Section 1

(Vectors & Matrices)

Ass.Lec. Mahmoud Sobhy
Vectors

If A = (2, 6, 8), B = (5, −1, 12) and C = (80, 0, −5), find

(a) B+C
(b) A+B-C
(c) 3A+2B-C
Is this vector a unit vector?

(a) (0 , 0 , 1)
(b) (1/2 , 1/2 , √2/2)
(c) (1/√2 , 0 , −1/√2)
Matrices

Every element is [𝑎𝑖𝑗 ]

▪ Find a, b, c if:
3𝑎 6 9 2𝑏
−4 −𝑑
= 𝐶 1

a = 3, b = 3, c = -4 , d = -1
Special Matrices

1) Square Matrix:

2) Row Matrix:
• Only one row.

3) Column Matrix:
• Only one column.

4) Zero Matrix (null matrix):

• [𝑎𝑖𝑗 = 0].

5) Diagonal Matrix:
• [𝑎𝑖𝑗 = 0 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑖 ≠ 𝑗].
Special Matrices

1 0
6) Identity Matrix: , 7) Scaler Matrix:
0 1

8) Triangle Matrix:

9) Symmetric Matrix: Square Matrix with:

𝑎𝑖𝑗 ] = [𝑎𝑗𝑖 𝑖𝑓 𝑖 ≠ 𝑗 , 𝐴𝑇 = 𝐴
(Operations on Matrices)
(1) Multiply a Matrix with a real number:

2 3 −2
If A = 1 −4 6
, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛:

6 9 −6
3𝐴 =
3 − 12 18
(Operations on Matrices)
(2) Adding Matrices
(a) A+B
(b) A+B-C
(c) 2A+3B
(d) 3A+2B-C
(e) Find values of x and y so that A=C
(Operations on Matrices)
(3) Transpose of Matrix
Diagonally Dominant Matrix
 Is this matrix diagonally dominant?

𝟔 3 −2
1- −𝟒 𝟐 −𝟐
𝟓 −𝟏 𝟑

𝟎 1 −1
2- 𝟏𝟎 𝟐 𝟓
𝟓 𝟏 −𝟔
Thank You
Ass.Lec. Mahmoud Sobhy

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