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TH2019PESC2044
TH2019PESC2044
𝑅𝑇 𝐶𝑖𝑛𝑡
𝑉𝑚𝑒𝑚𝑏 = 𝑉𝑖𝑛𝑡 − 𝑉𝑒𝑥𝑡 = − ln ( )
𝑧𝐹 𝐶𝑒𝑥𝑡
𝐶𝑖𝑛𝑡
𝐶𝑒𝑥𝑡
𝑅𝑇 ∑𝑐 𝑝𝑐 𝐶𝑐,𝑒𝑥𝑡 + ∑𝑎 𝑝𝑎 𝐶𝑎,𝑖𝑛𝑡
𝑉𝑚𝑒𝑚𝑏 = 𝑉𝑖𝑛𝑡 − 𝑉𝑒𝑥𝑡 = − ln ( )
𝐹 ∑𝑐 𝑝𝑐 𝐶𝑐,𝑖𝑛𝑡 + ∑𝑎 𝑝𝑎 𝐶𝑎,𝑒𝑥𝑡
𝑝𝑐/𝑎
𝐶𝑐/𝑎,𝑖𝑛𝑡/𝑒𝑥𝑡
𝑚3 )
𝑔𝑚𝑒𝑚𝑏
𝜌 𝐶=
𝑜𝑂𝑥 + 𝑧𝑒 − = 𝑟𝑅𝑒𝑑
𝑜
𝑜 𝑅𝑇 𝑎𝑂𝑥
𝐸 = 𝐸𝑂𝑥/𝑅𝑒𝑑 + ln ( 𝑟 )
𝑧𝐹 𝑎𝑅𝑒𝑑
𝑎𝑂𝑥 /𝑎𝑅𝑒𝑑
𝑜
𝐸𝑂𝑥/𝑅𝑒𝑑
𝐴𝑔𝐶𝑙(𝑠) + 𝑒 − = 𝐴𝑔(𝑠) + 𝐶𝑙 −
𝑜 𝑅𝑇
𝐸 = 𝐸𝐴𝑔𝐶𝑙 ⁄𝐶𝑙 − − ln([𝐶𝑙 − ])
𝐹
𝑜
𝐸𝐴𝑔𝐶𝑙 ⁄𝐶𝑙 − vs ESH = 0.222 𝑉
𝐻+
𝑉𝑅𝐸/𝑀
𝑉𝑅𝐸/𝑀 = −𝑉𝑒
𝑉𝐸𝑇/𝑀 = 0
𝑉𝐸𝑇/𝑅𝐸 = 𝑉𝑒
𝑉𝐸𝑇/(𝐶𝐸=𝑅𝐸) = 𝑉𝑒
𝑉𝑒
𝑉𝑚
𝑟 𝜎
1
𝑅𝑒 =
4𝜎𝑟
𝜀0 𝜀
𝐶𝑠 = 𝑒
𝜀0 𝜀
1
𝑍𝐶 = 𝑗𝐶𝜔 𝜔
1
𝑍𝐶𝑃𝐸 = (𝑗𝜔)𝛼 𝑄
1
𝑍𝐶𝑃𝐸 = 0<𝛽<1
(𝑗𝜔)1−𝛽𝑄
−𝛼90°
–𝛼 𝛼
𝐹. 𝑠 𝛼−1 0<𝛼<1
𝛼=1
𝛼 𝛼 = 0.99
𝛼
𝜀𝑠 − 𝜀∞
𝜀(𝜔) = 𝜀𝑖𝑛𝑓 +
1 + 𝑗𝜔𝜏0
𝜏0 𝜀∞
1
𝜀𝑠
𝜏0
𝜀𝑠 − 𝜀∞
𝜀(𝜔) = 𝜀 ′ + 𝑗𝜀 ′′ = 𝜀∞ + ; 0<𝛼<1
1 + (𝑗𝜔𝜏0 )𝛼
1 sinh 𝛼𝑥
𝑂ù 𝜀 ′ − 𝜀∞ = (𝜀𝑠 − 𝜀∞ ) (1 − )
2 1
cosh(𝛼𝑥) + cos ( (1 − 𝛼)𝜋)
2
1
1 cos 2 (1 − 𝛼)𝜋
′′
𝐸𝑡 𝜀 = (𝜀𝑠 − 𝜀∞ ) ( )
2 1
cosh(𝛼𝑥) + sin (2 (1 − 𝛼)𝜋)
𝑥 = ln(𝜔𝜏0 )
𝜏0 𝛼=1
𝜶
𝜶
∞
𝐺(𝜏)𝑑𝜏
𝜀(𝜔) − 𝜀𝑖𝑛𝑓 = (𝜀𝑠 − 𝜀∞ ) ∫
0 1 + 𝑗𝜔𝜏
1 sin(1−𝛼)𝜋
𝐹(𝑠) =
2𝜋 cosh 𝛼𝑠−cos(1−𝛼)𝜋
∞ ∞ 𝜏
∫0 𝐺(𝜏)𝑑𝜏 = ∫−∞ 𝐹(𝑠)𝑑𝑠 = 1 ; 𝑠 = ln( 𝜏0 )2
𝜏𝐺(𝜏) = 𝐹(𝑠)
𝛼 → 1, 𝐹(𝑠) ≡ 𝛿(𝜏 − 𝜏0 ) 𝛿
𝜏0
𝛼<1
𝜀 ′′ 𝜀′
𝜏
𝑠 = ln( )
𝜏0
1 (𝑗𝜔𝜏0 )𝛼
𝑌=
𝑅𝑒 1 + (𝑗𝜔𝜏0 )𝛼
1
𝑍=
𝑌
𝑅𝑒 𝜏0 = 𝑅𝑒 𝐶𝑒𝑓𝑓 𝐶𝑒𝑓𝑓
𝜏0
𝑄 = 𝑅𝑒 𝛼−1 𝐶𝑒𝑓𝑓 𝛼
1 1 𝑄(𝑗𝜔)𝛼
𝑌= = =
𝑍 𝑍𝐶𝑃𝐸 + 𝑅𝑒 1 + 𝑅𝑒 𝑄(𝑗𝜔)𝛼
1 1
𝑌 = 𝑅 (1 − 𝑅 𝑅
𝑒 1+ 𝑒 +(1+ 𝑒 )1−𝛼 (𝑗𝜔𝜏0 )𝛼
𝑅𝐶𝑇 𝑅𝐶𝑇
1 1
𝑌= (1 − )
𝑅𝑒 𝑅
1 + 𝑅 𝑒 + 𝑅𝑒 𝑄(𝑗𝜔)𝛼
𝑐𝑡
) 𝐶𝑒𝑓𝑓 𝛼
−1 1−𝛼
𝑄 = (𝑅𝑒−1 + 𝑅𝐶𝑇
𝑅𝐶𝑇
𝑃 = 𝑈𝐼cos(𝛼)
𝛼<1
𝛼
𝛼 𝛼
𝛼
α
𝛼
𝑅𝐶𝑇
𝑓𝑐
𝑍0 − 𝑍∞
𝑍 = 𝑍∞ +
𝑓
1 + (𝑗 )1−𝑛
𝑓𝑐
𝑍0 𝑍∞
2𝜋
𝑓𝑐 = 𝜏0
1−𝑛=𝛼
𝐸2
𝐶𝑚𝑒𝑚
𝑹𝒃𝒖𝒍𝒌
𝑹𝒄𝒍 𝑪𝒄𝒍
𝑪𝒆𝒍
𝑄 𝛼
𝛼
𝛾
𝐶𝑂2
𝐶𝑂2 𝐶𝑂2
𝐶𝑂2
𝐻+ 𝐻𝐶𝑂3−
𝐶𝑂2 + 𝐻2 𝑂 = 𝐻2 𝐶𝑂3
𝐻2 𝐶𝑂3 = 𝐻 + + 𝐻𝐶𝑂3−
2. 1013 Ω
4.5 pF
𝜀𝑟
𝜀𝑟 𝜀0 𝑆
𝐶= ; 𝑒 = 1 𝑛𝑚, 𝜀𝑟 = 78.5, 𝜀0 = 8.85. 10−12 , 𝑆 = 𝜋𝑟²
𝑒
100 Ω
1 𝑘Ω
1/𝑓 𝑥
𝑄 𝛼 𝑅𝑒 𝑄
𝑅𝑒
𝑄 𝑅𝑒
𝑸 𝑹𝒆
1⁄
2𝜋𝑅𝐶
𝛼
𝜔 = 2𝜋𝑓
𝑅𝑄(𝑗𝜔)𝛼 + 1
𝑍=
𝑄(𝑗𝜔)𝛼
1
𝑍𝐶𝑃𝐸 =
𝑄(𝑗𝜔)𝛼
𝜋 𝜋
𝑅𝑄𝜔𝛼 𝑗𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝛼 2 ) + 𝑅𝑄𝜔𝛼 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝛼 2 ) + 1
𝑍=
𝑄(𝑗𝜔)𝛼
𝜋
𝑅𝑄𝜔𝑐𝛼 𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝛼 2 ) 𝜋 𝜋
−1
tan ( 𝜋 ) − 𝛼 = −𝛼
𝑅𝑄𝜔𝑐𝛼 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝛼 2 ) + 1 2 4
𝜋
tan 4 𝛼 1
𝜔𝑐 = ( 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 )
𝛼
𝑅𝑄𝑠𝑖𝑛 (𝛼 2 ) − 𝑅𝑄𝑐𝑜𝑠 (𝛼 2 ) tan 4 𝛼
1
𝐾𝛼
80
𝛼= = 0.89
90
1
90.89 = 11.81
𝑹𝒎𝒆 𝑹𝒋𝒖𝒏𝒄
𝑹𝒆𝒙𝒕
𝑹𝒊𝒏𝒕
𝑅𝑖𝑛𝑡 𝑅𝑒𝑥𝑡
𝑅𝑖𝑛𝑡 𝑅𝑒𝑥𝑡
𝑅𝑒𝑥𝑡 𝑅𝑚𝑒𝑑
𝑅𝑚𝑒𝑑 = 𝑅𝑒𝑥𝑡 .
𝑅𝑒
𝑅𝑗𝑢𝑛𝑐
𝑹𝒎𝒆𝒅
Ω. 𝑚𝑚²
𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1 𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑍= + + 𝑅𝑚𝑒𝑑
𝑄𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑒 (𝑗𝜔) 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑒 1 + 𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 (𝑗𝜔)𝛼𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝛼
𝒁𝒑𝒂𝒓
𝑹𝒑𝒂𝒓 = 𝟏𝟎 𝑴𝛀, 𝑪𝒑𝒂𝒓 = 𝟐𝟐 𝒑𝑭 𝑳𝒑𝒂𝒓 = 𝟏𝟎 µ𝑯
1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄ 𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝟏⁄
𝑸𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝟏⁄
𝑸𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝛼𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝛼𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝛼é𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑒
𝛼𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝛼𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝛼𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑅𝑐𝑡
𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑅𝑒
𝑄 𝛼
𝑄 𝛼
𝑄 𝛼
1 1
𝑌= (1 − −1 )
𝑅𝑒 1 + 𝑅𝑒 𝑅𝑐𝑡 + 𝑅𝑒 𝑄(𝑖𝜔)𝛼
−1
𝐶𝑒𝑓𝑓 = 𝜔𝑌′′𝑚𝑎𝑥 (𝑅𝑒−1 + 𝑅𝑐𝑡
−1
)
1
𝛼= [log(𝑅𝑒−1 + 𝑅𝑐𝑡
−1 )
− log 𝑄]
log 𝜔𝑌′′𝑚𝑎𝑥
1
𝛼= −1 [log(𝑅𝑒−1 + 𝑅𝑐𝑡
−1 )
− log 𝑄]
log[𝐶𝑒𝑓𝑓 (𝑅𝑒−1 −1
+ 𝑅𝑐𝑡 )]
𝐶𝑒𝑓𝑓 𝑅𝑒 𝑅𝑐𝑡
𝐶𝑒𝑓𝑓 𝑅𝑒
𝑅𝑐𝑡
𝜶
𝑅𝑒 𝑅𝑐𝑡
𝜔𝑌′′𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝐶𝑒𝑓𝑓
1
𝑌= 𝑍
1⁄ 𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1 −1 −1
1
𝛼𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 = [log(𝑅𝑚𝑒𝑑 + 𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 ) + log ]
log 𝜔𝑌′′𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝜶𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍 𝟏⁄
𝑸𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝜶𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝛼𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝛼𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝛼𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝛼𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝐶𝑒𝑓𝑓
1 𝛼−1
𝛼 −1 −1
𝐶𝑒𝑓𝑓 = 𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 (𝑅𝑚𝑒𝑑 + 𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 )𝛼
1⁄
𝐶𝑒𝑓𝑓
𝟏⁄
𝑪𝒆𝒇𝒇
1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄
𝐶𝑒𝑓𝑓
1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄
𝐶𝑒𝑓𝑓
𝟏⁄
𝑪𝒆𝒇𝒇
1⁄ 𝛼
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄
𝐶𝑒𝑓𝑓
1⁄ 𝛼 𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 𝐶𝑒𝑓𝑓
𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 𝛼𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝛼𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝟏⁄ 𝜶𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝑸𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝑹𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
1⁄
𝐶𝑒𝑓𝑓
1⁄
𝐶𝑒𝑓𝑓
1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝛼𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝟏⁄
𝑪𝒆𝒇𝒇
1⁄ 𝛼𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝟏⁄ 𝜶𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝑸𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝑹𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
1⁄ 𝛼𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄
𝐶𝑒𝑓𝑓
𝛼𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑌 4−
𝑌 4− + 𝐶𝑎2+ = 𝐶𝑎𝑌 2−
𝐾𝑓,𝑝𝐻>13 𝐾𝑓,𝐶𝑎2+,𝑝𝐻=7 =
1⁄ 𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄ 𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝟏⁄ 𝜶𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝑸𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
1⁄ 𝛼𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄ 𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄ 𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝛼𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1 𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑍= + + 𝑅𝑚𝑒𝑑
𝑄𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑒 (𝑗𝜔) 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑒 1 + 𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 (𝑗𝜔)𝛼𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝛼
𝛼𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝛼𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝛼𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑹𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍 𝟏⁄
𝑸𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝑹𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍 𝟏⁄
𝑸𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝟏⁄ 𝜶𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝑸𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
1⁄
𝐶𝑒𝑓𝑓
1⁄
𝐶𝑒𝑓𝑓
1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄ 1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 𝐶𝑒𝑓𝑓
1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄ 𝛼𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝛼𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑹𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍 𝟏⁄
𝑪𝒆𝒇𝒇
𝑹𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍 𝟏⁄
𝑪𝒆𝒇𝒇
𝑹𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍 𝟏⁄
𝑪𝒆𝒇𝒇
𝑹𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍 𝟏⁄
𝑪𝒆𝒇𝒇
𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄ 𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
(𝑯𝟐 𝑶𝟐
(𝐻2 𝑂2
𝐻2 𝑂2
𝐻2 𝑂2
𝐻2 𝑂2
𝐻2 𝑂2
𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝐻2 𝑂2
𝐻2 𝑂2
𝛼𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝐻2 𝑂2
𝐻2 𝑂2
𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝐻2 𝑂2 1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝐻2 𝑂2
𝑹𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍 𝟏⁄
𝑸𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝑯𝟐 𝑶𝟐
𝜶𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍 𝟏⁄
𝑸𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝑯𝟐 𝑶𝟐
𝑯𝟐 𝑶𝟐
𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 1⁄ 1⁄
𝐶𝑒𝑓𝑓 𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄ 𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝐶𝑒𝑓𝑓
𝐻2 𝑂2
1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝛼𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝐻2 𝑂2
𝑹𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍 𝟏⁄
𝑪𝒆𝒇𝒇
𝑯𝟐 𝑶𝟐
𝐻2 𝑂2
1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝐻2 𝑂2
𝑹𝟎∎
𝟐
𝐻2 𝑂2
𝑂𝐻 ∎ 𝐻2 𝑂2
𝐹𝑒 2+ + 𝐻2 𝑂2 = 𝐹𝑒 3+ + 𝑂𝐻 − + 𝑂𝐻 ∎
𝐹𝑒 3+ + 𝐻2 𝑂2 = 𝐹𝑒 2+ + 𝐻 + + 𝐻𝑂2∎
(k =
1038
𝟏⁄ 𝜶𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝑸𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝑹𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝟏⁄
𝑪𝒆𝒇𝒇
1⁄ 𝛼𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 1⁄ 𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄
𝐶𝑒𝑓𝑓 .
𝟏⁄ 𝜶𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝑸𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝑹𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝟏⁄ 𝑹𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝑸𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝟏⁄
𝑪𝒆𝒇𝒇
𝟏⁄ 𝑹𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝑪𝒆𝒇𝒇
1⁄ 𝛼𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄ 𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝐶𝑒𝑓𝑓
𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄ 𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄ 𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄ 𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄ 1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 𝐶𝑒𝑓𝑓
𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
Vcm−1
Vcm−1
𝟏⁄ 𝜶𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝑸𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝟏⁄
𝑸𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝑹𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝑹𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍 𝟏⁄
𝑸𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝑹𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝟏⁄ 𝜶𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝑸𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝟏⁄ 𝑹𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝑸𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝟏⁄ 𝑹𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝑪𝒆𝒇𝒇
𝟏⁄ 𝜶𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝑸𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝟏⁄ 𝑹𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝑸𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝟏⁄ 𝑹𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝑪𝒆𝒇𝒇
1⁄
𝐶𝑒𝑓𝑓
1⁄
𝐶𝑒𝑓𝑓
1⁄
𝐶𝑒𝑓𝑓
1⁄
𝐶𝑒𝑓𝑓
𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝟏⁄ 𝜶𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝑸𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝟏⁄ 𝑹𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝑸𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝟏⁄ 𝑹𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍
𝑪𝒆𝒇𝒇
1⁄ 𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝛼𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄ 𝛼𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 , 𝛼𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄
𝐶𝑒𝑓𝑓
1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄ 𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝐻2 𝑂2
1
𝑓=
𝛿
𝑇0 𝑃0
𝐸 𝐸 𝑒𝑞
𝐸 𝑒𝑞 𝐸 𝑒𝑞
𝐸 𝑒𝑞 = 𝐸 0
−𝐹(𝐸 − 𝐸 0 )
−(Δ𝐺𝑎,𝑟𝑒𝑑 +𝛾𝐹(𝐸−𝐸 0 ))⁄
𝑗𝑟𝑒𝑑 (𝐸) = 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝐶𝑟𝑒𝑑 (𝑥 = 0, 𝑡)𝑒 𝑅𝑇
𝐶𝑜𝑥/𝑟𝑒𝑑 (𝑥 = 0, 𝑡)
Δ𝐺𝑎,𝑜𝑥/𝑟𝑒𝑑
𝛾 0<𝛾<1
𝐸 = 𝐸0
−Δ𝐺𝑎,𝑟𝑒𝑑 −Δ𝐺𝑎,𝑜𝑥
⁄𝑅𝑇 ⁄𝑅𝑇
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑒 = 𝐴𝑜𝑥 𝑒 = 𝑘0
𝛼
𝛾
−𝛾𝐹(𝐸−𝐸 0 )⁄ (1−𝛾)𝐹(𝐸−𝐸 0 )
⁄
𝑖(𝐸) = −𝑛𝑆𝐹𝑘 0 (𝐶𝑟𝑒𝑑 (𝑥 = 0, 𝑡)𝑒 𝑅𝑇 − 𝐶𝑜𝑥 (𝑥 = 0, 𝑡)𝑒 𝑅𝑇 )
1 𝜕𝑖
= (𝐸)
𝑅𝐶𝑇 (𝐸) 𝜕𝐸
𝑛2 𝑆𝐹²𝑘 0 −𝛾𝐹(𝐸−𝐸 0 )⁄ (1−𝛾)𝐹(𝐸−𝐸 0 )
⁄
= (𝛾𝐶𝑟𝑒𝑑 (𝑥 = 0, 𝑡)𝑒 𝑅𝑇 + (1 − 𝛾)𝐶𝑜𝑥 (𝑥 = 0, 𝑡)𝑒 𝑅𝑇 )
𝑅𝑇
𝐸 − 𝐸0
𝑅𝐶𝑇 (𝐸~𝐸 0 )
𝑅𝐶𝑇 (𝐸, 𝑡 = 0)
𝑅𝐶𝑇 (𝐸)
𝐷𝑜𝑥/𝑟𝑒𝑑
𝛿𝑁 𝐶𝑜𝑥/𝑟𝑒𝑑,𝑏𝑖𝑎𝑖𝑠
𝑥
𝐶𝑜𝑥/𝑟𝑒𝑑,𝑏𝑖𝑎𝑖𝑠 (𝑥) = 𝐶𝑜𝑥/𝑟𝑒𝑑,𝑏𝑖𝑎𝑖𝑠 (0) + (𝐶𝑜𝑥/𝑟𝑒𝑑,𝑒𝑙 − 𝐶𝑜𝑥/𝑟𝑒𝑑,𝑏𝑖𝑎𝑖𝑠 (0))
𝛿𝑁
𝑝𝑜𝑢𝑟 𝑥 < 𝛿𝑁 ; 𝐶𝑜𝑥/𝑟𝑒𝑑,𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑜𝑢𝑟 𝑥 ≥ 𝛿𝑁 (𝑑𝑎𝑛𝑠 𝑙 ′ é𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑙𝑦𝑡𝑒)
𝑒 𝑗𝜔𝑡
𝑗𝜔
−𝛿𝑁 √
𝐷𝑜𝑥/𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑗𝜔
∆𝐶𝑜𝑥/𝑟𝑒𝑑 (𝑥) = −2𝑁𝑜𝑥/𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑒 sinh((𝑥 − 𝛿𝑁 )√ )
𝐷𝑜𝑥/𝑟𝑒𝑑
∆𝐶𝑜𝑥/𝑟𝑒𝑑 (𝑥 = 𝛿𝑁 ) = 0
𝛿𝑁
∆𝐶𝑜𝑥/𝑟𝑒𝑑 (𝑥 = ∞) = 0
𝑗𝜔 𝑗𝜔
−𝑥√ −𝑥√
𝐷𝑜𝑥/𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝐷𝑜𝑥/𝑟𝑒𝑑
∆𝐶𝑜𝑥/𝑟𝑒𝑑 (𝑥) = 𝑁𝑜𝑥/𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑒 = ∆𝐶𝑜𝑥/𝑟𝑒𝑑 (0)𝑒
𝑒 𝑗𝜔𝑡
𝜕𝐶𝑜𝑥/𝑟𝑒𝑑 (𝑥, 𝑡) 𝑗𝜔
𝑖𝐷𝑜𝑥/𝑟𝑒𝑑 = −𝑛𝐹𝑆𝐷𝑜𝑥/𝑟𝑒𝑑 (𝑥 = 0) = 𝑛𝐹𝑆𝐷𝑜𝑥/𝑟𝑒𝑑 √ ∆𝐶 (0)
𝜕𝑥 𝐷𝑜𝑥/𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑜𝑥/𝑟𝑒𝑑
𝑖𝐷𝑜𝑥/𝑟𝑒𝑑 = 𝑖
𝜕𝑖 𝜕𝑖 𝜕𝑖 𝜕𝑖 𝜕𝑖
𝛿𝑖 = 𝛿𝐸 + 𝛿𝐶 = 𝛿𝑖 = 𝛿𝐸 + 𝛿𝐶𝑟𝑒𝑑 − 𝛿𝐶
𝜕𝐸 𝜕𝐶 𝜕𝐸 𝜕𝐶𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝜕𝐶𝑜𝑥 𝑜𝑥
1 −𝛾𝐹(𝐸−𝐸 0 )⁄ (1−𝛾)𝐹(𝐸−𝐸 0 )
⁄
𝛿𝑖 = 𝛿𝐸 − 𝑛𝑆𝐹𝑘 0 (𝑒 𝑅𝑇 + 𝑒 𝑅𝑇 )𝛿𝐶
𝑅𝐶𝑇
𝛿𝐶 = ∆𝐶𝑜𝑥/𝑟𝑒𝑑 (0)
1 −𝛾𝐹(𝐸−𝐸 0 )⁄ (1−𝛾)𝐹(𝐸−𝐸 0 )
⁄ 𝛿𝑖
𝛿𝑖 = 𝛿𝐸 − 𝑘 0 (𝑒 𝑅𝑇 + 𝑒 𝑅𝑇 )
𝑅𝐶𝑇 √𝑗𝜔𝐷
𝛿𝐸
𝛿𝑖
−𝛾𝐹(𝐸−𝐸 0 )⁄ (1−𝛾)𝐹(𝐸−𝐸 0 )
⁄
𝑘 0 (𝑒 𝑅𝑇 +𝑒 𝑅𝑇 )
1/√𝑗𝜔 = (𝑗𝜔)−1/2
𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄ 𝛼𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄
𝐶𝑒𝑓𝑓
𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 , 𝛼𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 𝛼𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 𝛼𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 1⁄ 1⁄
𝑄𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 𝛼𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 𝐶𝑒𝑓𝑓
𝑅𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
α