Unit 1

知识清单

1. preserve vt. 保存；保护；维持；保留

n. [C] 保护区

Preserve sb/sth from/against...=protect...from...= keep...from 保护...免受...

preserve sth. for ... 为……而保存/保留

put sth. on preserve＝keep sth. in preserve 保存/保留某物

preservation n. 保存；保护

2.balance n．平衡；均匀；天平 vt.使平衡；权衡

keep one's balance 保持平衡 lose one's balance 失去平衡

keep a balance between A and B 保持 A 与 B 间的平衡

balance A against/with/and B 权衡 A 与 B

balanced adj. 平衡的；均衡的

3.lead to 导致；造成(后果)；通向

lead sb. to do sth.使/引领某人做某事

lead/live a ...life 过着……样的生活

lead sb. to ... 引导某人去……(地方)

take the lead 带头；居首位 in/have the lead 领先

4.likely adj. 可能的 adv.或许；可能地
be likely to do 很可能做……；有希望做……

It is likely that ... 有可能……

5.limit n．限度；限制 vt.限制；限定
put/set a limit to ...对……限制

within the limits of 在……的范围内 without limit 无限(制)地

be limited to sth. 局限于某处

limited adj. 有限的；不多的 limitless adj.无限制的；无界限的

6.prevent vt.阻止；阻碍；阻挠

prevent ...from...不准；阻止……

stop ...from (doing) ...制止……=keep ...from (doing) ...阻止……

7.loss n. 丧失；损失

suffer great/heavy/huge losses 遭受巨大的损失

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at a loss 困惑，不知所措

make up for the loss 弥补损失

lose v. 丢失；丧失，失去；输掉；错过(机会)

lost adj. 迷路的；丢失的 be lost in thought 陷入沉思

8. contribution n. 捐款；贡献；捐赠

make a contribution (contributions) to ... 为……作出贡献

contribute ... to ... 捐献；捐助

contribute to ... 有助于；导致

9.within prep.& adv.在(某段时间、距离或范围)之内

within 20 metres of a place 离某地不到 20 米

within one's power/ability 在某人能力之内

within (one's) reach 触手可及

10. donate v. (尤指向慈善机构)捐赠；赠送；献(血)

donate ... to ... 向……捐赠……

give/make/present a donation to ... 捐赠给……

donator n. 捐赠者；赠送者 donation n. 捐赠；捐赠物；赠送

11. attempt vt./n. 试图 (尤指做困难的事)

make an attempt to do sth. 试图做某事

at the/one' s first attempt 第一次尝试

attempt to do sth.试图做某事

12.worthwhile adj. 值得做的；值得花时间的

It's worthwhile doing sth.=It's worthwhile to do sth.值得做某事

be worth＋n.值得……，值…… be worth doing“某事值得被做”

be worthy of＋n.值得……的

be worthy of being done“某事值得被做”，接动名词的被动式

be worthy to be done“某事值得被做”，用不定式的被动式

13.entrance n．入口；进入

the entrance to ＋s.pl ……的入口

the College Entrance Examinations 高考

exit n. 出口 the exit of＋someplace ……的出口

enter vi. 进入

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14.process vt. 加工；处理；冲印照片 n.过程；进程；步骤
in process 在进行中

in the process of 在……过程中

15.forgive vt.&vi. (forgave, forgiven) 原谅；宽恕 vt.对不起；请原谅
forgive sb. for (doing) sth. 原谅某人(做的)某事

forgive one's doing sth. 原谅某人做的某事

forgive sb. sth. 宽恕某人某事

forgiveness n. 原谅；宽恕

16.quality n．质量；品质；素质；特征 adj.优质的；高质量的

of good/high/poor quality 质量好的/高的/差的

in quality 在质量方面

equality n. 平等

17. contrast n. 对比；对照 vt. 对比；对照

in contrast to/with 与……截然不同；与……对比鲜明；相比之下

by contrast 相比之下

contrast (A and/with B) 对比；对照

重点句型

1．There comes a time when the old must give way to the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything

from our past as we move towards the future.新旧更替的时代已经到来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能

将过去的一切都保存下来。

There comes a time when ...“……的时代到来”。when 在此引导定语从句，修饰 a time。

(1)This is/was a time when ... 这是/曾是一个……的时期

(2)There was a time when ... 曾有一段时间……

2.Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past, but they

had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.这些国家不仅

找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。

not only ...but (also) 不仅……而且……，既可以用来连接两个名词、代词或短语，也可以用来连接两个句

子。当 not only 位于句首时，其所在的句子要用部分倒装。

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巩固练习
词形转换

1.creative adj. 创造性的；有创造力的→___________n. 创造力；创造性→__________v.创造；创作

2.preserve vt. 保存；保护；维持 n. 保护区→___________n. 保护,保存；

3.promote vt. 促进；提升；推销；晋级→___________n. 晋升

4.application n. 申请(表)；运用；应用→________n. 申请人→________vi. 适合；申请 vt. 应用，使用

5.profession n. 行业；职业→_______________adj.专业的；职业的 n. 专业人员；职业选手

6.loss n. 丧失；损失→_______adj. 迷路的；丢失的→___________v.丢失，失去

7.__________n. 捐款；贡献；捐赠→contribute vi.& vt. 捐献；(为报纸、杂志、电台或电视节目)撰稿

8.donate vt. 捐赠；赠送；献(血)→_________n. 捐赠者；赠送者→ _________n. 捐赠；捐赠物；赠送

9.archaeology n. 考古学→____________n. 考古学家→___________adj.考古的；考古学的；考古学上的

10.entrance n. 入口；进入→__________v. 进入 →_________n. 出口；通道

11.forgive vt.& vi. (forgave; forgiven) 原谅；宽恕 →_______ n. 原谅；宽恕；宽宏大量

12.tradition n. 传统；传统的信仰或风格→__________adj.传统的→____________adv. 传统上地

13.__________adj. 历史上著名(或重要)的；有史时期的→history n. 历史；历史学→_____________ adv. 历

史上地；从历史观点上说

14.balance vt.使平衡；n.平衡→ ____________adj.平衡的，保持平衡的

15.establish vt.建立；创立→ ______________n.建立；创立；确立

16.limit vt.限制；限定 n.限制；限度→ ________adj.有限的→ ________adj.无限制的→ _________n.限制

17.investigate v 调查；研究→ _____________n.(正式的)调查，侦查

18.appear v.出现；显现；显得→_________n.外貌；外表；出现→___________vi.消失；灭绝

19.profession n.行业，职业→______adj.专业的；职业的 n.专业人员；职业选手→________ n.教授；讲师

20.compare __ v.比较；对比→____________ n.比较；相比

21.identify vt.确认；认出；找到→_________ n.辨别；鉴定；身份证明→________ n.身份；本体；同一性

22.propose v.提议，建议，求婚 →_________ n.提议，建议，求婚

重要短语
1.参加(某活动)；参与(某事)_____________ 2.参考；指的是________

3．让步；屈服_________________ 4．保持平衡_______________

5．导致__________________ 6．提出建议_________________

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7．向……求助______________ 8．拆掉__________

9．阻止/阻碍/阻挠……______________ 10．向……捐赠……___________

单句语法填空
1．The Old Town Hall _____________ (establish) in 1338.

2．They attempted __________ (finish) the task before July.

3.A__________ (balance) diet and regular exercise are both of great importance for your health.

4.There has been an angry reaction to the government’s_________(propose) to reduce unemployment benefit.

5.The variety of food at the restaurant is__________ (limit),but the amount of each dish is fairly large.

6.Failure can make positive________ (contribute) to your life once you learn to make use of it.

7.We want to make a________ (donate) to the Hope Project,so we are organizing a charity show.

8.The collected money should be used to help those who suffered great__________ (lose) in the earthquake.

9.Mary passed the college ________(enter) examination,which made her parents very happy.

10.Yu Dabao,born in Qingdao,Shandong Province in 1988,is a __________(profession) football player.

11.I’m writing to tell you about the debate on whether we should spend time and energy

on________(archaeologist) work.

12.When you send a________(digital) signed message you are sending your certificate and public key.

13．This was a time ________ a great number of people went abroad.

14．Tom took the police to the spot________ the accident happened.

15.It is difficult to make a _____________(compare) with her previous book because they are completely different.

16.They dropped to their knees and begged _______________(forgive)．

17．It’s one of the few countries___________ people drive on the left.

18．Sun cream can prevent us ________ being sunburnt.

19．It is a bad habit to refer ________ the dictionary when reading.

20．Someone ________ is fluent in a particular language can speak the language easily and correctly.

翻译句子

1.我不但了解了你们相当多的文化而且交了很多朋友。(not only 引起的倒装句)

____________________________________________________ but also I made many friends.
2.孩子们需要知道更多生活基本事实的时代到来了。(...a time when)
______________________ children need to know more than the basic facts of life.

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定语从句翻译

1.这就是我在这儿旅行时住过的旅馆。

2．他是我们大家都愿意向其学习的人。

3．苏珊就是那个我们要送给她书的女孩。

4．她是唯一通过考试的女孩。

5．我们在学生中进行了一次调查，78%的学生投票支持 Lee 来当班长。

6．毕业以后，他回到那个他长大的小镇上。

课文语法填空

There comes a time when the old must give way to the new. 1._________ (keep) the right balance between

progress and the protection of cultural sites can be 2.__________ big challenge.

In the 1950s, the Egyptian government wanted to build a new dam across the Nile 3.__________ (benefit) more

farmers, 4._________led to protests. The government turned 5.________the United Nations for help. Then a

committee 6.___________ (establish) to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings. 7.___________(final) a document

was signed, and the work began in 1960.

When the project ended in 1980, it was considered a great 8.__________(succeed). The spirit of the Aswan Dam

project 9.__________ (be) still alive today. If a problem seems too difficult for a single nation, the

10.__________(globe) community can sometimes provide a solution.

Unit 2

知识清单

1.reserve n．(动植物)保护区；储藏(量)vt.预订；预留；保留

are reserved for 为...预留 reserve a ticket .订票

a wildlife reserve 野生动植物保护区

reservation 预定 make a reservation 预定

2.hunt vt.& vi.打猎；搜寻；追捕；猎取

go hunting 去打猎 hunter n. 猎人

hunt for (＝search for) 搜索；追寻；寻找

be on the hunt for 正在寻找；在寻求中

3.alarm(1)vt.使惊恐；使害怕；使担心；惊动 n.恐慌；警报；警报器

alarmed adj. 惊恐的

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be alarmed at/by ... 对……感到惊慌或害怕

be alarmed to do sth.对做某事感到惊恐

a fire alarm 防火警报器 in alarm 惊恐地

alarming adj. 惊人的；使人惊恐的

4.aware adj.知道；发觉；有……意识的

be aware of 意识到；知道

be/become aware that ...知道/意识到……

as far as I'm aware 据我所知

awareness n. 意识；认识

develop an awareness of ... 养……的意识

5.average adj.平均的；正常的；普通的；平常的 n.平均数；平均水平；一般水准

an average of 平均有(后跟数词)

on average 平均

above/below the average 在平均水平以上/以下

6.concern vt.涉及；让……担忧；关系到 n.关心；关注；(利害)关系

concern oneself about ..关心…… concern oneself in ...介入/卷入……

have no concern with ... 和……无关 show concern for ...对……表示关心

concerned adj. 担心的；关切的 concerning prep. 关于

Be concerned about/for 对……关切的；为……担忧的

be concerned with sth. 牵涉到；与……有关

as/so far as ... be concerned 就……而言

7.adapt vi.适应 vt.使适应；使适合 vt.改编；改写

adapt oneself to 使自己适应于…… adapt to 适应；适合

adapt ...from 根据……改编…… adapt for 将……改编为……

adaptable adj. 能适应的；可修改的

adaptation n. 改编本；适应

8.measure vt. 判定；测量；估量 n.[C]措施；方法；尺度；计量单位

take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事

make ...to one's measure 依照某人的尺寸做……

measure ... by ...用……来衡量…… measure sb. for ...为某人量尺寸

9.observe vt.观察(到)；注视；遵守(规则、法律等)；庆祝；观测；监视

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observe sb. do sth.观察到某人做某事（过程）

observe sb. doing sth. 观察到某人正在做某事

observe sb./sth. done 观察到……被……

observe＋that 从句发现……

observation n. 观察；观测

10.remind vt.提醒；使想起

remind sb. of (doing) sth.提醒某人(做)某事

remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人去做某事

remind sb. that ...使某人想起……

keep sb. reminded of 使某人想起……

11.attack vt.&vi.攻击；抨击 n.攻击；抨击；病情发作

under attack 遭到攻击/袭击 a heart attack 心脏病突发

make an attack on 对……发动攻击

attack sb.攻击/抨击某人 be attacked with (a disease) 患/得(病)

12.recover vi.恢复；康复 vt.找回；寻回

recover from 从……中恢复过来 recover oneself 镇定下来

recovery n. 恢复；康复 make a recovery from ... 从……中恢复过来

13.remove vt.去除；移开；脱去；搬开

remove sth.from 从....搬走某物 remove sth into/out of 把某物搬入/出

remove sb. from the school/post 勒令某人退学/辞职

remove one's doubt/trouble 消除某人的疑虑/烦恼

14.intend vi.&vt.打算；计划；想要

intend doing/to do sth.打算做某事

intend sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事

be intended to do 为了做……

be intended for 专门为……而设计的；专供……使用的

had intended to do sth.＝intended to have done sth.本打算做某事(但实际上没有做)

intention n. 打算；计划 have intention of doing...打算做……

15.exist vi.存在；生存

exist in 存在于……之中 exist on 靠……生活/生存

There exists ... 存在……；有……

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existence n. 存在；生存 in existence 现存的；现有的

come into existence 产生；成立；开始存在

16.reduce vt.减少；缩减

reduce ... to ... ……减少到……

reduce ... by ...……减少了……

reduce sb. to (doing) sth. 某人陷入(更坏的)境地；使某人沦落为

17.due adj.由于；因为；欠款的；预定的

due to 由于；因为

be due to do sth. 预定/计划做某事

be due to sb. 应支付/给予/归于某人

be due for sth. 应用某物；应得到某物

重点句型

1.This is why we're here — to observe Tibetan antelopes.这就是我们来这里的原因——看藏羚羊。

That/This/It is why ... 表示“那/这就是为什么……”，why 引导表语从句。

It/This/That is because ... 这/那就是因为……

The reason why ... is/was that ... ……的原因是……

2.Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our

planet.只有学会和大自然和谐共处，我们才不会成为野生生物和地球的威胁。

“only＋状语(副词/介词短语/从句)”置于句首，主句要用部分倒装形式。

若 only 修饰主语，即使在句首也不倒装。

Only she can finish the work in an hour.只有她能在一小时内完成这个工作。

巩固练习

词形转换

1. legal adj.法律的；合法的__________ adv.法律上；合法地 __________ adj.不合法的；非法的

2. hunt vt.&vi.打猎；搜寻；追捕→___________n.猎人

3. instant adj.立即的；立刻的→___________ adv.立刻

4. alarm vi.使惊恐；使害怕 n.恐慌；警报；警报器→ ________adj.使人惊恐的_______adj.恐慌的；担忧的

5. rate n.速度；(比)率 vt.划分等级→_____________ n.等级；级别

6. extinct adj.已灭绝的→________________ n.灭绝

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7. aware adj.知道；发觉；有……意识的→______________ n.知道；意识

8. concern vt.涉及；让……担忧→______________ adj.担心的；关心得__________prep.关于；涉及

9. adapt v.使适应；改编→_______________ n.适应；改编本

10.press v.按；压；逼迫 n.按；挤压；印刷；新闻界→____________ n.压力

11. observe vt.观察(到)；注视；遵守→____________ n.观察；观测

12.beauty n.美；美人；美好的东西→___________ adj.美丽的

13.attack n.,vi.& vi.攻击；抨击→______________ n.攻击者；进攻者

14.effect n.效应；影响；结果→____________adj.有效的；生效的

15. recover vi.恢复；康复→_____________ n.恢复；痊愈；改善

16.intend vi.& vt.打算；计划；想要→_______________ n.计划；打算

17.threat n.威胁→_________________vt 威胁；危及

18.exist vi.存在；生存→_____________ n.存在；生存

重点短语

1．究竟；到底__________________ 2．灭亡；逐渐消亡__________________

3．意识到；知道 __________________ 4．平均 __________________

5．对…关切的；为…担忧的__________________ 6. 适应 __________________

7. 看清；听清；分清__________________ 8．使某人想起_________________

9．保护；照管；监督__________________ 10．由于；因为__________________

11. 激起__________________

单句语法填空

1．One day the cat was caught in a trap laid by a ____________(hunt)．

2．A great many species in the world are at the edge of ___________(extinct)．

3．No matter how much ____________(press) you're under, remember that you will never give up halfway.

4．As far as I'm ___________(concern), it's everyone's duty to protect the environment.

5．The movie Ne Zha is an ___________(adapt) of a famous novel.

6．And then huge plants start to spring up and grow at an ____________(alarm) rate.

7．I've got a ___________(reserve) for two nights.

8．It's difficult to make _________what he says.

9．The boy was enjoying the __________(beautiful) of nature.

10．The taxi driver often reminds passengers ____________their belongings when they leave the car.

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11．In order to avoid traffic jams, I strongly suggest some ________ (effect) measures be taken.

12．These children _____________________ (look) after by an old man now.

13．So many things______________ (do) here to prevent air pollution.

14．The woman _____________ (observe) to follow him closely.

15．When it comes __________gift lists, I've never had to think about what I want.

16．Let's not stir __________the football fans or they might start to fight.

17. _________(watch) them more slowly across the green grass, I’m _________(strike) by their beauty.

18.As a grassroots singer, she reads everything _________(concern) music.

19.____________average, Americans have more bathrooms than any other people in the world.

20.Not only _________he read the book, but he made some notes of it.

翻译句子

1.我没有给她打电话。那就是她对我生气的原因。

I didn't phone her, and_______________ she got angry with me.

2.当他回到家里时，才知道出了什么事。

Only when he returned home __________________________.

3.是我老师在我处境困难的时候帮助了我。

________________________ gave me a hand when I was in trouble.

4.当提到当众演讲，没人能与他相比。

____________________________________, no one can match him.

5.似乎多阅读对你来说是个好主意。

_______________ it is a good idea for you to do more reading.

课文语法填空

Tibetan antelopes live on the plains of Tibet, Xinjiang, and Qinghai. 1.__________(watch) them move slowly

across the green grass, I'm struck by their 2.__________(beautiful). At the same time, I'm also reminded

3._________the danger they are in. They 4._________________(hunt), illegally, for their valuable fur.

Zhaxi, a villager from Changtang, works at the Changtang National Nature Reserve.“We're not trying to save the

animals，” he says.“5._________(actual), we're trying to save ourselves.” The 1980s and 1990s were bad times

for the Tibetan antelope, 6._________population dropped by more than 50 percent. Hunters were shooting

antelopes 7._________ (make) profits. Their habitats were becoming 8.__________(small) as new roads and

railways were built.

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 In order to save them, the Chinese government placed them under national protection. The measures were

9.__________(effect). The antelope population 10.____________ (recover) and in June, 2015, the Tibetan antelope

was removed from the endangered species list.

Unit 3

知识清单

1.convenient adj. 方便的；近便的；就近的；便利的

be convenient for 对……是方便的

It is convenient for sb.to do sth. 某人方便做某事

convenience n. 方便；便利；便利设施

for convenience 为了方便起见

at one's convenience 在某人方便的时候

2. stuck adj. 卡住；陷(入)；困(于)

stuck with sb./sth. 摆脱不了；甩不掉

stuck for sth. 不知所措；(为某事)犯愁

stuck on sth. 被难住；答不上来；卡壳

caught/stuck between a rock and a hard place 进退两难；左右为难

3.particular adj. 特定的；特别的；讲究的

be particular about/over sth. 对某事讲究/挑剔

in particular 尤其；特别；格外

particularly adv. 特别；尤其

4.benefit n．益处；利益 vt.使受益 vi.得益于

for the benefit of ＝ for one's benefit 为了……的利益

be of benefit to 有益于；对……有好处

have the benefit of 得益于

benefit sb./sth.使某人或某物受益 benefit from/by ...从……中受益/获益

beneficial adj. 有利的；有益的；受益的

be beneficial to 对……有益；对……有利

5.distance n．距离

distant adj.遥远的

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in the distance 在远处 from a distance 从远处

within walking distance 在步行可到达的地方；几步之遥

at a distance 隔一段距离；在稍远处 at a distance of ... 在……远处

keep sb.at a distance (＝keep one's distance from sb.)与某人保持一段距离；对某人冷淡、疏远

6.inspire vt.鼓舞；激励；启发思考

inspire sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事

be inspired by 受到……的启发；由……得到灵感

inspire sb. with sth.＝inspire sth. in sb.激发某人产生……感觉/情感

inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的 inspired adj. 受到鼓舞的；有灵感的

inspiration n. 灵感；鼓舞

7.access n．通道；(使用、查阅、接近或面见的)机会 vt.进入；使用；获取

have/get access to 拥有……的机会；可以接近/进入

accessible adj. 可接近的；可进入的；可使用的

be accessible to ... 可接近/可靠近/可使用……

8.confirm vt. 确认；使确信；证实；证明；批准

confirm＋sth./that 从句/wh从句 (尤指通过提供更多证据)证实

It has been confirmed that ... 已证实……

confirm sb.in (belief/opinion/view) 使某人确信(信念/意见/观点)

9.discount n．折扣 vt.打折；贴现

give/allow/make a discount (of ...) 打(……)折

with/at a discount (of 10%) 打(九)折

10. account vi.&vt.认为；解释；说明；总共有 n.账户；描述；理由；计算；考虑；账目

account sb. (to be) ... 认为某人(是)……

account to sb. for ... 向某人说明……

account for 解释或说明……的原因；总共有(占)

on account of 由于；因为

on no account 决不(放在句首时句子用部分倒装)

take ...into account 把……考虑或计算在内；考虑……

11.target n.目标；对象；靶子；受批评的对象 vt.把……当作批评对象；把……作为攻击目标

aim at the target 瞄准目标 hit/miss the target 中/脱靶

target sth. on/at ...把某物对准……

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12.embarrassing adj.让人难堪(尴尬；害羞)的

embarrassed adj. 尴尬的；难堪的

be/feel embarrassed about/at ...对……感到难为情/不知所措

be/feel embarrassed to do sth.对做某事感到尴尬

embarrass vt.使尴尬 embarrassment n.窘迫；尴尬

13.upset adj.心烦的；苦恼的；沮丧的；不安的；不适的 vt.使烦恼；使心烦；使生气；搅乱

be upset over/about/at ... 对……感到不安/难过/心烦

be upset that ... 对……感到不安

It upsets sb. that ... 让某人心烦的是……

14.familiar adj. 熟悉；熟知
sb. be familiar with sth. 某人对某物很熟悉
sth.be familiar to sb.＝sth.be known to sb. 某物为某人所熟悉

重点句子
1.At age 50, she found herself out of work and stuck at home with only her computer to keep her company.

50 岁时，她发觉自己失业了，困在家里，只有电脑相伴。

“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”

2.She was so inspired by the people she met online that she decided to start an IT club to teach older people

how to use computers and the Internet.她受到网友的启发，决定成立一个 IT 俱乐部来教年长一些的人们学

习如何使用电脑和互联网。

so ...that ...“如此……以至于……”；在句中引导结果状语从句

3.Now that he works and can take care of himself, his daughter has time to study at university.由于他工作了

并能照顾自己了，他的女儿有时间在大学学习了。

now that“既然”，在意思和用法上同 since，引导原因状语从句，口语中 that 可省略。

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巩固练习

词形变化

1. blog n.博客 vi.写博客→______________ n.博客作者；博主

2.engine n.引擎；发动机；火车头→___________ n.工程师→

3. convenient adj.方便的；近便的→_____________adv:方便地→_______________ n.方便

4. strike v.将……刺入；卡住；粘贴 n.枝条；棍状物→______________adj.卡住；陷(入)；困(于)

5. benefit n.益处 v 使受益→ _____________adj 有利的；有裨益的

6.inspire vt.鼓舞；激励；启发思考→ _____________adj.鼓舞人心的；激励的→_____________adj.受到激

励的；受到鼓舞的→________________n.灵感；鼓舞人心的人(或事物)

7. distance n.距离→ _________________adj.遥远的；冷淡的，疏远的

8. access n.通道；(使用、查阅、接近或面见的)机会 vt.进入；使用；获取→________________ adj.可进入

的；可接近的

9. privacy n.隐私；私密→ ______________adj.私人的；秘密的；私立的

11.theft n.偷(窃)；盗窃罪→_______________ n.小偷；窃贼

12. rude adj.粗鲁的；无礼的→_________ n.粗鲁；无礼→_________adv.粗鲁地；无礼地

13. particular adj.特定的；特别的；讲究的→______________ adv.特别；尤其

14. embarrass v.使尴尬；使窘迫→_______________adj.让人难堪(尴尬；害羞)的→ ______________adj.窘迫

的；难堪的；拮据的→____________ n.窘迫；难堪

15. function n.功能，作用→ ______________adj.功能的

单句语法填空

1．Checking it on the official website is much more ____________(convenience)．

2．We should pay more attention ______our diets, which will affect our health.

3．An elephant __________ (stick) in a pipe and the people who found it were unable to save it.

4．Eating more fruit and vegetables will be _________(benefit) to people's health.

5．A bridge is being built in the __________(distant) and its construction will be finished in a year.

6．___________(inspire) by her new understanding, Emily spent the rest of her year in England taking courses in

communications studies.

7．The magazine makes these ideas attractive and __________(access) to children.

8．I'm sorry to learn that you are upset __________being overweight recently.

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9．In order to attract more customers, many supermarkets usually sell their goods ________a discount at

weekends.

10．Jack could not account ____________his foolish mistake.

11．We should learn to protect our ___________(private)．

12．The company ____________ (target)by animal rights groups for its use of dogs in drugs trials.

13．It is not polite to make a remark on those in an __________________(embarrass) situation.

14．After living in America for many years, he becomes very familiar ____________the custom there.

15．Her kindness is an _____________(inspire) to us all.

16．______________(distant) is no problem on the Internet.

17．One reason is that more and more people than ever before have access ________sports and exercise.

18．I sincerely apologize for my _____________(rude)．

19．I think a lot of people, women ________particular, pay attention to these sensitive issues.

20．Much to his ____________(embarrass), he failed in the exam again.

短语默写

1.解释；说明；(比例)占____________________ 2.掌握…消息；了解…动态____________________

3.用现金____________________ 4.注意____________________

5.失业____________________ 6.陪伴某人____________________

7.被……鼓舞____________________ 8.既然；由于____________________

9.能够,有...的途径____________________ 10 经历；度过；通读____________________

11.牢记____________________ 12．与...熟悉____________________

13.尤其，特别____________________ 14.从...获益____________________

翻译句子

1．既然孩子们已经完成了作业，你可以让他们走了。(now that)

________________________________________, you can let them go.

2．他们如此受欢迎以至于歌迷们为了更加熟悉他们而成立了俱乐部。(so ...that ...)

They were____________________ their fans formed clubs in order to get more familiar with them.

3．我发现自己被困在一个深洞里。(find＋宾语＋宾补)

I ____________________________ a deep hole.

4.让我们早点交练习以便于老师有时间改。(so that)

Let's hand in the exercises earlier ___________________________________________________.

5．你学习越努力，你取得的进步就越大。(the＋比较级．.., the＋比较级．..)

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 ______________ you study,_________________ progress you'll make.

课文改编语法填空
Jan Tchamani, an English teacher in Birmingham, UK, suddenly developed a serious illness. She found herself

out of work and 1.__________(stick) at home. After a while, she discovered that 2.__________(surf) the Internet

could help her feel less lonely and bored. She could do everything online. She also joined 3.__________online

group where she could talk about her problems and get support and advice 4._________others. She realized that

one of the greatest 5._________(benefit) of the Internet was its ability to remove the distance 6.________usually

exists between people. 7.__________(inspire) by the people online, she started an IT club and taught some older

people how to use Internet.She and her friends organise events and collect money 8.____________(pay) for private

teachers. Jan has started taking online classes to learn more about how to use the Internet to make society

9.___________(good). Jan's life has been 10.____________(great) improved by the Internet!

Unit 4

知识清单

1.puzzle n．谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt.迷惑；使困惑

in a puzzle 感到困惑

puzzling adj. 令人迷惑的 puzzled adj.感到困惑的

be in a puzzle about＝be puzzled with 对……迷惑不解

2.belong vi.应在(某处)；适应

belong to 属于；是……的一员

belongings n. (pl.)所有物；财产

3.defence n．防御；保卫

in defence (of)为了保卫(……)；为了保护

defend vt. 防御；保卫；保护；辩护

defend oneself 自卫；为……辩护

defend sb. from/against 保护某人免受……

4.surround vt.围绕；包围

surround ...with/by ...=以……包围……

be surrounded by/with ... 被……包围

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surrounding adj. 周围的 surroundings n. 环境；周围的事物

5.evidence n．证据；证明；根据

There is some/no evidence that ...有/没有证据证明……

in evidence 显然；显而易见

evident adj. 明显的；明白的 evidently adv. 显然；明显地；清楚地

It's evident that ... 很明显……

6.achievement n．成就；成绩；达到

a sense of achievement 成就感

achieve vt. 完成；达到 vi.成功

achieve one's success 取得成功

achieve one's goal 达到目标

7.charge n．收费；指控；主管；责任 vt.收费；控告；充电

charge (sb.) for sth.为……(向某人)收费/要价

charge sb. with (doing) sth. 指控/指责某人(做)某事

in charge (of ...) 主管/看管/负责(……)

take charge of ... 负责/主管……

in/under the charge of sb.＝in one's charge 由……负责/掌管

free of charge 免费

8.announce vt.宣布；通知；声称

announce sth.(to sb.)(向某人)宣布、通知某事

announce that ... 宣布……；通知……

It is/was announced that ... 据宣布……；据通知……

announcement n. 通知；通告 make an announcement 宣布；下通知

announcer n. 广播员；播音员

9.amount n．金额；数量

a large amount of＋不可数名词 作主语时，谓语动词用单数，意为“大量的……”

large amounts of ＋不可数名词 作主语时，谓语动词用复数，意为“大量的……”

the amount of ... ……的总数量

amount to 达到(某数量)；合计；相当于

10.approach n．方法；途径；接近 vt.接近；接洽；着手处理 vi.靠近

an approach to (doing) sth. (做)某事的方法/途径

18
at the approach of 在快到……的时候

make approaches to sb. 接近某人；与某人打交道

approachable adj. 可接近的；友好的

11.eager adj. 热切的；渴望的

be eager for ... 急于得到……

be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事

be eager for sb. to do sth. 渴望某人做某事

be eager that ... 热切希望……(从句的谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should 可以省略)

12.fascinating adj. 极有吸引力的；迷人的

a fascinating place 迷人的地方

be fascinating to sb 令某人着迷

It’s fascinating to do sth ......有趣极了

fascinate v.使着迷

13.generous adj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的

be generous to sb 对某人很慷慨

be generous with sth 在某方面很大方

It is generous of sb to do sth.某人做某事真是慷慨

generously adv.慷慨大方地 generosity n. 慷慨；大方

14.greet vt.问候；迎接

greet sb 迎接某人

greeting n.问候；打招呼

15.crowd n. 人群；一群人；民众 vt.挤满；使......拥挤

a crowd of/crowds of people 一群、成群的人

crowded in one’s mind 涌入某人的心头

crowded 拥挤的，挤满的 be crowded with 挤满......

重点句子

1.So what is the difference between them, if any?那么如果有区别的话，那区别是什么呢？

If any 是 if 引导的条件状语从句的省略形式

if necessary 如果有必要的话

19
if possible 如果有可能的话

if not 如果不的话

if so 如果是这样的话

if ever 如果有过/发生过的话

2.Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people

who took over at different times throughout history.你无论走到英国的哪个地方，你都会被曾在历史上占领

英国的四个国家的痕迹所环绕。

everywhere 连词，意为“无论哪里”，引导地点状语从句

3.If you keep your eyes open, you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present.

如果你留心，你会很吃惊地发现你既能看到它的过去又能看到它的未来。

4.The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with

its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山

连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。

with＋宾语＋

巩固练习

词性转换

1. individual adj.单独的；个别的；个体的__________ adv.单独地；个别地

2.puzzle vt.迷惑；使困惑 n.谜；智力游戏；疑问→_________adj.困惑的；迷惑不解的→________adj.令人迷

惑不解的

3.belong vi.应在(某处)；适应→_____________ n.所有物；财物

4. defence n.防御；保卫→ _______________vt.保卫；辩护

5. surround vt.围绕；包围→______________ adj.周围的；附近的→____________n.环境

6.evidence n.证据；证明→ _____________ adj.清楚的；显而易见的

7.achieve vt.达到；完成→______________n.成就；成绩；达到

8.fascinate v.深深吸引；迷住→_________adj.极有吸引力的；迷人的→________adj.入迷的；极感兴趣的

9. announce vt.宣布；通知；声称→_______________ n.宣布；通告

10. legal adj. 合法的→________adj.非法的

11. generous adj.慷慨的；大方的→___________ adv.慷慨地；大方地_____________n.慷慨

20
12.eager adj.热切的；渴望的→____________ adv.渴望地；热切地→_________n.渴望

13.poet n.诗人→ _____________n.诗→_________________ n（u）.诗歌；诗集

14.greet vt.问候；迎接→_______________ n.问候；致意

15. ____________ n.人群；一群人；民众 vt.挤满；使……拥挤→_____________adj.拥挤的

短语默写

1.为……所熟悉____________________ 2.把…连接或联结起来___________________

3.脱离；背叛；逃脱____________________ 4.属于________________________________

5.致命的弱点_________________________ 6.被称作_____________________________

7.占据_____________________________ 8.追溯到_____________________________

9.对……有(巨大)影响________________________10.不仅仅_____________________________

11.被……包围 __________________________ 12.同(一样也)；和；还___________________

13.留心；留意________________________ 14.控告某人(做)某事______________________

15.掌管/负责……______________________ 16.大量，许多___________________________

17.渴望做某事____________________

单句语法填空

1．She can't reply to fans' letters ____________(individual); she is too busy.

2．The _________expression on his face showed that the question was __________. (puzzle)

3．Looking back, Diana owes her _________(achieve) to the goal she set, and above all, the efforts she made.

4．Immigrants who entered the United States through the port of New York were __________(legal) and medically

inspected there.

5．Our milk powder is especially suitable for children under 6, as it helps a lot to build the body's natural

________(defend)．

6．Professor Li stood there, __________(surround) by many students.

7．There's a ___________(fascinate) drive marked out for tourists.

8．What _________(evident) was there that Old Tom was helping the whalers out?

9．The manager was satisfied to see many new products ___________(develop) after great effort.

10．With the couple ________(work) in a nearby town, the house seems pretty empty most of the time.

11．When my own son was five years old, I became eager ____________another baby.

12．When I learned that he was ill, I sent him a ____________(greet) card.

13．When it comes to technology, the mobile phone is a ____________(strike) example.

14.These boys ________________(belong) to our football team are training hard on the playground now.

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15.This training program can give you a lift at work, as well as ________________(increase) your income by 40%.

16.Although they haven’t been to school before, they’re so eager _______________(learn) everything.

17.The waiting room______________(crowd) with passengers was decorated last year.

18.The weatherhas a great influence ____________the crops.

19.The computer has not been joined ______the Internet.

20.She can play tennis ______well as basketball.

翻译句子

1．他们出现在哪里，哪里就是一片欢呼。(everywhere)

________________________,_there were cheers.

2．读书让你的思维活跃和敏锐。(keep＋宾语＋宾补)

Reading_____________________and_sharp.

3．如果有的话，请改正我的错误。(省略句)

Please correct my mistakes ____________.

4.他在竞赛中获得第一名不足为奇，毕竟，他做了充分的准备。(It is＋adj.＋that ...)

_______________________ he has won the first prize in the competition. After all, he has got wellprepared for it.

课文改编语法填空
In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England. Later, in the 18th

century, the country Scotland was joined 1._____________(create) the Kingdom of Great Britain. Finally, in the

20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK, 2.__________resulted in the full name. They

use the same flag, 3._________(know) as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military

4._________(defend). However, they also have some differences.

The United Kingdom has a long and interesting history to explore. Some of the Romans' great 5.__________

(achieve) including 6.__________(build) towns and roads. The Normans conquered England after the wellknown

Battle of Hastings in the 11th century. They had castles built all around England, and made changes 7.________the

legal system.The Normans were French, so many French words 8._______(slow) entered into the English

language.

Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more 9.____________(enjoy). If you keep your

eyes open, you will be 10._____________(surprise) to find that you can see both its past and its present.

Unit 5

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知识清单

1.perform vi.&vt.表演；履行；执行

perform a(n) ... role in 在……中起……作用

perform an operation 做手术 perform one's duty/promise 尽责任/履行承诺

Performance n.表演；演技；表现 performer n.执行者；表演者；演员

put on performances/a performance 表演；演出

2.award n．奖；奖品 vt.授予；判定

the first award/prize/place 一等奖；第一名

win/get/receive an award for ... 因……而获奖

award sb.sth.＝ award sth.to sb. 授予某人某物

3.altogether

(1)adv.(用以强调)全部；总共(表示总数或总额，多修饰数词)

(2)adv.完全地；全部地(相当于 completely)

(3)总而言之(常作插入语)

4.relief n．(焦虑、痛苦的)减轻或消除；减轻痛苦的事物；(不快过后的)宽慰、轻松或解脱

in relief 如释重负 with relief 宽慰地

to one's relief 令某人感到欣慰的是

relieve one's pain/pressure 减轻某人的痛苦/压力

It is a relief to do sth. 做某事是一种解脱

relieve vt. 救出；解脱；使脱离 relieve sb. of ... 解除某人的……

5.cure n．[C]药物；治疗；痊愈；(解决问题、改善糟糕情况的)措施；疗法 vt.治愈；治好(疾病)；解决(问

题)；改掉(坏习惯)

a cure for ...……(疾病)的治疗方法；……(问题)的解决方法

cure sb. of ... 治愈某人的病；改掉某人的坏习惯

6.absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心

absorb ...from ... 从……中吸收……

absorb ... into ... 把……吸收入……

absorb oneself in＝be absorbed in 被……吸引住；专心致志

absorb/attract/draw one's attention 吸引某人的注意力
7.aim n．目的；目标 vt.&vi.力求达到；力争做到；瞄准 vt. 目的是；旨在

achieve one's aim 达到某人的目的；实现某人的目标

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without aim 漫无目的地=aimlessly

with the aim of 以……为目标；意在/旨在……

aim at 针对；瞄准；目的在于 aim for sth. 力争得到……

aim sth. at sb./sth. 使某物朝向/瞄准某人或某物

aim to do sth. =aim at doing sth 意欲/企图/旨在做某事

aimless adj. 漫无目的的 aimlessly adv.漫无目的地

be aimed at sb. 针对某人；对象是某人(主语一般是物)

8.previous adj.先前的，以往的

previous to....在......以前

previously adv.先前，以往

9.impact n. 巨大影响；强大作用；冲击力

have an impact on ...对......有影响

influence n.& v.影响

10.equipment n. [U]设备；装备

equip v．配备；装备

equip ... with ... 用……装备…… be equipped with 配备着……

equip ... for ...为了……而装备……

equip sb. to do sth.让某人具备做某事的能力

be well/badly equipped 装备精良的/较差的

11.talent n．天才；天资；天赋；特殊能力；才干

have a talent for 在……方面有天赋

talented adj. 有才能的；聪颖的

12.assume vt.以为；假设；设想

assume sb./sth. to be 假定/假设某人/某物是

assume/assuming (that) ... 假设/假定……

It is assumed that ... 一般认为……

assumption n. 假定；假设 make an assumption 作出假设；假定

13.satisfaction n．[U]满意；满足；欣慰[C]令人满意的事物

to sb.'s satisfaction＝to the satisfaction of sb.令某人满意的是

with satisfaction 满意地

satisfy v. 满足；使满意

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satisfied adj. 满意的(修饰人) be/feel satisfied with ...对……感到满意

satisfactory adj. 令人满意的 satisfying adj.令人满意的(修饰物)

14.various adj.各种不同的；各种各样的

vary vt.& vi.改变；存在不同之处

vary between ... and ... 在……和……之间变化

vary from ... to ... 从……到……不等；在……到……之间变化

vary with 随着……而变化

variety n. 变化；多样性；种类

a variety of＝varieties of 各种各样的；不同种类的

15.somehow adv. 以某种方式(或方法)；不知怎么地

anyhow＝anyway adv. 不管怎样；无论如何；即使如此

somewhat adv. 稍微；有些

16.prove v.证明；展现

prove...to sb. 向某人证明……

prove (oneself) to be... 证明(某人自己)是……

prove＋that 从句 证明……

It is proved that... 据证明……

proof n.证据

17.addition n. 添加；加法；增加物

in addition 另外；此外(还有) in addition to 除……以外还

add v.增加，添加

重点句子
As one virtual choir member said, “Music helps me to ...forget my problems. With music, I become someone

else.”正如一位虚拟合唱团成员所说：“音乐帮助我……忘记我的问题。有了音乐，我变成了另一个人。”

As one virtual choir member said 为非限制性定语从句，as 意为“正如”，其后的谓语动词多是 see, know,

expect, say, report 等。

关系代词 as 引导非限制性定语从句，从句可放在主句前、主句中或主句后，常用逗号与主句隔开。

巩固练习

词性转换

1.energy n.能源；能量；精力→_____________adj.精力充沛的；积极的

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2. perform v..表演；履行；执行→__________ n.表演者；演员→_________ n.表演

3.prove vt.证明；展现→_______________ n.证据

4. compose v.作曲→___________ n.作曲者；作曲家→___________n.构成，(音乐、艺术、诗歌的)作品

5. conduct v.指挥；组织；安排→_______________n.(乐队、合唱团等的)指挥；(公共汽车的)售票员

6.origin n.起源；起因→_____________adj.原来的；独创的；原作的 n.原件；原作

7. gradual adj.逐渐的；渐进的→_______________ adv.逐渐地

8. capable adj.有能力的；有才能的→______________ n.能力；才能

9. release vt.减轻，缓解→___________n.(焦虑、痛苦的)减轻或消除；(不快过后的)宽慰、轻松或解脱→___

_________adj.感到宽慰的；放心的

10. employ v.雇用→_________n.雇用_________n.雇员→__________v.雇主→__________adj.失业的；待业的

11.cure v.治愈；治好 n 药物；疗法_______________adj.可医治的；可治愈的

12.aim n.目标；目的 v.目的是；旨在；瞄准→___________ adj.无目标的；没有方向的

13. equip vt.装备；配备→_____________n.设备；装备

14. talented n.天才；天资；天赋→ _______________adj.有才能的；天才的

15. piano n.钢琴→_______________ n.钢琴家

16.assume vt.以为；假设→_______________ n.假定；假设

17. add v.添加；加→_____________n.添加；加法；增加物

18. treat v.治疗；对待；处理→_____________ n.治疗；对待；处理

19. satisfy vt.使满意；使满足→___________ n.满意；满足；欣慰→__________adj.满意的；满足的→_____

______adj.令人满意的；令人满足的

20. vary v.变化；各不相同_____________adj.各种各样的；各种不同的→_______________ n.多样化；品种

21.repeat v.重复；重做→_____________ n.重复；重做

22.react v.起反应；回应→______________n.反应；回应

短语默写

1.提醒……____________________ 2.提出____________________

3.增加…到…____________________ 4.对...有影响____________________

5.爱上____________________ 6.毕业____________________

7.获得硕士学位____________________ 8.被…吸引住；专心____________________

9.安装好(设备或机器)____________________10.参加……选拔(或试演)____________________

11.除……以外(还)____________________ 12.浏览____________________

13.从(那)时起____________________ 14.结果是____________________

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15.还清；取得成功____________________ 16.连同...；和...在一起____________________

单句语法填空

1．The most __________(energy) and important festivals in China are Spring Festivals that look forward to the

end of winter and to the coming of spring.

2．This tradition was ___________(orginal) held on May Day, but it's now held in April.

3．As is known to us all, he is a __________(talent) pianist.

4．Frost _______________ (award) the Pulitzer Prize for his poetry four times in his life.

5.____________(found) in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art.

6.Just now I saw him sitting under the tree, _______________(absorb) in his video games.

7.____________(disappoint) at failing in the math exam, John wouldn't like to talk about it to his parents.

8．This method of ____________(treat) was not successful with the patient.

9．Having rid the heavy debts of the company, the manager smiled with ______________(satisfy)．

10．From this point forward, many developers helped to make ______________(vary) types of computer.

11．I didn't want a ____________(repeat) of the scene in my office that morning.

12．She visited the school with the aim ___________ seeing the library.

13．The theory is based on a series of wrong ________(assume), which made us disappointed.

14．This produced a chain ____________(react), which made it possible for life to develop.

15．Different environments have different impacts ___________our productivity.

16．__________(gradual), they are tired of life in the noisy city.

17．He was born in a poor family in 1889. His parents were both poor music hall __________(perform)．

18．He developed a talent _________literature and music when he was a little boy.

19．We have a lot of modern _____________(equip), making it convenient for students to learn every subject.

20.__________addition, they also donated some money to the boy.

翻译句子

1.众所周知，英式英语和美式英语有所不同。(as 引导的定语从句)

_______________,_British English is a little different from American English.

2.表演一出戏剧或一首歌来感谢帮助过你的人。(who 引导的定语从句)

Perform a play or song to show your thanks to people _______________.

3.有些人可能认为我们太懒了，找不到工作。(assume that)

Some people might ___________________.

4.我宁愿看他写的书而不愿看根据他的小说改编的电视连续剧。(prefer ...to ...)

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I would prefer_____________ written by him to_______________ TV series based on his novels.

5.很荣幸能在这里与大家分享我对未来房屋的看法。(It's an honor to do ...)

______________________________share_with you my opinion on houses in the future.

课文改编语法填空
Nowadays the virtual choir is popular with people. They have the opportunity 1._______ (sing) together with

hundreds of other people. Anyone can take part in a virtual choir from anywhere — all you need is a video camera

and 2._______Internet connection. They record themselves when 3._______(perform) alone on video. These videos

4.____________(upload) onto the Internet, and then put together into one video. The virtual choir has proved to be

a positive influence on the lives of many people. Eric Whitacre, the creator of the virtual choir, fell in love

5.__________music in the university. In 1997, he received a master's degree in musical composition. Over the next

10 years, Whitacre's original compositions began to become popular. This led to the 6._________(create) of the

virtual choir. In 2009，Whitacre received a video of a girl 7.________was singing one of his works.

8.__________(inspire), he founded his first virtual choir. Since then, the virtual choir 9.__________ (become) a

worldwide phenomenon. The virtual choir is making the world a 10.__________(good) place.

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倒卖拉黑不更新，淘宝唯一免费更新店铺：知二教育

倒卖拉黑不更新，淘宝唯一免费更新店铺：知二教育
倒卖拉黑不更新，淘宝唯一免费更新店铺：知二教育

倒卖拉黑不更新，淘宝唯一免费更新店铺：知二教育
倒卖拉黑不更新，淘宝唯一免费更新店铺：知二教育

倒卖拉黑不更新，淘宝唯一免费更新店铺：知二教育
倒卖拉黑不更新，淘宝唯一免费更新店铺：知二教育

倒卖拉黑不更新，淘宝唯一免费更新店铺：知二教育