INJECTION TECHNIQUES

WHAT IS INJECTION?

 An injection is a way of administering a sterile

liquid form of medication into tissues of the body
beneath the skin, usually using a sharp, hollow
needle or tube.
Types of Injection

 Intradermal Injection
 Subcutaneous Injection (SC)
 Intramuscular Injection (IM)
 Intravenous Injection (IV)
 Intradermal Injection

 The most superficial site is

intradermal, which requires
inserting a needle into the
dermis, the layer of tissue just
below the skin. Absorption of
fluid is very slow from this site.
 Eg : BCG, Allergic Testing
 Subcutaneous Injection (SC)
 Injections that deliver medication into the layer of
fat just under the skin. These can be given with
small, fine needles, and so are only minimally
uncomfortable.

 Subcutaneous injections are often delivered in the

tummy or thigh and are common sites of self-
administration for drugs like insulin
 Intramuscular Injection (IM)

 Intramuscular injections are injections into a

muscle.It is rapid acting drug administration
 The muscles in the arm, such as the deltoid or
in the gluteal region, are common sites of
intramuscular injections . Eg : Vaccines
 Intravenous Injection (IV)

 Intravenous injections deliver medication directly

into a vein. The fastest way to get a drug into a
patient’s system
 Medications given via IV injections are usually
done through a cannula to ensure that medication is
administered into a patent vein and to avoid any
leakage of medication into other tissues.
 The liquid gets mixed with blood and is rapidly
dispersed around the body.
Potential Complications of Injections

 Infection
 Reaction
 Pain
 Administration Error
 Needlestick Injuries
How to Administer an Injection Safely
1. Hand Hygiene
2. Medication Preparation
Medications should be prepared in clean conditions using a no-touch technique
and using sterile, single-use equipment
3. Skin Preparation – Using swab
4. Giving Injection
5. After the Injection
– Disposed syringe in sharp bin
- Watch out for any reactions or side-effects