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47 MCQ Questions & Answers with Explanations

IPv6

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1. What is the primary reason for the development of IPv6?

- A. IPv4 ran out of available addresses.
- B. Improved security features.
- C. Enhanced routing protocols.
- D. Increased data transfer speed.

Answer: A
- Explanation: IPv6 was developed primarily because IPv4 was running out of available IP
addresses due to the rapid growth of the internet and connected devices.

2. How many bits are in an IPv6 address?

- A. 16 bits
- B. 32 bits
- C. 64 bits
- D. 128 bits

Answer: D
- Explanation: An IPv6 address is composed of 128 bits, providing a vastly larger address
space compared to IPv4's 32 bits.

3. Which of the following is not a characteristic of IPv6?

- A. Improved security features
- B. Automatic address configuration (SLAAC)
- C. NAT (Network Address Translation)
- D. Simplified header format

Answer: C
- Explanation: Unlike IPv4, IPv6 does not rely on NAT to conserve address space. Instead, it
provides a much larger address space, eliminating the need for NAT in many cases.

4. What is the loopback address in IPv6?

- A. ::1
- B. 127.0.0.1
- C. 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1
- D. 0.0.0.0

Answer: A
- Explanation: In IPv6, the loopback address is represented as ::1, equivalent to 127.0.0.1 in
IPv4.

5. Which IPv6 address type is used for communication within the same subnet?

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- A. Unicast
- B. Anycast
- C. Multicast
- D. Broadcast

Answer: A
- Explanation: Unicast addresses are used for one-to-one communication within the same
subnet.

6. What is the purpose of an Anycast address in IPv6?

- A. Broadcasts data to all devices in a subnet.
- B. Delivers data to the nearest device within a group.
- C. Provides a unique identifier for a specific device.
- D. Resolves domain names to IP addresses.

Answer: B
- Explanation: Anycast addresses are used to deliver data to the nearest device within a
group of devices offering the same service.

7. Which IPv6 address type is used for one-to-many communication?

- A. Unicast
- B. Anycast
- C. Multicast
- D. Broadcast

Answer: C
- Explanation: Multicast addresses are used for one-to-many communication, allowing data
to be sent to a specific group of devices.

8. How does IPv6 handle address autoconfiguration for hosts on a network?

- A. It uses DHCPv6 for address assignment.
- B. Hosts must manually configure their addresses.
- C. It uses Stateless Address Autoconfiguration (SLAAC).
- D. Routers assign addresses to all devices.

Answer: C
- Explanation: IPv6 uses Stateless Address Autoconfiguration (SLAAC) to allow hosts to
automatically configure their IPv6 addresses based on the network prefix provided by the
router.

9. What is the representation of an IPv6 address that has leading zeroes?

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- A. 2001:0db8::1
- B. 2001:db8::1
- C. 2001:0db8:0:0::1
- D. 2001:0db8:1

Answer: A
- Explanation: Leading zeroes in each block can be omitted in IPv6 addresses, but not for the
entire address.

10. Which protocol resolves domain names to IPv6 addresses?

- A. DNS (Domain Name System)
- B. DHCPv6 (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6)
- C. ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)
- D. ICMPv6 (Internet Control Message Protocol for IPv6)

Answer: A
- Explanation: The DNS (Domain Name System) resolves domain names to IPv6 addresses,
just as it does for IPv4.

11. What is the purpose of ICMPv6 in IPv6 networks?

- A. To translate IPv6 addresses to IPv4 addresses.
- B. To provide automatic configuration for hosts.
- C. To manage multicast group membership.
- D. To exchange error and information messages.

Answer: D
- Explanation: ICMPv6 is used in IPv6 networks to exchange error and information messages,
such as Neighbor Discovery and Router Advertisement.

12. Which of the following is not a valid IPv6 address format?

- A. 2001:0db8::1
- B. 3ffe:1900:4545:3:200:f8ff:fe21:67cf
- C. ::1:2:3:4:5:6
- D. 2001:0db8:0:0:0::1

Answer: C
- Explanation: The double colons (::) can only be used once in an IPv6 address to represent
consecutive blocks of zeroes. In option C, there are multiple double colons, which is not a
valid format.

13. What is the link-local scope of an IPv6 address?

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- A. Communication within the same subnet

- B. Communication within the same organization
- C. Communication within the same data center
- D. Communication on the global internet

Answer: A
- Explanation: Link-local addresses are used for communication within the same subnet or
link.

14. Which of the following IPv6 address types is used for all nodes on the same link to
communicate with each other simultaneously?
- A. Unicast
- B. Anycast
- C. Multicast
- D. Broadcast

Answer: C
- Explanation: Multicast addresses allow all nodes on the same link to communicate with
each other simultaneously.

15. In IPv6, what is the equivalent of the private address space (e.g., 192.168.0.0/16) in
IPv4?
- A. Link-local addresses
- B. Unique local addresses
- C. Global unicast addresses
- D. Any IPv6 address can be private.

Answer: B
- Explanation: Unique local addresses (ULA) in IPv6 are equivalent to

the private address space in IPv4.

16. What is the purpose of the IPv6 Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP)?
- A. To map IP addresses to MAC addresses
- B. To discover neighboring routers
- C. To configure IPv6 addresses
- D. To perform network address translation

Answer: A
- Explanation: IPv6 NDP is used to map IPv6 addresses to MAC addresses for devices on the
same link.

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17. Which of the following is an IPv6 routing protocol?

- A. OSPF (Open Shortest Path First)
- B. HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
- C. DNS (Domain Name System)
- D. SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)

Answer: A
- Explanation: OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) is a routing protocol used in IPv6 networks to
exchange routing information.

18. Which IPv6 extension header is used for authentication and integrity checking of the
packet?
- A. Hop-by-Hop Options Header
- B. Routing Header
- C. Authentication Header (AH)
- D. Encapsulating Security Payload Header (ESP)

Answer: C
- Explanation: The Authentication Header (AH) in IPv6 is used for authentication and
integrity checking.

19. What is the purpose of the Flow Label field in IPv6 headers?
- A. To identify the source of the packet
- B. To differentiate packets that belong to the same flow
- C. To specify the time-to-live (TTL) of the packet
- D. To indicate the type of service (ToS) of the packet

Answer: B
- Explanation: The Flow Label field is used to differentiate packets that belong to the same
flow or traffic class.

20. Which transition mechanism allows IPv6 and IPv4 to coexist on the same network?
- A. Dual-stack
- B. NAT64
- C. Teredo
- D. 6to4

Answer: A
- Explanation: Dual-stack is a transition mechanism that allows both IPv6 and IPv4 to coexist
on the same network, enabling a gradual migration to IPv6 while still supporting IPv4.

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21. Which of the following is a valid IPv6 address format?

- A. 2001::1::2
- B. 2001:0db8:abcd:1234::1
- C. 2001:::1
- D. 2001:0db8::1

Answer: D
- Explanation: Option D represents a valid IPv6 address format, where double colons (::) are
used to compress consecutive blocks of zeroes.

22. What is the purpose of the ICMPv6 Neighbor Discovery Protocol?

- A. To discover neighboring devices on the same subnet
- B. To resolve domain names to IP addresses
- C. To exchange routing information between routers
- D. To provide encryption for IPv6 traffic

Answer: A
- Explanation: ICMPv6 Neighbor Discovery is used to discover neighboring devices on the
same subnet and map IP addresses to MAC addresses.

23. Which IPv6 address scope is used for communication within an organization or site?
- A. Link-local
- B. Site-local
- C. Global unicast
- D. Anycast

Answer: B
- Explanation: Site-local addresses are used for communication within an organization or
site.

24. In IPv6, what is the primary method for assigning IP addresses to hosts on a network?
- A. DHCPv6 (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6)
- B. Manual configuration
- C. Stateless Address Autoconfiguration (SLAAC)
- D. ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)

Answer: C
- Explanation: Stateless Address Autoconfiguration (SLAAC) is the primary method for
automatically assigning IPv6 addresses to hosts.

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25. Which of the following is not a valid IPv6 address type?

- A. Unicast
- B. Multicast
- C. Broadcast
- D. Anycast

Answer: C
- Explanation: IPv6 does not use the broadcast address type, as IPv4 does.

26. What is the loopback address in IPv6?

- A. 127.0.0.1
- B. 192.168.0.1
- C. ::1
- D. 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1

Answer: C
- Explanation: The loopback address in IPv6 is represented as ::1, similar to 127.0.0.1 in IPv4.

27. Which extension header in IPv6 allows for the inclusion of routing information?
- A. Hop-by-Hop Options Header
- B. Destination Options Header
- C. Routing Header
- D. Fragmentation Header

Answer: C
- Explanation: The Routing Header in IPv6 allows for the inclusion of routing information.

28. Which transition mechanism enables IPv6 traffic to traverse an IPv4 network with the
help of NAT64?
- A. Dual-stack
- B. Teredo
- C. 6to4
- D. NAT-PT

Answer: D
- Explanation: NAT-PT (Network Address Translation - Protocol Translation) is a transition
mechanism that enables IPv6 traffic to traverse an IPv4 network with NAT64 translation.

29. What is the equivalent of a public IP address in IPv6?

- A. Global unicast address
- B. Unique local address

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- C. Link-local address
- D. Site-local address

Answer: A
- Explanation: Global unicast addresses in IPv6 are the equivalent of public IP addresses in
IPv4.

30. Which extension header is used to specify the time-to-live (TTL) for an IPv6 packet?
- A. Hop-by-Hop Options Header
- B. Destination Options Header
- C. Routing Header
- D. Hop Count Header

Answer: A
- Explanation: The Hop-by-Hop Options Header can be used to specify the TTL for an IPv6
packet.

31. What is the purpose of the Destination Options Header in IPv6?

- A. To specify the destination MAC address
- B. To include optional information about the packet's destination
- C. To indicate the packet's source address
- D. To encapsulate the payload of the packet

Answer: B
- Explanation: The Destination Options Header is used to include optional information about
the packet's destination.

32. Which of the following IPv6 address types is used to represent a group of devices with
a common interest?
- A. Unicast
- B. Anycast
- C. Multicast
- D. Broadcast

Answer: C
- Explanation: Multicast addresses are used to represent a group of devices with a common
interest or to enable one-to-many communication.

33. What is the equivalent of a private IP address range (e.g., 192.168.0.0/16) in IPv6?
- A. Unique local address (ULA)
- B. Global unicast address

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- C. Link-local address
- D. Any IPv6 address can be private.

Answer: A
- Explanation: Unique local addresses (ULA) in IPv6 are the equivalent of private IP address
ranges in IPv4.

34. Which IPv6 extension header is used for encapsulating and encrypting the payload of a
packet?
- A. Hop-by-Hop Options Header
- B. Destination Options Header
- C. Authentication Header (AH)
- D. Encapsulating Security Payload Header (ESP)

Answer: D
- Explanation: The Encapsulating Security Payload Header (ESP) is used for encapsulating
and encrypting the payload of an IPv6 packet.

35. In IPv6, what is the maximum number of subnets that can be created with a /48
prefix?
- A. 64
- B. 256
- C. 512
- D. 1024

Answer: B
- Explanation: With a /48 prefix, you can create a maximum of 256 (2^8) subnets.

36. What is the IPv6 address range reserved for documentation and examples?
- A. 2001:0db8::/32
- B. 192.0.2.0/24
- C. fc00::/7
- D. 2001:db8::/32

Answer: D
- Explanation: The IPv6 address range 2001:db8::/32 is reserved for documentation and
examples.

37. Which IPv6 address is used for all nodes on a network segment to communicate with
each other simultaneously?
- A. Unicast

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- B. Anycast
- C. Multicast
- D. Broadcast

Answer: C
- Explanation: Multicast addresses allow all nodes on the same network segment to
communicate with each other simultaneously.

38. What is the size of the IPv6 address space compared to IPv4?
- A. Smaller
- B. Equal
- C. 4 times larger
- D. 16 times larger

Answer: D
- Explanation: The IPv6 address space is 16 times larger than the IPv4 address space.

39. Which ICMPv6 message type is used to verify the reachability of a neighbor?
- A. Router Advertisement
- B. Neighbor Solicitation
- C. Neighbor Advertisement
- D. Router Solicitation

Answer: B
- Explanation: Neighbor Solicitation messages are used to verify the reachability of a
neighbor in IPv6.

40. Which extension header in IPv6 provides information about the routing of a packet
through a network?
- A. Hop-by-Hop Options Header
- B. Destination Options Header
- C. Routing Header
- D. Fragmentation Header

Answer: C
- Explanation: The Routing Header in IPv6 provides information about the routing of a
packet through a network.
41. Which of the following is not a valid IPv6 address scope?
- A. Link-local
- B. Site-local
- C. Global unicast

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- D. Regional

Answer: D
- Explanation: Regional is not a valid IPv6 address scope. The correct scopes are Link-local,
Site-local, and Global unicast.

42. Which IPv6 transition mechanism allows IPv6 packets to be encapsulated within IPv4
packets for routing over an IPv4 network?
- A. Dual-stack
- B. 6to4
- C. NAT64
- D. Teredo

Answer: B
- Explanation: 6to4 is an IPv6 transition mechanism that allows IPv6 packets to be
encapsulated within IPv4 packets for routing over an IPv4 network.

43. In IPv6, what is the purpose of the Unique Local Address (ULA) prefix?
- A. Public address for internet communication
- B. Private address for internal network communication
- C. Temporary address for stateless autoconfiguration
- D. Anycast address for load balancing

Answer: B
- Explanation: The Unique Local Address (ULA) prefix is used for creating private addresses
for internal network communication.

44. What is the maximum number of IPv6 subnets that can be created with a /56 prefix?
- A. 64
- B. 256
- C. 512
- D. 4096

Answer: D
- Explanation: With a /56 prefix, you can create a maximum of 4096 (2^12) subnets.

45. Which protocol is used to configure IPv6 addresses and other parameters on a host
automatically without the need for a DHCP server?
- A. DHCPv6
- B. SLAAC
- C. ARP

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- D. ICMPv6

Answer: B
- Explanation: Stateless Address Autoconfiguration (SLAAC) is used to configure IPv6
addresses and other parameters on a host automatically without the need for a DHCP
server.

46. In IPv6, what is the purpose of the Anycast address type?

- A. Identifies a unique device on the network.
- B. Enables one-to-many communication.
- C. Delivers data to the nearest device within a group.
- D. Resolves domain names to IP addresses.

Answer: C
- Explanation: Anycast addresses are used to deliver data to the nearest device within a
group of devices offering the same service.

47. Which IPv6 extension header is used for specifying optional information about the
packet's source and destination, such as a list of IPv6 addresses for intermediate nodes?
- A. Hop-by-Hop Options Header
- B. Destination Options Header
- C. Routing Header
- D. Fragmentation Header

Answer: B
- Explanation: The Destination Options Header is used for specifying optional information
about the packet's source and destination, such as a list of IPv6 addresses for intermediate
nodes.

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