Use either active or passive, in any appropriate tense, for the verbs in parentheses.

1. The Amazon valley is extremely important to the ecology of the earth. Forty percent of the world's
oxygen is produced (produce) there.

2. Right now Roberto is in the hospital.* He is being treated (treat) for a bad burn on his hand and arm.

3. The game (win, probably) will probably be won by the other team tomorrow. They're a lot better than we
are.

4. There was a terrible accident on a busy downtown street yesterday. Dozens of people saw (see) it,
including my friend, who (interview) ______ was interviewed by the police.

5. In my country, certain prices, such as the price of medical supplies, (control) is being controlled _by
the government. Other prices (determine) is being determined by how much consumers are willing to
pay for a product.

6. Yesterday a purse-snatcher__was caught____ (catch) by a dog. While the thief___was being chased__
(chase) by the police, he (jump) ___jumped____over a fence into someone's yard, where he encountered
a ferocious dog. The dog ______kept______ (keep) the thief from escaping.

7. The first fish__appeared___ (appear) on the earth about 500 million years ago. Up to now, more than
20,000 kinds of fish ____were named/ have been named__________ (name) and _____were
described/have been described_ (describe) by scientists. New species__are being discovered (discover)
every year, so the total increases continually.

8. Richard Anderson is a former astronaut. Several years ago, when he was 52, Anderson ___was
informed ____ (inform) by his superior at an aircraft corporation that he could no longer be a test pilot.
He_____was told___ (tell) that he was being relieved of his duties because of his age. Anderson took the
corporation to court for age discrimination.

9. Frostbite may occur when the skin ______is exposed___ (expose) to extreme cold. It most frequently
_____affects____ (affect)" the skin of the cheeks, chin, ears, fingers, nose, and toes.

10. in 1877, a network of lines ____was discovered ______ (discover) on the surface of Mars by an Italian
astronomer, Giovanni Schiaparelli. The astronomer _______called___ (call) these lines "channels," but
when the Italian word ____was translated____ (translate)into English, it became "canals." As a result,
some people thought the lines were waterways that___had been built___ (build) by some unknown
creatures. We now know that the lines are not really canals. Canals _do not exist__(exist, not) on Mars.

1 1. Carl Gauss ___was reconized __ (recognize) as a mathematical genius when he was ten. One day a
professor gave him an arithmetic problem. Carl___was asked_____ (ask) to add up all the numbers from
1 to 100 (1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5, etc.). It_____took______ (take) him only eight seconds to solve the problem.
How could he do it so quickly? Can you do it quickly? Carl could do it quickly because he____knew_____
(know) that each pair of numbers - 1 plus 100,2 plus 99, 3 plus 98, and so on to 50 plus 5 1 - equalled 10 1.
So he____multiplied ___ (multiply) 50 times 10 1 and____came____ (come) up with the answer: 5,050.
C. Use the verb in parentheses with the modal or phrasal modal that sounds best to you. All of the
sentences are passive.

1. The entire valley (see) ____can be seen____from their mountain home.

2. He is wearing a gold band on his fourth finger. He_________he must be married______________

(marry)

3. According to our teacher, all of our compositions ________ have to be /must be written____________
(write)in ink. He won't accept papers written in pencil.

4. I found this book on my desk when I came to class. It ___must/might have been left___(Leave) by one
of the students in the earlier class.

5. Five of the committee members will be unable to attend the next meeting. In my opinion, the meeting
______should be postponed____(postpone)

6. A child ____had better not to be given/ should not be given____(give, not) everything he or she wants.

7. Your daughter has a good voice. Her interest in singing ___needs to/ should be encouraged/
___(encourage)

8. Try to speak slowly when you give your speech. If you don't, some of your words____will be
misunderstood _____ (misunderstand)

10. What? You tripped over a chair at the party and dropped your plate of food into a woman's lap?
You____must have been embarrassed______ (embarrass)

11. She is very lazy. If you want her to do anything, she _____must/ has to be pused____(push)

12. The hospital in that small town is very old and can no longer serve the needs of the community. A
new hospital ______should have been built___(build) years ago.

13. Blue whales and other are endangered species (save) ______should be saved___from extinction. Do
you agree?

14. We can't wait any longer! Something_______must/ has to be done_____ (do) immediately!

15. In my opinion, Ms. Hansen ___________should be elected________(elect) because she is honest,

knowledgeable, and competent.

D. Use active or passive, in any appropriate tense, for the verbs in parentheses.

1. It's noon. The mail should be here soon. It __is usually delivered__ (deliver, usually) sometime between
noon and one o'clock.
2. Only five of us ____were working______ (work) in the laboratory yesterday when the explosion
_____occured ___ (occur) . Luckily, no one __was hurt_____ (hurt)

3. I was supposed to take a test yesterday, but I ___was not admited___ (admit, not) to the testing room
because the examination__________had already began_______ (begin, already)

4. Before she graduated last May, Susan _______had already offered__(offer, already) a position with a
law firm.

5. Right now a student trip to the planetarium ___is being organized ____(organize) by Mrs. Hunt. You can
sign up for it at her office.

6. He is a man whose name will go down in history. He(______will never be forgotten/ is never forgotten
__ Forget, never)

7. A: Yesterday_____was _ (be) a terrible day.

B: What _____happened ___ (happen) ?

A: First, I_____flunked _______ ( flunk) a test, or at least I think I did. Then I dropped (drop) my books
while I ____was walking ___ (walk) across campus, and they ___fell __ (fall) into a mud puddle. And
finally, my bicycle___was stolen__ (steal)

B: You should have stayed in bed.

8. Yesterday we went to look at an apartment. I really liked it, but by the time we got there, it_it had been
already rented _ (rent, already)

9. During the family celebration, the little boy was crying because he ____was being ignored __ (ignore)
.He needed some attention, too.

10. A: Where __did you buy__ (buy, you) that beautiful necklace?

B: I__did not buy __ (buy, not) it. It ______was given_____ give) to me for my birthday. ___do you like__
(you, like) it?

11. The sun is just one of billions of stars in the universe. As it travels through space, it ___is circled
(circle) by many other celestial bodies. The nine known planets __are held___ (hold) in orbit by the sun's
gravitational field. The planets, in turn, __are circled __ (circle) by their own satellites, or moons.

12. Early inhabitants of this region worship (worship) the sun and the moon. We know this from the
jewelry, sculptures, and other artwork archaeologists have found.

13. Since the beginning of the modern industrial age, many of the natural habitats of plants and animals
_____ have been destroyed ___ (destroy) by industrial development and pollution.

14. The Olympic Games began more than 2,000 years ago in Olympia, a small town in Greece. At that
time, only Greek men_______were allowed ______ (allow) to compete. People of other nationalities were
not invited ___ (invite, not) to participate, and women ____were forbidden___ (forbid) to set foot in the
area where the games _____were being held __ (hold)
1 5. Ever since it has been built (build) three centuries ago, the Taj Mahal in Agra, India, _ has often been
described _ (describe, often) as the most beautiful building in the world. It___it was designed _ (design)
by a Turkish architect, and ___took__ (take) 20,000 workers 20 years to complete it.

16. The photography competition that is taking place at the art museum today_ is being judged _ (judge)
by three well-known photographers. I've entered three of my pictures and have my fingers crossed. The
results __will be announced ___ (announce) later this afternoon.