DIPLOMA IN MECHANICAL

ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
GOVT.POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE PALAKKAD
6023:REFRIGERATION &
AIRCONDITIONING
CRYOGENICS
GAS LIQUEFACTION
 Cryogenic engineering is basically the production of low
temperature & utilization of low temperature.

 The gas liquefaction at low temperature and refrigeration at

low temperature is the most important topic in Cryogenic
engineering
 Why we need to liquify gases..?
 LN2 is used as precoolant in most of the cryogenic systems and also it

is used to provide an inert atmosphere in welding industries

 Cryogens like LOX, LH2 are used in rocket propulsion and in the

recent past LH2 is being considered as a fuel for automobile.

 The transportation of these gases across the world is done in liquid

state.

 Liquified gas can also be used as precoolant for liquefiers and also in

applications where low temperature gases are required.

 For liquefaction of gases, the temperature has to be reduced
up to the boiling point of gas.
Method of production of low temperature
 JOULE –THOMSON EFFECT

 Joule–Thomson effect (also known as the Joule–Kelvin

effect or Kelvin–Joule effect) describes the temperature change of
a real gas or liquid when it is forced through a valve or porous
plug while keeping it insulated.

 This procedure is called a throttling process or Joule–Thomson

process.
 At room temperature, all gases except hydrogen, helium,
and neon cool upon expansion by the Joule–Thomson process
when being throttled through an orifice; these three gases
experience the same effect but only at lower temperatures
THROTTLING
SIMPLE LINDE HAMPSON CYCLE FOR AIR LIQUIFACTION
SIMPLE LINDE HAMPSON CYCLE FOR AIR LIQUIFACTION
THANK YOU..