ANSWER SHEET -4 CLASS – XII [Chemistry] CHAPTER – d & f BLOCK ELEMENTS

VINAY GUPTA –B1 JANAKPURI SHAHGANJ AGRA - 7302699469 , 9412161447,8958541623

Q.1 Four successive members of the first row transition elements are listed below with their atomic
numbers.Which one of them is expected to have the highest third ionization enthalpy?
(a) Vanadium (Z = 23) (b) Chromium (Z = 24) (c) Manganese (Z = 25) (d) Iron (Z = 26)
Ans:- (c) Manganese (Z = 25)
Q.2 Of the following outer electronic configurations of atoms,the highest oxidation state is achieved by
which one of them ?
(a) (n – 1)d3 ns2 (b) (n – 1)d5 ns1 (c) (n – 1)d8 ns2 (d) (n – 1)d5 ns2
Ans:- (d) (n – 1)d ns5 2

Q.3 Zinc and mercury do not show variable valency like d-block elements because
(a) they are soft
(b) their d-shells are complete
(c) they have only two electrons in the outermost subshell
(d) their d-shells are incomplete
Ans:- (b) their d-shells are complete
Q.4 Which of the following is not correct about transition metals?
(a) Their melting and boiling points are high
(b) Their compounds are generally coloured
(c) They can form ionic or covalent compounds
(d) They do not exhibit variable valency
Ans:- (d) They do not exhibit variable valency
Q.5 Which of the following ion(s) is/are oxidising in nature?
(i) V2+(E0 M2+ /M = - 1.18V)
(ii) Mn3+(E0 M3+ /M2+ = +1.57V)
(iii) Cr2+(E0 M2+ /M = - 0.91V)
(a) (i) and (iii) (b) only (ii) (c) (ii) and (iii) (d) only (iii)
Ans:- (b) only (ii)
Q.6 Mark the correct statement(s).
(i) Manganese exhibits +7 oxidation state
(ii) Zinc forms coloured ions
(iii) [CoF6]3– is diamagnetic
(iv) Sc forms +4 oxidation state
(v) Zn exhibits only +2 oxidation state
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (i) and (v) (c) (ii) and (iv) (d) (iii) and (iv)
Ans:- (b) (i) and (v)
(b) (i) Outer electronic configuration of Mn is 3d54s2 and hence exhibits +7 oxidation state.
(ii) Zinc does not form coloured ions as it has completely filled 3d104s7 configuration.
(iii) In [CoF6]3–, Co3+ is a d7 system. Fluoride is a weak field ligand and hence does not cause
pairing of electrons. Paramagnetic
(iv)Sc can form a maximum of +3 oxidation state as it has an outer electronic configuration of
3d14s2.
(v) Zn exhibits only +2 oxidation state as this O.S. is the most stable one.
Q.7 Which of the following statements are correct ?
(i) The maximum oxidation state of Mn with the oxygen is +VII while with fluorine is +IV.
(ii) Fluorine is more oxidizing in nature than oxygen.
(iii) Fluorine exhibit an oxidation state of –1.
(iv) Seven fluorine cannot be accommodated around Mn.
(a) (i), (ii) and (iii) (b) (ii), (iii) and (iv) (c) (i) and (iv) (d) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
Ans:- (d) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
ANSWER SHEET -4 CLASS – XII [Chemistry] CHAPTER – d & f BLOCK ELEMENTS
VINAY GUPTA –B1 JANAKPURI SHAHGANJ AGRA - 7302699469 , 9412161447,8958541623

Q.8 Match the columns

Column-I Column-II
(Ion) (µ calculated)
(A) Ti2+ (p) 2.84
(B) Zn 2+ (q) 5.92
(C) Mn2+ (r) 0
(D) Cr 2+ (s) 4.90
Ans:- (c) A – (p), B – (r), C – (q), D – (s).
Q.9 Which of the 3d series of the transition metals exhibits the largest number of oxidation states and
why?
Ans:- Mn (Z = 25) = 3d5 4s2
Mn has the maximum number of unpaired electrons present in the d-subshell (5 electrons). Hence,
Mn exhibits the largest number of oxidation states, ranging from +2 to +7.
Q.10 The E0(M2+/M) value for copper is positive (+0.34V). What is possibly the reason for this?
Ans:- Now, copper has higher sum of enthalpy of sublimation & IE to convert Cu to Cu2+ than the
hydration energy. Hence, the Eθ(M2+/M) value for copper is positive.
Q.11 Which is a stronger reducing agent Cr2+ or Fe2+ and why?
Ans:- The following reactions are involved when Cr2+ and Fe2+ act as reducing agents.
Cr2+ Cr3+
Fe2+ Fe3+
The value is - 0.41 V and is +0.77 V. This means that Cr2+ can be easily oxidized
to Cr3+, but Fe2+ does not get oxidized to Fe3+ easily. Therefore, Cr2+ is a better reducing agent that
Fe3+.
Q.12 Calculate the 'spin only' magnetic moment of M2+(aq) ion (Z= 27).
Ans:- Z = 27
[Ar] 3d7 4s2
M2+ = [Ar] 3d7
3d7 =
i.e., 3 unpaired electrons
n=3

Q.13 Explain why Cu+ ion is not stable in aqueous solutions?

Ans:- In an aqueous medium, Cu2+ is more stable than Cu+. This is because although energy is required
to remove one electron from Cu+ to Cu2+, high hydration energy of Cu2+ compensates for it.
Therefore, Cu+ ion in an aqueous solution is unstable. It disproportionates to give Cu2+ and Cu.

Q.14 Why are Mn2+compounds more stable than Fe2+ towards oxidation to their +3 state?
Ans:- Electronic configuration of Mn2+is [Ar]18 3d5.
Electronic configuration of Fe2+is [Ar]18 3d6.
It is known that half-filled and fully-filled orbitals are more stable. Therefore, Mn in (+2) state has
a stabled5configuration. This is the reason Mn2+shows resistance to oxidation to Mn3+. Also, Fe2+has
3d6configuration and by losing one electron, its configuration changes to a more stable
3d5configuration. Therefore, Fe2+easily gets oxidized to Fe+3oxidation state.
ANSWER SHEET -4 CLASS – XII [Chemistry] CHAPTER – d & f BLOCK ELEMENTS
VINAY GUPTA –B1 JANAKPURI SHAHGANJ AGRA - 7302699469 , 9412161447,8958541623

Q.15 For M2+/M and M3+/M2+ systems, the values for some metals are as follows:
2+
Cr /Cr -0.9V 3 2+
Cr /Cr -0.4 V Mn2+/Mn -1.2V
3+ 2+
Mn /Mn +1.5 V 2+
Fe /Fe -0.4V Fe3+/Fe2+ +0.8 V
Use this data to comment upon:
(i) The stability of Fe3+in acid solution as compared to that of Cr3+or Mn3+ and
(ii) The ease with which iron can be oxidised as compared to a similar process for either chromium
or manganese metal.
Ans:- (i) The value for Fe3+/Fe2+ is higher than that for Cr3+/Cr2+and lower than that for Mn3+/Mn2+.
So, the reduction of Fe3+to Fe2+is easier than the reduction of Mn3+to Mn2+, but not as easy as the
reduction ofCr3+ to Cr2+. Hence, Fe3+is more stable than Mn3+, but less stable than Cr3+. These
metal ions can be arranged in the increasing order of their stability as: Mn3+< Fe3+< Cr3+
(ii) The reduction potentials for the given pairs increase in the following order.
Mn2+ / Mn < Cr2+ / Cr < Fe2+ /Fe
So, the oxidation of Fe to Fe2+is not as easy as the oxidation of Cr to Cr2+and the oxidation of Mn to
Mn2+. Thus, these metals can be arranged in the increasing order of their ability to get oxidised as:
Fe < Cr < Mn.
Q.16 What is the most stable oxidation state of Ti(Z=22) in aqueous Solution?
Ans:- +4
Q.17 What is meant by disproportionation? Give one example of disproportion reaction in aqueous
solution?
Ans:- In disproportionation reaction, an element under goes oxidation and reduction both
eg. 2Cu+ → Cu + Cu2+
Q.18 Of the d4 series Cr+2 is strongly reducing while Mn (III) is strongly oxidizing.
Ans:- Because Cr is stable in +3 oxidation state (t2g3).On the other hand Mn is more stable in +2 oxidation
state due to half-filled d orbitals.
Q.19 Give examples and suggest reasons for the following features of the transition metal chemistry:
(i) The lowest oxide of transition metal is basic; the highest is amphoteric/acidic.
(ii) A transition metal exhibits highest oxidation state in oxides and fluorides.
(iii) The highest oxidation state is exhibited in oxo-anions of a metal.
Ans- (i) In the lowest oxidation state, ionic bond is formed, less number of electrons are involved.
Oxides donate electrons and behave like a base.
In the highest oxidation state, covalent bond is formed. In high oxidation state more electrons
are involved in bonding. Oxide can gain electron, behave like Lewis acid.
(ii) Because oxygen and fluorine are strong oxidising, highly electronegative element.
(iii)Due to high electro negativity of oxygen & multiple bond forming tendency.
Q.20 The elements of 3d transition series are given as:
Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn
Answer the following:
(i) Write the element which shows maximum number of oxidation states. Give reason.
(ii) Which element has the highest m.p.?
(iii) Which element shows only +3 oxidation state?
(iv) Which element is a strong oxidizing agent in +3 oxidation state and why? (All India)
Ans:- (i) Mn shows, maximum number of oxidation states upto +7. It has the maximum number of
unpaired electrons.
(ii) Cr has the highest melting point.
(iii) Sc shows only +3 oxidation state.
(iv) Mn is a strong oxidizing agent in +3 oxidation state because after reduction it attains +2
oxidation state in which it has the most stable half-filled (d5) configuration.