BLOOD

CELLS PLASMA
1- RBCs (red blood cells)
2- WBCs ( white blood cells)
3- platelets
1- Blood picture ( virus – bacteria)
2- Estimation of hormones or enzymes
3- It may be collected for blood transfusion
4- Blood count
species Large amount Small amount
human Brachial vein - .Radial vein Tip of finger
spp Large amount Small amount
Cattle, .Jugular vein
buffalo
Sheep and Ear vein
goat
pig Heart puncture - Tail vein.
Camel Jugular vein
tail vein
Equine
Dog & cat. saphenous vein - cephalic vein
Rat & mice. 1- Retro-orbital venous plexus 2- cardiac Tail vein
puncture
Rabbit . Jugular vein - Heart puncture Ear vein
Guinea pig .Heart puncture .Retro-orbital
venous plexus
Poultry .wing vein - Heart puncture .comb and wattle
Fish .Heart puncture - Tail vein
Collection of blood from the jugular vein
 Procedure :
 1- In animals having long hair or wool on the neck, it must be
cut off.
 2- Sterilize the site of puncturing with 70% ethyl alcohol.
 3- Tourniquet the neck region with a rubber tube and deviate
the head to the opposite side to bring the vein more
prominent.
 4- Puncture the vein using a strong and sharp needle and
collect the required amount of blood in a clean sterile vial
with or without anticoagulants.
 5- After collection withdraw the needle and press on the site
of puncturing, using a cotton piece wetted with alcohol, for
few seconds to prevent bleeding
 Procedure :
 1- Put the rat in a suitable glass dissector containing a piece of
cotton soaked with diethyl ether for anesthesia.
 2- Catch the rat with a laboratory towel keeping the head in a
suitable position for the process of collection.
 3- A heparinized glass micro-tube is introduced with care ventral to
the eye ball at the medial canthus.
 4- Rotate the tube gently until the blood comes out.
 5- Collect the required amount of blood in a clean and strile vial.
 6-Withdraw the micro-tube gently , then press on the eye for few
seconds and return the rat to its cage.
 Anticoagulants
Definition:
chemical substance that prevents coagulation or clotting
of blood.
• The best anticoagulant prevent coagulation
and keep the chemical characters of cellular
elements ( RBCs, WBCs and platelets).
1- EDTA
Ethylene
diamine
tetra
acetic acid

2- Heparin

3- Sodium
citrate

4-
potassium
oxalate
5- Ammonium
oxalate

6- Lithium
oxalate

7- Lithium
citrate

8- Sodium
fluoride and
thymol
( 10 : 1 )

9- Acid citrate
dextrose