Division of a segment in to equal parts.

perpendicular bisector:
(perpendicular bisector) is the locus of points in the plane equidistant from
two given points.
The perpendicular bisector is the line
perpendicular to the segment that passes through
its midpoint.
1. Draw two arcs with centers A and B, whose
radius is greater than half the distance AB. These
A B
arcs intersect at two points.
2. Join these points and repass it with a black
marker.

3 Division of a segment in equal parts.Thales

theorem
Divide the segment AB in 3 equal parts..
1. Draw a ray anywhere from A.
2
2. Take in this line 3 equal parts with the same
length.
.3. Connect the dots 3 and B.
1 4. Draw the parallels to 3B by 2, and 1.

A B

Divide the segment AB in 5 equal parts.. Divide the segment AB in 4 equal parts..

A B A

Divide the segment AB in 3 equal parts.. Divide the segment AB in 6 equal parts..
A

B
A B
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01 THALES THEOREM
UZ
I.E

3.1.1 1.5.1 DEPT of DRAWING

VISUAL & AUDIOVISUAL ARTS
Date Name: Group Number
2nd ESO
C

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R A V A C
 Draw an equilateral triangle side 4cm. Graphic scale
It lets you increase or decrease the drawing of
an object without having to perform
C
calculations.
Scale:A/B.
The numerator is the measure in the
DRAWING.
The denominator is the measure to REALITY
or measure of the MODEL.
A B

Enlargement scale (3/2) Scale:3/2.

If the ratio is greater than one the final drawing
will be higher than the model.
1. We take the measure of the drawing 3cm
and divide it into the number of parts to
indicate the measure of reality, 2 parts. Each
2cm
part is a unit on my scale, I put as many units
1cm as needed for my drawing.
Repass with black marker, marks and
measures
0 1 2 3 4
30

Reduction scale (2/3) Scale:2/3.

If the ratio is less than one the final drawing
3cm will be less than the model.
1. We take the measure of the drawing 2cm
2cm
and divide it into the number of parts to
1cm indicate the measure of reality, 3 parts. Each
part is a unit on my scale, I put as many units
as needed for my drawing.
Repass with black marker, marks and
0 1 2 3 4
measures
20

Draw the triangle 3/2 scale given in the first exercise. Draw the triangle 2/3 scale given in the first exercise.
Use the graphic scale 3/2 to take measures of this drawing. Use the graphic scale 2/3 to take measures of this drawing.
C

B
A A
B
MARK: NJ
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01 THALES THEOREM
UZ
I.E

3.1.2 1.5.1 DEPT of DRAWING

VISUAL & AUDIOVISUAL ARTS
Date Name: Group Number
2nd ESO
C

__/__/20__ A
R A V A C
 Draw an isosceles triangle known an equal 1. With your compass take a radius equal to
side (AC) and the unequal side (AB). the segment AC, and centered in the A
endpoint of AB trace and arc.
A C 2. Repeat the previus step but centered in the
B endpoint.
.3. Connect the dots A, B and C, and enhance
C
with black ink the result (important) .

A B

Draw an isosceles triangle known the 1. Centered in A' , A and B trace three equal
unequal side (AB) and one of the equal radius arcs. Getting 1' and 2' in angle A'.
angles (A). 2. Using the compass take a radius equal to
2' the length 1' 2'.
3. Using this radius trace two arc centered in
both points 1 and 1'' to find 2 and 2''.
A' 4. Connect the dots A2 and B2'', and enhance
1'
with black ink the result.

2 2''

A 1 1'' B
Draw an scalene triangle known the three 1. Using the compass take a radius equal to
sides. the length A'C' and draw an arc centered in A.
A' C'
C'' 2. Take a radius equal to B'C'' and centered B
B'
C
trace an arc crossing the previus arc on C.

3. Connect A, B and C, afterwards enhance

with black ink the result.

A B
Draw an scalene triangle given two sides and an 1. Centered in B' , B trace two equal radius
angle.
arcs. Getting 1' and 2' in angle B'.
A' C' 2. Using the compass take a radius equal to
2'
the length 1' 2' next trace arc centered in 1 to
find 2.
1' 3. Trace a ray through B and 2.
B'
C
4. Taking the radius A'C' draw and arc
centered in A crossing the previus ray in C.
5. Connect A, B and C and enhance with black
2 ink the result.

A 1 B
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03 TRIANGLES
UZ
I.E

3.2.1 1.5.1 DEPT of DRAWING

VISUAL & AUDIOVISUAL ARTS
Date Name: Group Number
2nd ESO
C

__/__/20__ A
R A V A C
 Find out the circumcenter of the triangle. CIRCUMCENTER:The point where the three
C perpendicular bisectors of a triangle meet.
1. Draw the perpendicular bisector of side AB .
2. Draw the perpendicular bisector of side BC.
.3. Where all three lines intersect is the center
of the circle passing through the three vertices.
O enhance with black ink the result.

A B

Find out the incenter of the triangle. INCENTER:The point where the three angle
bisectors of a triangle meet.
C 1. Draw the bisector of angle A .
2. Draw bisector of angle B.
.3. Where all three lines intersect is the center
of the circle inscribed in the triangle.
4. Using the set square, trace the AB
O perpendicular line through the centre O and
draw the inscribed circle. Enhance with black
ink the result.

A B
Find out the centroid of the triangle CENTROID: The point where the three
C medians (line that connect the midpoint of a
side with the opposite vertex) of the triangle
intersect. Besides is the center of gravity of
the triangle.
1. Using the perpendicular bisector find out the
M'
midpoint M from side AB.
2. Find out the midpoint M' from side BC.
.3. Connect A M' and C M.
4. Where all three lines intersect (O) is the
A B centroid of the triangle. Enhance with black ink
M
the result.

Draw the, incenter, circumcenfer and centroid of the

equilateral triangle.

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04 CENTRES OF TRIANGLES
UZ
I.E

3.3.1 1.5.1 DEPT of DRAWING

VISUAL & AUDIOVISUAL ARTS
Date Name: Group Number
2nd ESO
C

__/__/20__ A
R A V A C
 Draw a right triangle known a leg (AB) and the 1. From A trace a perpendicular ray to AB.
hypotenuse (CB).
2. Using the compass take the length C'B' and
centered in B trace an arc crossing the
C' B' perpendicular ray..
C .3. Connect A, B and C and enhance with black
in the result.

A B

Draw a right triangle known a leg and the Draw a right triangle known a leg and the
hypotenuse hypotenuse

C' C B'
B' C'

A A B

Draw a right triangle known a leg and an angle 1. From A trace a perpendicular ray to AB.
2. Copy the angle B' in B and extend the ray to
find out C. Enhance with black ink the result.
.

C B'

A B

Draw a right triangle known the hypotenuse AB and 1. Using the perpendicular bisector of AB to
an angle A.
find its midpoint trace a semicircle. .
C
2. Copy the angle B' in B and extend the ray to
find out C. Enhance with black ink the result.
B'
.

A B

MARK: NJ
UAN DE L
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I.E.S. San Juan de la Cruz
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CR
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05 RIGHT TRIANGLES
UZ
I.E

3.4.1 1.5.1 DEPT of DRAWING

VISUAL & AUDIOVISUAL ARTS
Date Name: Group Number
2nd ESO
C

__/__/20__ A
R A V A C
 Draw a square kown the diagonal. 1. Trace the perpendicular bisector of AC
D
segment, finding out the point O.
2. Draw the circle centered in O through A and
C, which crosses the perpendicular bisector in
B, D points.
.3. Connect A, B, C, D, and enhance with black
A C
ink the result.
O

B
Draw a rectangle known a side and the diagonal. 1. Trace the perpendicular bisector of AC
A' B' B
segment, finding out the point O.
2. Draw the circle centered in O through A and
C.
.3. Using the compass copy the lenght A'B' and
use this radius to draw two arcs centered in A
on the uppperside and centered in C on the
O C
A underside, finding out B and D.
4. Connect A, B, C, D, and enhance with black
ink the result.

C
Draw a rhombus given the side and a diagonal. 1. Use the compass to copy the lenght A'B'
A' B'
and use this radius to draw two arcs centered
B in A and C finding out B and D.
2. Connect A, B, C, D and enhance with black
ink the result.
.
A C

Draw a rhomboid given two sides and the altitude. 1. Trace a perpendicular line through B.
h 2. Use the compass to copy the lenght h and
A' D' centered in B trace and arc finding out the
point H
D H 3. Trace a parallel line to AB through H.
C
.4
4.. Use the compass to copy the lenght A'D'
and use this radius to draw two arcs centered
in A and B finding out C and D.
5. Connect A, B, C, D and enhance with black
ink the result.
.
A B

MARK: NJ
UAN DE L
A
I.E.S. San Juan de la Cruz
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CR
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06 PARALLELOGRAMS
UZ
I.E

3.5.1 1.5.1 DEPT of DRAWING

VISUAL & AUDIOVISUAL ARTS
Date Name: Group Number
2nd ESO
C

__/__/20__ A
R A V A C
 Draw a square known side. 1. Trace two perpendicular lines through 1 and
4
2.
3
2. Use the compass to copy the lenght 1-2 and
centered in 1 and 2 trace two arcs finding out
the points 3 and 4.
4. Connect 1, 2, 3, 4 and enhance with black
.ink the result.
.

1 2

Draw a pentagon known side 1. Trace the perpendicular bisector of 1-2

4
5 F
1 M
Draw a hexagon known side
5 4
O
6 3
1 2
segment finding out the midpoint M. Extend
the given side.
2. Through the endpoint 2 trace a perpendicular
3. With center on the point 2 and radius equal to
3 1-2 trace an arc that meets the perpendicular
line traced in F.
4. With center in the midpoint M and radius MF
trace an arc that cuts the segment's extension
in G point.
5. With center in vertex 1 and radius 1G trace an
arc that meets the perpendicular bisector traced
in point 4. And 3 on extension of the arc 1F.
2 6. With radius equal to 1-2 trace arcs with
G center in 1, 2 and 4 to obtain vertices 3 and 5.
7 Connect the five vertices and enhance the
result.
1. With radius equal to the given side trace to
arcs centered in both endpoints that intersect
in O, extend both arcs.
2. With center in O and a radius equal to the
given side trace a circle through both given
end points finding out 3 and 6 point in the
intersections of the circle with arcs traced
previously.
previously..
3. With center in 3 and using the same radius
.trace an arc that meet the circle in point 4.
4. With center in 6 and using the same radius
trace an arc that meet the circle in point 5.
5. Connect 1,2,3,4,5,6 and enhance with black
ink the result.
.

MARK: NJ
UAN DE L
A
I.E.S. San Juan de la Cruz
SA
CR
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07 POLYGONS
UZ
I.E

3.6.2 1.5.1 DEPT of DRAWING

VISUAL & AUDIOVISUAL ARTS
Date Name: Group Number
2nd ESO
C

__/__/20__ A
R A V A C
 Joining point with circumference arcs tangent to each others 6
O5
1
O1

O3 5
2 4
3

O2 O4

Joining point with circumference arcs tangent Tangent lines to a circle through an outer point.
to each others 1.Join the center of the circle O with the given
1.Join all the points given using straight lines. point A and trace the perpendicular bisector of
2. Trace the perpendicular bisector of segment this segment in order to find out its midpoint M.
2-3. 2. Centered in M and radius M-O2, trace and
3. Extend the segment 1-2 crossing the arc that meet the circle in point T1 and T2.
perpendicular bisector in O2. 3. Connect the point A with T1 and T2 and
4. Centered in O2 trace the arc 2-3. enhance with black in the result.
5. Trace the perpendicular bisector of
segment 3-4.
6. Join the points O2 and 3, them extend the
this segment to cross the perpendicular
bisector of 3-4 in O3.
7 Centered in O3 trace the arc 3-4.
8 Repeat this process and trace the arcs 4-5
and 5-6.

Tangent lines to a circle through an outer point.

T1

A M O

T2
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08 TANGENTS
UZ
I.E

3.7.1 - 3.7.2 - 1.5.1 DEPT of DRAWING

VISUAL & AUDIOVISUAL ARTS
Date Name: Group Number
2nd ESO
C

__/__/20__ A
R A V A C
 Oval construction given the major axis 1. Divide the major axis into three equal
portions. The two points that set the division
are two centers for two of the oval's arcs
T1 O3 T2
2. With center in O1 and O2 trace two circles
with a radius equal to one third of the major
axis.The intersections of both circles are O3
and O4
3. Conect O3 and O4 with O1 and O2, the
points in which these lines meet both
A O1 O2 B
circumferences are the tangency points of both
of them with the other two arcs
4. With centers in O3 and O4 and radius to the
tangency points trace the arcs that complete
O4 T3 the oval.
T4

Egg construction given the minor axis 1. Display hotizontally

horizontally the given axis, trace its
perpendicular bisector and with center in the
T2 T1 minor axis middle point trace a circle with a
diameter equal to the given axis obtaining in
both diameters the three centers for the egg's
O3
arcs
2. With centers in the minor axis endpoints
trace two arcs with a radius equal to the full
minor axis.
3. Connect O1 and O2 with O3 and extend to
obtaining over the arcs the tangency points.
O1
O2 4. With center in O3 and radius O3-T1 trace
the necesary arc to complete the egg.

Plottin a spiral of three center taken the step 1.We extend each side by one end..
2. Centered at 1 and radius 1-3 trace a short
1b
arc that intersects the line 1-2 in point 1a..
3. Centered at 2 and radius 1a, trace an arc
that intersects the line 2-3 in point 2a.
4. Centered at 3 and radius 3-2a, trace an arc
1a
that intersects the line 1-3 in point 3a.
5. Centered at 1, again, and radius 1-3a, trace
1 an arc that intersects the line 1-3 in point 1b. .
2b 2a 6. Centered at 2, again, and radius 2-1b, trace
2 3 an arc that intersects the line 2-3 in point 2b. .

3a

MARK: NJ
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SA
CR
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09 OVALS - EGGS - SPIRALS

UZ

3.8.1-3.9.1-3.10.1-1.5.1
I.E

DEPT of DRAWING
VISUAL & AUDIOVISUAL ARTS
Date Name: Group Number
2nd ESO
C

__/__/20__ A
R A V A C
MARK: NJ
UAN DE L
A
I.E.S. San Juan de la Cruz
SA
CR
.
.S

10 ISOMETRIC PROJECTION
UZ

3.11.1 1.5.1
I.E

DEPT of DRAWING
VISUAL & AUDIOVISUAL ARTS
Date Name: Group Number
2nd ESO
C

__/__/20__ A
R A V A C
MARK: NJ
UAN DE L
A
I.E.S. San Juan de la Cruz
SA
CR
.
.S

11 MULTIVIEW PROJECTIONS
UZ

3.12.1 1.5.1
I.E

DEPT of DRAWING
VISUAL & AUDIOVISUAL ARTS
Date Name: Group Number
2nd ESO
C

__/__/20__ A
R A V A C
MARK: NJ
UAN DE L
A
I.E.S. San Juan de la Cruz
SA
CR
.
.S

12 ISOMETRIC PROJECTION
UZ

3.13.1 1.5.1
I.E

DEPT of DRAWING
VISUAL & AUDIOVISUAL ARTS
Date Name: Group Number
2nd ESO
C

__/__/20__ A
R A V A C
 Z

Y X

Y X

Y X

MARK: NJ
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SA
CR
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.S

13 ISOMETRIC PROJECTION
UZ

3.13.1 1.5.1
I.E

DEPT of DRAWING
VISUAL & AUDIOVISUAL ARTS
Date Name: Group Number
2nd ESO
C

__/__/20__ A
R A V A C
MARK: NJ
UAN DE L
A
I.E.S. San Juan de la Cruz
SA
CR
.
.S

14 ISOMETRIC PROJECTION
UZ

3.13.1 1.5.1
I.E

DEPT of DRAWING
VISUAL & AUDIOVISUAL ARTS
Date Name: Group Number
2nd ESO
C

__/__/20__ A
R A V A C
MARK: NJ
UAN DE L
A
I.E.S. San Juan de la Cruz
SA
CR
.
.S

16 MULTIVIEW PROJECTIONS
UZ

3.12.1 1.5.1
I.E

DEPT of DRAWING
VISUAL & AUDIOVISUAL ARTS
Date Name: Group Number
2nd ESO
C

__/__/20__ A
R A V A C
 Z

Y X

Y X

Y X

MARK: NJ
UAN DE L
A
I.E.S. San Juan de la Cruz
SA
CR
.
.S

16 ISOMETRIC PROJECTION
UZ

3.13.1 1.5.1
I.E

DEPT of DRAWING
VISUAL & AUDIOVISUAL ARTS
Date Name: Group Number
2nd ESO
C

__/__/20__ A
R A V A C