺣﺎل‪ ،‬در ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ ۱۰‬ﺑﻪ آﯾﻨﺪه ﻣﯽرﺳﯿﻢ و‬
‫ﻣ ﯽ ﭘ ﺮ ﺳ ﯿ ﻢ ‪ ،‬ا ﮔ ﺮ آ ن ﺷ ﺨ ﺺ ﻗ ﺮار ﻧﯿﺴ ﺖ ﻫ ﺮ ﮔ ﺰ ﺑﺮ ﮔ ﺮد د ‪ ،‬ﭘ ﺲ ﭼ ﮕ ﻮ ﻧ ﻪ ﺣ ﺲ ا ﻧ ﺪ و ه‬
‫ﻣ ﺎ ﺗ ﻐ ﯿ ﯿ ﺮ ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨ ﺪ ؟ ﻣ ﻐ ﺰ ﻣ ﺎ ﻋ ﺎ ﻟ ﯽ ﮐ ﺎ ر ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨ ﺪ و ﻣ ﺎ ر ا ﻗ ﺎد ر ﻣ ﯽ ﺳ ﺎ ز د ﺗ ﺎ ﺗ ﻌ ﺪ اد‬
‫ﻧﺎ ﻣ ﺤ ﺪ و د ی از اﺣ ﺘﻤ ﺎ ﻻ ت آ ﯾﻨﺪ ه را ﺗﺼ ﻮ ر ﮐ ﻨﯿﻢ ‪ ،‬اﮔ ﺮ ا ﯾﻦ ﺗﻮاﻧﺎ ﯾ ﯽ را ﻣ ﻬ ﺎر ﮐ ﻨﯿﻢ ‪،‬‬
‫ﺣﺲ ﻣﺎ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﮐﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ ۱۱‬ﺑﺎ آﻧﭽﻪ رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ‬
‫ﺑﺎ آن ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ د ر ک ﻣ ﺎ از ﺳ ﻮ گ ﺑﻪ ﻋ ﻨﻮان ﻧﻮ ﻋ ﯽ ﯾﺎد ﮔ ﯿﺮی ﮐ ﻤ ﮏ ﮐ ﻨﺪ ‪ ،‬ﭘﺎ ﯾﺎن ﻣ ﯽ ﯾﺎ ﺑﺪ ‪.‬‬
‫ا ﺗ ﺨ ﺎ ذ ا ﯾ ﻦ ﻃ ﺮ ز ﻓ ﮑ ﺮ ﮐ ﻪ ﺳ ﻮ گ ﻧ ﻮ ﻋ ﯽ ﯾ ﺎ د ﮔ ﯿ ﺮ ی ا ﺳ ﺖ و ﻫ ﻤ ﻪ ﻣ ﺎ ﻫ ﻤ ﯿﺸ ﻪ د ر ﺣ ﺎ ل‬
‫ﯾﺎد ﮔ ﯿﺮی ﻫ ﺴ ﺘﯿﻢ ‪ ،‬ﳑ ﮑ ﻦ اﺳ ﺖ ﻣ ﺴ ﯿﺮ ﭘﺮ ﭘﯿﭻ و ﺧ ﻢ ﺳ ﻮ گ را آﺷ ﻨﺎﺗﺮ و‬
‫ا ﻣ ﯿ ﺪ و ا ر ﮐ ﻨﻨ ﺪ ه ﺗﺮ ﺳ ﺎ ز د ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﻘﺪﯾﻢ ﺑﻪ ﲤﺎم ﮐﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ ﭘﺬﯾﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ وﻟﯽ ﺗﺴﻠﯿﻢ ﻧﺸﺪﻧﺪ‪...‬‬
 ‫ﺑﺨﺶ او ل‪:‬‬
‫ﻓﻘﺪان دردﻧﺎك اﯾﻨﺠﺎ‪ ،‬اﮐﻨﻮن و ﻧﺰدﯾﮏ‬

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 ‫ﻓ ﺼ ﻞ او ل‬
‫راه ر ﻓ ﱳ د ر ﺗﺎر ﯾﮑ ﯽ‬

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‫و ﻗ ﺘ ﯽ راﺟ ﻊ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮر و ﺑﯿﻮ ﻟﻮژی ﺳ ﻮ گ ﺻ ﺤ ﺒﺖ ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨﻢ ‪ ،‬ﻣ ﻌ ﻤ ﻮ ﻻ ً از ﯾ ﮏ اﺳ ﺘﻌﺎره‬
‫ا ﺳ ﺘ ﻔ ﺎ د ه ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨ ﻢ ‪ ،‬ﮐ ﻪ ﺑﺮ اﺳ ﺎ س ﯾ ﮏ ﲡ ﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺴ ﯿﺎ ر آﺷ ﻨﺎﺳ ﺖ ‪ .‬ا ﻣ ﺎ ﺑﺮای ا ﯾ ﻨ ﮑ ﻪ ا ﯾ ﻦ‬
‫ا ﺳ ﺘ ﻌ ﺎ ر ه ‪ ،‬ﺑ ﺮ ا ی ﺷ ﻤ ﺎ ﻗ ﺎ ﺑ ﻞ د ر ک و ﻣ ﻌ ﻘ ﻮ ل ﺑ ﺎ ﺷ ﺪ؛ ﺑ ﺎ ﯾ ﺪ ﯾ ﮏ ﻓ ﺮ ﺿ ﯿ ﻪ ا و ﻟ ﯿ ﻪ ر ا د ر‬
‫ذ ﻫ ﻦ د ا ﺷ ﺘ ﻪ ﺑ ﺎ ﺷ ﯿ ﺪ ‪ .‬ا ﯾ ﻦ ﻓ ﺮ ﺿ ﯿ ﻪ ا و ﻟﯿ ﻪ ا ﯾ ﻦ ا ﺳ ﺖ ﮐ ﻪ ﻣ ﯿ ﺰ ﻧ ﻬ ﺎ ر ﺧ ﻮ ر ی ﺷ ﻤ ﺎ د ز د ﯾ ﺪ ه‬
‫ﺷ ﺪ ه ا ﺳ ﺖ ‪ .‬ﻓ ﺮ ض ﮐ ﻨﯿﺪ ﻧﯿﻤ ﻪ ﺷ ﺐ ‪ ،‬ﺗ ﺸ ﻨ ﻪ ا ز ﺧ ﻮ ا ب ﺑ ﯿ ﺪ ا ر ﻣ ﯽ ﺷ ﻮ ﯾ ﺪ ‪ ،‬ا ز ﺗ ﺨ ﺖ‬
‫ﺧ ﺎ ر ج ﻣ ﯽ ﺷ ﻮ ﯾ ﺪ و ﺑﻪ ﺳ ﻤ ﺖ آﺷ ﭙﺰ ﺧ ﺎ ﻧﻪ ﺣ ﺮ ﮐ ﺖ ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨﯿﺪ ﺗﺎ ﯾ ﮏ ﻟﯿﻮان آ ب‬
‫ﺑﻨﻮﺷ ﯿﺪ د ر ﭘﺎ ﯾﯿﻦ راﻫ ﺮو‪ ،‬از اﺗﺎق ﻧﺎﻫ ﺎر ﺧ ﻮری ﺗﺎر ﯾ ﮏ ﺑﻪ ﺳ ﻤ ﺖ آﺷ ﭙﺰﺧ ﺎﻧﻪ ﻣ ﯽ‬
‫ر و ﯾ ﺪ ‪ .‬آن ﳊ ﻈ ﻪ ای ﮐ ﻪ اﻧﺘﻈ ﺎر د ار ﯾﺪ ﭘﺎی ﺷ ﻤ ﺎ ﺑﻪ ﮔ ﻮﺷ ﻪ ﻣ ﯿﺰ ﻧﺎﻫ ﺎر ﺧ ﻮ ر ی ﺑﺮﺧ ﻮ رد‬
‫ﮐ ﻨ ﺪ ؛ ﺷ ﻤ ﺎ ﺣ ﺲ ﻣ ﯿ ﮑ ﻨﯿﺪ ﮐ ﻪ ‪ . . . .‬ﻫ ﻤ ﻤ ﻢ ‪ ! . . .‬ﭼ ﻪ ﺣ ﺴ ﯽ ﻣ ﯿ ﮑ ﻨﯿﺪ ؟ ﻫ ﯿﭽ ﯽ !‬
‫ﺷ ﻤ ﺎ ﻧﺎ ﮔ ﻬ ﺎ ن ﻣ ﺘﻮ ﺟ ﻪ ﻣ ﯽ ﺷ ﻮ ﯾ ﺪ ﮐ ﻪ د ر آن ﻧ ﻘ ﻄ ﻪ ﺧ ﺎ ص ﭘﺎی ﺧ ﻮ د ﻫ ﯿ ﭻ ﭼ ﯿﺰی‬
‫ا ﺣ ﺴ ﺎ س ﳕ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨ ﯿ ﺪ ‪ .‬ﻫ ﯿ ﭻ ﺑﺮ ﺧ ﻮ ر د ی اﺣ ﺴ ﺎ س ﳕ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨﯿﺪ و د ر و ا ﻗ ﻊ ا ﯾ ﻦ ﻫ ﻤ ﺎ ن‬
‫ﭼ ﯿﺰی اﺳ ﺖ ﮐ ﻪ ﺷ ﻤ ﺎ ر ا آ ﮔ ﺎه ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨ ﺪ ‪ .‬ﺣ ﺲ ﻧ ﮑ ﺮ د ن ﭼ ﯿ ﺰ ی ﺧ ﺎ ص ‪ ،‬ﺟ ﺎی‬
‫ﺧ ﺎ ﻟ ﯽ و ﻏ ﯿﺒﺖ ﭼ ﯿﺰی ‪ ،‬ﻣ ﻮ ﺿ ﻮ ﻋ ﯽ ا ﺳ ﺖ ﮐ ﻪ ﺗ ﻮ ﺟ ﻪ ﺷ ﻤ ﺎ ر ا ﺑ ﻪ ﺧ ﻮ د ﺟ ﻠ ﺐ ﮐ ﺮ د ه‬
‫اﺳ ﺖ ﮐ ﻪ ﺑﺴ ﯿﺎر ﻋ ﺠ ﯿﺐ اﺳ ﺖ ‪ ،‬ﭼ ﻮ ن ﻣ ﻌ ﻤ ﻮ ﻻ ً ا ﯾ ﻦ ﺣ ﻀ ﻮر ﭼ ﯿﺰﻫ ﺎی ﻣ ﺨ ﺘﻠ ﻒ‬
‫اﺳ ﺖ ﮐ ﻪ ﺗﻮﺟ ﻪ ﻣ ﺎ را ﺑﻪ ﺧ ﻮد ش ﺟ ﻠﺐ ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨﺪ ‪ .‬ﭼ ﻄ ﻮ ر ﻣ ﯽ ﺷ ﻮد ﮐ ﻪ ﭼ ﯿﺰی ﮐ ﻪ‬
‫و ﺟ ﻮد ﻧﺪ ار د ﺗﻮ ﺟ ﻪ ﻣ ﺎ ر ا ﺑﻪ ﺧ ﻮد ش ﺟ ﻠ ﺐ ﮐ ﻨﺪ ؟‬
‫د ر واﻗ ﻊ ﺷ ﻤ ﺎ ﻓ ﻘ ﻂ د ر اﯾﻦ د ﻧﯿﺎ ﻗ ﺪ م ﳕ ﯿﺰﻧﯿﺪ ‪ .‬ﯾﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻃ ﻮر د ﻗﯿﻖ ﺗﺮی ﺑﯿﺸ ﺘﺮ او ﻗﺎت‬
‫د ر ﺣ ﺎ ل ز ﻧ ﺪ ﮔ ﯽ د ر د و د ﻧ ﯿ ﺎ ی ﻣ ﺨ ﺘ ﻠ ﻒ ﻫ ﺴ ﺘ ﯿ ﺪ ‪ .‬ﯾ ﮑ ﯽ از ا ﯾﻦ د ﻧﯿﺎ ﻫ ﺎی ﯾ ﮏ ﻧ ﻘ ﺸ ﻪ‬
‫واﻗ ﻌﯿﺖ ﻣ ﺠ ﺎزی ذ ﻫ ﻨﯽ اﺳ ﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃ ﻮر ﮐ ﺎﻣ ﻞ د ر ﻣ ﻐﺰ ﺷ ﻤ ﺎ ﺳ ﺎﺧ ﺘﻪ ﺷ ﺪ ه اﺳ ﺖ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻐﺰ ﺷﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﺪن اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﺷﻤﺎ را از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﻧﻘﺸﻪای ﮐﻪ در ﺧﻮدش اﯾﺠﺎد ﮐﺮده‬
‫اﺳ ﺖ د ر د ﻧﯿﺎی واﻗ ﻌ ﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺣ ﺮﮐ ﺖ د ر ﻣ ﯽ آ و ر د و ﺑﻪ ﻫ ﻤ ﯿﻦ د ﻟﯿ ﻞ ﻣ ﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﯿﺪ ﺑﻪ‬
‫راﺣﺘﯽ در ﺗﺎرﯾﮑﯽ در ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺧﻮد ﺣﺮﮐﺖ ﮐﻨﯿﺪ‪.‬ﺷﻤﺎ ﺑﺮای ﺟﻬﺖ ﯾﺎﺑﯽ از دﻧﯿﺎی‬
‫ﺑﯿ ﺮو ن اﺳ ﺘ ﻔﺎ د ه ﳕ ﯽ ﮐ ﻨ ﯿﺪ‪ .‬ﺷ ﻤ ﺎ ا ز ﻧ ﻘ ﺸ ﻪ ﻫ ﺎ ﯾ ﯽ ﮐ ﻪ د ر ﻣ ﻐ ﺰ ﺧ ﻮد د ار ﯾ ﺪ ﺑﺮای ﺣ ﺮﮐ ﺖ‬

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changes the bell in the second place always lieth still, whereas at the
rest of the changes that are made at the leadings of the whole-hunt,
the bell in the fourth place lieth still. The warning for the bobs in the
120, 180, and 360, in each of these six peals is the same with that in
the 120, 180, and 360 in Colledge Doubles, p. 143. Each of these
peals will go 720 with two extreams, which must be made according
to the rule in the Introduction, page 90.
In the 120 of each there prickt, viz., in City Bob, London Bob,
and Triples doubles and singles, the 2 is the half-hunt, and in the
other three peals the 3 is the half-hunt.
In the 180 and 360 of each peal, the 2 and 4 may be the half and
quarter-hunts, or others at pleasure.

New Bob.

Triples and Doubles. The general method of this Peal is the

same with Grandsire Bob, and the bobs also made as in that peal. It
will go 120, 180, or 240, and by making of two extreams it will go
360 or 480; and with six singles it will go 720.
To ring 120. Every time the half-hunt dodgeth behind a bob
must then be made.
To ring 180. Every time the half and quarter-hunt dodg together
behind, a bob must then be made; and by making of two extreams it
will go 360. The first extream may be made at the first, second, or
third bob; observing to make the second extream at the third
following bob from the first extream, where the singles in both must
be made behind.
To ring 720. The bobs throughout the peal are made by the same
rule as in the 120, but farther observing, when the whole and half-
hunts come together before, if the quarter-hunt lieth either in the
third or fourth places, then a single must be made betwixt the two
next extream bells to the quarter-hunt.
The 2 may be the half-hunt and 4 the quarter-hunt, or others at
pleasure.

Colledge Little Bob, dodging behind.

 Triples and Doubles. The Treble is the whole-hunt, and hath a
direct hunting course. When it moves down out of the fifth place, the
two hind-bells dodg until it comes there again. All the bells have a
direct hunting course, but observing, that when any bell moves up
into the fourth place, if the Treble is then any where below it, it lies
there twice, and then moves down again. By this method it will go
sixty changes; and by making of bobs it will go 120, 180, or 360. At
every bob-change the bell in the second place lieth still. The warning
for the bobs is the same with that in Colledge Doubles, page 143. And
the two extreams in the 720 must be made according to the rule in
the Introduction, page 90.
 123456 162345
214365 126354
241356
423165 156423
432615 bob
346251 154632
364521
635412 134256
653142 143265
561324
516342 163542
153624 136524
135642
316524 126435
361542 bob
635124 124653
653214
562341 154326
526431 145362
254613
245163 165243
421536 bob
412563 162534
145236
bob 132465
142563 123456

In the 120 here prickt, 3 is the half-hunt; and in the 180 or 360,
2 and 4 may be the half and quarter-hunts, or others at pleasure.
This peal in practice will be found very plain and easie, and
also good Musick.

Colledge Little Bob, dodging before and behind.

 Triples and Doubles. The Treble hath a direct hunting course,
and when it moves up out of the second place, the two first bells dodg
until it comes there again; and also when it moves down out of the
5th place, the two hind-bells dodg until it comes there again. Every
bell that moves up into the fourth place, if the Treble is any where
below it, lies there twice and then hunts down; and also every bell
that moves down into the third place, if the Treble is any where
above it, lieth there twice, and then hunts up behind. By this method
it will go sixty changes, and by making of bobs it will go 120, 180, or
360. At every bob-change the bell in the second place lieth still. The
2 is the half-hunt in the 120 here prickt, and 2 and 4 may be the half
and quarter-hunts in the 120 and 360, or others at pleasure.
 123456 bob
214365 156342
241356
423165 134562
243615 bob
426351 135426
246531
425613 142356
245163 124365
421536
412563 136245
145236 163254
154263
512436 125634
521463 152643
254136
524316 164523
253461 bob
523641 165432
256314
526134 143652
251643 bob
215634 146325
126543
162534 132465
123456
153624
The warning for the bobs is the same with that in the Colledge
Doubles, p. 143. And the two extreams in the 720 must be made
according to the general rule in the Introduction, page 90.

Court Bob.
 Triples and Doubles. The Treble hath a direct hunting course.
Every bell that comes before and behind makes a Dodg, then lieth
still, and so moves away, except the bell that lieth still behind when
the treble leads, and also that bell which leads when the Treble lieth
behind, both which do dodg before and after their lying still, and
then move away. When the treble leads and lieth behind, the double
is made on the four middle bells. By this method it will go sixty
changes; and with bobs it will go 120, 180, or 360. At the bob-
changes the bell in the fourth place lieth still.
 123456 165324
214365 156234
241356
423165 143265
243615 134625
426351
462531 152643
645213 bob
465123 125634
641532
614523 143652
165432 134562
156342
513624 126543
531642 bob
356124 162534
536214
352641 143526
325461 134256
234516
324156 165243
231465 156423
213456
124365 132465
bob bob
142356 123456

To ring 120. Every time the half-hunt maketh a change next the
whole-hunt, a bob must then be made, as in this here prickt, where 2
is the half-hunt.
To ring 180. Every time the half and quarter-hunts make a
change together next the whole-hunt, a bob must then be made.
To ring 360. Every time the half-hunt maketh a change next the
whole-hunt a bob must then be made, except when a quarter-hunt
makes a change there with it, and then not.
 In the 180 and 360 2 and 4 may be the half and quarter-hunts
or others at pleasure. The two extreams in the 720 must be made
according to the rule in the Introduction. The first extream may be
made either first, second, or third time that the half and quarter-
hunts make a change together in the second and third places at the
leading of the whole-hunt; and then the second extream must be
made the third time following that those two bells make a change
there again, the extreams being there made in the fourth and fifth
places, and the singles in the second and third places.
Every time the Treble leads, the double may as well be made on
the four hind-bells, and the bobs to be made as before; but the
warning for them the same with Colledge Doubles.

Five Colledge Bobs.

In these five peals, the Treble is the whole-hunt, and hath a like
dodging course in all of them. The general method of the five peals is
as follows: viz.
Colledge Bob the first. When the Treble moves down out of the
fifth place, the two hind bells dodg until it comes there again. Every
bell leads twice, and then hunts up into the fourth place, unless the
dodging course of the Treble hinders it, where it lieth twice and then
moves down again; except the bell that dodged with the Treble
before, and also that which leads when the Treble lieth still behind,
both which hunt directly up. When the Treble moves down from
dodging in the third and fourth places, the bell that dodged there
with it continues in those two places, lying twice together in each by
turns until the Treble comes to dodg there with it again.
Colledge Bob the second. Every bell when it comes to lead makes
a dodg before, then it lyeth still one change, then it makes another
dodg, and so moves up into the fourth place where it lieth still twice,
and then down again; except it dodgeth with the Treble in the fourth
place, and then it hunts up behind. But when the Treble moves down
out of the third place, the two bells in the third and fourth places
continue there until the Treble comes up there again, during which
time the two hind-bells dodg.
 Colledge Bob the third. When the Treble leaves leading, the two
first bells dodg until it comes to lead again; except when the Treble
dodgeth behind, for then the two first bells lie still. When the Treble
leaves the two hind-bells, they lie still one change, dodg the next, and
so by turns until the treble comes there again. The two middle bells
always dodg until the Treble hindereth them.

Colledge Bob the First.

 123456 435216
214365 &c.
124356 163542
213465 bob.
231456 165324
324165
321456 123564
234165 bob.
243615 125346
426351
462315 143526
643251 134562
634521
365412 165432
356421 156423
534612
543162 124653
451326 142635
453162
541326 136245
514362 bob.
153426 132654
513462
154326 156234
145362 bob.
413526 152643
143562
415326 146253
451362 164235
543126
541362 132465
453126 123456

Colledge Bob the Second.

 123456 543216
214365 &c.
124356 153624
213465 bob
231645 135642
326154
231654 153462
326145 bob
362415 135426
634251
364215 153246
632451 152364
623541
265314 125634
625341 126543
263514
236154 162453
321645 164235
236145
321654 146325
312564 bob
135246 164352
315264
132546 146532
135264 bob
312546 164523
132564
315246 146253
351426 142635
534162
351462 124365
534126 123456

Colledge Bob the Third.

 123456 462513
214365 &c.
123465 165432
214356 bob
241365 156423
423156
241356 143526
423165 bob
243615 134562
426351
423615 152364
246351 153246
423651
246315 126543
243651 125634
426315
246135 164235
421653 162453
246153
421635 143652
412653 bob
146235 134625
412635
146253 165324
142635 bob
416253 156342
142653
416235 132546
461253 135264
642135
461235 124365
642153 123456

Colledge Bob the Fourth.

 123456 462513
214365 &c.
124356 165432
213465 bob
231456 156423
324165
321456 143526
234165 bob
243615 134562
426351
246315 152364
423651 153246
246351
423615 126543
243651 125634
426315
462135 164235
641253 162453
642135
461253 143652
416235 bob
142653 134625
412635
146253 165324
142635 bob
416253 156342
146235
412653 132546
421635 135264
246153
241635 124365
426153 123456
Colledge Bob the fourth. When the Treble leaves the two hind
bells, they dodg until it comes there again; and then the two first
bells dodg until the Treble gives way for the two hind bells to dodg
again, and then the two first bells cease dodging.

Colledge Bob the Fifth.

 123456 632514
214365 &c.
124356 163542
213465 bob
231456 136524
324165
321456 163425
234165 bob
324615 136452
236451
234615 163254
326451 162345
234651
326415 126543
324651 125634
236415
326145 152436
231654 154263
236145
321654 145362
312645 bob
136254 154326
316245
132654 145623
136245 bob
312654 154632
132645
316254 145236
361245 142563
632154
631245 124365
362154 123456
Colledge Bob the fifth. When the Treble leaves the two hind
bells, they dodg until it comes there again. And when it leaves the
two first bells they lie still one change, dodg the next, and so by turns
until it comes down there again; during which time the bells in the
third and fourth places dodg except when the Treble hindereth them.
By these methods each of them will go 120 changes, and by
making of bobs they will go 240, 360, or 720. In the first of them the
bell in the second place lieth still at the bob-changes, and in the other
four the bell in the fourth place always lieth still.
To ring 240. Every time the half-hunt dodgeth behind a bob
must then be made, as in these peals here prickt; where, in the first
peal the 4 is the half-hunt, and in the other four peals the 2 is the
half-hunt.
To ring 360. Every time the half and quarter-hunts dodg
together behind, a bob must then be made.
To ring 720. Every time the half-hunt dodgeth behind a bob
must then be made, except when the quarter-hunt dodgeth there
with it, and then not.
In the 360 or 720 of each peal the 2 may be the half-hunt, and 4
the quarter-hunt or others at pleasure.

The Experiment.

Triples and Doubles. The Treble is the whole-hunt, but never

hunteth up farther than the fourth place, for the four first bells go
Doubles and Singles; and every time the Treble leads an extream is
made in the third and fourth places, according to the common course
of doubles and singles upon, four bells; which course of doubles and
singles must be continued, the two hind bells in the mean time
dodging, until the making of the first Parting change, which will
separate the two hind bells; and then the four first bells go the same
course of doubles and singles again, the two hind bells dodging as
before, until the making of the second Parting change, and so
successively. The Parting change is a double change on the four
middle bells, and made at the leading of the Treble. The first Parting
change may be made either at the first second or third leading of the
Treble, observing, that whatsoever bell in the first Parting change
moves down to the Treble, when the Treble leads and that bell lieth
next it again, the second Parting change must then be made. And
whatsoever bell in the second Parting change moves down to the
Treble when the Treble leads, and that bell lieth next it again, the
third Parting change must then be made, and so successively. There
being five Parting changes in the Peal, and as many half-hunts, each
of the bells (the Treble excepted) taking that place one after another;
and consequently, the five persons that ring them must call the
Parting changes one after another as their turn comes, according to
the aforesaid rule.
 Changes upon Seven Bells.
The methods upon five may be prickt upon seven, observing but the
true difference of proportion in the changes; that is, doubles upon
five bells must be triples upon seven; doubles and singles upon five
must be triples and doubles upon seven, &c.

Plain Triples.

All the bells have a direct hunting course. All peals upon six bells
wherein half the changes are triples, will go upon seven according to
this method here prickt; two of the changes upon six being always
made at the leadings of the Treble, the six hindmost bells making
them: the first is a triple change brought in by the course of the bells,
and the next must either be double or single according to the method
of the changes upon six.
1234567
2143657
2416375
4261735
4627153
6472513
6745231
7654321
7563412
5736142
5371624
3517264
3152746
1325476

Dodging Triples.

Triples and Doubles upon six may also go upon seven, according
to this method here prickt, but in the same manner as the former.
 1234567
2143576
2415367
4251376
4523167
5432617
4523671
5432761
4523716
5432176
5341267
3514276
3152467
1325476
1352746

Colledge Bob Triples.

1234567 6745312
2135476 7654132
2314567 7561423
3241657 5716243
3426175 5172634
4362715 1527364
4637251 1253746
6473521
Every time the Treble leaves leading, the bell in the third place
lieth still, whilst the four hind bells dodg; but otherwise all the bells
have a direct hunting course as Plain Triples. By this method it will
go seventy changes, and by making of bobs it will go 350. The rule
for the bobs is this; when the Treble goeth to lead, if the half-hunt
lying before gives it place, then a bob must be made at that change,
wherein the bell in the third place lieth still, and the four hind bells
dodg; so that at every bob the four hind bells make two dodges
before they part. By making of two extreams it will go 700, and with
four extreams it will go 1400. But by making of intervening bobs it
will go 700 compleat triples without any extream; 1400 with two
extreams, and 2800 with four extreams. Any bell may be made a
half-hunt.

Colledge Bob, Triples: the second way.

1234567 4536271 7162534 7326145

2135476 5463721 1726354 3762415
2314567 5647312 1273645 3674251
3241576 6574132 2176354
3425167 6751423 2713645
4352617 7615243 7231654
When the Treble leaves leading, the two hind bells dodg until
Treble parts them; but in all other respects ’tis the same with the
former, and the bobs made in the same manner, and by the same
rule as in that peal, and it will go as many changes also as that.

Colledge Triples, dodging behind.

1234567 5346271 7165324 3675124

2143576 3564721 1756342 6357214
2415367 3657412 1753624 6532741
4251376 6375142 7135642
4523167 6731524 7316524
5432617 7613542 3761542

Colledge Triples, dodging before and behind.

1234567 2436571 4126753 4726153

2143576 4263751 1462735 7462513
2415367 2467315 1467253 4765231
4251376 4276135 4176235
2453167 2471653 4712653
4235617 4217635 7421635