12thpullingo 10th Science Unit 7 To Unit 11 Sura Guide em

www.surabooks.com This Material only for sample www.surabooks.
com
Namma Kalvi
www.nammakalvi.org
CHEMISTRY
UNIT ATOMS AND

7
m
MOLECULES
co
s.
CONCEPT MAP
ok
Atomic structure
Modern Avogadro’s
Atomic
o
Hypothesis
Theory
ab
Atom Molecule
ur
Atomic Mass Molecular

Mass
.s
Isotopes
Isobars Relative
Isotones Relative
Molecular
Atomic Mass
w
Mass
Gay-Lussac’s law
w
Atomicity of molecule
Average Mole Determine molecular formula
Atomic Mass Concept Relation between M.M and V.D
w
orders@surabooks.com 9600175757 / 8124201000 /8124301000

www.surabooks.com This Material only for sample www.surabooks.com
www.nammakalvi.org
Sura’s ➠ X Std - Science
TEXTBOOK EVALUATION
7. The volume occupied by 1 mole of a diatomic
I. Choose the correct answer : gas at S.T.P is
1. Which of the following has the smallest (a) 11.2 litre (b) 5.6 litre
m
mass? (c) 22.4 litre (d) 44.8 litre
(a) 6.023 × 1023 atoms of He [Ans. (c) 22.4 litre]
(b) 1 atom of He 8. In the nucleus of 20Ca40, there are
co
(c) 2g of He (a) 20 protons and 40 neutrons
(d) 1 mole atoms of He[Ans. (b) 1 atom of He] (b) 20 protons and 20 neutrons
2. Which of the following is a triatomic (c) 20 protons and 40 electrons
molecule? (d) 40 protons and 20 electrons
s.
(a) Glucose (b) Helium [Ans. (b) 20 protons and 20 neutrons]
(c) Carbon dioxide (d) Hydrogen 9. The gram molecular mass of oxygen
[Ans. (c) Carbon dioxide] molecule is
ok
3. The volume occupied by 4.4 g of CO2 at S.T.P (a) 16g (b) 18g (c) 32g (d) 17g
(a) 22.4 litre (b) 2.24 litre [Ans. (c) 32g]
(c) 0.24 litre (d) 0.1 litre 10. 1 mole of any substance contains ______
[Ans. (b) 2.24 litre] molecules.
(a) 6.023 × 1023 (b) 6.023 × 10–23
o
4. Mass of 1 mole of Nitrogen atom is
(a) 28 amu (b) 14 amu (c) 3.0115 × 10
23
(d) 12.046 × 1023

[Ans. (a) 6.023 × 1023]
ab
(c) 28 g (d) 14 g
II. Fill in the blanks :
Unit 7
[Ans. (c) 28g]

5. Which of the following represents 1amu? 1. Atoms of different elements having _______
(a) Mass of a C – 12 atom mass number, but ________ atomic numbers
(b) Mass of a hydrogen atom are called isobars.
ur
[Ans. same, different]

1 2. Atoms of different elements having same number
(c) of the mass of a C – 12 atom
12 th of ___________ are called isotones.
(d) Mass of O – 16 atom [Ans. neutrons]
1
.s
[Ans. (c) th of the mass of a C – 12 atom]

12 3. Atoms of one element can be transmuted into
atoms of other element by ________.
6. Which of the following statement is
[Ans. artificial transmutation]
w
incorrect?
(a) One gram of C – 12 contains Avogadro’s 4. The sum of the numbers of protons and neutrons
number of atoms. of an atom is called its _______.
(b) One mole of oxygen gas contains Avogadro’s [Ans. mass number]
w
number of molecules. 5. Relative atomic mass is otherwise known

(c) One mole of hydrogen gas contains as__________.[Ans. standard atomic weight]
Avogadro’s number of atoms.
w
(d) One mole of electrons stands for 6.023 × 1023 6. The average atomic mass of hydrogen is
electrons. ___________ amu. [Ans. 1.0079]
[Ans. (c) One mole of hydrogen gas contains 7. If a molecule is made of similar kind of
Avogadro’s number of atoms] atoms, then it is called ____________ atomic
molecule. [Ans. Homo]
182

5. What is Molar volume of a gas? (ii) 1.51 × 1023 molecules of NH4Cl
Ans. (i) The volume occupied by one mole of any Number of molecules
gas at S.T.P is called molar volume. No of moles =
Avogadro number
(ii) One mole of any gas occupies = 22.4 litre or 1.51 × 1023
22400 ml at S.T.P. = = 0.25 mole
6.023 × 1023
m
6. Find the percentage of nitrogen in ammonia. 4. Give the salient features of “Modern atomic
Ans. % of nitrogen in NH3 theory”.
Mass of nitrogen Ans. ‘The main postulates of modern atomic theory’
co
= × 100 are as follows:
Molar mass of NH 3
(i) An atom is no longer indivisible
14 (ii) Atoms of the same element may have
= ´100 = 82%
17 different atomic mass. Example - isotopes
Cl35, 17Cl37.
s.
VII. Long answer questions : 17
(iii) Atoms of different elements may have
same atomic masses. Example - Isobars
1. Calculate the number of water molecule
Ar40,20Ca40.
ok
present in one drop of water which weighs 18
0.18 g. (iv) Atoms of one element can be transmuted

into atoms of other elements.
Ans. Mass of water = 0.18 g
(v) Atoms may not always combine in a simple
Mass whole number ratio. Eg : Glucose C6H12O6.
No of moles =
o
Molecular Mass (vi) Atom is the smallest particle that take part
0.18 in a chemical reaction.
=
18
ab
(vii) Mass of an atom can be converted into

Unit 7
= 0.01 mole energy. E = mc2.

Number of molecules = No of moles ×
5. Derive the relationship between Relative
Avogadro number
molecular mass and Vapour density.
= 0.01 × 6.023 × 1023
ur
Ans. Relative molecular mass :

= 0.06023 × 1023
(i) (Hydrogen scale) : The Relative Molecular
= 6.023 × 1021 molecules
Mass of a gas or vapour is the ratio between
2. N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3 the mass of one molecule of the gas or
.s
(The atomic mass of nitrogen is 14, and that vapour to mass of one atom of Hydrogen.
of hydrogen is 1)
(ii) Vapour Density : Vapour density is the
1 mole of nitrogen (_______g) +
ratio of the mass of a certain volume of a gas
w
3 moles of hydrogen ( _________ g) → or vapour, to the mass of an equal volume

2 moles of ammonia ( _________ g) of hydrogen, measured under the same
Ans. 28, 6, 34.
w
conditions of temperature and pressure.

3. Calculate the number of moles in Vapour Density
(i) 27g of Al
Mass of given volume of gas or vapour at S.T.P
w
(ii) 1.51 × 1023 molecules of NH4Cl (V.D) =

Ans. (i) 27 g of Al Mass of same volume of hydrogen
Mass According to Avogadro's law, equal volumes of
No of moles =
Atomic Mass
all gases contain equal number of molecules.
27
= = 1 mole Thus, let the number of molecules in one
27
volume = n, then
184
www.nammakalvi.org
UNIT PERIODIC
8
m
CLASSIFICATION
co
OF ELEMENTS
s.
CONCEPT MAP
ok
Ore (Concentration of Ores)
Metals of high reactivity Metals of medium reactivity Metals of least reactivity

o
ab
Electrolysis of molten ore Carbonate ore Sulphide ore Sulphide ore
Pure metal Calcination Roasting Roasting

ur
Oxide of metal Metal

.s
Reduction to metal Purification

w
Purification
w
w

TEXTBOOK EVALUATION
Chemistry
I. Choose the correct answer : 9. Neon shows zero electron affinity due to
_____
1. The number of periods and groups in the (a) stable arrangement of neutrons
m
periodic table are______ (b) stable configuration of electrons
(a) 6,16 (b) 7,17 (c) 8,18 (d) 7,18 (c) reduced size
[Ans. (d) 7, 18] (d) increased density
[Ans. (b) stable configuration of electrons]
co
2. The basis of modern periodic law is______
(a) atomic number 10. ______ is an important metal to form
(b) atomic mass amalgam
Periodic Classification of Elements

(c) isotopic mass (a) Ag (b) Hg (c) Mg (d) Al
(d) number of neutrons [Ans. (b) Hg]
s.
[Ans. (a) atomic number] II. Fill in the blanks :
3. ______group contains the members of
1. If the electronegativity difference between two
halogen family.
ok
bonded atoms in a molecule is greater than 1.7,
(a) 17th (b) 15th (c) 18th (d) 16th
the nature of bonding is _________.
[Ans. (a) 17th]
[Ans. ionic ]
4. _____ is a relative periodic property
(a) Atomic radii (b) Ionic radii 2. ________ is the longest period in the periodical
o
(c) Electron affinity (d) Electronegativity table. [Ans. 6th]
[Ans. (d) electronegativity]
3. ________ forms the basis of modern periodictable.
ab
5. Chemical formula of rust is________ [Ans. Atomic number]

(a) FeO.xH2O (b) FeO4.xH2O
(c) Fe2O3.xH2O (d) FeO 4. If the distance between two Cl atoms in Cl2
[Ans. (c) Fe2O3.xH2O] molecule is 1.98Å, then the radius of Cl atom is
ur
________. [Ans. 0.99 Å]

6. In the alumino thermic process, the role of
Al is_____ 5. Among the given species A–, A+, and A, the
(a) oxidizing agent smallest one in size is __________. [Ans. A+ ]
(b) reducing agent
.s
6. The scientist who propounded the modern

(c) hydrogenating agent periodic law is ___________.
(d) sulphurising agent [Ans. Henry Moseley]
[Ans. (b) reducing agent]
w
7. Across the period, ionic radii ________

7. The process of coating the surface of metal (increases, decreases) [Ans. decreases]
with a thin layer of zinc is called______
8. ______ and _______ are called inner transition
(a) painting (b) thinning
w
elements [Ans. Lanthanides , Actinides]

(c) galvanization (d) electroplating
[Ans. (c) galvanization] 9. The chief ore of Aluminium is __________.
8. Which of the following have inert gases 2 [Ans. Bauxite]
w
electrons in the outermost shell? 10. The chemical name of rust is _________.
(a) He (b) Ne (c) Ar (d) Kr [Ans. hydrated ferric oxide]
[Ans. (a) He]
203
www.nammakalvi.org
III. Match the following : V. Assertion and Reason :
1. Galvanisation Noble gas elements Answer the following questions using the
data given below:
2. Calcination Coating with Zn
(i) A and R are correct, R explains the A.
3. Redox reaction silver-tin amalgam (ii) A is correct, R is wrong.
m
4. Dental filling Alumino thermic (iii) A is wrong, R is correct.
process (iv) A and R are correct, R doesn’t explains A.
5. Group Heating in the 1. Assertion : The nature of bond in HF
co
18 elements absence of air molecule is ionic.
Ans. Reason : The electronegativity difference
1. Galvanisation coating with Zn between H and F is 1.9.
[Ans. (i) A and R are correct, R explains the A]
2. Calcination Heating in the
s.
absence of air 2. : Magnesium is used to protect
Assertion
steel from rusting.
3. Redox reaction Alumino thermic
Reason : Magnesium is more reactive
process
ok
than iron.
4. Dental filling silver-tin amalgam [Ans. (iii) A is wrong, R is correct]
5. Group Noble gas elements
3. Assertion : An uncleaned copper vessel is
18 elements
covered with greenish layer.
o
IV. True or False : (If false give the Reason : Copper is not attacked by alkali.
correct statement) [Ans. (i) A and R are correct, R explains the A]
ab
1. Moseley's periodic table is based on atomic

Unit 8
mass. VI. Short answer questions :

Ans. False. 1. A is a reddish brown metal, which combines
Correct Statement : Moseley's periodic table is with O2 at < 1370 K gives B, a black coloured
based on atomic number.
ur
compound. At a temperature > 1370 K, A

2. Ionic radius increases across the period gives C which is red in colour. Find A, B and
from left to right. C with reaction.
Ans. False. Ans. Reddish brown metal A is copper.
.s
Correct Statement : Ionic radius decreases

below
across the period from left to right. 2Cu + O2 2CuO
1370k
3. All ores are minerals; but all minerals cannot (A) (B)
w
be called as ores; Copper (II) oxide

Ans. True. (black)
above
4. Al wires are used as electric cables due to 4Cu + O2 2Cu2O
w
1370k
their silvery white colour. (C)
Ans. False. Copper (I) oxide
Correct Statement : Al wires are used in electric (red)
w
cables as they are good condutors.

A - Cu - Copper
5. An alloy is a heterogeneous mixture of B - CuO - Copper (II) oxide
metals.
C - Cu2O - Copper I oxide
Ans. False.
Correct Statement : An alloy is a homogeneous
mixture of metals.
204
www.nammakalvi.org
UNIT
9
m
SOLUTIONS
co
s.
CONCEPT MAP
o ok
Solvent
+
Solute
ab
Hydrated Factors
salt affecng
Solubility solubility
Salt Soluon
ur
Deliquescence Water Concentraon

obsorbing of soluon
from Volume
atmospheric percent
.s
Hygroscopy air Types of

Soluon
w
Based on type
Based on type Physical state
of solute
of solvent Based on type of
w
solute and solvent
1. Auqous 1. Dilute
w
1. Saturated 1. Solid
soluon soluon soluon
soluon
2. Non aqueous 2. Concentrated 2. Liquid
2. Unsaturated soluon soluon
soluon
soluon
3. Gases
3. Super saturated soluon
soluon

TEXTBOOK EVALUATION
Chemistry
8. A 25% alcohol solution means
I. Choose the correct answer : (a) 25 ml alcohol in 100 ml of water
1. A solution is a _____________ mixture. (b) 25 ml alcohol in 25 ml of water
m
(a) homogeneous (c) 25 ml alcohol in 75 ml of water
(b) heterogeneous (d) 75 ml alcohol in 25 ml of water
(c) homogeneous and heterogeneous [Ans. (c) 25 ml alcohol in 75 ml of water]
co
(d) non homogeneous[Ans. (a) homogeneous]
9. Deliquescence is due to __________
2. The number of components in a binary
solution is __________ (a) Strong affinity to water
Solutions
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5 (b) Less affinity to water
s.
[Ans. (a) 2] (c) Strong hatred to water
3. Which of the following is the universal (d) Inertness to water
solvent? [Ans. (a) Strong affinity to water]
ok
(a) Acetone (b) Benzene 10. Which of the following is hygroscopic in
(c) Water (d) Alcohol
nature?
[Ans. (c) Water]
(a) ferric chloride
4. A solution in which no more solute can be
(b) copper sulphate pentahydrate
o
dissolved in a definite amount of solvent at a
given temperature is called _______ (c) silica gel
(a) Saturated solution (d) none of the above [Ans. (c) silica gel]
ab
(b) Un saturated solution II. Fill in the blanks :

(c) Super saturated solution
(d) Dilute solution 1. The component present in lesser amount, in a
[Ans. (a) Saturated solution] solution is called _______ [Ans. Solute]
ur
5. Identify the non aqueous solution. 2. Example for liquid in solid type solution is_____
(a) sodium chloride in water
[Ans. Mercury with sodium (amalgam)]
(b) glucose in water
(c) copper sulphate in water 3. Solubility is the amount of solute dissolved in
.s
(d) sulphur in carbon-di-sulphide _____ g of solvent. [Ans. 100]

[Ans. (d) sulphur in carbon -di-sulphide]
4. Polar compounds are soluble in _____solvents
6. When pressure is increased at constant
w
[Ans. polar]
temperature the solubility of gases in liquid
___________. 5. Volume percentage decreases with increases in
(a) No change (b) increases temperature because _____
w
(c) decreases (d) no reaction [Ans. of expansion of liquids]

[Ans. (b) increases]
III. Match the following :
7. Solubility of NaCl in 100 ml water is 36 g. If
w
25 g of salt is dissolved in 100 ml of water how 1. Blue vitriol - CaSO4 .2H2O

much more salt is required for saturation?
_____________. 2. Gypsum - CaO
(a) 12g (b) 11g (c) 16g (d) 20g 3. Deliquescence - CuSO4.5H2O
[Ans. (b) 11g]
4. Hygroscopic - NaOH
227
www.nammakalvi.org
Ans. 3. Give an example each
i) gas in liquid
1. Blue vitriol - CuSO4.5H2O
ii) solid in liquid
2. Gypsum - CaSO4 .2H2O iii) solid in solid
iv) gas in gas
3. Deliquescence - NaOH
m
Ans. (i) Gas - Liquid - carbon-di-oxide dissolved in
4. Hygroscopic - CaO water (Soda water)
(ii) Solid - Liquid - Sodium chloride dissolved
IV. True or False: (If false give the
in water
correct statement)
co
(iii) Solid - Solid - Copper dissolved in gold
1. Solutions which contain three components (Alloys)
are called binary solution. (iv) Gas - Gas - Mixture of Helium-Oxygen
Ans. False. gases,
s.
Correct statement : Solutions which contain 4. What is aqueous and non-aqueous solution?
three components are called Trinary solution. Give an example.
2. In a solution the component which is present Ans. (i) Aqueous solution: The solution in which
ok
in lesser amount is called solvent. water acts as a solvent is called aqueous
solution.
Ans. True.
E.g. Common salt in water, Sugar in water,
3. Sodium chloride dissolved in water forms a Copper sulphate in water etc.
non-aqueous solution.
o
(ii) Non – Aqueous solution: The solution in
Ans. False. which any liquid other than water acts as
Correct statement : FeSO4.7H2O dissolved in a solvent is called non - aqueous solution.
ab
Unit 9
water forms a aqueous solution. E.g: Sulphur dissolved in carbon

4. The molecular formula of black vitriol is Mg disulphide.
SO4.7H2O. 5. Define Volume percentage.
Ans. False. Ans. Volume percentage is defined as the percentage
ur
Correct statement : The molecular formula by volume of solute (in ml) present in the given
of green vitriol is Mg SO4.7H2O. volume of the solution.
Volume of the sloute
5. When Silica gel is kept open, it absorbs Volume Percentage = Volume of the solution × 100
.s
moisture from the air, because it is

hygroscopic in nature 6. The aquatic animals live more in cold region
Ans. True. Why?
w
Ans. Aquatic animals live more in cold regions

V. Short answer questions: because, more amount of dissolved oxygen is
present in the water of cold regions. This shows
1. Define the term: Solution.
that the solubility of oxygen is more in water at
w
Ans. Solution is a homogeneous mixture of one or

low temperature.
more substances.
7. Define Hydrated salt.
2. What is meant by binary solution?
w
Ans. When ionic substances are dissolved in water

Ans. Solutions which are made of one solute and
to make their saturated aqueous solution, their
one solvent (two components) are called binary ions attract water molecules which then attached
solutions. chemically in certain ratio. This process is called
hydration.
228
additional questions and answers
Chemistry
8. Under which of the following cases,
I.Choose the Correct Answer 1 Mark
dissolution of sugar will be rapid?
(a) Sugar crystal in hot water
m
1. Sugar and copper sulphate crystals are
dissolved in water. The solution is called as (b) Sugar crystal in cold water
________. (c) Powdered sugar in hot water
(d) Powdered sugar in cold water
(a) binary (b) trinary
co
[Ans. (c) Powdered sugar in hot water]
(c) ternary (d) quartenary
[Ans. (b) trinary] 9. A beaker contains a solution of copper
sulphate. precipitation of copper sulphate
Solutions
2. 40 g of sodium chloride in 100 g of water at
takes place when small amount of it added
25º C forms ________ solution.
to __________ solution.
s.
(a) Super saturated
(a) Saturated
(b) Unsaturated
(b) Super saturated
(c) Saturated
(c) Unsaturated
ok
(d) Both (a) and (b)
(d) Concentrated
[Ans. (a) Super saturated]
[Ans. (a) Saturated]
3. 8% of NaCl solution is
(a) 8 g of NaCl in 100 g of water 10. Quick lime is dissolved in water is a _______
(b) 8 g of NaCl in 92 g of water process.
o
(c) 92 g of NaCl in 8 g of water (a) exothermic (b) endothermic
(d) 92 g of NaCl in 100 g of water (c) reversible (d) both (a) and (b)
ab
[Ans. (b) 8 g of NaCl in 92 g of water]

[Ans. (a) exothermic]
4. White vitriol is _________.
11. Example for solid in solid ____________.
(a) CaSO4·7H2O
(a) Soda water
(b) MgSO4·7H2O
(b) Camphor in air
ur
(c) K2SO4 ·7H2O

(c) Charcoal
(d) ZnSO4 ·7H2O
(d) alloy [Ans. (d) alloy]
[Ans. (d) ZnSO4 ·7H2O]
12. In exothermic process as the temperature
Anhydrous copper sulphate is _________ in
.s
5.
increases, solubility of the salt is ________
colour.
(a) decreases
(a) blue (b) bluish green
(b) increases
(c) colourless (d) black
w
(c) no change
[Ans. (c) colourless]
(d) increase and then remains constant
6. Hygroscopic substances are used as [Ans. (a) decrease]
________ agents.
w
13. The solubility of gases in liquid increases

(a) oxidizing (b) reducing
with ______
(c) decarbocyleting (d) drying
(a) increased volume
w
[Ans. (d) drying]

(b) increased pressure
7. Solubility of a solute is governed by (c) decreased pressure
(a) nature of solute and solvent (d) none of these
(b) temperature [Ans. (b) increased pressure]
(c) pressure
(d) all the above [Ans. (d) all the above]
231
www.nammakalvi.org
UNIT
m
TYPES OF CHEMICAL
10 REACTIONS
co
s.
CONCEPT MAP
o ok
ab
Change in Temperature
Temperature
ur
.s
w
w
w


VIII. Solve the following problems: 3. What is the pH of 1.0 × 10–5 molar solution
Chemistry
of KOH?
1. Lemon juice has a pH 2, what is the Solution
concentration of H+ ions?
Solution KOH(aq) ⇒ K+(aq) + OH–(aq)
One mole of KOH would give one mole of OH–
m
pH of lemon juice = 2 ions.
[H+] = ? [OH–] = 1 × 10–5 mol litre–1
pH = –log10 [H+]
pOH = –log10 [OH–] = – log10 [10–5]
log10 [H+] = –2
co
[H+] = 10–2 = – (–5 × log1010) = – (–5) = 5
= 0.01 mole litre–1 pH + pOH = 14
pH = 14 – pOH = 14 – 5 = 9
Types of Chemical Reactions

2. Calculate the pH of 1.0 × 10–4 molar solution
of HNO3. 4. The hydroxide ion concentration of a
s.
Solution solution is 1 × 10–11M. What is the pH of the
solution?
[H+] = 1.0 × 10–4 Solution
ok
pH = –log10 [H+]
= –log10 [1 × 10–4] [OH–] = 1 × 10–11 M
pH = –(log10 1 – 4 log1010) pOH = –log10 [OH–] = –log10 [10–11]
= 0 + 4 × log1010 = – (–11 × log1010) = – (–11) = 11
pH + pOH = 14
o
= 0+4×1=4
pH = 4 pH = 14 – pOH = 14 – 11 = 3
ab

3. The reaction between hydrogen and oxygen
gas to form water is _________ reaction.
ur
1. Which of the following information is not (a) combination (b) redox

(c) exothermic (d) all of these
conveyed by a balanced chemical equation?
[Ans. (a) combination]
(a) Physical states of reactants and products
4. An element ‘A’ on exposure to moist air
.s
(b) Symbols and chemicals formula of reactants

and products turns to form compound ‘B’ which is reddish
(c) Number of atoms / molecules of the reactants brown. Identify ‘A’ and ‘B’.
(a) ‘A’ is Ag, ‘B’ is Ag2s
w
and products formed

(d) Feasibility of a chemical reaction (b) ‘A’ is Cu, ‘B’ is CuO
(c) ‘A’ is Mg, ‘B’ is MgO
[Ans. (d) Feasibility of a chemical reaction]
(d) ‘A’ is Fe, ‘B’ is Fe2O3
w
2. The product formed when calcium oxide [Ans. (d) ‘A’ is Fe, ‘B’ is Fe2O3]
reacts with water is 5. CaCO heat Ca + CO
(a) Slaked lime
3(s) (s) 2(g)
The above thermal decomposition reaction
w
(b) Carbon dioxide is an _________________ reaction.

(c) Calcium oxide (a) endothermic
(d) Oxygen gas (b) exothermic
[Ans. (a) Slaked lime] (c) both (a) and (b)
(d) neither (a) nor (b)[Ans. (a) endothermic]
249
www.nammakalvi.org
Sura’s ➠ X Std - Science Types of Chemical Reactions
16. The pH of baking soda is 9; It is acid in Answer in a word or sentence
natural.
Ans. False. 1. What are the ions in aqueous solutions?
Correct Statement : The pH of baking soda is Ans. Hydrogen and Hydroxyl.
9; It is basic in natural. 2. What are the major classes of double
m
17. If pH of rain water is approximately 7, then displacement reactions?
it is called acid rain. Ans. (i) Precipitation Reactions
Ans. False. (ii) Neutralization Reactions
co
Correct Statement : If pH of rain water is 3. Can we get back the wood immediately from
approximately 7, then it is called rain. carbon dioxide and water? why?
Ans. No, because it is a permanent change.
Assertion and Reason
4. How our mobile phone get energy?
Direction : In each of the following questions Ans. Our mobile phone gets energy from its lithium
s.
a statement of Assertion (A) is given and a ion battery by chemical reaction.
corresponding statement of Reason (R) is given
just below it. Mark the correct statement as. Short answer questions 2 Marks
ok
Both Assertion and Reason are true and
(a)
1. Define rate of reaction.
Reason is correct explanation of Assertion.
Ans. “Rate of a reaction is the change in the amount
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but
or concentration of any one of the reactants or
Reason is not the correct explanation of
products per unit time”.
o
Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is false. Consider the following reaction
(e) Both Assertion and Reason are false. A→B
ab
Unit 10
The rate of this reaction is given by

1. Assertion : Combustion reactions are d[A] d[B]
also called as an exothermic Rate = =+
dt dt
oxidation reaction.
Where,
Reason : In these reactions, oxygen
ur
[A] – Concentration of A
is added and heat energy is
released. [B] – Concentration of B
[Ans. (a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and 2. Identify whether the following reaction is
Reason is correct explanation of Assertion] reversible or irreversible
.s
2. Assertion : Aluminum hydroxide is not an Ans. (i) Combustion of coal → Irreversible reaction
alkali (ii) Decomposition of PCl5 → Reversible
: An alkali is a base which reaction
w
Reason
dissolves in water. 3. Define endothermic reaction. Give an
[Ans. (a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and example.
Reason is correct explanation of Assertion] Ans. Reactions in which heat is absorbed are called
w
Reason : (Aluminium hydroxide does not ‘Endothermic reactions’.

dissolves in water) Eg : CaCO3(s) Heat CaO(s) + CO2(g)
w
3. Assertion : Colour of copper sulphate change 4. What is photolysis?

when an iron nail kept in it Ans. Decomposition caused by light is called
Reason : Copper is displaced by iron and photolysis.
iron sulphate is formed.
Eg : 2AgBr(s) light 2Ag(s) + Br2(g)
[Ans. (a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and
Reason is correct explanation of Assertion]
254
www.nammakalvi.org
UNIT CARBON
m
11
AND ITS
COMPOUNDS
co
s.
CONCEPT MAP
ok
Ether
alcohol
Ester
Organic acid
Carboxylic
acids Functional Drugs
Daily use
o
group
Ketones Fuel
ab
Aldehydes Tyre
Alcohols Carbon Plastic

and its
compounds
Saturated
ur
Open chain Root word

compounds
Unsaturated
IUPAC
Naming
.s
Carbo cyclic Common

Source
compounds name
Closed chain
w
compounds
Hetero cyclic
compounds
w
w

TEXTBOOK EVALUATION
Chemistry
8. TFM in soaps represents ___________
I. Choose the correct answer : content in soap
(a) mineral (b) vitamin
1. The molecular formula of an open chain
m
(c) fatty acid (d) carbohydrate
organic compound is C3H6. The class of the
[Ans. (c) fatty acid]
compound is
(a) alkane (b) alkene 9. Which of the following statements is wrong
co
(c) alkyne (d) alcohol about detergents?
[Ans. (b) alkene] (a) It is a sodium salt of long chain fatty acids
(b) It is sodium salts of sulphonic acids
The IUPAC name of an organic compound is
Carbon and its Compounds

2.
(c) The ionic part in a detergent is –SO3– Na+
3-Methyl butan-1-ol. What type compound
(d) It is effective even in hard water.
it is?
s.
[Ans. (a) It is a sodium salt of long chain fatty
(a) Aldehyde (b) Carboxylic acid
acids]
(c) Ketone (d) Alcohol
[Ans. (d) Alcohol] II. Fill in the blanks :
ok
3. The secondary suffix used in IUPAC 1. An atom or a group of atoms which is responsible
nomenclature of an aldehyde is ____ for chemical characteristics of an organic
(a) - ol (b) – oic acid compound is called ____________.
(c) - al (d) - one
o
[Ans. functional group]
[Ans. (c) - al]
4. Which of the following pairs can be the 2. The general molecular formula of alkynes is
ab
successive members of a homologous series? _____________ [Ans. CnH2n–2]

(a) C3H8 and C4H10 3. In IUPAC name, the carbon skeleton of a
(b) C2H2 and C2H4 compound is represented by _________ (root
(c) CH4 and C3H6 word / prefix / suffix) [Ans. root word]
ur
(d) C2H5OH and C4H8OH 4. (Saturated / Unsaturated) ___________

compounds decolourize bromine water.
[Ans. (a) C3H8 and C4H10]
[Ans. Unsaturated]
5. C2H5OH + 3O2  → 2CO2 + 3H2O is a
5. Dehydration of ethanol by conc. Sulphuric acid
.s
(a) Reduction of ethanol

forms _______ (ethene/ ethane) [Ans. ethene]
(b) Combustion of ethanol
(c) Oxidation of ethanoic acid 6. 100 % pure ethanol is called ____________

w
(d) Oxidation of ethanal [Ans. absolute alcohol]

[Ans. (b) Combustion of ethanol] 7. Ethanoic acid turns _______ litmus to _________
6. Rectified spirit is an aqueous solution which [Ans. Blue, Red]
w
contains about _______ of ethanol 8. The alkaline hydrolysis of fatty acids is termed as
(a) 95.5 % (b) 75.5 % _____________ [Ans. Saponification]
(c) 55.5 % (d) 45.5 %
[Ans. (a) 95.5 %] 9. Biodegradable detergents are made of _________
w
(branched / straight) chain hydrocarbons

7. Which of the following are used as [Ans. straight]
anaesthetics?
(a) Carboxylic acids (b) Ethers
(c) Esters (d) Aldehydes
[Ans. (b) Ethers]
263
www.nammakalvi.org
Chemistry
8. According to IUPAC rules, the secondary
suffix used to represent carboxylic acids is
______.
Which among the following is / are the
m
1.
properties of organic compounds. (a) al (b) ol
(c) ate (d) oic[Ans. (d) oic]
(i) are covalent in nature
(ii) exhibit isomerism 9. The enzymes present in yeast is / are
co
(iii) have low melting and boiling point __________.
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (i) and (iii) (a) invertage
Carbon and its Compounds

(c) (i), (ii) and (iii) (d) only (iii) (b) zymase
[Ans. (c) (i), (ii) and (iii)] (c) both (a) and (b)
s.
2. Cyclobutane is an example of __________ (d) neither (a) nor (b)
compounds. [Ans. (c) both (a) and (b)]
(a) a cyclic (b) cyclic 10. Rectified spirit contains
ok
(c) aromatic (d) alicyelic (a) 95.5% of ethanol and 4.5% of water
[Ans. (d) alicyclic] (b) 100 % pure alcohol
3. General molecular formula of alkynes is (c) 4.5% of ethanol and 95.5% of water
_______. (d) 50% of ethanal and 50% of water
[Ans. (a) 95.5% of ethanol and 4.5% of water]
o
(a) CnH2n+2 (b) CnH2n
(c) CnH2–n–2 (d) CnH2n+1 11. Alcohols + Acids
conc H SO
2 4
Esters.
[Ans. (c) CnH2n–2]
ab
This reaction is ________.

4. Ethene is an _____________. (a) Ester hydrolysis (b) Esterification
(a) alkane (c) Dehydrogenation (d) Oxidation
(b) alkene [Ans. (b) Esterification]
(c) alkyze 12. When ethanol reacts with acidified K2Cr2O7
ur
(d) armatic hydrocarbon [Ans. (b) alkene] the orange color of K2Cr2O7 changes to
5. Methylene group is ________.
(a) CH4 (b) – CH3 (a) yellow (b) red
.s
(c) – CH2 – (d) – CH – (c) purple (d) green

[Ans. (c) – CH2 –] [Ans. (d) green]
6. Identify the ketone among the following 13. Chemical formula of acetaldehyde is
w
(a) CH3COCH3 ________.

(b) CH3CHO (a) CH3CHO (b) CH3CH2OH
(c) CH3COOH (c) CH3COOCH3 (d) CH3–O–CH3
w
(d) CH3COOCH3 [Ans. (a) CH3CHO]

[Ans. (a) CH3COCH3] 14. Ethanol is used as __________.
(a) a preservative for biological specimen
7. The organic compound contains 2carbon
(b) an antifreeze
w
atoms, the root word according IUPAC is

(c) an antiseptic
(a) Meth – (b) Eth – (d) all the above [Ans. (d) all the above]
(c) Prop – (d) But –
[Ans. (b) Eth –]
www.nammakalvi.org
267

12thpullingo 10th Science Unit 7 To Unit 11 Sura Guide em

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

You might also like

12thpullingo 10th Science Unit 7 To Unit 11 Sura Guide em

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

12thpullingo 10th Science Unit 7 To Unit 11 Sura Guide em

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

www.surabooks.com This Material only for sample www.surabooks.

UNIT ATOMS AND

Atomic Mass Molecular

orders@surabooks.com 9600175757 / 8124201000 /8124301000

 [Ans. (c) 28g]

[Ans. same, different]

 [Ans. (c) th of the mass of a C – 12 atom]

number of molecules. 5. Relative atomic mass is otherwise known

Sura’s ➠ X Std - Science

0.18 g. (iv) Atoms of one element can be transmuted

(vii) Mass of an atom can be converted into

= 0.01 mole energy. E = mc2.

Ans. Relative molecular mass :

3 moles of hydrogen ( _________ g) → or vapour, to the mass of an equal volume

conditions of temperature and pressure.

(ii) 1.51 × 1023 molecules of NH4Cl (V.D) =

Metals of high reactivity Metals of medium reactivity Metals of least reactivity

Electrolysis of molten ore Carbonate ore Sulphide ore Sulphide ore

Pure metal Calcination Roasting Roasting

Oxide of metal Metal

Reduction to metal Purification

orders@surabooks.com 9600175757 / 8124201000 /8124301000

Sura’s ➠ X Std - Science

Periodic Classification of Elements

5. Chemical formula of rust is________  [Ans. Atomic number]

________. [Ans. 0.99 Å]

6. The scientist who propounded the modern

7. Across the period, ionic radii ________

elements [Ans. Lanthanides , Actinides]

1. Moseley's periodic table is based on atomic

mass. VI. Short answer questions :

compound. At a temperature > 1370 K, A

Correct Statement : Ionic radius decreases

be called as ores; Copper (II) oxide

cables as they are good condutors.

Deliquescence Water Concentraon

Hygroscopy air Types of

solute and solvent

orders@surabooks.com 9600175757 / 8124201000 /8124301000

Sura’s ➠ X Std - Science

(b) Un saturated solution II. Fill in the blanks :

(d) sulphur in carbon-di-sulphide _____ g of solvent.  [Ans. 100]

(c) decreases (d) no reaction  [Ans. of expansion of liquids]

25 g of salt is dissolved in 100 ml of water how 1. Blue vitriol - CaSO4 .2H2O

water forms a aqueous solution. E.g: Sulphur dissolved in carbon

moisture from the air, because it is

Ans. Aquatic animals live more in cold regions

Ans. Solution is a homogeneous mixture of one or

Ans. When ionic substances are dissolved in water

Sura’s ➠ X Std - Science

additional questions and answers

 [Ans. (b) 8 g of NaCl in 92 g of water]

(c) K2SO4 ·7H2O

13. The solubility of gases in liquid increases

 [Ans. (d) drying]

orders@surabooks.com 9600175757 / 8124201000 /8124301000

Sura’s ➠ X Std - Science

Types of Chemical Reactions

[Ans. (c) 28g]

[Ans. (c) th of the mass of a C – 12 atom]

5. Chemical formula of rust is________ [Ans. Atomic number]

________. [Ans. 0.99 Å]

elements [Ans. Lanthanides , Actinides]

mass. VI. Short answer questions :

Deliquescence Water Concentraon

(d) sulphur in carbon-di-sulphide _____ g of solvent. [Ans. 100]

(c) decreases (d) no reaction [Ans. of expansion of liquids]

[Ans. (b) 8 g of NaCl in 92 g of water]

[Ans. (d) drying]

(b) Symbols and chemicals formula of reactants

Reason : (Aluminium hydroxide does not ‘Endothermic reactions’.

3. Assertion : Colour of copper sulphate change 4. What is photolysis?

successive members of a homologous series? _____________ [Ans. CnH2n–2]

(d) C2H5OH and C4H8OH 4. (Saturated / Unsaturated) ___________

(d) Oxidation of ethanal [Ans. absolute alcohol]

(branched / straight) chain hydrocarbons

(d) CH3COOCH3 [Ans. (a) CH3CHO]