4As LESSON PLAN

I. Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:
 explain historical and legal foundations of education;
 identify 8 types of law for paralegals;
 elaborate sources of Philippine Educational Jurisprudence; and,
 describe Legal Underpinnings Philippine Education into educational
structure, educational policies and curriculum and instruction.

II. Subject Matter

Topic: Historico-Legal Foundations of Education
Reference/s: The Teaching Profession Module
Learning Materials: Power point presentation, pictures, traditional
instructional materials

III. Lesson Proper

A. Activity (Blow the Job)
 The students will be grouped into four.
 The groups will be given yarn with hanged plastic cups.
 Two members of the group will hold the yarn end-by-end.
 The remaining members will take part in blowing the plastic cups
in each round.
 The first group to finish blowing the cup up to the other end will
have the chance to decipher the idea depicted in the collage
presented on screen.
 If the first group fails to give the correct answer, the second group
can steal the chance.
 Each round is 1 point. Failure to follow instructions will result in a
point deduction.
 The teachers will facilitate the activity and their answers then,
feedback and additional details will be given as well.

B. Analysis
After the activity, the following questions will be asked to the class:
 What were the words you were able to guess?
 How do these words interrelate in terms of education?
 Does studying the history of education still necessary in the present
time?
 C. Abstraction
A. Historical Foundations

1. Global
a. Ancient Period - In the ancient system of education, which primarily took place in
gurukuls orashrams, the students were meant to observe strict discipline. They were meant to
follow.

b. Middle/Medieval Period – it was often conducted by the Church. Very few girls, if any,
were educated at proper institutions, most girls were taught basic reading and writing at their
own homes. The students were taught seven liberal arts; Latin, grammar, rhetoric, logic,
astronomy, philosophy and mathematics.

c. Renaissance Period- the Humanists of the Renaissance created schools to teach their ideas
and wrote books all about education. Education during the Renaissance was mainly
composed of ancient literature and history, as it was thought that the classics provided moral
instruction and an intensive understanding of human behavior.

d. Modern/Contemporary Period- is the implementation of learning activities which draw

uponstudents' experiences, both in and out of the classroom, thus helping them to recognize
that theyare developing specific skills which they perceive to be significant for the world
outside of school. John Amos Comenius is the Father of Modern Education

2. Local
a. Pre-colonial Period- during the pre-colonial period, most children were provided with
solely vocational training, which was supervised by parents, tribal tutors or those assigned for
specific, specialized roles within their communities (for example, the babaylan).

b. Spanish Period- in the Philippines, free access to modern public education was made
possible through the enactment of the Spanish Education Decree of December 20, 1863 by
Queen Isabella II. Primary instruction was made free and the teaching of Spanish was
compulsory.

c. American Period - The students were given free school materials. There were three levels
of education during the American period. The "elementary" level consisted of four primary
years and 3 intermediate years. The "secondary" orhigh school level consisted of four years;
and the third was the "college" or tertiary level. The greatest achievement in the Philippine
was the introduction of the public school system.

d. Post-colonial Period- It is the historical period or state of affairs representing the

aftermath of Western colonialism; the term can also be used to describe the concurrent
project to reclaim and rethink the history and agency of people subordinated under various
forms of imperialism. This is also known as contemporary period.

B. Legal Foundations

1. What is Law?

a. Definition and nature

 Law is the system of rules which a particular country or community recognizes as
regulating the actions of its members and which it may enforce by the imposition of penalties.
In regards to the nature of Law, it is an instrument which regulates human conduct/behavior.
Law means Justice, Morality, Reason, Order, and Righteous from the view point of the
society. Law means Statutes, Acts, Rules, Regulations, Orders, and Ordinances from point of
view of legislature.

b. Typologies
There are many different branches of law including corporate law, property and
taxation law through to media, environmental health and international law. All types of law
have far-reaching effects and help to shape politics, economics and society in numerous
ways.

8 Types of law for paralegals

1. Criminal law
Criminal law concerns itself with finding and punishing people who have broken the
law by committing crimes. The goal of criminal law is to uncover the true perpetrator of a
crime and exact justice. Criminal law includes a wide range of crimes, from homicides to
pirating copyrighted material.

2. Corporate law
Corporate law is the system of criminal justice that makes sure businesses adhere to
local and federal regulations for conducting business legally. Paralegals in this specialty
might work for a single corporation as part of their in-house legal team, or they might work
for a firm that works with many corporate clients.

3. International law
International law governs the interactions between different countries. These laws are
designed to promote trade and to keep all citizens safe. International law often deals with
issues related to preserving the environment, establishing basic human rights and regulating
trade.

4. Commercial law
Commercial law—sometimes called trade law or business law—deals with commerce,
trade and consumer transactions. This broad legal field includes areas like bankruptcy,
contracts, mortgages and real estate, consumer credit and banking.

5. Family law
This type of law handles cases related to family relationships, such as divorce and child
custody, adoption and termination of parental rights. These cases often involve children, and
some surround difficult circumstances, such as child abuse or domestic violence.

6. Constitutional law
This area of law includes any legal proceedings related to upholding or interpreting the
U.S. Constitution. Court cases might surround issues like due process, civil rights or freedom
of speech.

7. Labor law
 Labor laws oversee the relationship between employers and employees. Their goal is to
ensure that employees aren’t taken advantage of by corporations, which typically have more
bargaining power or resources than an individual employee. Labor laws govern issues like
collective bargaining, unionization, benefits dispute and more.

8. Intellectual property law

Intellectual property (IP) refers to intangible creative works or inventions that are
protected by copyrights, trademarks or patents. These laws work to protect creators from
copyright infringement.

2. Sources of Philippine Educational Jurisprudence

a.Constitution - the fundamental and supreme law of the land

b.Statutes - including Acts of Congress, municipal charters, municipal legislation, court

rules,
administrative rules and orders, legislative rules and presidential issuances.

c. Case Law or Jurisprudence – It is a legal system. The word jurisprudence derives from
the
Latin term juris prudentia, which means "the study, knowledge, or science of law.".

d. Regulatory Laws - administrative law is also sometimes called regulatory law. Regulation
is the act of controlling, or a law, rule or order.

e. Ordinance – it is an authoritative order or a rule or law enacted by local government. A

law about parking enacted by local government is an example of an ordinance. A local law,
usually on the municipality level, that, when fully enacted, has the same effect and force as a
statute within that municipality.

f. Legal Opinion - also known as an 'opinion letter', a legal opinion is given in the form of a
letter
issued by a law firm expressing legal conclusions and/or analysis of a specific transaction.
The recipient of the opinion will then rely on its contents as a basis for entering into the
transaction.

g. Resolutions – According to Webster: the act of finding an answer or solution to a conflict,

problem, etc., the act of resolving something or an answer or solution to something.
 The practice of submitting and voting on resolutions is a typical part of business in
Congress, state legislatures, and other public assemblies. These bodies use resolutions
for two purposes. First, resolutions express their consensus on matters of public
policy: lawmakers routinely deliver criticism or support on a broad range of social
issues, legal rights, court opinions, and even decisions by the ExecutiveBranch.
Second, they pass resolutions for internal, ad ministrative purposes. Resolutions are
not laws; they differ fundamentally in their purpose. However, under certain
circumstances resolutions can have the effect of law.

3. Legal Underpinnings Philippine Education

a. Educational Structure - Organization of the Education System and of its Structure. The
educational system is divided into four levels: pre-primary, compulsory (single structure
primary and lower secondary education), upper secondary and higher education. Adult
education is also available and art schools, mainly music schools.

b. Educational Policies- Generally education policies are programs based on decisions by

educational administrators or legislators about how to conduct the education of children and
students seeking higher learning skills. ... Education policy can also refer to the means by
which educational facilities (schools, training centers, etc.)

c. Curriculum and Instruction- is a field within education which pursue to research,

develop, and implement curriculum changes that increase student achievement within and
outside schools. The field focuses on how students learn and the best ways to educate.

D. Application
 With the same grouping, the class will be given pen, paper, and envelope.
 Each envelope contains different activities.
 The group will only be given 5 minutes to do the activity.
 Afterwards, the teacher will choose one representative to present their
answer.
 Scoring will be guided through a rubric.

1. Create a timeline of the global historical foundations of education. Include the status
of education and the contribution of each periods.
2. Create a timeline of the local historical foundations of education. Include the status
of education and the contribution of each periods.
3. Create a graphic organizer showing the legal foundations of education.
4. Illustrate a pyramid and arrange the sources of Philippine educational jurisprudence
based on what you is the most important and the least important. The top part will be
the most important and least part will be written in the bottom of the pyramid.
IV. Evaluation
(Individual Task)
Direction: Reach each question carefully and choose the best answer.
1. It is a law that governs the interactions between different countries
a. Corporate Law
b. Family Law
c. International Law
d. Labor Law
2. It is the fundamental and supreme law of the land
a. Constitution
b. Constitutional Law
c. Ordinance
d. Corporate Law
3. This field focuses on how students learn and the best ways to educate
a. Educational Policies
b. Educational Rules
c. Research and Extension
d. Curriculum and Instruction
4. This refers to the means by which educational facilities (schools, training centers,
etc.)
a. Educational Policies
b. Educational Rules
c. Research and Extension
d. Curriculum and Instruction
5. During this period, the students were taught seven liberal arts; Latin, grammar,
rhetoric, logic, astronomy, philosophy and mathematics.
a. Ancient Period
b. Middle Period
c. Spanish Period
d. American Period

V. Valuing
The following questions will be asked by the teacher:
1. How does education change from ancient period to the contemporary period?
2. Are laws necessary in the field of education?
3. How can the educational jurisprudence improve the quality of education in the
Philippines?

VI. Assignment
Write and essay about the contribution of evolution of education in our
community.