as you move across a perio

element symbol first ionisation energy kJ mol–1 number of proton is increasi

sodium Na 496 atomic radius and a strong a
energy level ,even if the oute
magnesiumMg 738 theres generally little extra s
aluminium Al 578
silicon Si 789 there is a decrease in the fir
phosphorusP 1012 magnesium because alumin
3p orbital has a slightly high
sulfur Si 1000 average,to be found futher f
chlorine Cl 1251 shielding provided by the 3s
argon Ar 1521 enough to overridetje effect
ionisation energy dropping s

first ionisation energy of period 3 element

1600 reference:
first ionisation energy ( kj mol-1)

1400 -Ritchie.R,Gent.D,2015,A
1200 book
-creative chemistry
1000
https://www.creative-ch
800 inorganic/periodicity/tre
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element
ou move across a period, the ionisation energies also increse beacuse the
ber of proton is increasing, which means a higher nuclear charge,so a smaller
mic radius and a strong attraction .All extra elecrons are a roughly the same
gy level ,even if the outer electron are in differebt orbita types.this means
es generally little extra shielding effect to lessen the attraction from th nucles.

e is a decrease in the first ionisation energy between aluminium and

nesium because aluminiums outer electron is in 3p orbital rather than a 3.The
rbital has a slightly higher energy than the 3s orbital,so the elecron is,on
age,to be found futher from the nucles.The 3p orbital also has additional
ding provided by the 3s^2electrons.Both these factors togther are strong
ugh to overridetje effect of the increased nucler charge,resulting in the
sation energy dropping slightly.

eference:
Ritchie.R,Gent.D,2015,Alevel chemistry for OCR A student
book
creative chemistry
https://www.creative-chemistry.org.uk/alevel/core-
norganic/periodicity/trends6 (Data accessed:7/1/2022)

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