Project Title

ELECTRICAL WORKSHOP and APPLIED PHYSICS

BSc ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY
By

Group Member 1 Group Member 2

Awais Ahmad 3850-2023 H.M.Huzaifa Iqbal 3782-2023

Group Member 3 Group Member 4

Ahsen Shahid 3783-2023 M.Soban Waheed 3899-2023

Group Member 5 Group Member 6

Muzaffar Ali 3694-2023 Arman Anees 2815-2023

Group Member 7 Group Member 8

M.Talha 3780-2023

Under the supervision of

Practical Teacher Name

Faculty of Engineering Sciences and Tech nology

Hamdard University, Karachi, Pakistan
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Acknowledgement is due to Hamdard Institute of Engineering and Technology for support

of this Project, a highly appreciated achievement for us in the undergraduate level.

We wish to express our appreciation to our practical teacher’s name who served as our

major advisor. We would like to express our heartiest gratitude for their keen guidance, sincere

help and friendly manner which inspires us to do well in the project and makes it a reality.

Many people, especially our classmates and team members itself, have made valuable comment

suggestions on this proposal which gave us an inspiration to improve our project. We also thank

all the people for their help directly and indirectly to complete our project.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT...........................................................................................................i

TABLE OF CONTENTS............................................................................................................ii

1. INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................1

2. WORKING..............................................................................................................................1

3. LIST OF COMPONENTS.......................................................................................................2

4. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM ……....................................................................................................4

5. RESULTS …….......................................................................................................................5

6. CONCLUSION.......................................................................................................................6

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1. INTRODUCTION

This project focuses on developing a three-phase variable resistance system, which

enables precise control over the flow of electrical power in industrial applications. The

system utilizes a series of variable resistors to regulate the resistance in each phase

independently, allowing for customized adjustment of voltage, current, and power

consumption. With the inclusion of selector switches, operators can easily select from

various resistance levels to meet specific requirements.

2. WORKING

The system comprises fifteen 100 Ohm, 20W variable resistors, with five resistors

connected in series for each phase of the three-phase power supply. Additionally, three

selector switches with five selectable points are incorporated, providing users with the

flexibility to adjust the resistance levels in each phase.

3. LIST OF COMPONENTS

A. Resistance 100 Ohm, 20W (five for each phase)

B. Selector switches with five selecting points (one for each phase)

C. Banana sockets (4mm) for connecting external devices

D. Box

A. RESISTANCE

Resistance is a fundamental concept in physics and electrical engineering that

describes the opposition encountered by electric current as it flows through a

conductor. It is denoted by the symbol R and is measured in ohms (Ω). Resistance

is a crucial parameter in electrical circuits, influencing the behavior of the circuit

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 and the distribution of electrical power.

B. Selector switches

Selector switches are electrical switches that allow you to choose between multiple

options or positions. They typically have a rotating or sliding mechanism that you

can adjust to select the desired setting. Selector switches are commonly used in

various applications such as control panels, industrial machinery, electronic

devices, and appliances.

C. Banana socket

Banana sockets, also known as banana jacks or banana plugs, are common electrical

connectors used to create temporary connections between electronic devices, instruments,

and cables. They are named "banana" due to their shape, which resembles that of a banana

plug.

D. Box

Box Fixing for Equipment," it sounds like you're referring to a method of securely

mounting or installing equipment within a box or enclosure.

4. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

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 5. RESULTS

The implementation of the three-phase variable resistance system enables precise

control over power flow and motor operation. By adjusting the resistance levels using

the selector switches, various electrical parameters such as voltage, current, and power

can be finely tuned to meet specific requirements. The system facilitates soft starting

and stopping of motors, enhances energy efficiency, and ensures stable voltage

regulation in the electrical network.

6. CONCLUSION

In conclusion, the project successfully demonstrates the design and implementation of a three-

phase variable resistance system tailored for industrial applications. By utilizing variable

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resistors and selector switches, the system offers flexibility, control, and efficiency in

managing electrical power. Further enhancements and optimizations can be explored to tailor

the system to specific application requirements and achieve even greater benefits, such as

improved performance and reliability of industrial machinery and equipment.