I.

LISTENING (20 points)

Part 1: You will hear part of an interview with StanLevin, a dance critic, about a modern ballet
production involving animals. Choose the best answer to each of the following questions. Write your
answers in the space provided. (10 points)
1. It appears that the function of the dogs in the ballet is to________ .
A. acts as a contrast to the human characters
B. reflect what happens to the human characters
C. symbolise homeless people
D. shows how wild animals behave in a civilised society
2. How does Stan feel about the increasing use of technology in dance?
A. He prefers more traditional approaches to dance. B. He thinks this trend has gone too far.
C. He believes it is creating a new art form. D. He does not approve of it in principle.
3. What aspect of ballet is of greatest interest to audience?
A The way the dogs behave during dance sequences
B. The way the dogs copy the actions of one character.
C. The sight of the dogs in a pack.
D. The way the dogs perform their tricks.
4. What caused the lapse in mood during the performance Stan saw?
A. The inability of dogs and humans to work as a team.
B. The audience’s unwillingness to accept the dogs.
C. The inability of the dogs to concentrate.
D. The behaviour of a member of the audience.
5. What aspect of the performance made the most powerful impression on Stan?
A. The bond between the dogs and the tramp. B. The primitive appearance of the dogs.
C. The implicit potential for violence. D. The aggression shown by the dogs.
Write your answers here:
1. ___________ 2. ___________ 3. ___________ 4. ___________ 5. ___________

Part 2: You will hear a conversation between a client and Home Insurance Policy Research. Fill in
each of the blanks with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/ OR ANUMBER. Write your
answers in the space provided. (10 points)
Home Insurance Policy Search
Type of insurance policy: building and contents insurance

Example: Answer:
Property type: business personal √

Market value: £ (1) _____________________

Year of construction: 1879 ( 2 )_____________________built in 1933
Building security ( alarms, fire prevention, etc.): two (3)______________________
Lock type: five-lever mortice deadlock
Number of rooms: (4) ___________________________
Notable valuables: antique (5) _____________________ (£ 8000)
Previous insurance claims: none

Write your answers here:

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________

II. PHONETICS (5 points)

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Part 1. Choose the word whose stress pattern is different from the other three of the group. Write your
answers in the space provided.
1. A. architecture B. literature C. agriculture D. manufacture
2. A. gazelle B. molest C. sanguine D. indict
Part 2. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently. Write your answers in the
space provided.
3. A. hesitate B. instigate C. saturate D. reinstate
4. A. concerned B. cleaned C. learned D. opened
5. A. niche B. machete C. monarch D. gauche
Write your answers here:

1. ___________ 2. ___________ 3. ___________ 4. ___________ 5. ___________

III. LEXICO – GRAMMAR (50 points)

Part 1. Choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D) to complete each of the following sentences. Write
your answers in the space provided. ( 30 points)
1. ___________, the balcony chairs will be ruined in this weather.
A. Left uncovered B. Having left uncovered
C. Leaving uncovered D. Been left uncovered
2. Eating organically grown food is a clear, intelligent, delicious choice. ___________, finding and
affording only organic food is sometimes tough.
A. Though B. So C. However D. Regarding
3. Considered America’s first great architect, ___________.
A. many of the buildings at Harvard University were designed by Henry Hobson Richardson
B. it was Henry Hobson Richardson who designed many of the buildings at Harvard University
C. Henry Hobson Richardson designed many of the buildings at Harvard University
D. Harvard University has many buildings that were designed by Henry Hobson Richardson.
4. The misunderstanding is thought to have ___________ from an ambiguous article which appeared in
yesterday’s newspaper.
A. stirred B. steered C. strayed D. stemmed
5. He claimed ___________ from military service as he was a foreign national.
A. demobilization B. exception C. exemption D. liability
6. Closure of schools took place ___________ falling numbers of pupils.
A. in the context of B. with regard to C. with a concern for D. in favour of
7. It’s so bad to have a boss who ___________ all the time. It’s quite stressful and uncomfortable.
A. follows your nose B. keeps your temper C. draws your eyes D. breathes down your neck
8. At the moment, his company is on the ___________ of collapse.
A. risk B. horn C. top D. point
9. I was awfully tired. However, I made up my mind to __________myself to the tedious task once again.
A. involve B. absorb C. engross D. apply
10. It was Martin who ___________ the initiative in introducing our guest to the princess.
A. adopted B. took C. led D. pursued
11. The incredible thing about telephone ___________ across the continents, but that you can recognize
the other person's voice.
A. is it provides instant talking to each other B. is it allows people to talk instantly
C. is that people can talk instantly D. is not that people can instantly talk to each other
12. Jack has a collection of ___________.
A. old valuable Japanese postage stamps B. old Japanese valuable postage stamps
C. valuable Japanese old postage stamps D. valuable old Japanese postage stamps
13. To solve this problem, it is advisable ___________.
A. a drastic measure to be adopted B. that a drastic measure be adopted
C. that a drastic measure is adopted D. that a drastic measure to be adopted
14. His English was roughly ___________ with my Greek, so our communication was rather difficult.
A. in the red B. on a par C. out on a limb D. in tune
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15. This insect is ___________, I've never seen anything like that before.
A. out of the way B. out of sight C. off the way D. off the track
16. As a novelist I think Jack London ___________ comparison with the greatest this century.
A. makes B. stands C. leads D. matches
17. If a machine stops moving or working normally, you can say that it has ___________.
A. seized up B. cut off C. gone off D. wiped out
18. Most of the ___________ in this workshop do not work very seriously or productively.
A. sneer and snarl B. bright and breezy C. rank and file D. tooth and nail
19. Local authorities and villagers are concerned about pollution from ___________oil well.
A. maritime B. sea-going C. offshore D. coastline
20. Jane applied for paid leave, but her boss rejected her application ___________.
A. out of hand B. in hand C. off hand D. on hand
21. The altitude ___________ his breathing, making him a bit spaced out and disorientated.
A. played downed B. played havoc with C. played himself in D. played up to
22. These men share a tendency toward balladeering, which ___________ me up the wrong way.
A. bothers B. provokes C. annoys D. rubs
23. Roger Williams was a clergyman, ___________ the colony of Rhode Island, and an outspoken
advocate of religious and political freedom.
A. founded B. the founder of C. the founded D. was the founder of
24. Although the patient received intensive treatment, there was no ___________ improvement in her
condition.
A. decipherable B. legible C. discernible D. intelligible
25. We are going to build a fence around the field with ___________ to breeding sheep and cattle.
A. a goal B. an outlook C. an account D. a view
26. If listening to Mozart's music increases intelligence and encourages ___________, why aren't the
world's smartest and most spiritual people Mozart specialists?"
A. spiritually B. spirituality C. spiritualist D. spiritual
27. My uncle pulled a few ___________ and got me a job in the company where he works.
A. ropes B. strings C. threads D. wires
28. The main cause of the strike was the management’s refusal to give further consideration to the
question of pay ___________.
A. differences B. differentials C. distinctions D. dissimilarities
29. The tennis tournament isn’t over yet, not by a long ___________.
A. talk B. chalk C. walk D. hawk
30. The rumor that his job was in jeopardy caused Peter to ___________ with concern.
A. frown B. beam C. burst D. howl
Write your answers here:

1. ___________ 2. ___________ 3. ___________ 4. ___________ 5. ___________

6. ___________ 7. ___________ 8. ___________ 9. ___________ 10. ___________

11. ___________ 12. ___________ 13. __________ 14. ___________ 15. ___________

16. ___________ 17. ___________ 18. __________ 19. ___________ 20. __________

21. ___________ 22. ___________ 23. __________ 24. ___________ 25. ___________

26. ___________ 27. ___________ 28. __________ 29. ___________ 30. __________

Part 2. Choose the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined part in each of the
following questions. Write your answers in the space provided. (5 points)
1. Jane has such bewitching smile that almost everyone seems to dote on her.
A. exquisite B. hostile C. disgusting D. inscrutable
2. We should tell Peter that the location of the picnic has been changed. Let’s put him in the picture.
A. show him B. take his photo C. explain to him D. inform him
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3. Albert Einstein is lauded as one of the greatest theoretical physicists of all time.
A. dictated B. acclaimed C. described D. ascribed
4. While the British held out on sharing information, it did build the Australian public a consolation
prize, a nuclear reactor at Lucas Heights in Southern Sydney.
A. refused B. accepted C. consented D. acceded
5. The first time I met my friend’s parents, I was walking on eggshells because I knew their political
views were very different from mine.
A. was given many eggs B. had to be very cautious
C. had a lot of pleasure D. was talking nervously
Write your answers here:
1. ____________ 2. ____________ 3. ____________ 4. ____________ 5. ____________

Part 3. Choose the word or phrase that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined part in each of the
following questions. Write your answers in the space provided. (5 points)
1. I have had enough of life in the fast lane, so I'm giving up my executive sales job and moving to the
countryside.
A. an exciting and eventful lifestyle B. a boring and tedious lifestyle
C. a tiring and stressful life D. a happy and comfortable life
2. Unless you get your information from a credible website, you should doubt the veracity of the facts
until you have confirmed them elsewhere.
A. decisiveness B. truthfulness C. inexactness D. unfairness
3. Work efficiency has increased appreciably each year thanks to computers and their ability to
multitask.
A. unstably B. unreliably C. unexpectedly D. marginally
4. My brother is an old hand at fixing household appliances. I'm sure he can help you.
A. a green hand B. a blue hand C. a new hand D. a red hand
5. Adults, particularly older ones or those with a run-down immune system, can also contract shingles
(herpes zoster) from a child with chickenpox.
A. worn-out B. clean-limbed C. uncared-for D. washed-out
Write your answers here:
1. ____________ 2. ____________ 3. ____________ 4. ____________ 5. ____________

Part 4. Choose the underlined word or phrase in each sentence that needs CORRECTING. Write your
answers in the space provided. (10 points)
1. Today the most popular method of pasteurization, called “ flash pasteurization”, involves several steps,
which include heating milk for 15 seconds and then immediately cool it.
A. popular B. called C. include D. cool
2. The antique collector must be able to distinguish real antiques from latter imitations, which can be
either reproductions or fakes.
A. must be able B. which C. latter D. of
3. There was a variable flood of angry phone calls from members of the public complaining about the
new controversial series on TV.
A. variable B. angry C. public D. controversial
4. Not many a person have the ability to combine both a highly successful career and a happy marriage.
A. have B. to combine C. highly D. happy marriage
5. An important factor should be considered is Mr. Lopez's ability to keep the new restaurant going for
several months with limited revenue.
A. should be considered B. ability C. for several D. with limited revenue
6. The European Parliament has called for a humane conference to be convened to discuss how to tackle
the growing crisis.
A. has called for B. humane conference C. convened to D. the growing crisis

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7. From football to fashion, from TV to stage, we name the up and burning stars whose careers are likely
to rocket in the future.
A. to rocket B. up and burning stars C. to stage D. From football to fashion
8. Having urged on by my husband, I applied for the job that I had always dreamt of having.
A. Having urged B. applied for C. that D. dreamt of
9. Severely impoverished persons, by defining, are not capable of producing enough material goods for
themselves and their families.
A. Severely B. by defining C. capable of D. for themselves
10. Although she is 87, her mind is very awake and she is very aware of everything going on around her.
A. she is B. is very awake C. aware of D. around her
Write your answers here:
1. ____________ 2. ____________ 3. ____________ 4. ____________ 5. ____________
6. ____________ 7. ____________ 8. ____________ 9. ____________ 10. ___________

IV. LANGUAGE FUNCTION (5 points).

Choose the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct response to each of the following exchanges.
Write your answers in the space provided.
1. Two students are talking about their friend Tim.
Dave: “Tim has a very easy job. He’s paid a lot of money to do little.”
Justine: “___________”
A. It's the luck of the game. B. It's an incredible piece of luck.
C. Wish him good luck. D. He crossed his fingers for luck.
2. Two students are talking about an upcoming test.
Mary: “The sociology test seems to be very difficult. I am still not confident about my performance this
Friday. I’ve gone through all the materials, though!”
Alexis: “___________”
A. You’ve read all the materials, but it’s OK for you.
B. I have read all the chapters, but I have not studied the notes from the lectures.
C. That is correct! You are doing really well too, Mary!
D. I do not think that is your problem. It is probably a case of anxiety.
3. Allan and Nick are talking in a physics lesson.
Allan: “Do you mind if I use your pocket calculator for a moment?”
Nick: “___________”
A. I’m afraid not. B. Without doubt. C. No, feel free. D. Straight ahead.
4. John is urging his team to finish the project.
John: “We’ll have to hurry if we want to finish this project on time.”
Pete: “___________”
A. OK. But I’ll call you later. B. I’ll say we will.
C. I’m tired. I’ll go home early. D. What a wonderful idea!
5. Daisy is talking to Mike about her trouble.
Daisy: “I feel guilty for what I did to Linda yesterday.”
Mike: “___________ ”
A. Why didn't you and she talk to me before? B. When did that happen?
C. What did you do to make her cry like that? D. How did you feel after you had made her cry?
Write your answers here:
1. ____________ 2. ____________ 3. ____________ 4. ____________ 5. ____________
V. READING COMPREHENSION (60 points)
Part 1. Read the passage then choose the best answer from A, B, C or D to fill in each numbered blank.
Write your answers in the space provided. (20 points)
The new England Forestry Foundation, (NEFF) now has a place it can use to showcase sustainable
forestry. It wasn’t easy and NEFF still needs to (1) ___________ £ 2.2 million to complete the capital
campaign. The Prouty property has been a fixture in the landscape of Littleton for almost a century. In
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2002, Donald Prouty, former Littleton town Moderator and town counsel (2) ___________Landvest was
engaged to sell the property. Recognizing the opportunity to protect a significant tract of forestland within
the rapidly (3) ___________ U.S. Route 495 corridor, Landvest introduced NEFF to the property. After
walking the property and meeting with representatives of the town, NEFF boldly signed a purchase and
sale agreement with the Prouty family. The family generously agreed to a bargain sale price in order to
preserve the property and avoid a likely (4) ___________ war among developers. Valued in (5)
___________of £3 million, the family’s generous offer demonstrated their commitment to conserving the
property. In October 2003, NEFF (6) ___________ financing at a highly competitive rate and purchased
the property. This wonderful community resource was dedicated “Prouty Woods community forest” at a
dedication ceremony in October 2004.
NEFF now provides public (7)___________throughout the property and educational
opportunities at the William A. King Education Center, located at the top of Wilderness Hill. NEFF
continues to manage the land as an active working forest - as Dona and Carey Prouty had done for years.
(8) ___________ from Fay Park to Long Lake, the 107-acre Prouty property is truly unique and
significant tract of woodland within minutes of Route 495. The property includes 1600 feet of frontage on
Long Lake and the top of Wilderness Hill offers expansive views to the west and north including Mount
Monadnock in New Hamshire. The combination of forest, hayfield and riparian zones provide much-
needed habitat for a variety of species. The forest has been under professional forest management for
many years. Walking trails maintained by Littleton Conservation Trust connect to a town-wide system of
walking trails. The town has protected significant acreage at Long Lake Park and along the (9)
___________ of Long Lake across from the Prouty property. The town-owned Morgan property adjoins
to the north. In addition, the town has purchased a conservation restriction on 85 acres of Prouty Woods
Community Forest, further increasing the conservation (10) ___________ of this property.

1. A. escalate B. elevate C. promote D. raise

2. A. gave away B. passed away C. passed off D. gave over
3. A. developing B. devising C. deriving D. decreasing
4. A. bidding B. proposing C. letting D. beating
5. A. extra B. over C. excess D. above
6. A. attacted B. tightened C. secured D. possessed
7. A. passage B. acclaim C. entrance D. access
8. A. Stretching B. Swelling C. Pushing D. Multiplying
9. A. valley B. shore C. verge D. edge
10. A. merit B. value C. prize D. treasure
Write your answers here:
1. ____________ 2. ____________ 3. ____________ 4. ____________ 5. ____________
6. ____________ 7. ____________ 8. ____________ 9. ____________ 10. ___________

Part 2. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer A, B, C or D. Write your answers in the
space provided. (20 points)
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE SEED PLANTS
Seed plants are the foundation of human diets across the world. Many societies eat almost
exclusively vegetarian fare and depend solely on seed plants for their nutritional needs. A few crops (rice,
wheat, and potatoes) dominate the agricultural landscape. Many crops were developed during the
agricultural revolution when human societies made the transition from nomadic hunter-gatherers to
horticulture and agriculture. Cereals, rich in carbohydrates, provide the staple of many human diets.
Beans and nuts supply proteins. Fats are derived from crushed seeds, as is the case for peanut and
rapeseed (canola) oils or fruits such as olives. Livestock, like cows and sheep, also consume large
amounts of crops.
Staple crops are not the only food derived from seed plants. Fruits and vegetables provide
nutrients, vitamins, and fiber. Sugar, to sweeten dishes, is produced from the monocot sugarcane and the
eudicot sugar beet. Drinks are made from infusions of tea leaves, chamomile flowers, crushed coffee
beans, or powdered cocoa beans. Spices come from many different plant parts: saffron and cloves are

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stamens and buds, black pepper and vanilla are seeds, the bark of a bush in the Laurales family - shrubs
and plants with dark green glossy leaves - supplies cinnamon, and the herbs that flavor many dishes come
from dried leaves and fruit, such as the red chili pepper. Additionally, no discussion of seed plant
contribution to human diet would be complete without the mention of alcohol. Fermentation of plant-
derived sugars and starches is used to produce alcoholic beverages in all societies. In some cases, the
beverages are derived from the fermentation of sugars from fruit, as with wines and, in other cases, from
the fermentation of carbohydrates derived from seeds, as with beers.
Seed plants have many other uses, including providing wood as a source of timber for
construction, fuel, and material to build furniture. Most paper is derived from the pulp of coniferous trees.
Fibers of seed plants such as cotton, flax, and hemp are woven into cloth. [A] Textile dyes, such as
indigo, were mostly of plant origin until the advent of synthetic chemical dyes. [B] The medicinal
properties of plants have been known to human societies since ancient times. [C] There are references to
the use of plants’ curative properties in Egyptian, Babylonian, and Chinese writings from 5,000 years ago.
[D]
Biodiversity ensures a resource for new food crops and medicines. Plant life balances ecosystems,
protects watersheds, mitigates erosion, moderates climate and provides shelter for many animal species.
Threats to plant diversity, however, come from many angles. The explosion of the human population,
especially in tropical countries where birth rates are highest and economic development is in full swing, is
leading to human encroachment into forested areas. To feed the larger population, humans need to obtain
arable land, so there is a massive clearing of trees. The need for more energy to power larger cities and
economic growth therein leads to the construction of dams, the consequent flooding of ecosystems, and
increased emissions of pollutants.
The number of plant species becoming extinct is increasing at an alarming rate. Because
ecosystems are in a delicate balance, and seed plants maintain close symbiotic relationships with animals,
the disappearance of a single plant can lead to the extinction of connected animal species. A real and
pressing issue is that many plant species have not yet been cataloged, and so their place in the ecosystem
is unknown. These unknown species are threatened by logging, habitat destruction, and loss of
pollinators. They may become extinct before we have the chance to begin to understand the possible
impacts from their disappearance. Efforts to preserve biodiversity take several lines of action, from
preserving heirloom seeds to barcoding species. Heirloom seeds come from plants that were traditionally
grown in human populations, as opposed to the seeds used for large-scale agricultural production.
Barcoding is a technique in which one or more short gene sequences, taken from a well-characterized
portion of the genome, are used to identify a species through DNA analysis.
1. The word fare in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ___________.
A. meals B. feasts C. fluids D. price
2. According to paragraph 1, which of the following is true?
A. Most societies have vegetarian diets and do not consume meat or fish.
B. Humans started farming after relying on hunting and gathering.
C. Nuts and beans make up an essential part of the human diet.
D. Humans get protein from foods like oil and olives.
3. The word glossy in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ___________.
A. pretty B. fragrant C. shiny D. greasy
4. What does the author say about spices?
A. They are made by infusions of crushed beans, leaves, and flowers.
B. They all come from seeds that are ground down.
C. The majority are from dried leaves and fruit.
D. They are sourced from a variety of parts of the plant.
5. The author mentions all of the following about alcohol EXCEPT ___________.
A. Alcohol is made by the fermentation of sugars and starches from plants
B. Some alcoholic beverages are made with the sugars from fruit
C. Wines are made with fermented fruit sugars
D. Most alcohol is made by fermenting carbohydrates from seeds
6. According to paragraph 3, seed plants are also used for ___________.
A. cutting trees for wood, construction, and building materials
B. creating hemp for paper and chemical synthetic dyes
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 C. developing medicine to cure rare ailments
D. making indigo dyes for textiles
7. According to paragraph 4, how does plant life positively affect the environment?
A. Creates watersheds and controls erosion rates.
B. Creates biodiversity for new food crops and medicines.
C. Provides shelter for and feeds the majority of animal species.
D. Stabilizes ecosystems and moderates the climate.
8. Why does the author talk about “unknown species”?
A. To show that there are many species people do not know about.
B. To emphasize that humans do not fully grasp the impact of their use of plants.
C. To suggest that the planet might be more biodiversity than we know.
D. To imply that we need more biologists studying plant life.
9. According to paragraph 5, how do we identify and catalog organisms?
A. Through barcoding and subsequent DNA analysis.
B. Through advanced DNA analysis.
C. Via a process of barcoding and hi-tech photographs.
D. By preserving heirloom seeds.
10. Where in Paragraph 4 can the following sentence be placed?
“Their use in medicine has only increased as the human population and subsequent demand has grown
significantly, and this is putting a strain on the environment and affecting biodiversity.”
A. In [A] B. In [B] C. In [C] D. In [D]

Write your answers here:

1. ____________ 2. ____________ 3. ____________ 4. ____________ 5. ____________

6. ____________ 7. ____________ 8. ____________ 9. ____________ 10. ___________

Part 3. Read the text and do the tasks that follow. (20 points)
The Reading Passage has seven paragraphs A-G.
For questions 1-6, choose the most suitable heading below for each paragraph, write your answers on
the boxes provided.
List of Headings
i. Gaming in the field of physical theraphy
ii. An unresolved social debate
iii. Creating a game to mirror real-world conditions
iv. The limitations of conventional therapy
v. Disapproving negative assumptions about online gaming
vi. The game world as a social model
vii. The impact of poor physical health on the mind
viii. The key to emotional maturity
ix. Gaming as an academic learning tool
x. Improving patient morale

1. Paragraph A ____________ 4. Paragraph D ____________

2. Paragraph B ____________ 5. Paragraph F ____________
THE 3. Paragraph C ____________ 6. Paragraph G ____________
VALIDITY OF THERAPEUTIC PLAY
A. The debate over the negative and positive impact of video games has been in existence for as long as
the games themselves and shows little sign of reaching a conclusive end. Avocates of gaming
maintain that playing games teaches leadership abilities and time-planning, as well as promoting
teamwork and training participants in transferable life skills such as speed typing and language use.
The opposition contend that overexposure is linked to hyperactive and aggressive behaviors, lack of
interest in other activities, and even has a detrimental effect on quality of sleep. Though this
discussion shows no sign of warning, in all likelihood, video games has become a permanent addition

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 to our society. However, aside from their entertainment value, video games have been found to have
viable applications in certain medical fields; as their significance becomes recognised, they are being
assimilated into courses of treatment and rehabilitative therapy.
B. The therapeutic benefits of video games are becoming gradually apparent; specialists have begun to
see how the possitive reinforcement that players receive from inbuilt game reward systems- such as
levels or ‘loots’- serves as personal motivation and creates a sense of achievement. Developing this
‘fighting spirit’ is crucial to patients who are undergoing difficult or prolonged courses of treatment.
The impact of poor mental well-being on physical condition has long been recognised by the medical
community, and the mental resilience that video games build up is a valuable trait for negotiating the
difficulties of extended therapy.
C. Appreciation of this has led to increasing trend of incorporating video games into courses of therapy
and, in some cases, even using them as a method for delivering the treatment itself. Perhaps, the best
example of this is the use of real-time, movement-controlled video games, known as ‘exergames’ in
the physical rehabilitation of patients recovering from strokes. After a stroke, damage to the central
nervous system often leaves patients with restricted movement in certain parts of the body. Although
this damage can be repaired, the road to recover entails long months of tiring physical therapy and
mental frustration. Nerve damage to the arms is particularly difficult to recover from; many patients
succumb to the natural temptation to perform tasks faster and more easily with their functional ‘ good’
arm, meaning that the afflicted arm doesn’t receive the practice and exercise it needs. Early muscle
activation is the key to a good recovery may be delayed significantly. One of the most effective
techniques for countering is known as CIMT ( Constraint - Induced Movement Therapy). The ‘good’
hand is literally bound, preventing its use, while the affected hand performs everyday repetitive tasks.
While proving to be statistically effective, this high-intensity therapy can be extremely tiring for the
patient, both physically and psychologically, and can usually only be carried out for short periods of
time.
D. Gaming technology is able to ameliorate this. By wrapping the affected hand in a motion-sensory
glove, patients are able to transport their movements into the world of a video games. The key to this
adaptation is the immersive nature of video games; when engaged in game play, patients tired less
quickly and, in fact, estimated their time spent playing at around 75% less than it actually was. Since
the activities in-game require the player to mimic actions such as climbing, pushing, etc, the
movements do not differ vastly from the movements of the conventional therapy- but the mental
stimulation of the video game environment means that patients try harder and for longer without
experiencing the same levels of fatigue or negative emotion.
E. This same immersive nature is the reason that gaming is not only relevant as an active form of
physical rehabilitation, but is also used to help patients with behavioral or social disorders-
particularly children who are still in developmental stages. An estimated 6 in 1000 children are
dignosed with a form of autism, a neurobehavioural disorder which typically manifests itself as
difficulty communicating with or relating to others, overall impairment in social interaction and
repetitive or inflexible behavioral traits.
F. Among these things, children diagnosed with autism find it difficult to understand outside
perspectives or control intense emotions. This leaves them less able to suppress their feelings and
release them in a socially acceptable manner. Involvement in gaming of any form familarises children
with established social behaviors and exposes them to the positive and negative aspects of life in a
controlled environment. This provides a form of ‘ brain training’ which helps regulate mental
impulses in the outside world. Aside from aiding emotional growth, these games boost fundamental
childhood ‘rule’ - such as ‘ being a good loser’, or ‘ taking turns’.
G. At a more complex level, MMOs ( Massively Multiplayer Online Games) can be used to teach peer
cooperation, independent decision making and wide-ranging social interaction. What seperates this
form of online gaming from single-player gaming is the wide pool of social contact and the degree of
communication required to participate. The artificial community which builds up around online games
has proved effective in both attracting and enabling participation from otherwise reticent children
and, to this end, there are even purpose-built game servers where children with autism and other
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 social or learning difficulties can develop and practise their skills in a protected environment. In a
sheltered in-game setting, they are more likely to feel confident about experimenting with their social
abilities, and this practice can then extend to external situations. The structure of the game on these
servers often differs slightly from the regular models so as to better convey learning points such as
respect for the environment, or consequences of actions on others. Most importantly, such
communities reinforce a defined set of social ‘rules’ which are applicable in the non-game world.
Once following these rules online becomes familiar to children, they feel more confident about using
their skills in the real world. This could be as simple as greeting someone new to the game and
making them feel welcome, or as complex as being considerate towards others or expressing
sympathy.
Complete the summary using the list of words, A-I, below. Write the correct letter, A-I, in boxes 7-10.
In paediatric circles, gaming in all forms has been found to contribute to children’s emotional (7)
___________ and to familiarise them with social rules and conventions. In particular, MMOs teach
children to function in a structured social setting which encourages (8) ___________ and cooperation.
Specific servers have been created within existing games as (9) ___________ environments, teaching
social and interactive skills which can then be transferred to the (10) ___________ world.
A.confident D. growth G. situation
B. community E. perspective H. protected
C. effective F. communication I. external
Write your answers here:
1. ____________ 2. ____________ 3. ____________ 4. ____________ 5. ____________
6. ____________ 7. ____________ 8. ____________ 9. ____________ 10. ___________

VI. WRITING (50 points)

Part 1. Choose the option A, B, C or D that has the same meaning as the sentence provided. Write your
answers in the space provided. (5 points)
1. Some people feel that you can't simplify grief by ignoring it, but that instead you just have to
acknowledge it.
A. Even when they are sad, some people are able to suppress their feelings and go through life
normally.
B. According to some, with grief, you should come to terms with it rather than trying to turn away
from it.
C. Being in grief can be a simple matter if you have people around you to sit with you and
acknowledge your feelings.
D. That you have to grieve is an accepted belief by those who have spent time simplifying and
acknowledging it.
2. Developments in the science of genetic engineering may, in the future, lead to the first human being
born without an actual mother or father.
A. It could be possible in the future to make a child without a real mother or father, if the science of
genetic engineering develops uncontrolled.
B. The science of genetic engineering is progressing in a way that no parents will be necessary to
create
a human being in the future.
C. In the years to come, a human being without real parents could possibly be born for the first time,
owing to advances in the field of genetic engineering.
D. The first person in the future born without a genuine mother or father will probably be a result of
the changes in the science of genetic engineering.
3. We can take either the 11.30 or the 11.45 train from Paris to Madrid; the latter is more expensive, yet
it reaches there before the former.
A. Instead of the train that leaves at 11.30 from Paris to Madrid, we should take the 11.45 train, since
it is faster, though a bit more expensive.
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 B. We can take one of two trains to Madrid from Paris, but if we want to get there as quickly as
possible, then the 11.30 will be better for us than the 11.45.
C. Although tickets for the 11.45 train from Paris to Madrid have a higher price than those for the
11.30, that train is much quicker and so we should use it.
D. Of the two options available, the second train to Madrid leaves 15 minutes after the 11.30 and costs
more, but it would get us there from Paris earlier.
4. There were no poor performances, but that of the Russian dancers was certainly the best.
A. The best performances were those of the Russians; some of others were poor.
B. The standard of dancing was high, particularly among the Russians.
C. The Russian dancers were well-worth watching but the others weren’t.
D. They all danced well, but the Russian dancers stood out.
5. Owing to the poor visibility caused by the fog, it took us ten hours, instead of the usual eight, to get to
Istanbul.
A. The light of Istanbul were visible for two hours before we reached the city.
B. Though we ran into a lot of fog on the way to Istanbul, the journey didn’t take much longer than
usual.
C. It took between eight and ten hours to drive to Istanbul, depending on visibility.
D. The fog meant that we reached Istanbul two hours later than normal.
Write your answers here:
1. ____________ 2. ____________ 3. ____________ 4. ____________ 5. ____________

Part 2. Choose the sentence that best combines each pair of the following sentences. Write your
answers in the space provided. (5 points)
1. For an allergic person, a bee-sting can be very serious. It often results in a serve reaction or even death.
A. Allergies to bee-stings usually result in the death of the person stung, but sometimes they survive.
B. Bees can cause extreme allergies in people, some of whom may even die as a result.
C. A person who is allergic to bees might get very ill and can possibly die if stung.
D. It’s hardly possible for one who is allergic to bees to survive a sting
2. The most successful candidates are not always the best educated. They are the best trained in the
technique.
A. The most successful candidates are the best at training in the technique, if not they will need
education.
B. The most successful candidates are people who are trained well in the technique, although well
educated.
C. The most successful candidates are not always the best educated, but the best trained in the
technique.
D. The most successful candidates are not only the best educated but also the best trained in the
technique.
3. I accepted the new job after all. It is making me feel exhausted.
A. If it had not been for my acceptance the new job offer, I wouldn’t have felt exhausted.
B. Perhaps it would have been better if I hadn’t agreed to this new job since it is so boring.
C. It is of deep regret that I didn’t turn down the job offer due to its hardship and long hour work.
D. Perhaps I shouldn’t have accepted this new job, as it’s making me feel exhausted.
4. She received the exam results. She immediately phoned her mom.
A. She immediately phoned her mom that she would receive the exam results.
B. No sooner had she received the exam results than she phoned her mom.
C. No sooner had she phoned her mom than she received the exam results.
D. She received the exam results immediately after she phoned her mom.
5. Our products are environmentally- friendly. We package all of them in recyclable materials.
A. Packing our products in recyclable materials, we made them environmentally - friendly.
B. Our products are packaged in recycled materials to be environmentally-friendly.
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 C. The recyclable package of our products makes them look environmentally-friendly.
D. Packed in recyclable materials, our products are environmentally-friendly.
Write your answers here:
1. ____________ 2. ____________ 3. ____________ 4. ____________ 5. ____________

Part 3. Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the
original one. (10 points)
1. The main speaker spoke with enormous conviction and carried the audience with him.
=> Such ……………………………………………………………………......................................
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2. It’s nobody’s fault that the match was cancelled.
=> Nobody is to ……......................………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3. If nothing unfortunate happens, I’ll see you next week.
=> All …………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. The moment I saw the dirty state of the restaurant kitchen, I no longer felt hungry.
=> I lost ………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5. With eyes filled with tears, she begged him to forgive her.
=> With ………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Part 4. Rewrite the following sentences with the given words in such a way that the second sentence
has the same meaning as the first one. Do not change the form of the word in brackets. Write your
answers in the space provided. (10 points).
1. The young actress was very nervous before the audition. (BUTTERFLIES)
=>………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. Your attitude will have to change if you want to succeed. (LEAF)
=>……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3. Bert’s life seemed to go wrong after his parents died. ( RAILS )
=>……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. I wouldn’t confront the manager if I were you. (HORNS)
=>……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5. They say he began without official permission. ( MOTION)
=>……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Part 5. Essay writing (30 points)
Some people believe that social networking sites are not doing enough to protect users’ privacy.
However, others believe that it is not the responsibility of the sites; instead, users should be more
careful about what they make available online. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or
experience. Write at least 250 words.

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