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Iesson 10
Iesson 10
Substance left in
Product at the Product at the
Solution solution at the end
negative electrode positive electrode
of the electrolysis
hydrogen
oxygen
(ii) Suggest why a small amount of dilute acid is added to the water before it is
electrolysed.
(1)
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(c) (i) The overall equation for the decomposition of water is
(ii) The volume of oxygen collected is always slightly less than expected, even though
there are no leaks in the apparatus.
Suggest a reason for this.
(1)
(d) The equation represents the formation of hydrogen gas at the negative electrode.
1 = 9 marks)
(Total for Question 7
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52. The diagram shows the diaphragm cell used in the electrolysis of concentrated
sodium chloride solution, NaCl(aq).
gas A gas B
diaphragm
sodium chloride
solution
solution C
positive negative
electrode electrode
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(c) Sodium is manufactured by the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride, NaCl(l).
Sodium is produced at the negative electrode and chlorine is produced at the
positive electrode.
(i) Why does the sodium chloride have to be molten before it will conduct electricity?
(1)
Na+ + e– o Na
Write the ionic half-equation for the formation of chlorine from chloride ions.
(2)
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3.(b) The student’s teacher uses this apparatus to electrolyse a pure sample of
molten lead(II) bromide.
lamp
heat
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(ii) The student writes this half-equation to show the reaction in which the brown
substance forms.
(iii) Explain why the lamp stops working after the teacher stops heating the
lead(II) bromide.
(1)
3 = 9 marks)
(Total for Question 10
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11
4. The apparatus shown in the diagram can be used to investigate the colours of the
cobalt(II) ion (Co2+) and the chromate ion (CrO42–) in cobalt(II) chromate.
electrode A electrode B
water
cobalt(II) chromate
solution
(a) Explain how the results show that the chromate ion is yellow.
(2)
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(b) (i) Chromate ions in aqueous solution can be converted into dichromate ions (Cr2O72−)
by the addition of hydrogen ions.
Balance the equation that represents this reaction.
(1)
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
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45. A student investigates electrolysis using this apparatus.
potassium chloride
battery
solution
(a) The student electrolyses KCl(aq) and collects samples of any gases formed.
Complete the following diagram to show how to assemble the apparatus.
Label the diagram to show the potassium chloride solution.
(3)
Polarity Equation
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(c) Describe a test to show that the gas collected is hydrogen.
(1)
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
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. . . . . . . . . . . ..................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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