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 The Project Gutenberg eBook of
History of the war in the Peninsula
and in the south of France from the
year 1807 to the year 1814, vol. 4
 This ebook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United
States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with
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laws of the country where you are located before using this
eBook.

Title: History of the war in the Peninsula and in the south of

France from the year 1807 to the year 1814, vol. 4

Author: William Francis Patrick Napier

Release date: July 16, 2022 [eBook #68536]

Language: English

Original publication: United Kingdom: Thomas & William Boone,

1834

Credits: Brian Coe, John Campbell and the Online Distributed

Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file
was produced from images generously made available
by The Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries)

*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HISTORY OF

THE WAR IN THE PENINSULA AND IN THE SOUTH OF FRANCE
FROM THE YEAR 1807 TO THE YEAR 1814, VOL. 4 ***
TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE
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placed at the end of the letter or table in which they occur. The anchors are denoted by
[number].

Unlike the prior three volumes, this book had a date (Year. Month) as a margin header on
most pages. This information about the chronology of the narrative has been preserved
as a Sidenote to the relevant paragraph on that page whenever the header date changed.
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Volume 1 of this series can be found at
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https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/68187
 HISTORY

OF THE

WAR IN THE PENINSULA

AND IN THE

SOUTH OF FRANCE,

FROM THE YEAR 1807 TO THE YEAR 1814.

BY

W. F. P. NAPIER, C.B.
COLONEL H. P. FORTY-THIRD REGIMENT, MEMBER OF THE ROYAL SWEDISH
ACADEMY OF MILITARY SCIENCES.

VOL. IV.
 LONDON:
THOMAS & WILLIAM BOONE, NEW BOND-STREET.

M DCCCXXXI V.
 LONDON:
MARCHANT, PRINTER, INGRAM-COURT, FENCHURCH-STREET.
 TA B L E O F C O N T E N T S .

BOOK XIII.

C H A P. I .
Lord Wellington’s sieges vindicated—Operations in Spain—State of
Gallicia—Change of commanders—Bonet’s operations in the Asturias—
Activity of the Partidas—Their system of operations—Mina captures a
large convoy at Arlaban—Bessieres contracts his position—Bonet
abandons the Asturias—Santocildes advances into Leon—French
dismantle Astorga—Skirmish on the Orvigo—General inefficiency of the
Gallicians and Asturians—Operations in the eastern provinces—State of
Aragon—State of Catalonia—State of Valencia—Suchet marches against
Tortoza—Fails to burn the boat-bridge there—M‘Donald remains at
Gerona—The Valencians and Catalonians combine operations against
Suchet—O’Donnel enters Tortoza—Makes a sally and is repulsed—The
Valencians defeated near Uldecona—Operations of the seventh corps—
M‘Donald reforms the discipline of the troops—Marches with a convoy to
Barcelona—Returns to Gerona and dismantles the outworks of that place
—O’Donnel’s plans—M‘Donald marches with a second convoy—Reaches
Barcelona and returns to Gerona—Marches with a third convoy—Forces
the pass of Ordal—Enters Reus and opens the communications with
Suchet 1

C H A P. I I .
19
O’Donnel withdraws his troops from Falcet and surrounds the seventh
corps—M‘Donald retires to Lerida—Arranges a new plan with Suchet—
Ravages the plains of Urgel and the higher valleys—The people become
desperate—O’Donnel cuts the French communication with the Ampurdan
—Makes a forced march towards Gerona—Surprises Swartz at Abispal—
Takes Filieu and Palamos—Is wounded and returns to Taragona—Campo
Verde marches to the Cerdaña—M‘Donald enters Solsona—Campo Verde
returns—Combat of Cardona—The French retreat to Guisona, and the
seventh corps returns to Gerona—M‘Donald marches with a fourth convoy
to Barcelona—Makes new roads—Advances to Reus—The Spaniards
harass his flanks—He forages the Garriga district and joins the third corps
—Operations of Suchet— General Laval dies—Operations of the Partidas
—Plan of the secret junta to starve Aragon—General Chlopiski defeats
Villa Campa—Suchet’s difficulties—He assembles the notables of Aragon
and reorganizes that province—He defeats and takes general Navarro at
Falcet—Bassecour’s operations—He is defeated at Uldecona

C H A P. I I I .
Tortoza—Its governor feeble—The Spaniards outside disputing and
negligent—Captain Fane lands at Palamos—Is taken—O’Donnel resigns
and is succeeded by Campo Verde—Description of Tortoza—It is invested
—A division of the seventh corps placed under Suchet’s command—Siege
of Tortoza—The place negotiates—Suchet’s daring conduct—The
governor surrenders—Suchet’s activity—Habert takes the fort of Balaguer
—M‘Donald moves to Reus—Sarsfield defeats and kills Ugenio—
M‘Donald marches to Lerida—Suchet goes to Zaragoza—The confidence
of the Catalans revives—The manner in which the belligerents obtained
provisions explained—The Catalans attack Perillo, and Campo Verde
endeavours to surprise Monjuic, but is defeated with great loss—Napoleon
changes the organisation of the third and seventh Corps—The former
becomes the army of Aragon—The latter the army of Catalonia 36

C H A P. I V.
Suchet prepares to besiege Taragona—The power of the Partidas
described—Their actions—They are dispersed on the frontier of Aragon—
The Valencians fortify Saguntum—Are defeated a second time at
Uldecona—Suchet comes to Lerida—M‘Donald passes with an escort
from them to Barcelona—His troops burn Manresa—Sarsfield harasses
his march—Napoleon divides the invasion of Catalonia into two parts—
Sinking state of the province—Rovira surprises Fort Fernando de Figueres
—Operations which follow that event 52

C H A P. V.
70
Suchet’s skilful conduct—His error about English finance—Outline of his
arrangements for the siege of Taragona—He makes French contracts for
the supply of his army—Forages the high valleys and the frontiers of
Castile and Valencia—Marches to Taragona—Description of that place—
Campo Verde enters the place—Suchet invests it—Convention relative to
the sick concluded between St. Cyr and Reding faithfully observed—
Sarsfield comes to Momblanch—Skirmish with the Valencians at Amposta
and Rapita—Siege of Taragona—Rapita and Momblanch abandoned by
Suchet—Taragona reinforced from Valencia—The Olivo stormed—Campo
Verde quits Taragona, and Senens de Contreras assumes the chief
command—Sarsfield enters the place and takes charge of the Port or
lower town—French break ground before the lower town—The Francoli
stormed—Campo Verde’s plans to succour the place—General Abbé is
called to the siege—Sarsfield quits the place—The lower town is stormed
—The upper town attacked—Suchet’s difficulties increase—Campo Verde
comes to the succour of the place, but retires without effecting any thing—
Colonel Skerrett arrives in the harbour with a British force—Does not land
—Gallant conduct of the Italian soldier Bianchini—The upper town is
stormed with dreadful slaughter

C H A P. V I .
Suchet marches against Campo Verde—Seizes Villa Nueva de Sitjes
and makes fifteen hundred prisoners—Campo Verde retires to Igualada—
Suchet goes to Barcelona—A council of war held at Cervera by Campo
Verde—It is resolved to abandon the province as a lost country—
Confusion ensues—Lacy arrives and assumes the command—Eroles
throws himself into Montserrat—Suchet sends detachments to the valley
of Congosta and that of Vich, and opens the communication with
M‘Donald at Figueras—Returns to Reus—Created a marshal—Destroys
the works of the lower town of Taragona—Takes Montserrat—Negotiates
with Cuesta for an exchange of the French prisoners in the island of
Cabrera—Stopped by the interference of Mr. Wellesley—Mischief
occasioned by the privateers—Lacy reorganizes the province—Suchet
returns to Zaragoza, and chases the Partidas from the frontier of Aragon—
Habert defeats the Valencians at Amposta—The Somatenes harass the
French forts near Montserrat—Figueras surrenders to M‘Donald—
Napoleon’s clemency—Observations—Operations in Valencia and Murcia 100

BOOK XIV.
 C H A P. I .
State of political affairs—Situation of king Joseph—His disputes with
Napoleon—He resigns his crown and quits Spain—The emperor grants
him new terms and obliges him to return—Political state of France as
regards the war 120

C H A P. I I .
Political state of England with reference to the war—Retrospective view
of affairs—Enormous subsidies granted to Spain—The arrogance and
rapacity of the juntas encouraged by Mr. Canning—His strange
proceedings—Mr. Stuart’s abilities and true judgment of affairs shewn—He
proceeds to Vienna—State of politics in Germany—He is recalled—The
misfortunes of the Spaniards principally owing to Mr. Canning’s incapacity
—The evil genius of the Peninsula—His conduct at Lisbon—Lord
Wellesley’s policy totally different from Mr. Canning’s—Parties in the
cabinet—Lord Wellesley and Mr. Perceval—Character of the latter—His
narrow policy—Letters describing the imbecility of the cabinet in 1810 and
1811 131

C H A P. I I I .
Political state of Spain—Disputes amongst the leaders—Sir J. Moore’s
early and just perception of the state of affairs confirmed by lord
Wellington’s experience—Points of interest affecting England—The
reinforcement of the military force—The claims of the princess Carlotta—
The prevention of a war with Portugal—The question of the colonies—
Cisnero’s conduct at Buenos Ayres—Duke of Infantada demanded by
Mexico—Proceedings of the English ministers—Governor of Curaçoa—
Lord Wellesley proposes a mediation—Mr. Bardaxi’s strange assertion—
Lord Wellington’s judgment on the question—His discernment, sagacity,
and wisdom shewn 146

C H A P. I V.
161
Political state of Portugal—Mr. Villiers’ mission expensive and inefficient
—Mr. Stuart succeeds him—Finds every thing in confusion—His efforts to
restore order successful at first—Cortes proposed by lord Wellesley—
Opposed by the regency, by Mr. Stuart, and by lord Wellington—
Observations thereon—Changes in the regency—Its partial and weak
conduct—Lord Strangford’s proceedings at Rio Janeiro only productive of
mischief—Mr. Stuart’s efforts opposed, and successfully by the Souza
faction—Lord Wellington thinks of abandoning the contest—Writes to the
prince regent of Portugal—The regency continues to embarrass the
English general—Effect of their conduct upon the army—Miserable state
of the country—The British cabinet grants a fresh subsidy to Portugal—
Lord Wellington complains that he is supplied with only one-sixth of the
money necessary to carry on the contest—Minor follies of the regency—
The cause of Massena’s harshness to the people of Portugal explained—
Case of Mascarheñas—His execution a foul murder—Lord Wellington
reduced to the greatest difficulties—He and Mr. Stuart devise a plan to
supply the army by trading in grain—Lord Wellington’s embarrassments
increase—Reasons why he does not abandon Portugal—His plan of
campaign

C H A P. V.
Second English siege of Badajos—Means of the allies very scanty—
Place invested—San Christoval assaulted—The allies repulsed—Second
assault fails likewise—The siege turned into a blockade—Observations 182

C H A P. V I .
General Spencer’s operations in Beira—Pack blows up Almeida—
Marmont marches by the passes to the Tagus, and Spencer marches to
the Alemtejo—Soult and Marmont advance to succour Badajos—The
siege is raised, and the allies pass the Guadiana—Lord Wellington’s
position on the Caya described—Skirmish of cavalry in which the British
are defeated—Critical period of the war—French marshals censured for
not giving battle—Lord Wellington’s firmness—Inactivity of the Spaniards
—Blake moves to the Condado de Niebla—He attacks the castle of Niebla
—The French armies retire from Badajos, and Soult marches to Andalusia
—Succours the castle of Niebla—Blake flies to Ayamonte—Sails for
Cadiz, leaving Ballesteros in the Condado—French move against him—
He embarks his infantry and sends his cavalry through Portugal to
Estremadura—Blake lands at Almeria and joins the Murcian army—Goes
to Valencia, and during his absence Soult attacks his army—Rout of Baza
—Soult returns to Andalusia—His actions eulogised 195

C H A P. V I I .
215
State of the war in Spain—Marmont ordered to take a central position in
the valley of the Tagus—Constructs forts at Almaraz—French affairs
assume a favourable aspect—Lord Wellington’s difficulties augment—
Remonstrances sent to the Brazils—System of intelligence described—
Lord Wellington secretly prepares to besiege Ciudad Rodrigo—Marches
into Beira, leaving Hill in the Alemtejo—French cavalry take a convoy of
wine, get drunk and lose it again—General Dorsenne invades Gallicia—Is
stopped by the arrival of the allies on the Agueda—Blockade of Ciudad
Rodrigo.—Carlos España commences the formation of a new Spanish
army—Preparations for the siege—Hill sends a brigade to Castello Branco

C H A P. V I I I .
The garrison of Ciudad Rodrigo make some successful excursions—
Morillo operates against the French in Estremadura, is defeated and
driven to Albuquerque—Civil affairs of Portugal—Bad conduct of the
regency—They imagine the war to be decided, and endeavour to drive
lord Wellington away from Portugal—Indications that Napoleon would
assume the command in the Peninsula observed by lord Wellington—He
expects a combined attack on Lisbon by sea and land—Marmont and
Dorsenne collect convoys and unite at Tamames—Advance to succour
Ciudad Rodrigo—Combat of Elbodon—Allies retire to Guinaldo—To Aldea
Ponte—Combat of Aldea Ponte—The allies retire to Soita—The French
retire—Observations 229

BOOK XV.

C H A P. I .
254
State of the war in Spain—Northern provinces—State of Gallicia—
Attempt to introduce English officers into the Spanish service—Trafficked
for by the Spanish government—Repelled by the Spanish military—The
English government encourage the Partidas—Lord Wellington sends the
chiefs presents—His after opinion of them—Sir H. Douglas succeeds
general Walker—Miserable state of Gallicia described—Disputes between
the civil and military—Anomalous proceedings of the English government
—Gross abuses in the Spanish army—Expedition against America fitted
out in Gallicia with the English supplies intended for the defence of the
province—Sir H. Douglas’s policy towards the Partidas criticized—Events
in the Asturias—Santander surprised by Porlier—Reille and Caffarelli
scour Biscay and the Rioja—Bonet invades the Asturias—Defeats
Moscoso, Paul Lodosa, and Mendizabel, and occupies Oviedo—In Gallicia
the people prefer the French to their own armies—In Estremadura, Drouet
joins Girard and menaces Hill—These movements parts of a great plan to
be conducted by Napoleon in person

C H A P. I I .
Conquest of Valencia—Suchet’s preparations described—Napoleon’s
system eminently methodical—State of Valencia—Suchet invades that
province—Blake concentrates his force to fight—His advanced guard put
to flight by the French cavalry—He retires to the city of Valencia—Siege of
Saguntum—The French repulsed in an assault—Palombini defeats
Obispo near Segorbe—Harispe defeats C. O’Donnel at Beneguazil—
Oropesa taken—The French batteries open against Saguntum—Second
assault repulsed—Suchet’s embarrassments—Operations in his rear in
Catalonia—Medas islands taken—Lacy proposes to form a general depôt
at Palamos—Discouraged by sir E. Pellew—The Spaniards blow up the
works of Berga, and fix their chief depôt at Busa—Description of that place
—Lacy surprises the French in the town of Igualada—Eroles takes a
convoy near Jorbas—The French quit the castle of Igualada and join the
garrison of Montserrat—That place abandoned—Eroles takes Cervera and
Belpuig—Beats the French national guards in Cerdaña—Invades and
ravages the French frontier—Returns by Ripol and takes post in the pass
of Garriga—Milans occupies Mataro—Sarsfield embarks and sails to the
coast of the Ampurdan—These measures prevent the march of the French
convoy to Barcelona—State of Aragon—The Empecinado and Duran
invade it on one side—Mina invades it on the other—Calatayud taken—
Severoli’s division reinforces Musnier, and the Partidas are pursued to
Daroca and Molino—Mina enters the Cinco Villas—Defeats eleven
hundred Italians at Ayerbe—Carries his prisoners to Motrico in Biscay—
Mazzuchelli defeats the Empecinado at Cubiliejos—Blake calls in all his
troops and prepares for a battle—Suchet’s position described—Blake’s
dispositions—Battle of Saguntum—Observations 266

C H A P. I I I .
291
Suchet resolves to invest the city of Valencia—Blake reverts to his
former system of acting on the French rear—Napoleon orders General
Reille to reinforce Suchet with two divisions—Lacy disarms the Catalan
Somatenes—Their ardour diminishes—The French destroy several bands,
blockade the Medas islands, and occupy Mataro—Several towns affected
to the French interest—Bad conduct of the privateers—Lacy encourages
assassination—Suchet advances to the Guadalaviar—Spanish defences
described—The French force the passage of the river—Battle of Valencia
—Mahi flies to Alcira—Suchet invests the Spanish camp—Blake attempts
to break out, is repulsed—The camp abandoned—The city is bombarded
—Commotion within the walls—Blake surrenders with his whole army—
Suchet created duke of Albufera—Shameful conduct of the junta of the
province—Montbrun arrives with three divisions—Summons Alicant, and
returns to Toledo—Villa Campa marches from Carthagena to Albaracin—
Gandia and Denia taken by the French—They besiege Peniscola—Lacy
menaces Taragona—Defeats a French battalion at Villa Seca—Battle of
Altafulla—Siege of Peniscola—The French army in Valencia weakened by
draughts—Suchet’s conquests cease—Observations

C H A P. I V.
Operations in Andalusia and Estremadura—Description of Soult’s
Position—Events in Estremadura—Ballesteros arrives at Algesiras—
Advances to Alcala de Gazules—Is driven back—Soult designs to besiege
Tarifa—Concludes a convention with the emperor of Morocco—It is
frustrated by England—Ballesteros cooped up under the guns of Gibraltar
by Sémelé and Godinot—Colonel Skerrett sails for Tarifa—The French
march against Tarifa—Are stopped in the pass of La Pena by the fire of
the British ships—They retire from San Roque—General Godinot shoots
himself—General Hill surprises general Girard at Aroyo Molino, and
returns to the Alemtejo—French reinforced in Estremadura—Their
movements checked by insubordination amongst the troops—Hill again
advances—Endeavours to surprise the French at Merida—Fine conduct of
captain Neveux—Hill marches to Almendralejos to fight Drouet—The latter
retires—Phillipon sends a party from Badajos to forage the banks of the
Guadiana—Colonel Abercrombie defeats a squadron of cavalry at Fuente
del Maestro—Hill returns to the Alemtejo 313

C H A P. V.
Soult resolves to besiege Tarifa—Ballesteros is driven a second time
under the guns of Gibraltar—Laval invests Tarifa—Siege of Tarifa—The
assault repulsed—Siege is raised—The true history of this siege exposed
—Colonel Skerrett not the author of the success 329

BOOK XVI.

C H A P. I .
 Political situation of king Joseph—Political state of Spain—Political state 345
of Portugal—Military operations—Julian Sanchez captures the governor of
Ciudad Rodrigo—General Thiebault introduces a convoy and a new
governor into that fortress—Difficulty of military operations on the Agueda
—The allied army, being pressed for provisions, takes wide cantonments,
and preparations are secretly made for the siege of Ciudad Rodrigo

C H A P. I I .
Review of the different changes of the war—Enormous efforts of
Napoleon—Lord Wellington’s situation described—His great plans
explained—His firmness and resolution under difficulties—Distressed state
of his army—The prudence and ability of lord Fitzroy Somerset—
Dissemination of the French army—Lord Wellington seizes the opportunity
to besiege Ciudad Rodrigo 362

C H A P. I I I .
Means collected for the siege of Ciudad Rodrigo—Major Sturgeon
throws a bridge over the Agueda—Siege of Ciudad Rodrigo—Colonel
Colborne storms fort Francesco—The scarcity of transport baulks lord
Wellington’s calculations—Marmont collects troops—Plan of the attack
changed—Two breaches are made and the city is stormed—Observations 375

C H A P. I V.
Execution of the French partizans and English deserters found in
Ciudad Rodrigo—The works are repaired—Marmont collects his army at
Salamanca—Bonet abandons the Asturias—Souham advances to Matilla
—Hill arrives at Castello Branco—The French army harassed by winter
marches and by the Partidas—Marmont again spreads his divisions—
Agueda overflows, and all communication with Ciudad Rodrigo is cut off—
Lord Wellington prepares to besiege Badajos—Preliminary measures—
Impeded by bad weather—Difficulties and embarrassments arise—The
allied army marches in an unmilitary manner towards the Alemtejo—Lord
Wellington proposes some financial measures—Gives up Ciudad to the
Spaniards—The fifth division is left in Beira—Carlos d’Espagna and
general Victor Alten are posted on the Yeltes—The Portuguese militia
march for the Coa—Lord Wellington reaches Elvas—He is beset with
difficulties—Falls sick, but recovers rapidly 390
 C H A P. V.
The allies cross the Guadiana—Beresford invests Badajos—Generals
Graham and Hill command the covering army—Drouet retires to
Hornaches in the Llerena—Third English siege of Badajos—Sally of the
garrison repulsed—Works impeded by the rain—The besieged rake the
trenches from the right bank of the Guadiana—The fifth division is called
up to the siege—The river rises and carries away the bridge, and the siege
is upon the point of being raised—Two flying bridges are established—The
fifth division invest St. Christoval and the bridge-head—The Picurina is
stormed—The batteries open against the San Roque and the body of the
place—The covering army drive general Drouet from the Serena into the
Morena on the side of Cordova—Marmont collects his forces in Leon—
The Spanish officers and the Portuguese government neglect the supplies
of Ciudad Rodrigo and Almeida—Soult advances from Cordova towards
Llerena—The fifth division is brought over the Guadiana—The works of
the siege are pressed—An attempt to blow up the dam of the inundation
fails—The two breaches become practicable—Soult effects his junction
with Drouet and advances to the succour of the place—Graham and Hill
fall back—The bridge of Merida is destroyed—The assault is ordered, but
countermanded—A third breach is formed—The fortress is stormed with a
dreadful slaughter, and the city is sacked by the allies 399

C H A P. V I .
434
The state of Ciudad Rodrigo and Almeida obliges lord Wellington to
relinquish his design of invading Andalusia—Soult’s operations described
—He reaches Villa Franca—Hears of the fall of Badajos and retires—
Penne Villemur and Morillo move from the Niebla against Seville—
Ballesteros having defeated Maransin at Cartama, comes from the Ronda
against Seville—A French convoy is stopped in the Morena, and the whole
of Andalusia is in commotion—Seville is saved by the subtlety of a
Spaniard in the French interest—Ballesteros retires—Assaults Zahara and
is repulsed—Sends a division against Ossuna, which is also repulsed by
the Escopeteros—Drives general Rey from Allora to Malaga—Soult
marches from Llerena towards Seville, and general Conroux brings a
brigade up from the Guadalete to attack Ballesteros—Sir S. Cotton
defeats general Peyreymont’s cavalry near Usagre—Soult concentrates
his army near Seville to light the allies—Lord Wellington marches to Beira
—Marmont’s operations—He marches against Ciudad Rodrigo—Carlos
d’España retires towards Almeida and Victor Alten towards Penamacor—
The French appear before Almeida—General Trant arrives on the Cabeça
Negro—The French retire and Trant unites with J. Wilson at Guarda—
Marmont advances to Sabugal—Victor Alten abandons Penamacor and
Castello Branco, and crosses the Tagus—The Portuguese general Lecor
opposes the enemy with skill and courage—Marmont drives Trant from
Guarda and defeats his militia on the Mondego—Lord Wellington crosses
the Tagus and enters Castello Branco—Marmont’s position perilous—Lord
Wellington advances to attack him—He retreats over the Agueda—The
allied army is spread in wide cantonments, and the fortresses are
victualled

C H A P. V I I .
General observations—The campaign considered—The justice of
Napoleon’s views vindicated, and Marmont’s operations censured as the
cause of the French misfortunes—The operations of the army of the
centre and of the south examined—Lord Wellington’s operations eulogized
—Extraordinary adventures of captain Colquhon Grant—The operations of
the siege of Badajos examined—Lord Wellington’s conduct vindicated 450
 APPENDIX.

No. I.
Justificatory papers relating to the state of Spain at different periods 483

No. II.
Siege of Taragona 498

No. III.
Political state of king Joseph 512

No. IV.
Conduct of the English government, and extracts from Mr. Canning’s
and lord Wellesley’s instructions to Mr. Stuart 541

No. V.
Marmont and Dorsenne’s operations 549

No. VI.
Siege of Tarifa, with anonymous extracts from memoirs and letters of
different officers employed in the siege 563

No. VII.
Storming of Ciudad Rodrigo and Badajos, with anonymous extracts from
memoirs and letters of officers engaged in, or eye-witnesses of the action
described 571

No. VIII.
English papers relating to Soult’s and Marmont’s operations, and French
papers relating to the same 578

No. IX.
584
Summary of the force of the Anglo-Portuguese army at different periods,