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SWAMI VIVEKANANDA INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Dakshin Gobindapur, P.S.: Sonarpur, Kolkata – 7000145

Affilated to
MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WEST
BENGAL
(Formaly Known as West Bengal University of Technology)

Continuous Assessment – 2
Full Marks: 25

Name of Student : MEGHA DAS

Department : COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
University Roll No. : 24100123112
Year : 𝟏𝒔𝒕 Semester : 𝟐𝒏𝒅
Name of Subject : Problem Solving With C Programming
Subject Code: ESCS 201 Session : 2023-2024
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TOPIC : ALGORITHM

➢ INTRODUCTION:
• What Is Algorithm?
An algorithm is a set of step-by-step instructions or a
sequence of operations designed to solve a specific problem or
accomplish a particular task. It's a precise method for
performing a computation, data processing, or automated
reasoning. Algorithms can be expressed in various forms, such
as natural language, pseudocode, flowcharts, or programming
languages, and they are fundamental to computer science and
everyday computing tasks. They are used in various
applications, including sorting data, searching for information,
solving mathematical problems, and optimizing processes.
➢ BODY OF REPORT:
• The significance of algorithm in programming
language:
The significance of algorithms in programming languages is
immense.

1. Problem Solving: Algorithms provide a structured approach to

problem-solving. They help programmers break down complex tasks
into smaller, manageable steps, making it easier to design efficient
solutions.
2. Efficiency: Well-designed algorithms can significantly improve the
efficiency of programs. By choosing the right algorithms, programmers
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can reduce the time and resources required to execute tasks, leading to
faster and more responsive software.
3.Maintainability: Well-documented algorithms make code easier to
understand, maintain, and debug. By using established algorithms with
clear descriptions and implementations, programmers can enhance the
readability and maintainability of their codebase.
4. Portability: Algorithms are language-independent, meaning they can
be implemented in various programming languages. This allows
developers to choose the most suitable language for their project while
still benefiting from proven algorithmic solutions.
5. Foundation of Data Structures: Algorithms are closely tied to data
structures, which are fundamental components of programming.
Understanding algorithms is essential for effectively implementing and
manipulating data structures like arrays, linked lists, trees, and graphs.
Overall, algorithms play a crucial role in programming languages by
enabling efficient problem-solving, improving software performance,
and laying the foundation for robust and scalable applications.

• EXAMPLES OF ALGORITHM:
Qus: Write the algorithm of finding the area of
rectangle.

Solution: step 1. Start

Step2: take two number in input l and b.
Step3: area= l*b.
Step4: print the area of rectangle .
Step5: end.
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• Write an algorithm to convert the temperature form

fahrenhite to Celsius.
Solution: step1: start
Step 2: input temperature in fehrenhite.
Step3: Celsius = (fahrenhite – 32)*5/9
Step 4: print the temperature in Celsius.
Step 5: end.
➢ CONCLUSION:
In conclusion, algorithms form the backbone of modern
computing and are integral to solving a wide range of problems
efficiently and effectively. Through this report, we have explored
the significance of algorithms in programming languages,
highlighting their role in problem-solving, efficiency, reusability,
scalability, maintainability, portability, and competitive
advantage.
Furthermore, algorithms are language-
independent and scalable, making them applicable to various
programming languages and adaptable to changing
requirements. Understanding algorithms and their associated
data structures is crucial for developing robust and efficient
software solution.
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TOPIC : FLOWCHART
➢ INTRODUCTION:

• What Is Flowchart?
A flowchart is a graphical representation of a
process or algorithm. It uses standardized symbols and
shapes to depict the sequence of steps, decisions, and
actions involved in completing a task or solving a problem.
Flowcharts are commonly used in various fields, including
computer programming, business process analysis,
engineering, and education.

➢ BODY OF REPORT:

• The different types and representations of flowchart:

Flowcharts consist of different shapes and connectors,
each representing a specific element of the process:

1. Terminal/Start/End: Indicates the beginning or end of

the process. Usually represented by an oval shape.

2. Process/Action: Represents a task or action to be

performed. Typically depicted as a rectangle.

3. Decision: Represents a decision point where the flow of

the process can take different paths based on a condition.
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Represented by a diamond shape, with arrows branching

out to different paths.

4. Input/Output: Represents inputting data into the

process or outputting results from the process. Usually
depicted as a parallelogram.

5. Connector: Connects different parts of the flowchart.

Arrows or lines are used to show the direction of flow
between symbols.
• Significance of flowchart:
Flowcharts provide a visual representation of the sequence
of steps in a process, making it easier to understand,
analyze, and communicate complex procedures. They are
valuable tools for documenting processes, identifying
inefficiencies, designing algorithms, and communicating
ideas to others. Additionally, flowcharts can help in
troubleshooting and debugging procedures by visualizing
the flow of logic and highlighting potential issues.
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• Examples of flowchart:

Qus: Write the flowchart of finding the area of rectangle.

• Write an flowchart to convert the temperature

form fahrenhite to Celsius.
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➢ CONCLUSION:
In conclusion, the flowchart serves as a powerful tool for
visualizing processes, algorithms, and decision-making
workflows across various domains. Throughout this
report, we have explored the significance and utility of
flowcharts in elucidating complex procedures, enhancing
understanding, and facilitating communication.
Moreover, flowcharts play a vital role in
process documentation, aiding in the creation of
procedural manuals, training materials, and standard
operating procedures (SOPs). They serve as valuable tools
for process analysis, enabling organizations to streamline
operations, improve workflow efficiency, and enhance
overall productivity.

➢ REFERENCES
1. Let us c written by Yashavant Kanetkar.
2. Learn c.org.
3. Simplelearn c.com.