Acute/Infectious/Communicable - In many people, it's marked by a severe

hacking cough followed by a high-pitched

Diseases intake of breath that sounds like "whoop."
Classified according to: - Before the vaccine was developed,
1. MODE of Transmission whooping cough was considered a
2. RANGE of Seriousness, Effect, Duration, Severity, childhood disease.
and Extent - Deaths associated with whooping cough
are rare but most commonly occur in
A. MODE of Transmission
infants.
1. Airborne Transmission
- That's why it's so important for pregnant
• SEVERE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME
women — and other people who will have
(SARS): CAUSED BY CORONAVIRUS
close contact with an infant — to be
• 774 DIED IN 2002
vaccinated against whooping cough.
• MENIGOCOCCEMIA: CAUSED BY NEISSERIA - Symptoms:
MENINGITIDIS ▪ Once you become infected with
whooping cough, it takes about
seven to 10 days for signs and
symptoms to appear, though it can
sometimes take longer.
▪ They're usually mild at first and
resemble those of a common cold:
• TUBERCULOSIS (MYCOBACTERIUM
▪ Runny nose
TUBERCULOSIS)
▪ Nasal congestion
• ALSO THROUGH DROPLETS
▪ Red, watery eyes
▪ Fever
▪ Cough
▪ After a week or two, signs and
symptoms worsen.
▪ Thick mucus accumulates inside
2. Droplet Transmission your airways, causing
• COMMON COLDS (RHINO VIRUS, CORONA uncontrollable coughing.
VIRUS, ETC.) ▪ Severe and prolonged coughing
attacks may:
➢ Provoke vomiting
➢ Result in a red or blue face
➢ Cause extreme fatigue
➢ End with a high-pitched
"whoop" sound during the
• WHOOPING COUGH (BORDETELLA next breath of air
PERTUSIS) ▪ Many people don't develop the
characteristic whoop.
▪ Sometimes, a persistent hacking
cough is the only sign that an
adolescent or adult has whooping
cough.
• MEASLES (RUBIOLA VIRUS) ▪ Infants may not cough at all.
Instead, they may struggle to
breathe, or they may even
temporarily stop breathing.
- Causes:
▪ Whooping cough is caused by a
type of bacteria called Bordetella
• Whooping Cough
pertussis.
- Whooping cough (pertussis) is a highly
▪ When an infected person coughs
contagious respiratory tract infection.
or sneezes, tiny germ-laden
 droplets are sprayed into the air • ENTEROBIASIS (ENTEROBIUS
and breathed into the lungs of VERMICULARIS)
anyone who happens to be nearby.
• GERMAN MEASLES (RUBELLA VIRUS)
• CHICKENPOX (VARICELLA)
• INFLUENZA (FLU VIRUS)
• POLIOMYELITIS (POLIO VIRUS)
• LEGIONNAIRE’S DISEASE: CAUSED BY
LEGIONELLA PNEUMOPHILA - kung ma remove ang head sa worm, mamatay
• 34 DIED IN 1976 na ang worm
• (WATER DROPLETS)
ANIMAL RESERVOIR TRANSMISSION
• (AIRCON)
3. Intestinal Discharge Transmission • TAENIASIS / PORK OR BEEF TAPEWORM
• CHOLERA (VIBRIO CHOLERA) INFECTION
• DYSENTERY: AMOEBIC (ENTAMOEBA
HISTOLYTICA, BACILLARY OR BACTERIAL
(SHIGELLA DYSENTERIAE)
• TYPHOID FEVER (SALMONELLA TYPHI)
• HEPATITIS A (HAV)
• GIARDIASIS (GIARDIA LAMBIA) • DIHYLLIDIASIS / DOG TAPEWORM
INFECTION

• ASCARIASIS (ASCARIS LUMBRICOIDES) • DIPHYLLOBOTHRIASIS / FISH TAPEWORM

INFECTION

4. Open Sores/Lesion Transmission

Male: curved end
• AIDS : HIV (SEX)
Female: pointed end
Embryonated egg: infectious

• TRICHURIASIS (TRICHURIS TRICHURA)

• HEPATITIS B & HEPATITIS C (SEX)

• CAPILLARIASIS (CAPILLARIA
PHILIPPINENSIS)

• LEPTOSPIROSIS: LEPTOSPIRA INTERROGANS

- naay striations sa cell wall

- peanut-shaped
• GONORRHEA (NEISSERIA GONORRHEA) B. CLASSIFICATION according to
(SEX)
RANGE
• Acute: ACUTE UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT
INFECTION, ACUTE URINARY TRACT
INFECTION, ETC.
• Subacute: SUB-ACUTE BACTERIAL
ENDOCARDITIS (SABE)
• SYPHILLIS (TREPONEMA PALLIDUM) (SEX)
• Chronic: AIDS, TUBERCULOSIS, CANCER,
ETC.

Control/Eliminate PATHOGENS
A. PHYSICAL Methods:
1. Mechanical removal
2. Use of heat
3. Use of radiation
• SMALLPOX (VARIOLA VIRUS)
4. Filtration
5. Desiccation
6. Use of osmotic pressure
B. CHEMICAL Methods
1. Disinfection (except spores)
2. Sterilization (including spores)
5. Vector-Borne Transmission Common Disinfectants
• MOSQUITO: • Phenols
- MALARIA (ANOPHELES SPP.) • Halogens
- DENGUE FEVER (AEDES SPP.) • Alcohol
- YELLOW FEVER (AEDES SPP.) • Surface reactive agents
- FILARIASIS/ELEPHANTIASIS (ANOPHELES • Oxidizing agents
AND MANSONIA SPP.) • Gases
• TICK AND MITE (TYPHUS FEVER) • Aldehydes
• SANDFLY (LEISHMANIASIS) C. Use of DRUGS
• TSE TSE FLY, CONE-NOSED BUG 1. Antibiotics
(TRYPANOSOMIASIS) 2. Antifungal
3. Antiviral
4. Antihelmintics

ASEPSIS - It is the REDUCTION or ELIMINATION of

6. Fomite Borne Transmission
• ANTHRAX ( BACILLUS ANTHRACIS)
• CHICKEN POX (VARICELLA VIRUS)
pathogenic microorganisms in areas where they can
potentially grow and multiply.
Handwashing
- is a vigorous rubbing together of all surfaces
of lathered hands for about 10 to 20 seconds
followed by rinsing under a stream of water.
- most IMPORTANT and BASIC technique
- EASIEST and CHEAPEST form of aseptic
technique
Types of handwashing:
1. Generic
2. Abbreviated

• COMMON COLDS (RHINO VIRUS, CORONA

VIRUS, ETC.)
• INFLUENZA (FLU VIRUS)
• MENINGITIS (NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS)